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Children and adults differ significantly in physiology, biochemistry and immune function, which leads to significant differences in blood transfusion strategies between children and adults. To guide the clinical transfusion practice of pediatric patients and improve the prognosis of children, the National Health Commission organized the formulation and release of the health industry standard Guideline for Pediatric Transfusion (WS/T 795-2022).This paper will briefly introduce some concepts that help understand of the Standard and the preparation process of the Standard, and explain and interpret the preparation of the " scope", " general provisions" and " factors to consider" of the Standard, hoping to contribute to the understanding and implementation of the Standard.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma(PRP) in acute achilles tendon injury by meta-analysis. Methods Literature on clinical randomized controlled trial of PRP in the treatment of acute achilles tendon injury from Wanfang database, CNKI, VIP database, The Chinese Biological Literature Database, The Chinese Clinical Trials Registry, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and The US Clinical Trials Registry as of August 2023 were retrieved. The control group received conventional treatment for acute achilles tendon injury, while PRP treatment group received additional PRP treatment. The primary outcome measure was visual analogue pain scale, and the secondary outcome measures were the achilles tendon fracture score, maximum heel rise height, calf circumference and ankle range of motion. The quality of the literature was assessed using the Cochrane manual, and a meta-analysis of qualified literature was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results Seven articles were finally included, involving 421 patients with acute achilles tendon injury, including 212 patients in the PRP treatment group, and 209 patients in the conventional treatment group. The results of meta-analysis showed that there was no difference between the conventional treatment group and the PRP treatment group in terms of the visual analogue pain scale(SMD=-0.44, 95%CI: -0.94~0.06, P>0.05), calf circumference (MD=1.14, 95% CI: -1.56-3.84, P>0.05), ankle joint toe flexion range of motion (SMD=1.85, 95%CI: -1.38-5.09, P>0.05), ankle dorsiflexion range of motion(SMD=2.61, 95%CI: -0.95-6.17, P>0.05), achilles tendon fracture score (MD=-5.60, 95%CI: -15.36-4.16, P>0.05) and the maximum heel rise height (MD=-2.48, 95%CI: -5.30-0.33, P>0.05). And there was no difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (X2=2. 455, P>0.05). Conclusion PRP injection for acute achilles tendon injury does not improve the biomechanical and clinical outcomes of patients, and the use of PRP does not increase the occurrence of adverse reactions.

Objective To analyze the risk factors of bleeding after subcutaneous injection of low-molecular-weight heparin in elderly patients with unstable angina pectoris and weakness. Methods Elderly patients with unstable angina pectoris and weakness who were hospitalized in the Department of Geriatrics and the Department of Cardiology of Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University(Nanjing First Hospital) from June 2020 to June 2023, they were randomly divided into subcutaneous hemorrhage group(n=90) and control group(n=90) according to whether subcutaneous hemorrhage occurred.General data such as age, gender, body mass index(BMI), as well as combined diseases and injection methods were compared between the two groups.Multivariate logistic regression was performed to analyze the risk factors for subcutaneous hemorrhage after subcutaneous injection of low-molecular-weight heparin. Results The BMI, proportion of patients who underwent compression after injection of low-molecular-weight heparin, and subcutaneous fat thickness of patients in the subcutaneous hemorrhage group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with statistical significance(P

Objective To investigate the value of permissive hypocaloric nutrition support in the treatment of elderly critically ill patients. Methods A total of 126 eligible elderly critically ill patients admitted to Xijing Hospital from January to June 2018 were selected as the study subjects.They were divided into standard calorie group,test group A and test group B according to a random number table,42 cases for each group.Patients started early nutritional support within 24 to 48 h of admission.After 7 days,the caloric intake increased to 30 kcal/(kg·d) in the standard calorie group,15 kcal/(kg·d) in test group A,and 9 kcal/(kg·d) in test group B.Nutrition-related parameters(albumin,prealbumin,and nitrogen balance),acute gastrointestinal injury(AGI) grade,sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA) score,complications, and clinical outcomes were compared between the groups. Results After treatment,the nutritional indexes of test group A and test group B were higher than those of standard calorie group(P

