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The fluid flow pattern and free surface fluctuation in a mold profoundly influence both molten steel solidification and molten slag thermodynamics behavior in the continuous casting process. In addition, the fluid flow and surface fluctuation behaviors are important factors of inclusions floatation, meniscus hook formation, and shear layer instability that affect the slab quality. In this work, a 0.6-scale water model of slab mold was built according to a 220 mm×1800 mm actual mold from a Chinese steel plant to investigate the fluid field and free surface fluctuation during the continuous casting process. The characters of fluid flow were studied with particle image velocimetry (PIV) in different submerged entry nozzle (SEN) conditions, including SEN outlet angle, SEN bottom structure, and SEN submerged depth. Simultaneously, the fluctuation behaviors of the mold free surface were monitored using wave-amplitude sensors and analyzed using the F value. The findings show that there are shear flow with tilt down velocity vectors appearing near the one-fourth wide face position of the mold free surface, and some irregular vortexes are detected near the SEN position. In addition, the results show that increasing the SEN outlet angle and submerged depth can expend the up-recirculation flow domain and intensify its buffer action; therefore, the velocity of mold liquid surface decreases. However, changing the SEN bottom structure has negligible effect on fluid flow velocity at the position of one-fourth wide face of the mold free surface, although it can reduce the turbulent kinetic energy of the steel jet. Besides, the variation of surface fluctuate amplitude corresponds to the F value well, and the optimal F, which helps to reduce and avoid the possibility of mold slag entrapment can be obtained in the conditions of SEN outlet angles of 15° and 20° and submerged depths of 135 and 145 mm, respectively.

The study was to investigate the effect of replacing fish meal with a compound protein source (pig hemoglobin powder, corn protein powder, and enzymolysis defatted black soldier fly powder) in feed on the growth performance, feed utilization, immune performance, and ammonia resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei. A total of 1 440 healthy and active Litopenaeus vannamei with an initial weight of (1.01 ± 0.01) g were randomly divided into six groups, with four replicates in each group, and 60 Litopenaeus vannamei in each replicate. 0, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% of fish meal were replaced by compound protein sources with equal nitrogen and equal fat, respectively, named as the M1 group, M2 group, M3 group, M4 group, M5 group, and M6 group. The experiment lasted for 56 days. The results showed that the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of Litopenaeus vannamei in the M4 group were significantly higher than the M1 group (P<0.05). The feed efficiency of Litopenaeus vannamei in the M2 group, M3 group, and M4 group was significantly higher than the M1 group (P<0.05). The activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), as well as the contentrations of total cholesterol (CHO), alanine aminotransferase (TG) in serum of Litopenaeus vannamei in the M6 group were significantly higher than the M1 group (P<0.05), and the activity of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and total protein (TP) content in serum of Litopenaeus vannamei in the M6 group was significantly lower than the M1 group (P<0.05). The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and acid phosphatase (ACP) in the hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei in the M6 group were significantly decreased compared to other groups (P<0.05), and the content of MDA was significantly higher than that in the M1 group, M2 group and M3 group (P<0.05). After an ammonia challenge for 18 hours, the survival rate of Litopenaeus vannamei in the M6 group was significantly lower than that in other groups (P<().()5). The study indicates that the growth performance of Litopenaeus vannamei improved significantly when the fish meal is replaced by a compound protein source at a ratio of 60%, and that compound protein source to replace fish meal proportion is too high (over 80%) will reduce the feed utilization, immunity, and anti-stress ability of Litopenaeus vannamei. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was to study the effect of replacing fish meal with pork meal on growth performance, feed utilization and immune performance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. A total of 900 Macrobrachium macrobrachii with the same specifications were randomly selected and divided into six groups, with three replicates per group and 50 Macrobrachium macrobrachii per replicate. 0, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% of fish meal were replaced by pork meal with the same protein, which were labeled as P0 group, P5 group, P10 group, P15 group, P20 group and P25 group, respectively. The experiment lasted for 90 d. The results showed that the weight gain rate of Macrobrachium rosenbergii in the P20 group and P25 group was significantly lower than that in the P0 group (P<0.05), and the feed coefficient was significantly higher than that in the P0 group and P5 group (P<0.05). The triglycerides in the serum of Macrobrachium rosenbergii increased with the level of pork meal instead of fish meal. Serum lysozyme, immunoglobulin M and alkaline phosphatase in the P25 group were significantly lower than those in the P0 group, P5 group and P10 group (P<0.05). The study indicates that the ratio of pork meal instead of fish meal of Macrobrachium rosenbergii should not exceed 15% based on the weight gain rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of percutaneous dilational tracheostomy（PDT）using fiberoptic bronchoscope，ultrasound guidance and anatomic landmark localization. Methods In this retrospective cohort，101 patients undergoing PDT were enrolled and divided into bronchoscope-guided group（n = 39），ultrasound-guided group（n = 27），and anatomical landmark localization group（n = 35）. Demographic data，general condition，surgical condition，postoperative complication and clinical prognosis were collected. Results No statistical significance was found in age，sex，cause of ICU stay，primary disease and preoperative coagulation status（all P > 0.05）. In the ultrasound-guided group，preoperative Sequential Organ Failure Assessment（SOFA）score was higher，the operation time was shorter and intraoperative blood loss was less compared with those in the other two groups（P < 0.05/3）. The PaCO2 in the anatomical landmark localization group was lower than that in the ultrasound-guided group（P < 0.05/3）. Conclusions Real-time ultrasound guidance during PDT can be employed to identify the anatomical structures of the neck，which can shorten the operation time，reduce intraoperative bleeding and avoid hyperventilation in patients with severe diseases. Ultrasound-guided PDT may serve as an alternative regimen for PDT using bronchoscope or anatomical landmark localization.

