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An analytical method was developed for the determination of total residues of ribavirin and its phosphorylated metabolites in chicken and its products by hydrophilic interaction chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile containing 1% (v/v) acetic acid under ultrasonic condition and then enzymatically hydrolysed with acid phosphatase at 37 degrees C. After liposoluble substances being removed with hexane, C18 and PSA dispersion solid phase extraction (DSPE) was introduced to cleanup procedures. The separation was performed on an ultra-performance hydrophilic interaction chromatographic (HILIC) amide column under a gradient elution using acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid. The analytes were detected in the positive electrospray ionization and multi-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. In the range of 1-200 microg/kg, the correlation coefficient was greater than 0.999. The limit of detection (LOD, S/N > or = 3) was 1 microg/kg and the limit of quantification (LOQ, S/N > or = 10) was 5 microg/kg. The recoveries of ribavirin spiked at three levels ranged from 67.8% to 112.7% with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 6.1%-13.6%. The results of the determination of ribavirin in various real samples showed that the method is simple, rapid, accurate and suitable for the determination of total residues of ribavirin and its metabolites in chicken and its products.

A method for the determination of ribavirin and amantadine in chicken has been developed by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/ MS). After extracted by 1% (volume percentage) trichloroacetic acid solution-acetonitrile (1:1, v/v) and purified by a Supelco LC-SCX cartridge, the samples were loaded onto an Acquity UPLC BEH Hillic column (150 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.7 microm) and separated with gradient elution. The electrospray was operated in the positive mode and the samples were monitored by the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The limits of quantification (LOQs, S/N = 10) of ribavirin and amantadine were 4.0 microg/kg. The calibration curves showed good linearity in the range of 10.0 - 100.0 microg/L, and the correlation coefficients (r(2)) were not lower than 0.99. When the spiked levels were 4.0, 8.0 and 20.0 microg/kg, the recoveries of ribavirin and amantadine in chicken ranged from 78% to 102.5%, with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 2.2% - 7.6%. The results indicate that the method is simple, rapid, sensitive and suitable for the qualitative and quantitative analyses of ribavirin and amantadine in chicken samples.