[Introduction] In order to analyze the influence of atmospheric stability on the output of wind turbines, and to provide technical reference for improving the simulation accuracy of CFD wind energy resources. [Method] Based on the observation data of different heights of two wind towers in flat and complex mountainous terrain, including wind speed, air temperature, air pressure and other data of multi-layer height, the atmospheric stability of the two wind towers in the region was calculated by using the Moning-Obkhov length method, and the stability calculation results were classified according to Irwin atmospheric stability classification standard. [Result] The results show that: in the near surface layer, the vertical mixing effect caused by the atmospheric thermal effect in complex mountain area is more obvious, and the atmospheric instability is stronger, but the vertical mixing effect is not sufficient; The impact of atmospheric stability on wind turbine output in complex mountainous area is greater than that in flat terrain, and its uncertainty is higher. The reason largely depends on the complexity of atmospheric stability, so it is more necessary to consider the impact of atmospheric stability in wind energy resource assessment. [Conclusion] It is necessary to consider the influence of atmospheric stability in CFD wind farm fluid modeling, especially under the condition of ultra-low wind speed complex mountain site, the evaluation of atmospheric stability is particularly important for fan selection and power generation simulation accuracy.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and antibody distribution as well as evaluate the transfusion efficacy in unexpected antibody positive patients. Methods A total of 12 235 patients from January 1, 2022 to March 31, 2023 who hospitalized in our hospital and applied for blood transfusion were selected, and those with unexpected antibody were included. The clinical data, including gender, age, diagnosis, blood type, history of transfusion and pregnancy were collected for antibody distribution analysis. Patients who received transfusion were grouped according to the DAT results and the components of red blood cells transfused, and the Hb values of each group before and after transfusion were compared. Results Among12 235 patients, 118 were positive for antibody screening, with a prevalence of 0.96%. The antibodies from Rh system were the most common (27.43%, 48/175), followed by MNS system (8.57%, 15/175) and Lewis system (6.29%, 11/175), mainly anti-E (18.29%, 32/175), anti-M (8.00%, 14/175) and anti-Lea (5.71%, 10/175). In addition, 62 transfused patients were divided into group A with suspended red blood cell transfusion and group B with washed red blood cell transfusion for positive DAT, and group C for negative DAT. Hb values (g/L) pre- and post-transfusion were 59.19±15.67 vs 77.52±15.09 in group A, 56.35±14.08 vs 74.44±15.63 in group B, 56.00±12.06 vs 75.00±4.73 in group C, respectively. The Hb values of post-transfusion for three groups were all higher than those of pre-transfusion (P

Objective To explore the risk of Alzheimer′s disease (AD) transmitted by blood transfusion. Methods There were 10 APP/PS1 mice of 3, 6 and 9 months old, half female and half male, and the cognitive and behavioral abilities of C57 mice of the same age were measured, and the blood of the oldest APP/PS1 mice with no behavioral changes were collected to detect the contents of Aβ40 and Aβ42. The polymers Aβ40 and Aβ42 were prepared and Western blotting analysis was conducted. Kunming mice aged from 6 to 7 months were randomly divided into 6 groups (10 mice/ group, half male and half female). The blood of APP/PS1 mice was injected intravenously in experimental group 1-2(100 μL/mouse) with high frequency injection (3 times/week) and low frequency injection (1 time/week), respectively. In experimental group 3-4, Aβ40 and Aβ42 polymerized mixture (100 μL/mouse) were injected in high frequency and low frequency, respectively. The control group 1-2 was injected with the same amount of normal saline, with high frequency and low frequency, respectively. The above groups were injected for 4 weeks, and the cognitive and behavioral abilities were tested and analyzed one week after injection. Finally, the contents of Aβ40 and Aβ42 in blood of Kunming mice were detected. Results Change in cognitive and behavioral ability showed in 9 months old APP/PS1 mice, but not in 3 and 6 months old APP/PS1 mice. The contents of Aβ40 and Aβ42 (pg/mL) in blood of 6-7 months old APP/PS1 mice were 418.40±2.18 and 15.68±0.20, respectively. Except for monomers, most of the polymerized mixtures of Aβ40 and Aβ42 were dimers and trimers. In both high frequency and low frequency, Kunming mice transfused with blood of APP/PS1 mice (experimental group 1-2) showed a certain degree of anxiety-like behavior and short-term memory shortening in open-field test and conditioned fear test, but without significant difference. There was no significant difference in open field test, new object recognition, Barnes maze and cognitive behavior analysis of conditioned fear between experimental group 3-4 and the control group. The levels of blood Aβ40 and Aβ42(pg/mL) of Kunming mice detected by ELISA were 10.30±0.08 and 3.360±0.005, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion Blood transfusion of APP/PS1 mice and the mixture of Aβ40 and Aβ42 have no significant effect on the cognitive function of healthy Kunming mice in a short time, and the risk of AD transmission is relatively low.

Based on the hail data of the China Meteorological Administration, the spatial and temporal distributions of hail disaster eents in China during 2010-2020 are studied by using the statistical method and GIS technology. The result is shown below. (1) The number of stations and the days of hails in China increase, while the number of severe hails decreases during 2010-2020. (2) The seasonal change is significant for the number of stations and the days of hails with the maximum in summer and the minimum in winter. In terms of monthly variation, hail occurs most often in June and least often in November. In southwest and central China, the monthly variation of the number of stations and the days of hails is bimodal. The monthly distribution of severe hail is similar to that of hail, but it occurs least often in December. The severe hail occurs most frequently in southwest China. (3) For diurnal variation, hail or severe hail mainly occurrs from afternoon to evening. The peak appears 1-hour later in northwest China than in other areas. (4) In terms of spatial distribution, the number of stations and the days of hail or severe disaster in Northwest, Southwest, and North China are significantly higher than those in the other regions, and the proportion of severe hail in Northeast and South China is higher than that in the other regions. The annual average days of hail or severe hail are distributed in multi-zone bands, and the multi-hail area extends along the mountains, with the largest value located in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, followed by the mountains of Qinling, Yinshan, Daxing 'anling, and Tianshan. In addition, the low-incidence area of eastern China in spring has become a high-incidence area of hail. (5)From the elevation distribution, hail is most likely to occur at the altitude of 1.5-2 km, and severe hail is most likely to occur at the altitude of 1-1.5 km. In winter, hail is mainly below 2 km. With the rise of temperature, hail gradually increases in the high-altitude areas, and the proportion of hailstones in the high-altitude areas reaches the maximum in September.