The cases of fulminant psittacosis complicated with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome （MODS） have been rarely reported in China. In this article， clinical manifestations and treatment of a patient with fulminant psittacosis complicated with MODS were summarized and analyzed. The 80-year-old male patient developed respiratory failure in Emergency Department and received mechanical ventilation， which rapidly progressed into acute respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS） complicated with MODS. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing （mNGS） using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） samples confirmed the pathogen of Chlamydia psittaci. Then， moxifloxacin， doxycycline and omadacycline were given， which yielded favorable efficacy and prognosis. The diagnosis and treatment of this patient suggests that fulminant psittacosis can be manifested with respiratory failure， severe pneumonia with rapid progression and MODS. Imaging manifestations consist of pneumonia， bronchial inflation sign and pleural effusion. mNGS can be performed to identify the rare pathogens during early stage and confirm the diagnosis. Tetracyclines， macrolides and quinolones can be delivered as antibacterial drugs.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of death in the world nowadays. Benefit finding, as a key construct in the evolution of positive psychology, makes the individual more resilient and less responsive to stressful demands and promotes physical and mental health of patients. This paper reviewed studies on benefit finding of patients with lung cancer in perspectives of concepts, measuring tools, influencing factors and interventions, in order to provide reference for physical and mental healthcare practice of patients with lung cancer. (肺癌是世界范围内致死率最高的癌症。疾病获益感是积极心理学的重要概念, 能使个体更加高效地应对和适应未来的压力源, 从而促进患者身心健康。本文简要综述了肺癌患者疾病获益感的概念、测量工具、影响因素及干预措施, 以期更好地为肺癌患者的身心健康服务提供理论依据。)

Due to highly customized feature, once the program of FPGA system is fixed, it is extremely difficult to keep maintenance. The system uses MicroBlaze processor to implement TCP/IP protocol stack, realizes the real-time online update of modules in FPGA system by upgrading files through Internet, and completes remote command injection and data upload for remote debugging. Based on ethernet mode, the system can be separated from the traditional debugging method, realize remote equipment debugging without manual participation on the equipment site, and reduce maintenance costs. The system has the characteristics of reliability, fast configuration, and no need to restart using this method, and can also be used in other directions such as cloud computing and real-time simulation.

Aiming at the problem that the density peak clustering algorithm is greatly influenced by human interven-tion and parameter is sensitive, that is the improper selection of its parameter cutoff distance dc will lead to the wrong selection of initial cluster centers. And in some cases, even the proper value of dc is set, initial cluster centers are still difficult to be selected from the decision graph artificially. To overcome these defects, a new clustering algorithm based on density peak is proposed. Firstly, the algorithm determines the local density of data points according to the idea of K-nearest neighbors, and then a new adaptive aggregation strategy is proposed, which firstly determines the initial cluster center by the threshold of the algorithm, then allocates the remaining points according to the nearest cluster center, and finally merges the similar clusters by the density reachable between the clusters. In the experiment, the algorithm performs better than the DPC, DBSCAN, [KNNDPC] and K-means algorithm in the synthetic and actual datasets, and the algorithm can effectively improve clustering accuracy and quality.

