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Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aimed at the problems that the traditional underground garage fire detection is not timely and can't give detailed fire information, the target detection is difficult to detect small target smoke and flame, and the accuracy of other smoke and flame detection is low, an improved YOLOv5s underground garage smoke and flame detection algorithm is proposed. Attention mechanism is added to the last C3 module of YOLOv5s backbone network to help the network model extract the multi-scale spatial information and important features of smoke and flame more fully. The Neck part is improved to enhance the ability of feature interaction and small target smoke detection. The convolution module of backbone network is improved to improve the ability of smoke and flame feature extraction. WIoU (wise intersection over union) is introduced as a new bounding box loss function to enhance the generalization ability of the model. Soft NMS (soft nonmaximum suppression) is introduced to enhance the detection ability of overlapping smoke and flame. Comparative experiments are carried out on the self-made smoke and flame data set, and the results show that the weight of the improved model is reduced by 0.2 MB, and the accuracy is improved by 6.8 percentage points, which can meet the requirements of smoke and flame detection in underground garages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To deepen the understanding of the combustion behavior of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material during fire incidents, thermogravimetric infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR) and cone calorimetry techniques were utilized in this study to investigate its burning characteristics. The Kissinger and Friedman methods were employed to calculate the activation energy of the pyrolysis and combustion processes. The TG-FTIR results revealed that the temperature ranges of 205~405 °C and 369~650 °C corresponded to the stages of thermal decomposition and oxidative combustion of the material, respectively. Significant weight loss and notable heat release were observed in both stages, and an increase in heating rate led to a shift towards higher temperatures. The main pyrolysis products during the thermal decomposition stage were hydrogen chloride and chlorinated hydrocarbons, along with a small amount of alkanes. The major products during the oxidative combustion stage were CO2, with minor amounts of hydrogen chloride, chlorinated hydrocarbons, alkanes, aromatic compounds, and hydroxyl compounds. Cone calorimetry tests demonstrated that the heat release rate, smoke production rate, CO, and CO2 generation increased rapidly and reached peak values after PVC ignition, followed by a gradual decrease. Moreover, an increase in heat radiative intensity resulted in larger peak values and shorter peak times. Additionally, the increase in heat radiative intensity significantly reduced the ignition time, accelerated the mass loss rate, and increased the mass loss rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to investigate the differences of aroma components and aroma profiles in segmented smoke of cigars, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to detect the aroma compounds of Great Wall No. 2 and Montecristo No. 4 cigars, supplemented by sensory evaluation and odor contribution weight to investigate the aroma characteristics of cigars, and the key aroma components in cigars were screened based on partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The results showed that the cigar was shorter, the interception effect was weakened, and the quantity and release of aroma components in cigar smoke were increased during smoking. In the odor contribution weight of segmented smoke of cigars, the bean and woody aromas of Great Wall No. 2 weakened and the coffee aroma increased as smoking proceeded, while the bean aroma of Montecristo No. 4 weakened and the spicy aroma increased. These changes in odor contribution weight were consistent with the results of the sensory evaluation. 12 key differential aroma components such as γ-hexalactone, 2-furoic acid, acetophenone, phenylacetic acid, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine were obtained during the smoking process of Great Wall No. 2, and 11 key differential aroma components such as cedrol, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, guaiacol, γ-nonanolactone were obtained during the smoking process of Montecristo No. 4. The results of this study reflected the change rules of smoke composition in the smoking process of cigar and explained the reasons for the flavor changes in the smoking process of cigar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conversion furnace of the hydrogen production unit uses high-pressure fuel gas from the factory pipeline network as fuel, after cutting out the PSA exhaust gas during shutdown stage, and before cutting in the PSA exhaust