The deformation and failure characteristics of coal around gas drainage boreholes in deep soft and low permeability coal seams affect coal seam gas pre-drainage. Based on the condition of non-uniform stress field, the mechanical model of borehole disturbed coal mass was developed, the analytical solutions of stress, strain and displacement in the damaged zone, plastic zone and elastic zone of borehole disturbed coal mass were deduced, the influence law of factors such as lateral pressure coefficient, load condition, cohesion and hole expanding behavior on the “three zone” distribution of disturbed coal mass were analyzed, and the reliability of the theoretical model was verified through engineering examples. The results show that under the condition of non-uniform stress field, the plastic zone and damaged zone of disturbed coal mass are elliptical distribution. With the increase of lateral pressure coefficient, the length of the upper and lower wings of the plastic zone and damaged zone of disturbed coal mass becomes larger and larger, and the radius of the plastic zone and damaged zone in the direction of smaller stress is greater than the radius of the two zones in the direction of large stress. The radius of plastic zone and damaged zone of coal mass increases with the increase of vertical load, and decreases with the increase of initial cohesion and residual cohesion. The influence of vertical load on its shape can be ignored. When the borehole diameter is expanded from 0.1 m to 0.5 m, the coal mass 0−1.0 m away from the borehole center produces a strong disturbance, the coal mass 1.0−4.6 m produces a weak disturbance, and the coal mass after 4.6 m has almost no influence. Through the field example of No.16032 bottom pumping roadway hydraulic reaming in the Guhanshan coal mine, it is observed that the disturbed coal mass in the reaming section has a high degree of damage. Based on the coal output, the reaming diameter is deduced to be 1.5 m, and then the deformation and damage characteristics of drilling reaming coal mass are obtained through theoretical calculation and numerical simulation respectively. The two are in good agreement, so as to verify the reliability of the theoretical model.

Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology can perform non-destructive, rapid and quantitative measurement and characterization of various hydrogen-containing fluids in the reservoir, but is limited by the acquisition methods and parameters of NMR equipment. In the detection of samples with ultra-fast relaxation components such as organic matter and asphalt, the problem of missing or inaccurate fluid components in two-dimensional spectrum due to incomplete signal acquisition often occurs. In this paper, a high-precision inversion method of T2-T1 two-dimensional spectrum based on ultrafast relaxation component compensation technology is proposed. This method extends the one-dimensional NMR front-end signal compensation technology. By compensating the components of the echo data before the inversion of two-dimensional NMR data, the problem of signal leakage at the front end of two-dimensional NMR logging can be effectively solved. The application of experiments and logging data shows that this method can obtain more accurate and complete reservoir information in shale oil and other reservoirs rich in signals of fast relaxation components.

Objective: To explore the immune mechanism of syphilitic sero-fixation by measuring the expression levels of serum IL-17 and IL-21 in syphilis patients with positive serological test. Methods: Subjects included syphilitic sero-fixation, syphilis with Toluidine red unheated serum test (TRUST) negative, early syphilis, and normal healthy controls, 30 subjects per groups. Serum concentrations of IL-17 and IL-21 were measured by ELISA, while TRUST titers were measured with TRUST kit. The differences in serum IL-17 and IL-21 levels were compared among four groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between TRUST titers and IL-17 and IL-21 levels. Results: The serum levels of IL-17 [(25.43±4.58) pg/mL]and IL-21[(36.14±6.54) pg/mL] in early syphilis group were significantly higher than that in the other three groups (P0.05). The serum levels of IL-17 and IL-21 were correlated positively with TRUST titers in the early syphilis patients (r=0.75, 0.62, respectively, both P0.05). Conclusions: Both IL-17 and IL-21 are involved in the syphilis immune process in early syphilis. The formation of syphilitic sero-fixation could be associated with decreased serum levels of IL-17 and IL-21, but not TRUST titers.

Objective: To investigate whether the Arg677Trp and Arg753Gln polymorphisms in the intracellular signaling region of TLR2 are linked to post-treatment serological test positive in syphilis patients. Methods: PCR-RFLP was used to detect TLR2 Arg677Trp and Arg753Gln polymorphisms in 100 syphilis patients with sero-fixation (group 1), 50 patients with TPPA positive while TRUST negative after syphilis treatment (group 2), and 100 healthy controls. DNA sequencing was used to confirm the diagnosis in case of diagnostic uncertainty. Results: TLR2 Arg677Trp polymorphism was not detected in any of the samples. While only one patient in group 1(1%) displayed TLR2 Arg753Gln polymorphism, proportion of patients with TLR2 Arg753Gln polymorphism was significantly higher in group 2 than in the controls (6/50 vs. 0, χ2=12.50, P

Background and objective Precious studies proven that aberrant tyrosine phosphorylation has linked with cancer. The aim of this work is to study the expression and significance of SHP2 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through tissue microarray technique and immunohistochemical method. Methods Eighty NSCLC specimens were constructed into tissue microarray and performed using immunohistochemistry. Results The total positive rates of SHP2 were 70.7% (56/80) in NSCLC, 72.5% (29/40) in squamous cell carcinoma and 75% (27/40) in adenocarcinoma, which was not significant difference in sex, age, the size of tumor, histology, clinical stages and differentiation (P>0.05), the positive rates of SHP2 were significantly higher in the cases with lymphnode metastasis than those without (P < 0.05). Conclusion The expression rate of SHP2 is high and closely correlated to lymphnode metastasis in NSCLC, which implies the occurrence and development of lung cancer may be related to SHP2, and SHP2 may be a new marker and therapeutic targets for lung cancer.