Aiming at the low execution efficiency in statistical optimal sample size algorithm to determine sample size for sampling large datasets, especially high-dimensional datasets and the importance of each dimension for high-dimensional datasets is different, moreover, there may be redundant attributes, this paper proposed statistical optimal sample size algorithm based on feature selection. The algorithm made use of the entropy theory. It constructed an entropy measure of similarity between objects to evaluate the importance of each dimension, then obtained important feature subsets according to design a kind of evaluation standard, finally executed statistical optimal sample size algorithm in the feature subsets. Experimental results show that the improved algorithm not only can receive higher accuracy in the clustering algorithm, but also can obviously reduce the execution time of the algorithm, so the improved algorithm is efficacious and feasible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demographic dividend of China is disappearing with the change of demographic structure. Considering whether Chinese export-oriented growth can aggravate the the phenomenon and then have an adverse effect on economic growth, this paper explores the impact of export of female labor force from Chinese manufacturing firms. To begin with, this paper introduces the related literatures about the impact of export on female labor force participation and reorganizes the mechanism of the impact. It uses the 2004 Chinese manufacturing firm-level data and makes a comprehensive description, which shows apparently the relationship between the export of Chinese manufacturing firms and the female labor force participation. Furthermore, the empirical analysis suggests that female labor force participation increases with the export intensity. The results are very robust after resolving the endogenous problem, redefining the meaning of export and changing samples. Meanwhile, it can be deduced for the negative relation between female labor force participation and fertility, which indicates that female labor force participation increasing with export can lower fertility rate in China. Therefore, changing the export-led growth mode can not only be beneficial to improving the quality of Chinese economic growth, but also contributing to alleviating the adverse impact of the gradual disappearance of China's demographic dividend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ainring at the problem of how to effectively learn from the successful experience of formrer CTCS driver machine interface (DMI), quickly and rfficiently establish DMI of CTCS3, the functions of DMI were iilustrated and the DMI of CTCS3-300T based on Windows XP Embedded (XPE) system was designed and implemented. Through the analysis of a software system and hardware environment, the appropriate Industrial Personal Computer was assembled and the Windows XPE system was custom-designed as the software system. After generating principle and implementation of circular speed gauge (CGS) and the most restrictive speed profile (MRSP) were introduced, the Visual C + + was chosen as the development tool to develop the DMI of CTCS3-300T. The results indicate that, the system can make the target functions and the on-board DMI of CTCS3-300T simulation system was implemented succeesfully. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To mine user's interests accurately, probabilistic latent semantic analysis(PLSA)model is firstly used to project webpage-word matrix vector into probabilistic latent semantic vector space. A method of"auto-selected similarity threshold"is proposed to get web pages similarity threshold. At last, combined with divisiory algorithms and hierarchical agglomerative clustering, a hierarchical agglomerative k-medoids clustering algorithm is proposed to realize cluster user's interests. The experimental results show that, compared with the traditional divisiory algorithms, the hierarchical agglomerative kmedoids algorithm has a better clustering effect. Furthermore, user's interest clustering technique can improve the efficiency of personalized recommendation and search in user'personalized service fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The numerical simulation of spray lubrication and improvement of lubricant condition in a complex gearbox are researched. An experimental rig for spray lubrication of a pair of high-speed gears is set up and relevant experiments are carried out firstly. The experimental results are used to verify the correctness of numerical simulation method. Then numeric model of spray lubrication in a complex gearbox is established and simulation as well as analysis are conducted. The results show that overlong spray distance,angle of end face and jet flow on out of mesh side make against to lubrication. Then optimization of spray angle based on single-phase flow computational method is studied. Result show that,there is a weakest trace of air in the center plane of meshed gears. And if the axis of the nozzle lays on this trace,the meshed gears will have their best lubricant performance.

Taking one hundred and fifty doubled haploid (DH) lines of winter wheat cultivars Hanxuan 10 x Lumai 14 as well as their parents as test materials, the genetic bases of top three leaves length, breadth, and angle at mid-filling stage, and their correlations with yield traits were studied under two water regimes rainfed (drought stress, DS) and well-irrigation (WI) in 2005-2007. Under DS, the leaf length and width of DH lines and their parents were significantly lower than those under WI, whereas the leaf angle had a miscellaneous variation. Under the two water regimes, all the test traits of DH lines had a transgressive segregation, with the variation coefficients ranged from 5.1% to 45.9%. The heritability and gene numbers for the given traits showed great differences. Under WI and DS, the heritability of flag leaf angle (FLA) was the highest (91% and 97%, respectively), and that of the third leaf angle (TLA) was the lowest (23% and 31%, respectively). However, the gene number for FLA (4 and 2 under WI and DS, respectively) was the least, and that of TLA (21 and 25, respectively) in 2007 was the most. Interactive effects were observed among the genes controlling FLA, second leaf angle (SLA), and TLA under WI and DS, and controlling third leaf length (TLL) under WI. The grain number per spike and the grain weight per spike were positively correlated with the length and width of top three leaves, and the thousand-grain weight and the yield per plant were significantly correlated with TLL, FLA, and SLA, but all correlation coefficients were smaller ( < 0.481). It was suggested that the selection of top three leaves length and width should be carried out in the early generations of breeding procedure, while that of leaf angles should be carried out in advanced generations. An appropriate soil moisture regime retained in the critical growth period of the leaves would promote their growth and contribute to the grain yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which examines the β-lactam drug-resistant phenotype and ribotype profiles of Streptococcus suis type 2 in diseased pigs. Researchers conduct a microdilution test on Streptococcus suis type 2 for in vitro minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) to β-lactam drugs, and compare their ribotype profiles. Results show the differences in the resistant phenotype and ribotype profile of Streptococcus suis type 2.