gas during start-up stage. There is a problem of high oxygen content and excessive NOx converted concentration in the discharged flue gas. Therefor, the industrial application and optimization of the non-ammonia bio-based non-catalyst denitration reducing agent skid-mounted technology are carried out during the shutdown and start-up process. The results show that after adding the agent in an atmospherea with a smoke temperature of 450 ~850°C, the actual measured value of NOx is reduced to ultra-low level, which solves the problem of high-fold oxygen multiple, and achieves full-time compliant external discharge of NOx in the discharged flue gas; during the shutdown process, the daily average value of NOx converted concentration decreases from 279 mg/m to 129 mg/m (meeting the index requirements of below 180 mg/m³), while during the start-up process, the daily average value of NOx converted concentration decreases from 502 mg/m to 104 mg/m³. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to investigate the differences in the mass fractions of organic acids in smoke of different types of reconstituted tobacco materials, a quantitative method using a tube furnace to generate smoke that could be captured for analysis was developed. Silylation derivatization combined with GC-MS/MS was used to determine the captured organic acids in smoke under different conditions. A comparative study was conducted on the mass fractions of organic acids in different types of flue-cured tobacco and reconstituted tobacco made from them. The results showed that: 1) The detection limits of 29 organic acids were between 0.83-17.57 ng/g, and the spiked recoveries ranged from 85.68% to 108.32%, with RSD in the range of 1.19%-7.66%. The method was suitable for the quantitative determination of the organic acids in tobacco. 2) The total amounts of the organic acids in both flue-cured and reconstituted tobacco materials were detected by this method at different temperatures and environmental atmospheres, and it was found that the total amount of the organic acids in reconstituted tobacco was greater than that in the corresponding flue-cured tobacco. An aerobic atmosphere was conducive to the release of organic acids, and the maximum amounts of the organic acids occurred when the heating temperature was 250-300 °C [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the research progress of tunnel fire comprehensively, visual analysis is conducted on literature temporal distribution, keyword clustering, research institutions and scholars, research hotspots, and frontier trend of papers related to tunnel fire from 2000 to 2022 based on CNKI and core collection database of Web of Science, and using CiteSpace analytic tool. Findings are as follows: (1) The overall volume of publications in the field of tunnel fire has shown an increasing trend and grows rapidly after 2014. Chinese scholars take the leading position in this field and receive widespread influence across the world. (2) The main research topics include numerical simulation, ventilation and smoke extraction, smoke temperature, and emergency evacuation. Prominent research institutions such as University of Science and Technology of China, Central South University, and RISE Research Institutes of Sweden and their scholars are main research forces. However, the collaboration and communication among research teams is relatively small. (3) With the increasing complexity of tunnel types, the frontier hotspots gradually focus on tunnel slopes, ambient pressure, and bifurcated tunnels. (4) For future research, with the help of artificial intelligence, big data, and other emerging technologies, interdisciplinary integration and academic cooperation can be further strengthened. Laws and regulations in tunnel fire should be improved and revised to enhance international status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Test & Measurement Technology is the property of Publishing Center of North University of China and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Congenital cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) is a common malformation of maxillofacial development. At present, it is believed that the etiology of congenital cleft lip and palate mainly results from genetic factors and environmental factors. Epigenetic changes induced by environmental factors may be the key factor in the occurrence of fetal congenital malformations. As one of the important epigenetic modifications, DNA methylation has been widely and deeply studied in many fields, but as a link between the individual and the environment, its application in CL/P is limited. Existing studies have shown that DNA methylation is closely related to the occurrence of cleft lip and palate. Stimulation of folate deficiency, smoking, pollutant exposure and other environmental factors can induce changes in the state of DNA methylation, thus affecting gene expression in the development of lip and palate and leading to the occurrence of deformities.