In order to clarify the mechanism underlying the regulatory effect of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) on the color stability of Tan sheep meat during postmortem storage, the M. longissimus dorsi of 6-month-old Tan sheep was stored at 4 ℃ after slaughter and evaluated for the activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after 0, 4 and 8 days. Proteomics based on isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) was used to study protein expression in Tan sheep meat at different storage times. The results showed that during 0–8 days of storage, the activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes showed a decreasing trend (P < 0.05), and the ROS content significantly increased with storage time (P < 0.05). Eight differentially expressed proteins were identified as the core proteins affecting the color stability of Tan sheep meat, namely ATP synthase F1 subunit alpha (ATP5A1), ATP synthase peripheral stalk subunit OSCP (ATP5O), ATP synthase peripheral stalk subunit D (ATP5H), cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (COX2), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A (COX5A), succinate dehydrogenase complex iron sulfur subunit B (SDHB), ADP/ATP translocase 1 (SLC25A4), and cytochrome c (CYCS). These proteins affected the color stability of Tan sheep meat mainly through the energy metabolism and redox processes. These results indicated that the loss of the activity of antioxidant enzymes in Tan sheep meat during postmortem storage caused the accumulation of ROS, which led to the destruction of the mitochondrial integrity of muscle cells and aberrant gene expression of complex subunits such as ATP5A1, ATP5O, ATP5H, COX2, COX5A, SDHB, SLC25A4 and CYCS in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway, thus contributing to changes in the structure and function of mitochondrial complexes and blockage of the oxidative phosphorylation process, and ultimately affecting the color stability of Tan sheep meat.

Postharvest preservation of edible fungi is crucial for promoting the healthy development of the edible fungi industry. To systematically review the development history of research on postharvest preservation of edible fungi and to predict future trends, this paper used bibliometric methods to analyzes 421 pieces of relevant literature published in the Web of Science database between 2000 and the first three quarter of 2022 in terms of literature publishing, research collaboration, key authors, important literature, literature citations, and keywords. CiteSpace software was used for visual analysis. The results indicated that the amount and citations of literature on the preservation of edible fungi had steadily increased since 2000, with a trend of rapid growth since 2015 until the third quarter of 2022. Chinese research institutions and authors had significant impact in this field, who had participated in international collaboration most extensively and produced the most research achievements. The analysis of literature citations and keywords revealed that the frontier hotspots in this field were cell wall metabolism, energy metabolism, and active packaging research. The direction of energy metabolism was particularly noteworthy. Maintaining normal cell energy metabolism and antioxidant activity is essential for edible fungi to resist postharvest deterioration. Therefore, exploring new preservation technologies and elucidating their molecular mechanisms will be an important research direction in the future.

In this study, the Longissimus dorsi muscle of Qinchuan beef stored at 4 ℃ after slaughter was determined for its quality indicators, energy level and proteasome activity. Meanwhile, differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) associated with proteasomes were identified. Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze the response mechanism of proteasomes to the quality and energy metabolism of postmortem beef. The results showed that pH decreased and then increased with increasing storage time, b* and myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI) increased, L*, a*, centrifugal loss, cooking loss and shear force increased first and then decreased, the contents of the basic energy substances ATP, ADP and AMP decreased, and the relative activity of the 20S proteasome decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The correlation analysis showed that the activity of the 20S proteasome was significantly negatively correlated with b* (P < 0.05), positively correlated with ADP content (P < 0.05), positively correlated with AMP content (P < 0.01), and negatively correlated with MFI (P < 0.01), indicating a close relationship between proteasome activity and energy metabolism as well as beef quality. Using 4D label-free quantitative (LFQ) proteomics, eight differentially expressed proteasome subunits and 27 DEPs were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) annotation analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis revealed that these proteasome subunits and related DEPs had molecular functions such as endopeptidase activity, actin binding, microfilament motor activity, and were involved in biological processes such as ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic metabolism, skeletal muscle contraction, muscle contraction, and glycolysis, thus causing changes in the quality of Qinchuan beef. During the early postmortem period, the proteasomes regulated the biological pathways by consuming energy substances to catabolize proteins, and during the later period, when the energy substances were depleted, the proteasomes catabolized proteins in postmortem beef through the energy provided by glycolysis and non-ATP-dependent proteasome subunits, which eventually affected the quality of Qinchuan beef.