The technological conditions and principle of treating oil bearing wastewater by high gradient magnetic separation(HGMS) technology were studied. The experimental results show that oils and COD removal rates for HGMS treatment of the wastewater containing (120~700) X 10-6 oils and 2.1 X 10-3 COD are both about 80 %. The recommended conditions are: the dosage of magnetic particle is 250 X 10-6, the mixing time is 10 min or above, and the range of pH value is 5~8. To deal with the wastewater containing low oil quantity, coagulant can be added under proper pH value with the magnetic particle. Thus the oil removal efficiency is increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the study which explores the effects of tilmicosin on cytokine response and survival rate of inflammatory mice by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

This study investigated the effect of foliar versus soil application of selenium on the selenium content of sweet potato leaves and the antioxidant activity of sweet potato leaf proteins. The results showed that both foliar and soil applications of selenium could increase the protein-bound selenium content of sweet potato leaves. The protein-bound selenium contents of the foliar and soil selenium treatment groups at 1.6 mg/mL concentration were 20.10 and 1.68 mg/g, respectively. Selenium enrichment could improve the antioxidant activity of sweet potato leaf proteins. The superoxide anion free radical scavenging capacity of sweet potato leaf proteins was increased by 19.17% with foliar selenium enrichment. According to correlation analysis, the total selenium content and protein-bound selenium content of sweet potato leaves significantly affected the antioxidant activity, and the total phenolic and total flavonoid contents also affected the antioxidant activity. In conclusion, compared with soil selenium application, foliar selenium application was better in increasing the protein-bound selenium content of sweet potato leaves.

Background As the most common chronic liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been reported to be associated with significant changes in myocardial structure and function, but it is still a controversial issue whether it is an independent risk factor for abnormalities in cardiac structure and function. Objective To assess the correlation of NAFLD with early left ventricular diastolic dysfunction by comparing left ventricular structure and functional indices between NAFLD and non-NAFLD patients. Methods A total of 519 inpatients from Geriatric Medicine Unit, Peking University People's Hospital were enrolled during 2018 to 2020, and divided into NAFLD group and non-NAFLD group according to the results of abdominal ultrasound or CT examination. Left ventricular structural and functional indices of two groups were comparatively analyzed. Early left ventricular diastolic dysfunction was defined as the ratio of the peak velocity of the early filling (E) wave to the atrial contraction (A) wave 3.25) 〕. NAFLD patients were divided into low-risk subgroup (n=81) and medium-high risk subgroup (n=100) according to whether FIB-4 index

Objective: To determine the risk factors of extubation failure and its effect on the prognosis of patients who had successfully passed a spontaneous breathing trial (SBT)., Methods: The clinical data of patients with mechanical ventilation more than 24 hours who passed SBT admitted to department of intensive care unit (ICU) of First Hospital of Qinhuangdao from November 2018 to November 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the outcome of weaning within 48 hours after weaning, patients were divided into weaning success group and weaning failure group. The baseline data, the presence of basic cardiopulmonary diseases, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), fluid balance, albumin and hemoglobin within 24 hours before weaning, the time of mechanical ventilation before weaning, rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI) during SBT, oxygenation index, cough peak flow at the end of SBT, and prognostic indicators were collected. The outcome of weaning was taken as the dependent variable, and the observation factors were taken as the independent variable for univariate analysis. The factors with statistical significance in univariate analysis were analyzed by binary Logistic regression to determine the influencing factors of weaning failure., Results: Of the 204 patients, 167 (81.9%) were successfully weaned, and 37 (18.1%) failed. Compared with the weaning success group, the total duration of mechanical ventilation and the length of ICU stay in the weaning failure group were significantly longer [days: 13.0 (7.5, 23.5) vs. 5.0 (3.0, 8.0), 17.0 (12.5, 31.0) vs. 10.0 (6.0, 15.0), both P < 0.01], and the tracheotomy rate and mortality were significantly higher (32.4% vs. 0%, 51.4% vs. 0%, both P < 0.01). Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in age, proportion of patients with cardiopulmonary diseases, BNP and cough peak flow between weaning failure group and weaning success group [age (years old): 70.65±15.78 vs. 62.69±15.82, cardiopulmonary diseases: 62.2% vs. 24.6%, BNP (ng/L): 416.87 (32.70, 1 225.80) vs. 45.36 (10.00, 273.60), cough peak flow (L/min): 59.89±9.06 vs. 83.84±16.52, all P < 0.01]. However, there were no significant differences in gender, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) at admission, mechanical ventilation time before weaning, albumin, hemoglobin, oxygenation index, RSBI and fluid balance 24 hours before weaning between weaning failure group and weaning success group [male: 51.4% vs. 68.3%, APACHE II: 16.70±6.65 vs. 15.67±6.28, mechanical ventilation time before weaning (days): 6.0 (2.5, 11.0) vs. 5.0 (3.0, 8.0), albumin (g/L): 27.78±4.15 vs. 27.76±4.46, hemoglobin (g/L): 102.43±15.80 vs. 100.61±17.19, oxygenation index (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 359.33±79.83 vs. 365.75±78.23, RSBI (times×L -1 ×min -1 ): 50.73±24.97 vs. 46.76±15.53, positive fluid balance: 70.3% vs. 69.5%, all P > 0.05]. The results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥ 75 years old [odds ratio (OR) = 3.099, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 1.003-9.574, P = 0.049], presence of cardiopulmonary diseases (OR = 3.599, 95%CI was 1.126-11.498, P = 0.031), BNP within 24 hours before weaning (OR = 1.002, 95%CI was 1.000-1.003, P = 0.005) were the risk factors of extubation failure, while cough peak flow at the end of SBT was the protective factor (OR = 0.869, 95%CI was 0.823-0.917, P = 0.000)., Conclusions: For patients who had successfully passed SBT, age ≥ 75 years old, the presence of cardiopulmonary diseases and an increased level of BNP within 24 hours were the risk factors of extubation failure. In addition, the higher the cough peak flow at the end of SBT, the lower the risk of weaning failure will be.