Copyright of Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Petroleum Refinery Engineering is the property of Petroleum Refinery Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The coarse arsenic fume is an inevitable product of the gold roasting and smelting process in the treatment of complex arsenic-containing gold concentrate. The way it is effectively disposed of safely, environmentally friendly, and recovered as resources, has become a technical problem for the gold and non-ferrous metal smelting industry. In the production process of a gold smelting company, the mass fractions of arsenic trioxide, gold, and silver in the coarse arsenic fume are 86. 50 %,1. 1 g/t, and 11 g/t, respectively. The coarse arsenic fume is treated using closed fluidization transportation of coarse arsenic fume, multi-stage gradient temperature-controlled distillation, multi-stage slow-cooling crystallization of arsenic, leaching of gold and silver from arsenic-removal slag and recycling of arsenic-removal tail gas. This technology has been successfully applied on an industrial scale. The primary product obtained has an arsenic trioxide mass fraction of 99. 51 %,and the arsenic recovery rate reaches 99. 10 %. The gold and silver recovery rates are 81. 17 % and 79. 94 % respectively. The industrial application of the purification and production of arsenic trioxide from coarse arsenic fume successfully transforms coarse arsenic fume hazardous waste into a secondary high-value resource, overcoming the technical bottlenecks of producing high-purity arsenic trioxide from coarse arsenic fume both domestically and internationally. The comprehensive recovery, recycling, and clean production of coarse arsenic fume resources have significant environmental, economic, and social benefits, demonstrating wide-ranging value for promotion and application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, transparent intumescent flame retardant coatings were prepared with melamine-formaldehyde resin (MF) as the film-forming resin, phosphoric acid-pentaerythritol (H3PO4 -PER) as the intumescent flame retardant system, and graphene oxide (GO) as the flame retardant co-agent to improve the flame retardant and smoke suppression performance of wood-plastic composites (WPC). Results showed that the coatings had highly transparency, good physical properties, excellent flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties. The addition of GO did not change the physical properties of the coatings, but significantly improved the thermal stability, flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of the WPC composites. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) tests showed that the charcoal residue of the coating increased by 11. 0% when 0. 2% GO was added. The simulated large plate burning method showed that the flame resistance time of the coating increased by 75. 0% compared with the control group when 0. 2% GO was added. Cone calorimeter (CONE) combustion test showed that the addition of GO effectively suppressed the heat release and smoke release of the coating. The total heat release and total smoke release of the coating decreased by 35. 6% and 43. 5%, respectively. The flake structure of graphene oxide became cross-linked points after the coating was expanded by heat, which improved the overall mechanical strength and stability of the carbon layer, and then achieved the effect of flame and smoke suppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Clean Coal Technology is the property of Clean Coal Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays is the property of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Beijing University of Civil Engineering & Architecture is the property of Journal of Beijing University of Civil Engineering & Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The fires can be effectively detected by monitoring fire smoke. However, existing fire smoke segmentation algorithms have not performed well on the small smoke and edges of large smoke. This article proposed an improved lightweight DeepLabV3+ smoke segmentation algorithm based on deep learning, which effectively detects smoke. The feature extraction network of the DeeplabV3+ algorithm was replaced, which reduced the number of parameters. This improvement enhanced the algorithm′s ability to extract smoke features and segment smoke. The convolutional block attention module(CBAM))was added to the encoder module to enhance the algorithm′s perception of small smoke. This improvement enhanced the algorithm′s segmentation capability for smoke in complex backgrounds, and effectively alleviate smoke mis-segmentation. Experimental results on the test set show a noticeable gain up to 6.46% in smoke intersection over union(sIoU), 4.28% in mean intersection over union(mIoU), and 1.72% in mean pixel accuracy(mPA), respectively. Moreover, the improved algorithm′s weight size is only 10.76% of the original algorithm′s weight size. The experimental results show that the improved smoke segmentation algorithm, which has higher smoke segmentation accuracy, shorter training time, and a smaller model size compared to the original DeepLabV3+ algorithm. The improved smoke segmentation algorithm is more suitable for real-time smoke monitoring tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Wool Textile Journal is the property of National Wool Textile Science & Technology Information Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Railway Science & Engineering is the property of Journal of Railway Science & Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