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum leptin level and body mass index (BMI) in infants with cyanosis congenital heart disease, and the relationship between leptin and Ob gene receptor (Ob-R) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) in myocardium. Methods A total of 52 children under 6 months of age with congenital heart disease who underwent surgical treatment in the Department of Congenital Heart Surgery, Fuwai Hospital from January 2019 to October 2020 were included in this study. According to the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) of 90 mmHg, they were divided into cyanotic group (n=30) and acyanotic group (n=22). Their height and weight were collected to calculate BMI. The serum leptin level was measured by ELISA. The expressions of HIF-1α and Ob-R in myocardial tissue were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. In animal model, SD rats were divided into normoxia group and hypoxia intervention group, which were subjected to continuous hypoxia (10% O2) for 4 weeks. The hypoxia intervention group received intraperitoneal injection of HIF-1α inhibitor digoxin (2 mg/kg) daily from the 14 th to 21st day of hypoxia, respectively. The body weight of rats was recorded, and the expressions of HIF-1α and Ob-R were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Results Compared with the acyanosis group, the cyanosis group had a significantly lower BMI (P＜0.05) and a lower leptin/BMI ratio (leptin /BMI) (P＜0.05). Spearman correlation analysis confirmed that serum leptin in the circulatory system was positively correlated with BMI (P＜0.05). In the cyanosis group, the expression of Ob-R increased with the upregulation of HIF-1α,showing a positive correlation. In animal model, with the down-regulation of HIF-1α expression in digoxin injection, the Ob-R level was significantly lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05), the trend of weight loss was significantly inhibited(P＜0.05). The right ventricular hypertrophy index was significantly lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusions HIF-1α regulates the expression of Ob-R in myocardial tissue, and the mechanism of its association with leptin and Ob-R may help to find new therapeutic target for improving the prognosis of infants with congenital heart disease.

Background Previous studies on the benefits of aerobic exercise mainly focus on the impact of aerobic exercise on long-term cardiovascular health and outcomes, namely regular aerobic exercise can improve arterial stiffness, while some studies point out that high blood sugar increases arterial stiffness. Objective To investigate the immediate effect of aerobic exercise on arterial stiffness in people with different blood glucose levels. Methods This study selected individuals who had participated in the 6th follow-up physical examination of the Kailuan Study during 2018—2020 and participated in the 5th national physical fitness surveillance in 2020 and completed their brachial-ankle pulse wave conduction velocity (baPWV) measured before and after the secondary load test of the power vehicle bicycle in four subordinate enterprises of Kailuan Group. Epidemiological survey result were collected: general information (age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, history of antihypertensive drugs, etc.) , anthropometric indicators〔systolic blood pressure (SBP) , diastolic blood pressure (DBP) , etc.〕and biochemical indicators (fasting blood glucose, etc.) . baPWV measured in the secondary load test of the power vehicle bicycle (used as the aerobic exercise) was used as an indicator of upper and lower limb arterial stiffness. baPWV-related indicators〔SBP, DBP, mean arterial pressure (MAP) , heart rate (HR) , baPWV, metabolic equivalent (MET) , maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) , etc.〕before and after the test were expressed using a unified form, for example, pre- and post-test baPWV were recorded as baPWV1 and baPWV2, respectively, and its pre- and post-test difference was denoted as ?baPWV. The epidemiological survey result and BAPWV-related data were compared between fasting blood glucose (FBG) quartile groups〔Q1 (n=220) :

Background Sleep duration is strongly associated with hypertension, but its effect on H-type hypertension in female population is not well characterized. Objective The examine the effect of sleep duration on the prevalence of H-type hypertension in female population. Methods A cross-sectional study design was used. One thousand seven hundred and nine female hypertensive inpatients were selected from Department of General Medicine and Geriatric Department of Hunan Provincial People's Hospital from July 2018 to December 2020, among whom those who with serum Hcy≥10 μmol/L and the others were assigned into H-type hypertension and non-H-type hypertension groups, respectively. Binary Logistic regression was used to assess the correlation of between sleep duration and H-type hypertension across three groups with different self-reported mean daily sleep durations in the past month (8 h) , and to further assess the correlation between the two across by age (≤60 and >60) . Results The distribution of age, education level and marital status differed across three groups with different daily sleep durations (P8 h. The distribution of age, education level, living area (urban or rural) , marital status, BMI, exercise status, and daily sleep duration, as well as prevalence of drinking between H-type hypertension group〔973 (56.93%) 〕 and non-H-type hypertension group〔736 (43.07%) 〕 (P

Objective To explore the role of miR-499 targeting TGF-α mRNA protein in regulating the migration and apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cell line Saos2 and its pathogenesis. Methods The expression differences of miR-499 and TGF-α in osteosarcoma tissues were detected by RT-qPCR. Double luciferase reporter gene assay was used to detect the targeting relationship between miR-499 and TGF-α. Transwell cell assay and TUNEL apoptosis assay were used to detect the migration and apoptosis of Saos2 cells. A nude mouse xenograft model of osteosarcoma was constructed to detect the regulatory mechanism of miR-499/TGF-α axis in vivo. Results In osteosarcoma, miR-499 expression was decreased (P＜0.01) but TGF-α mRNA expression was increased(P＜0.01). miR-499 negatively regulated TGF-α mRNA protein expression (P＜0.01). Transfection of miR-499 simulacrum inhibited the migration and promoted apoptosis of Saos2 cells (P＜0.01), while TGF-α promoted the migration and inhibited apoptosis of Saos2 cells (P＜0.01). miR-499 inhibited the carcinogenic effect of TGF-α. Conclusions miR-499 inhibits the biological function of osteosarcoma cell line Saos2 by inhibiting at TGF-α mRNA protein level which suggests that miR-499 may inhibit the development of osteosarcoma.