Objective: To observe the effect of intestinal trefoil factor (ITF) combined with mucin on the ability of proliferation and migration of intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) after being treated by burn rat serum., Methods: The rat IEC-6 cell lines were subcultured and divided into control group (C, cultured with DMEM medium containing 10% calf serum), burn serum group (BS, cultured with DMEM medium containing 10% burn rat serum), burn serum + ITF group (B + I, cultured with DMEM medium containing 10% burn rat serum and 25 microg/mL ITF), burn serum + mucin group (B + M, cultured with DMEM medium containing 10% burn rat serum and 250 microg/mL mucin), and burn serum + ITF + mucin group (B + I + M, cultured with DMEM medium containing 10% burn rat serum, 25 microg/mL ITF, and 250 microg/mL mucin) according to the random number table. Cells were counted on post culture day (PCD) 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, reflecting cell proliferation ability. Cell migration distance was measured at post scratch hour (PSH) 12, 24, 36, 48, 72. Then, cells of each group were placed in upper compartment of Transwell chamber while the corresponding medium was respectively added into lower compartment of Transwell chamber. Cells in lower compartment of Transwell chamber were counted at post culture hour (PCH) 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, reflecting cytomorphosis ability. Data were processed with t test., Results: (1) Cell proliferation ability. The cell numbers in BS group on PCD 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 were significantly less than those in C group (with t values from -16.569 to -2.613, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The cell number showed no statistical difference between B + I and BS groups, and between B + M and BS groups at each time point (with t values respectively from 0.037 to 0.740 and 0.116 to 0.429, P values all above 0.05). The cell number in B + I + M group on PCD 2 was respectively larger than that in BS group (t = 6.484, P < 0.01) and B + I group ( t = 3.838, P < 0.01). (2) Cell migration distance in BS group at PSH 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 was significantly shorter than that in C group (with t values from -37.594 to -6.727, P values all below 0.01). There was no obvious difference in cell migration distance between BS and B + M groups at each time point (with t values from 0.055 to 0.589, P values all above 0.05). Cell migration distance in B + I group at PSH 12, 24, 36 was respectively (47 +/- 6), (126 +/- 13), (170 +/- 11) microm, all longer than those in BS group [(42 +/- 7), (98 +/- 14), (154 +/- 22) microm, with t values from 2.230 to 4.817, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01]. Cell migration distance in BS group at PSH 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and B + I group at PSH 12, 24, 36, 48 was respectively shorter than that in B + I + M group (with t values respectively from 2.982 to 7.390 and 2.707 to 2.918, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). (3) Cytomorphosis ability. Compared with those of C group, cell counts in lower compartment of BS group at PCH 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 were significantly decreased (with t values from -23.965 to -6.436, P values all below 0.01). Cell count in lower compartment of BS group at PCH 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 was respectively less than that of B + I group (with t values from 3.650 to 10.028, P values all below 0.01) and similar to that of B + M group (with t values from 0.199 to 0.797, P values all above 0.05). Cell counts in lower compartment of B + I + M group at PCH 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 were significantly larger than those of BS group (with t values from 4.313 to 15.100, P values all below 0.01). Cell count in lower compartment of B + I + M group at PCH 10 (328 +/- 47) and PCH 12 (465 +/- 37) was respectively larger than that in B + I group (277 +/- 25, 353 +/- 34, with t value respectively 3.051, 6.945, P values all below 0.01)., Conclusions: ITF can improve cytomorphosis ability for promoting cell migration with limited effect on cell proliferation, which can be enhanced with addition of mucin. The main mechanism of ITF in maintaining intestinal mucosal barrier may be attributed to acceleration of cell migration.