For a certain arched "cross" type transfer subway station, the problem of smoke inhalation through the side smoke exhaust mode and the influence of the location of main smoke outlet on the smoke exhaust effect of the arched subway station were studied by the method of combining theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, and the influence of opening mechanical air replenishment on the platform floor and natural air replenishment by opening the screen door on the platform floor was discussed. The results show that: the smoke outlet on the main side of arched station hall plays a decisive role in the smoke exhaust effect of the whole station hall; when the distance between the main side smoke outlet and the arch of the station hall is within 1.8 m, the time when the smoke outlet starts to contact and remove the smoke is almost the same; with the distance between the smoke vent and the vault increases, the smoke layer near the smoke outlet is more likely to be sucked through when a fire occurs, and the suitable range of the distance between the main side smoke outlet and the arch in the case of 2.5 MW fire in the arched station hall is obtained; it is suggested that when a fire occurs in the station hall, the mechanical ventilation of the platform or the screen door of the platform should be opened to provide a safer environment for the station hall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Fly Ash Comprehensive Utilization is the property of Hebei Fly Ash Comprehensive Utilization Magazine Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Taking demi-slim cigarettes as the research object, the effects of ash content, air permeability, quantity, the content of combustion aids and the ratio of potassium to sodium on the release of tar and other two routine smoke components from cigarette paper were studied by uniform design method. The relative deviation between the measured release and the box standard value was converted into the coincidence degree and the influence of cigarette paper parameters on the coincidence degree of smoke composition was studied. The results showed that the cigarette paper with high ash content, high quantity, high content of combustion-supporting agent, high ratio of potassium to sodium, and medium and high permeability was beneficial to reduce the release of components of conventional cigarette smoke, and the influence trend was basically consistent with that of conventional cigarette. The conformity degree was beneficial to comparing the control level of different box-marked cigarettes and different components of cigarette smoke. The factors affecting the conformity degree of various components of cigarette smoke were basically consistent with the release amount, but the trend was different, and the influence of cigarette paper parameters on the conformity degree of components of cigarette smoke had its unique regularity. It could provide a boundary for the optimization of cigarette paper parameters and improve other cigarette qualities more efficiently while ensuring the conformity of cigarette components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Control Theory & Applications / Kongzhi Lilun Yu Yinyong is the property of Editorial Department of Control Theory & Applications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Railway Science & Engineering is the property of Journal of Railway Science & Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Beijing University of Technology is the property of Journal of Beijing University of Technology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays is the property of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Forest Products Industry is the property of China Forest Products Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To improve the flame retardancy and smoke suppression performance of epoxy resins(EP), ZIF-67 was loaded on the surface of chitosan(CS) using a co-precipitation method. The structure and morphology of the resultant hybrid were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that the CS/ZIF-67 hybrid was successfully prepared. The effect of different proportions of CS/ZIF-67 hybrid on the flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of EP was studied. The results indicated that the addition of CS/ZIF-67 hybrid improved the UL 94 grade and LOI value of EP composites and reduced the heat release rate and smoke release rate of EP-based composites, The addition of CS/ZIF-67 hybrid effectively improved the flame retardant and smoke suppression performance of EP. The SEM and Raman spectroscopy analysis for the residual char after the combustion of EP-based composites indicated that the addition of CS/ZIF-67 hybrid improved the graphitization degree of the residual char, and a denser carbon layer was formed during the combustion of EP, thus generating flame retardant and smoke suppression effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Guangdong Architecture Civil Engineering is the property of Guangdong Architecture Civil Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

【Objective】The present paper aimed to study the effects of optimized fan frequency and different tobacco density on the temperature difference in the curing barn, changes in tobacco leaves and the quality of cured tobacco, and further determine the applicability of optimized fan frequency in the curing process. 【Method】Two factors of fan frequency and smoke density were set to track the changes of the three smoke density during the process of optimizing the fan frequency and the quality of the cured tobacco during the whole process, and conduct a comparative analysis in combination with the conventional full process of 50 Hz. 【Result】In terms of temperature difference in the roasting barn, as the baking progresses, the temperature difference basically followed the change rule of the main water loss stage>the late stage>the main yellowing stage>the preheating stage, and the optimization of the fan frequency reduces the temperature difference in the roasting barn. In terms of tobacco leaf changes, the unevenness of leaf temperature was D2Y>D1Y>D3Y>D2C; L* value and b* value first increase and then decrease, L* values of D2C and D1Y were always higher than that of D2Y and D3Y; a* value gradually increased with the change of the state, and there was no obvious difference between different treatments; The overall contraction of the optimized fan frequency was good, and the water loss form of D2Y tobacco was the best. In terms of quality of cured tobacco leaves, compared with D2C, D1Y, D2Y and D3Y had significant differences in appearance quality, chemical composition, sensory evaluation and comprehensive score (P<0.05), and D2Y had the highest score. 