The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to severely impact healthcare systems around the world, and patients with cancer are even worse affected owing to compromised immune status and greater exposure risk. In the present review, we retrieved the relevant literature including guidelines and consensuses directly related to the purpose of this study from the PubMed database, and then summarized the research data on cancer and COVID-19, aiming to discuss the personal protection, systemic anti-cancer therapy, outcome of co-infection, and the clinical management strategy in this population. We found that patients with malignant tumors had a higher chance of suffering COVID-19, co-infection of whom had an even worse clinical prognosis, especially for those with lung cancer or hematologic cancers. Systemic chemotherapy may delay the clearance of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus of human body, and thus have a negative impact on the clinical outcomes of COVID-19, while certain endocrine therapy and targeted drugs having limited or no impact. There has been no sufficient evidence for the impact of immune checkpoint therapy on the outcomes of COVID-19 till now. It is of great value to strengthen the personal protection of patients, adjust the anti-tumor treatments rationally and optimize the clinical management processes.

Objective To develop a simple chromatography purification process of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 58 L1 virus-like particle (VLP) produced by insect cells baculovirus expression vector system (IBEVS). Methods A previously constructed mutant of HPV-58 L1 with a high expression level in insect baculovirus system were used to prepare the cell lysates.The L1 containing sample was used for the establishment of optimal protein purification process which consisting of an initial process of ammonium sulfate precipitation (ASP) and two polishing chromatography purifications. Purified L1 protein was dialyzed for VLP reassembly and the resultant VLPs were characterized physicochemically and their immunogenicity was then analyzed in mice. Results L1 protein was purified by 30% ASP with good purity (9.34%) and recovery (72%). When bound to anion exchange resin and eluted by 300 mmol/L NaCl-contained buffer, the L1 protein was further purified with ＞90% of recovery and 13.6% of purity. The resultant L1 protein mainly flowed through the ceramic hydroxyapatite column with a recovery of ＞80% and purity was over 99.1% by HCP analysis. With the three-step purification, the total recovery of L1 was about 55.7% and the yield was 57-65 mg/L. Purified L1 proteins self-assembled into homogenous VLPs with an average diameter of 55 nm as proved by TEM and DLS, and these VLPs induced high titer of neutralizing antibodies, comparable to that of VLPs purified by ultracentrifugation. Conclusions The chromatography process for producing HPV-58 L1 VLPs showed good purity, yield, and immunogenicity and is believed to be a time-saving, easy-performing, fully scalable, and low-cost method. It may be used to produce low-cost and multivalent HPV VLP vaccine by IBEVS.

Objective To analyze the effect of SLC4A10 expression on the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)by bioinformatics, and to confirm its expression in HCC tissue and normal tissue. Methods The expression of SLC4A10 in HCC and in normal tissues was analyzed by TCGA database, and verified by real-time quantitative PCR. Kaplan-Meier(K-M) curve was applied to assess survival profile . Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was applied to address the influence of independent factors on overall survival(OS)and disease free survival (DFS). PPI database was used to construct protein interaction network and function enrichment analysis was used to explore the regulatory mechanism of SLC4A10 in HCC. Results Significantly decreased transcriptional SLC4A10 expression was found in HCC samples. Decreased SLC4A10 mRNA expression was significantly associated with advanced pathological parameters and with shorter OS and DFS in TCGA cohorts. Functional annotations indicated that SLC4A10 was involved in the most significant hallmarks including transepithelial transport, cell volume homeostasis and sodium ion import across plasma membrane. Conclusions The decreased SLC4A10 expression is significantly correlated with aggressive progression and poor survival of HCC patients. These data suggest that SLC4A10 may act as a promising prognostic marker or therapeutic target in HCC.

Objective To identify the pathogenic variant in a Chinese family with X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA). Methods A trio family with suspected X-linked agammaglobulinemia was recruited. The pathogenic variant was detected by the whole exome sequencing, and then confirmed by Sanger sequencing. cDNA sequencing was performed to find the abnormal splicing of the BTK variant. Quantitative real-time PCR was conducted to evaluate the mRNA expression of BTK in the patient. Results A novel hemizygous splicing variant (c.240+3A＞C) was identified in the BTK gene from this patient. The variant co-segregated with the phenotype of the family members was not listed in the public databases, such as dbSNP153,ExAC, gnomAD or the Human Gene Mutation Database. Further Sanger sequencing demonstrated that the BTK c.240+3A＞C variant led to a 106 bp from intron 3 of BTK insertion between exon 3 and exon 4 of the BTK transcript. The mRNA expression of BTK in the patient was significantly reduced as compared to a control individual. Conclusions The novel c.240+3A＞C splicing variant in BTK likely results in X-linked agammaglobulinemia in this family.

Objective To investigate the application and influence factors of revisional surgery after breast reconstruction in breast cancer patients in China. Methods It is a cross-section national study by distributing questionnaires to 110 hospitals with more than 200 annual breast cancer surgeries each. The questionnaire included questions concerning the application, operative programme, influence factors and complications of revisional surgery including nipple reconstruction, fat grafting and symmetric surgery. Results A total of 96 (87.3%) in 110 hospitals had breast reconstruction and 87 (79.1%) hospitals with revisonal surgery. There was nipple reconstruction in 55 (50.0%) hospitals, fat grafting in 41 (37.3%) hospitals and symmetric surgery in 64 (58.2%) hospitals. Two types of revisonal surgery were performed in 31 (28.2%) hospitals and three types in 21 (19.1%) hospitals. The application of revisonal surgery did not have relationship significantly with local economy. There were more cases with nipple reconstruction (P=0.01) and symmetric surgery (P