Objective: To observe the effect of intestinal trefoil factor (ITF) combined with mucin on immune function of intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) after being treated with burn rat serum., Methods: The rat IEC-6 cell lines were divided into control group (C, cultured in DEME medium containing 10% calf serum), burn control group (BC, cultured in DEME medium containing 10% burn rat serum), burn serum + ITF group (B + I, cultured in DEME medium containing 10% burn rat serum and 25 microg/mL ITF), burn serum + mucin group (B + M, cultured in DEME medium containing 10% burn rat serum and 250 microg/mL mucin), and burn serum + ITF + mucin group (B + I + M, cultured in DEME medium containing 10% burn rat serum, 25 microg/mL ITF, and 250 microg/mL mucin) according to the random number table. Meanwhile, 200 microL suspension of E. coli with density of 1 x 10(8) CFU/mL was added to each culture. At post culture minute (PCM) 15, 30 and post culture hour (PCH) 1, 2, 3, the number of bacteria adherent to IEC-6 was counted after Wright-Giemsa staining, and cell survival rate was calculated after trypan blue staining, with 20 samples in each group at each time point. (2) Other samples of IEC-6 cells without addition of E. coli were divided into BC, B + I, B + M, and B + I + M groups with the same treatment as above. The supernatant contents of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha were determined by radioimmunoassay at PCH 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, with 6 samples in each group at each time point. Data were processed with t test., Results: (1) Compared with that in C group, count of adherent bacteria to IEC-6 in BC group at each time point was significantly increased (with t values from 2.947 to 8.149, P values all below 0.01). Compared with those in BC group, the counts in B + I, B + M, B + I + M groups at the major time points were significantly decreased (with t values from -4.733 to -2.180, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). (2) Compared with that in C group, cell survival rate in BC group at each time point was obviously lowered (with t values from -4.126 to -2.363, P values all below 0.05). Cell survival rates in B + I and B + M groups at some time points were significantly elevated as compared with those in BC group (with t values from 2.120 to 3.423, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Cell survival rate in B + I + M group at PCM 15 and PCH 3 was respectively (96.7 +/- 2.4)% and (84.0 +/- 6.7)%, which was respectively higher than that in B + I and B + M groups [(94.5 +/- 3.1)%, t = 2.507, P < 0.05; (77.1 +/- 8.2)%, t = 2.934, P < 0.01]. (3) The contents of TNF-alpha in supernatant of B + I + M group at PCH 6, 12, 24, 48 were significantly lower than those in the other 3 groups (with t values from -6. 914 to -2.889, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The contents of IL-6 in supernatant of B + I + M group at some time points were significantly lower than those in the other 3 groups (with t values from -7. 657 to -2.580, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The contents of IL-8 in supernatant of B + I + M group at PCH 6, 12, 24, 48 were significantly lower than those in BC and B + M groups (with t values from - 8.802 to - 3.640, P values all below 0.01), and those in B + I + M group at PCH 12, 24 were lower than those in B + I group (with t value respectively -2.786, -2.740, P value all below 0.05)., Conclusions: ITF can maintain immune function and homeostasis of IEC, prevent bacterial adherence, decrease cell death rate, and reduce release of inflammatory mediators. The effect can be strengthened with addition of mucin.

Taking one hundred and fifty doubled haploid (DH) lines of winter wheat cultivars Hanxuan 10 x Lumai 14 as well as their parents as test materials, the genetic bases of top three leaves length, breadth, and angle at mid-filling stage, and their correlations with yield traits were studied under two water regimes rainfed (drought stress, DS) and well-irrigation (WI) in 2005-2007. Under DS, the leaf length and width of DH lines and their parents were significantly lower than those under WI, whereas the leaf angle had a miscellaneous variation. Under the two water regimes, all the test traits of DH lines had a transgressive segregation, with the variation coefficients ranged from 5.1% to 45.9%. The heritability and gene numbers for the given traits showed great differences. Under WI and DS, the heritability of flag leaf angle (FLA) was the highest (91% and 97%, respectively), and that of the third leaf angle (TLA) was the lowest (23% and 31%, respectively). However, the gene number for FLA (4 and 2 under WI and DS, respectively) was the least, and that of TLA (21 and 25, respectively) in 2007 was the most. Interactive effects were observed among the genes controlling FLA, second leaf angle (SLA), and TLA under WI and DS, and controlling third leaf length (TLL) under WI. The grain number per spike and the grain weight per spike were positively correlated with the length and width of top three leaves, and the thousand-grain weight and the yield per plant were significantly correlated with TLL, FLA, and SLA, but all correlation coefficients were smaller ( < 0.481). It was suggested that the selection of top three leaves length and width should be carried out in the early generations of breeding procedure, while that of leaf angles should be carried out in advanced generations. An appropriate soil moisture regime retained in the critical growth period of the leaves would promote their growth and contribute to the grain yield.

Objective: To display the detail functional anatomy of ocular motor nerves in the orbits, cavernous sinus and brainstem by high-resolution MRI., Methods: Twenty normal subjects between 24 and 38 years of age, mean age was 28.25 +/- 4.07 (SD). Imaging of the ocular motor nerves at the brainstem was performed in 0.8 mm thickness image planes using 3D-FIESTA sequence; nerves in the cavernous sinus was imaged with a head coil, the FSE/T(1)WI was obtained in coronal planes; nerves to extraocular muscles (EOMs) in the orbits were imaged with FSE/T(1)WI oblique-coronal planes using surface coils, and within 2.0 mm thick planes. A human orbit was celloidin embedding and serially sectioned at 0.1 mm of thickness for HE stain, which would be used to distinguish motor nerves to the EOMs., Results: Oculomotor nerves (CN3) and abducens (CN6) of the cisternal segment were well demonstrable in all normal subjects. Trochlear nerves (CN4) were depicted 95%. CN3 could be demonstrated consistently in the cavernous sinus, because of their small diameter, CN4 and CN6 not always detectable. The larger inferior division of CN3 and branches to the target EOMs and CN6 were demonstrated well in all species. The superior division of CN3 was demonstrated 60%, CN4 was showed 40%., Conclusion: 3D-FIESTA Sequence combined with MPR (Multiplanar Reformation) could precisely show the ocular motor nerves, as well as the relationships with adjacent structures in the cistern. The inferior division of CN3 and the CN6 could be well depicted in the orbits. But of the small sizes and complicated neighboring structures in the orbit, the superior division of the CN3 and the CN4 could not be demonstrated consistently. The capabilities of MRI can be fully used only with thorough knowledge of the complicated topographic relationships in the corresponding region.

