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The effects of different calcium ion concentration in culture medium of epithelim, varient pH, and nucleus rotundus present or absent on the calcium metabolism of epithelim from mantle of Hyriopsis cumingii work were investigated in this study. With the variance of calcium ion concentration and pH, the results obtained by using polarizing microscope showed that there was no significant difference on calcium ion containing of epithelim cells between nucleus rotundus present and absent. Meanwhile, the reproduction of epithlim cell in mantle was occurred after incubation and it was further transferred to form pearl sac. The complete pearl sac is formed when connective tissue cells around epithlim cell of pearl sac. An obvious birefringence was observed by using polarizing microscope and its strength was positively affected by the incubation duration and calcium ion concentration of culture medium. The results demonstrated that with the development of cell and tissue of mantle, the absorption of calcium carbonate from culture medium was occurred and there existed the significant correlation between surrounding calcium ion concentration and absorption or secretion of cultures. The largest quantity of calcium sphere was occurred when the calcium ion concentration was 200 ml/L, which was very significantly higher than that of others (p < 0.01). It was also found that the calcium ion absorption was affected by the culture tissue and the status of culture. Higher calcium ion requirement was in primary culture than that in subculture. The calcium ion absorption and secretion was higher in tissue gobbet than that in single cell. A high significant correlation was observed between calcium ion absorption (Y) and pH (X): Y = 52.34 - 5601.23 X (r = 0.9661, p < 0.05). The calcium ion concentration 200mg/L and pH 7.2-7.5 are suggested for incubation conditions of epithelim primary culture in mantle of Hyriopsis cumingii.

The Chromosomes of Macrobrachium nipponense had been prepared using the materials of testis or embryo with the chromosome low-osmosis method or cell low-osmosis method. After 5.5 h, the bivalents at meiotic diplotene were appeared. The comparison of the two methods for two different materials showed that the morpha of the chromosome of testis using the low-osmosis method was better than that of using the cell low-osmosis method. Contrarily, the low-osmosis was better than the cell low-osmosis for the morpha of the chromosome of embryo. The bivalents at meiotic diplotene were rod-shaped, and centromere position could be identified easily at that time. The diploid chromosomes numbers were 104. The chromosome formula was N=11M+26SM+4ST+11T. The technique of the chromosome preparation of Macrobrachium nipponense was preliminarily discussed as well.