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion (AIS ⁃ LVO) caused by carotid artery dissection (CAD). Methods From July 2018 to July 2019, 19 patients with AIS ⁃ LVO caused by CAD, including 11 cases of internal carotid artery (ICA) dissection and 8 cases of vertebral artery (VA) dissection, were treated with EVT (including thrombus aspiration, stent thrombectomy, balloon dilatation and stent implantation). Modified Thrombdy in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) was to evaluate vascular recanalization, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was to evaluate the prognosis. Results The forward blood flow of 15 patients recovered to mTICI grade 3 (complete recanalization), and 4 patients recovered to mTICI grade 2b (partial recanalization). Patients with postoperative complications were: one case of death caused by cerebral hernia, one case of cerebral edema due to a large cerebral infarction, one case had a small amount of cerebral hemorrhage, one case of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Seventeen patients had good prognosis at discharge (mRS score ≤ 2), one case had a poor prognosis (mRS score 4), and one case died. Conclusions Patients with AIS ⁃ LVO caused by CAD were assessed and treated with EVT, and the effect of recanalization of occlusive vessels is obvious, and the clinical prognosis is good. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.05.009

Objective To investigate the occurrence rate and related risk factors for post-stroke emotional incontinence (PSEI). Methods The clinical data [sex, age, body mass index (BMI), education, marital status, medical history (hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, hyperlipemia, smoking and drinking) and family history of stroke] of 162 stroke patients were recorded. Serum homocysteine (Hcy) level was examined. Head CT and/or MRI were used to indicate stroke subtype, site of lesion and number of lesion. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-Ⅴ) Chinese version and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 Items (HAMD-17) were used to evaluate the degree of depression. House diagnostic standard was used to diagnose PSEI. Univariate and multivariate backward Logistic regression analysis was used to screen related risk factor for PSEI. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to discuss the correlation between PSEI and post-stroke depression (PSD). Results Among 162 stroke patients, 12 cases were diagnosed as PSEI (7.41% ). The ratio of age < 60 years in PSEI group was significantly higher than non-PSEI group (P = 0.045). The ratio of smoking in PSEI group was significantly lower than non-PSEI group (P = 0.036). Univariate and multivariate backward Logistic regression analysis showed age < 60 years was independent risk factor for PSEI (OR = 4.000, 95%CI: 1.149-13.924; P = 0.029). Ten cases were combined with PSD in 12 PSEI patients, and the co-morbidity rate of PSEI and PSD was83.33%. Spearman rank correlation analysis showed PSEI was positively related to PSD (rs = 0.305, P = 0.000). Conclusions PSEI is common affective disorder in stroke patients, which easily happens in patients under 60 years of age. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2017.12.010

Neuromuscular diseases refer to a group of diseases mainly involving peripheral nerve, neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and muscle. Except for the traditional clinical diagnosis, such as serological tests, neuroelectrophysiological study and pathological diagnosis, multilevel detection technologies, including clinical, neuroimaging study, cell and molecular biology, are widely used in the diagnosis of neuromuscular diseases. It is necessary to realize the standardization and systematization of the management of clinical and biological resources in the study of neuromuscular diseases. This paper reviews the establishment, management and application of clinical biobanks, so as to promote the research of neuromuscular diseases. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2016.10.003

Huntington's disease (HD) is a kind of inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by movement problems, cognitive decline and psychiatry disturbance. HD is caused by mutation in gene IT ⁃15 involving the expansion of a trinucleotide (CAG) repeat encoding glutamine, which leads to abnormal conformation of huntingtin (Htt) protein and finally emerge cytotoxic functions. Currently, HD remains a fatal untreatable disease. Gene therapy for HD discussed in this review is under preclinical studies. Silencing of mutant IT ⁃15 via RNA interference (RNAi) or antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) has shown some effectiveness in mouse model studies. Increasing the clearance of mutant Htt protein could be achieved by viral⁃mediated delivery of anti⁃Htt intrabodies (iAbs) or induction of autophagy, and beneficial results have been observed. Ectopic expression of neurotrophic factors, such as nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain ⁃ derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), mediated either by viral vectors or transplantation of genetically modified cells, has also been proved to be effective. Other gene⁃modifying methods aiming at correction of transcriptional dysregulation by histone modification, activation of endogenous neural stem cells, and normalization of calcium signaling and mitochondrial function, are also under intensive research. Gene therapy for Huntington's disease is promising, yet a long way remains from preclinical studies to clinical trials. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2012.03.003

Metabolic bone disease of prematurity (MBDP) is a systemic bone disease with a reduction in bone mineral content due to disorder of calcium and phosphorus metabolism. There is still a lack of in-depth research and systematic understanding of MBDP in China, and there are many irregularities in clinical management of this disease. Based on relevant studies in China and overseas, Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation was used to develop the expert consensus on the clinical management of MBDP, which provides recommendations from the following five aspects: high-risk factors, screening/diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and post-discharge follow-up of MBDP, so as to provide relevant practitioners with recommendations on the clinical management of MBDP to reduce the incidence rate of MBDP and improve its short- and long-term prognosis.