Objective: To establish 3-D visible human model of the rectus EOM Pulley., Methods: The pictures of Masson stained adjacent coronal sections of a whole orbit were imaged by digital camera, which were entered into computer continuously after removing spottiness through PhotoShop 7.0 software. 3D-Doctor software was used to register and split the image. Finally three-dimensional computerized reconstructions of the rectus EOM pulley and eye ball were achieved. At the same time pulley system structure was analyzed using the 3D-Doctor software., Results: Three-dimensional model of the rectus EOM pulley displayed directly the three-dimensional relationship of pulley and the eye ball, extraocular muscles and orbit. This three-dimensional model could be rotated randomly, providing convenience for multi-angle observation. The demonstration of the three-dimensional model selectively provides a approach to get rid of disturbance and lock the aim for observation. The length of pulley was about 4.6 to 5.8 mm. The origin of the four rectus pulleys was 13.8 to 18.0 mm from the corneoscleral limbus. Media rectus pulley was thickest among four rectus pulley. The ratio between media rectus pulley thickness and corresponding media rectus thickness could reach 1.11., Conclusions: Three-dimensional model of the rectus EOM pulley provided direct picture for clinic doctors to understand the structure of pulley, which also provided three-dimensional anatomic basis for iconography research of the rectus EOM pulley. The data of pulley could be helpful to establish Chinese rectus EOM pulleys data bank.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the digital cytopathological lung cancer diagnosing system (DCLCDS) utilizing the latest computer technologies (including reinforcement learning, image segmentation and classifier) and the cytopathological knowledge on lung cancer cells., Methods: Separate the overlapped lung cancer cells in a slice image applying the improved deBoor-Cox B-Spline algorithm; Segment cell regions in a slice image using an image segmentation algorithm based on reinforcement learning; Ensemble different classifiers, including Decision Tree classifier, Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier and Bayesian classifier, to achieve an accurate result of cytopathological lung cancer diagnosis., Results: The accurate diagnosis rate for lung cancer identification of 224 images of small lung lesions aspiration biopsy from 120 cases randomly selected was 92.3%. The accurate diagnosis rate for type classification of lung cancer was 82.5%. The identification rate for abnormal nuclear cells was 71.6%., Conclusions: The DCLCDS achieves a high accuracy on cytopathological lung cancer diagnosis by solving some major problems on the cytology smears, including cell overlapping, uneven coloration and impurity. It provides a relatively objective, standard tool on cytopathological lung cancer diagnosis. It has good efficacy on early diagnosis of lung cancer.

Objective: To categorize the patterns of abnormalities in exercise (201)TI myocardial scintigraphy and explore the mechanisms., Methods: Exercise (201)TI myocardial scintigraphy was performed in 203 patients with clinically suspected coronary artery disease, including 74 normotensive patients, 78 hypertensive patients without left ventricle hypertrophy (LVH) and 51 hypertensive patients with LVH. All the patients underwent coronary angiography one month before or after (201)TI myocardial scintigraphy, and the patterns of abnormal findings were categorized as segmental, non-segmental and mixed patterns. Patients with abnormal (201)TI myocardial perfusion and normal coronary angiographic findings were followed up., Results: In hypertensive patients without and with LVH, the ratios of abnormal perfusion in segmental, non-segmental and mixed types were 52/60 and 32/58, 4/60 and 9/58, and 4/60 and 17/58, respectively. The ratios of normal coronary angiography in the 3 types were 17/84, 13/13 and 10/21, respectively. Among the 40 patients followed up, 5 with segmental abnormality and 2 with mixed abnormalities developed large coronary artery disease, which was found in none of the patients with segmental abnormality., Conclusions: In hypertensive patients with and without LVH, segmental perfusion abnormalities may be attributed to the anatomic and functional stenosis of the large coronary arteries, and the non-segmental abnormal perfusion might be only possible with coronary microvascular diseases.