【Conclusion】Optimizing the fan frequency can have a lower temperature difference in the curing barn under different loading densities, better tobacco leaf changes and higher quality of cured tobacco, which has strong applicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blasting smoke and dust are major pollution sources that are difficult to treat in open pit mining. Affected by harmful effects such as blasting flying stones and shock waves, it is difficult to directly test the initial concentration and properties of blasting smoke and dust mushroom clouds. As a result, the treatment technology for blasting smoke and dust is lacking, and the scheme design and key parameters are difficult to accurately determine. In this paper, according to the characteristics of instantaneous generation, high-speed and strong diffusion of mushroom smoke in open pit mine blasting, a dust generation model for the deep hole blasting in open pit mine is established. Specifically, the initial characteristics of blasting smoke generation and expansion in the process of rock breaking, throwing, and accumulation are studied by numerical simulation technology, and high-speed photographic tests are carried out on the blasting smoke. The actual blasting smoke and dust cloud diffusion result obtained by the test are compared with the numerical simulation result, and the two are highly consistent. A technical plan for environmental protection at the source in the early stage of the generation and diffusion of blasting smoke and dust has been determined. The explosion water mist field generation technology matching the deep hole blasting has been developed, which provides technical support for the source control of blasting smoke and dust in an open-pit mine. It breaks through the technical problem that the blasting smoke and dust generated in open-pit blasting are difficult to be synchronously controlled on the spot, and achieved a remarkable effect of reducing the dust concentration by more than 40% in the explosion water mist dust reduction test of open pit blasting in Baiyun iron mine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Laser Technology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Under the condition of the same cavity depth, four circular cavity combined filter rods with different cavity diameter were designed, and the influence of cavity diameter on the main physical and chemical indexes and sensory quality of cigarettes was studied. The results showed as follows: the release amounts of total particulate matter, tar and nicotine of circular cavity combined filter cigarettes increased with the increase of cavity diameter, and were higher than those of cigarettes with ordinary cellulose acetate filters. The nicotine interception in ordinary tow segment had little change, while the nicotine interception in the tow segment of the cavity filter rod and the nicotine interception per unit area gradually decreased with the increase of the cavity diameter. With the increase of cavity diameter, the hazard index of combined filter cigarettes increased, and the offset of cigarette hazard index gradually increased. The sensory quality evaluation score of combined filter cigarettes decreased with the increase of the cavity diameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Dalian University of Technology / Dalian Ligong Daxue Xuebao is the property of Journal of Dalian University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tunnel Construction / Suidao Jianshe (Zhong-Yingwen Ban) is the property of Tunnel Construction Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays is the property of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Effective and safe smoke generators were urgently needed to control gray mold of Chinese chives. In this study, the feasibility of processing nine commonly used fungicides into smoke generator was evaluated from five aspects: inhibition activity of active compounds, toxicity of smoke, smoke formation rate, safety, and field control. The inhibition activity of active compounds results showed that EC50 values of fluazinam, fludioxonil, and pyrisoxazole against mycelial growth were 0.13, 0.05, and 0.12 mg/L; EC50 values of pyrazolamide, fluopyram, and boscalid against conidial germination were 0.84, 0.68, and 1.16 mg/L. In a 0.108 m³ containment device, the toxicity of the smoke of fungicides at the same dose of 0.01 g was tested, the results showed that with the same dose of 0.01 g, the mycelial growth were completely inhibited by smoked fludioxonil, while the conidial germination was completely inhibited by smoked pyrazolamide, fluopyram, and boscalid, the inhibition rates of registered procymidone smoke generator against mycelial growth and conidial germination were 54.39% and 43.27%. The smoking rate of fludioxonil, boscalid, and fluopyram were 85.93%, 91.35%, and 82.86%, which conform to the criterion of active ingredient for fabricating smoke generators. Seven days after fungicide smokes treatment, there was no significant difference in plant height and stem diameter of Chinese chives compared with the untreated control. The results of the field trials in 2019 and 2020 showed that the curative efficacy of active ingredient of 120 g/hm² fludioxonil smoke generator to gray mold were 72.31% and 79.78%, and the curative efficacy of active ingredient of 375 g/hm² boscalid smoke generator to gray mold were 81.17% and 83.81%. Their curative efficacy was all higher than the procymidone smoke generator at the highest registered dose (the active ingredient of 450 g/hm² ), in the treatment of grey mold of Chinese chives (59.86% and 63.71%). At the above doses, the preventative efficacies of three smoke generators to control gray mold were all above 90%. The dissipation dynamics of curves of the fludioxonil and boscalid were both in line with the first-order kinetic equation. The both half-lives of fludioxonil and boscalid in Chinese chives plant were 3-4 d. It is recommended that fludioxonil and boscalid are processed into smoke generators and registered for the prevention and control of gray mold of Chinese chives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]