This study aimed to explore the optimal indications and mechanism of Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis(UR)-Eucommiae Cortex(EC) in lowering blood pressure based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Chemical constituents were collected and screened by TCMSP database. Swiss Target Prediction platform was used to predict the related targets of the drug. OMIM, TCMIP and GeneCards databases were used to collect hypertension-related genes, and the intersections were taken to obtain potential targets for anti-hypertensive treatment of UR-EC. FunRich software was used to enrich the clinical phenotype and expression site of potential target of lowering blood pressure to analyze and predict the optimal indications of UR-EC. STRING database was used for KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, and Cytoscape 3.7.2 was used to construct the network of &quot;composition-target-pathway&quot;. The key targets and their corresponding components in the network were analyzed and obtained, and then molecular docking was applied for preliminary verification. Twenty potential active components of UR and 24 potential active components of EC were respectively collected, and 92 anti-hypertensive potential targets of UR-EC were obtained. According to FunRich enrichment results, the optimal indication of UR-EC was pregnancy hypertension, which involved calcium signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, neuroactive ligand receptor interaction, renin vascular tightening, VEGF signaling pathway, etc. In addition, AKT1, NOS2, ADRB2, F2, NOS3, SCN5 A, HTR2 A and JAK2 were considered as the key targets in the network. The molecular docking results showed that the screened potential active components had high binding activity with the key targets. This study preliminarily revealed that UR-EC may have therapeutic effects on pregnancy hypertension in terms of sedation, anti-hypertension, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, improvement of vascular endothelial function and so on.

Objective: To understand the spatial distribution characteristics of wild feces in schistosomiasis endemic areas of Jiangling County, Hubei Province and further explore the source of infection efficiently, so as to provide the evidence for the development of corresponding monitoring and response technology., Methods: In 2011, the fresh wild feces were investigated every two months in the selected 15 villages by the severity of historical endemic in Jiangling County. The schistosome miracidium hatching method was used to test the schistosome infection of the wild feces. The descriptive analysis and spatial analysis were used for the description of the spatial distribution of the wild feces., Results: Totally 701 wild feces samples were collected with the average density of 0.055 6/100 m 2 , and the positive rate of the wild feces was 11.70% (82/701). The results of the regression analysis showed a positive spatial correlation between the positive rate of wild feces and the rate of human infection, the area with infected Oncomelania hupensis and the number of fenced cattle, and the corrected R 2 of the model was 0.58., Conclusions: The infection rate of wild feces is positively correlated with the rate of human infection, area with infected O. hupensis and number of fenced cattle in space in Jiangling County, so the prevention and control measures could be conducted according to the spatial distribution of the positive wild feces.

Objective: To implement a two-level community-based health education pattern of schistosomiasis in residents of endemic areas in marshland and lake regions, so as to explore the suitable pattern of health education under hypo-endemic situation., Methods: Two schistosomiasis endemic villages in Jiangling County, Hubei Province were collected as study areas, and among which, one village was treated as an intervention group, where the two-level community-based health education pattern as well as regular control measures was implemented; the other village was a control group, where only regular control measures were implemented. The awareness rates on schistosomiasis control, the rates of correct behavior and the compliance rates of examination, treatment and chemotherapy of the two groups before and after the intervention were compared., Results: According to the results of the baseline survey in 2014, the awareness rates of schistosomiasis control of the intervention and control groups were 84.00% and 77.45%, respectively, the correct rates of behavior of the two groups were 72.00% and 63.73%, respectively, and the compliance rates of the treatment were 80.36% and 82.28%, respectively, there were no statistically significant differences between all the above rates of the two groups (all P > 0.05). After the intervention of the two-level community-based health education, the correct rates of behavior, and the compliance rates of examination and chemotherapy of the two groups were 92.31% and 80.37%, 95.11% and 82.55%, 84.13% and 63.64%, respectively, and the differences between all the rates above of the two groups were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). When compared to those before intervention, the growing rates of the compliance rates of examination, treatment and chemotherapy of the intervention group were 20.97%, 15.33% and 23.29%, respectively, while those of control group were 14.27%, 4.17%, -3.77%, respectively, the growing rates of the intervention groups were higher than those of the control groups., Conclusions: Through the two-level community-based pattern of health education, the compliance rates of examination and treatment of the residents have improved, and therefore, the pattern is suitable for popularization and application in marshland and lake regions.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Trichophyton rubrum exposure on the expressions of toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2), TLR-4 and dendritic cell associated C-type lectin-1 (Dectin-1) and cytokine secretions in human keratinocytes cell line HaCaT., Methods: The mRNA of TLR-2,4, and dectin-1 in the HaCaT co-cultured with the conidia of Trichophyton rubrum conidia for 24 h was measured with real-time PCR. The mean fluorescence intensity and the percentage of cells positive for TLR-2, 4, and dectin-1 was detected during the co-culture using flow cytometry. The cytokine secretion profiles in the cell culture supernatant was analyzed using a cytokine antibody array., Results: The TLR-2,4, and dectin-1 mRNA expressions, mean fluorescence intensity and percentage of positive cells for TLR-2,4, and dectin-1 all increased in HaCaT cells in response to Trichophyton rubrum conidia exposure. The results of cytokine antibody array demonstrated obviously increased secretions of IL-8, I-309, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-13 in the culture supernatant of HaCaT cells in response to Trichophyton rubrum exposure., Conclusion: The immune responses and immunological recognition of human keratinocytes to Trichophyton rubrum conidia are partially mediated by up-regulating the expressions of TLR-2, TLR-4 and dectin-1 and secretions of multiple cytokines.