Objective: To study the structure and three-dimensional distribution of extraocular muscle Pulley in orbit., Methods: 5 fresh cadaver orbits were fixed in situ and serially sectioned at 4 microm thickness. Every nearby sections were stained using Masson's trichrome, Van Gieson'stain and immunohistochemical staining, the stained tissue was examined by gross anatomy and light microscopy., Results: Near the equator of the globe, extraocular muscle Pulleys were at the points where rectus penetrate posterior Tenon's fascia, encircling the rectus orbit side by fiber ring structure. There was Pulley Band among extraocular muscle Pulleys. The main composition of the Pulley and Pulley Band were collagen (I and III type), elastic and smooth muscle., Conclusion: Constitution of Pulley provides dissection basis as the functional origins of the extraocular muscle.

Aim: To screen swimming-fatigue related genes in mice and lay theoretic basis for researching the molecular mechanism of fatigue., Methods: 30 male BALB/c mice (20 +/- 2g) were divided into control group, dipping in water group and swimming-fatigue group respectively. After fatigue for swimming in swimming-fatigue group, with control group and dipping in water group, liver tissues in mice were collected. With improved silver staining mRNA differential display method, the differentially expressed genes in mice livers were screened and evaluated by reversed Northern blot. The positive segments were analyzed homology by BLAST., Results: 7 of DD-ESTs were gained. Two of them only expressed in swimming-fatigue group, two down-regulated expressed, and three up-regulated. One of them was a novel gene and was accepted by GenBank, AY615302., Conclusion: Seven DD-ESTs in swimming-fatigue mice were gained by silver staining mRNA differential display method.

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is heritable bone fragility,which is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait clinical presentation. Clinical symptom, in general, is dominantly inherited OI with blue sclerae, hearing loss and mild-moderate skeletal deformity. Genetic loci of OI have been mapped to17q21.31-q22 and 7q22.1, in which COL1A1 and COL1A2 are known to be the causal genes. In this work,we performed linkage analysis in a kindred with autosomal dominant hereditary OI. A tight linkage to the markers on chromosome 17q21.31-q22 (maximum two-point lod score: 9.31 at theta = .00) was observed. Sequence analysis of COL1A1 revealed a single-base mutation that converted the consensus sequence at the 5' end of intron 26 from GT to AT to form an abnormal splicing site leading to OI.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between two polymorphisms (Intronic VNTR and 5-HTTLPR) of the serotonin transporter gene and schizophrenia., Methods: A set of 314 schizophrenic trio samples collected from Shanghai, Xi'an and Jilin regions of China independently was subjected to analysis of the polymorphisms by transmission/disequilibrium test(TDT)., Results: No significantly preferential transmission of any allele was detected from both polymorphisms investigated., Conclusion: The results suggest that the serotonin transporter gene is unlikely to have a major contribution to susceptibility to schizophrenia in Han Chinese population.

Objective: To investigate the association of Leu125Val and Ser563Asn polymorphism of the gene encoding platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1(PECAM-1) with coronary heart disease., Methods: This study included 156 patients with the diagnoses of coronary heart disease (CHD) and coronary lesions derived from electrocardiography, myocardial enzyme analysis and coronary angiography as the CHD group, and another 75 in-patients admitted within the same period who showed no signs of CHD in the above examinations constituted the control group. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was employed to examine the missense polymorphism of PECAM-1gene in the position of Leu125Val and Ser563Asn., Results: There were significant differences between CHD and control group in terms of the allele frequencies and genotype distributions of PECAM-1 gene, and the differences were especially conspicuous in the allele frequencies of 125Val and 563Asn (P<0.05) and genotype distributions of 125Val/Val and 563Asn/Asn., Conclusion: PECAM-1 gene polymorphism 1 may be a genetic risk factor for coronary heart disease.

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of preconditioning phlebotomy against ischemia-reperfusion injury and the role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in this protection mechanism., Methods: Sixty SD rats were randomly assigned in equal number into control, phlebotomy, and CGRP polyclonal antibody (PcAb) groups, all of which were subjected to 30 min regional ischemic followed by two-hour reperfusion, initiated 15 min after phlebotomy in the latter 2 groups. The rats in CGRP PcAb group were given the antibody (2.5 mg/kg) before phlebotomy. After the operations, plasma CGRP level was determined in 8 rats from each group by radioimmunoassay, and the infarct size (IS) by nitro blue tetrazolium, represented as percentage of the area at risk (AAR)., Results: The mean plasma CGRP level was significantly increased in phlebotomy group compared with the levels in control and PcAb groups (F=12.4, P=0.032-0.005), and a significant reduction in IS (F=52.4, P<0.001) and IS/AAR (F=43.7, P<0.001) occurred in phlebotomy group., Conclusion: Preconditioning phlebotomy has obvious cardioprotective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury, in the mechanism of which CGRP may play a role.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) gene polymorphism and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)., Methods: Fifteen HCM patients and 18 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Peripheral blood samples were collected from these subjects to exact genome DNA. PCR and Hae III restriction endonuclease digestion were employed to study -344C/T polymorphism of CYP11B2 gene., Results: CYP11B2 gene showed a significant difference in CT genotype distribution in HCM groups as compared with that in the control groups (P<0.05)., Conclusion: CT genotype of CYP11B2 gene may be one of factors responsible for the pathogenesis of HCM in a proportion of patients.