Search

In this study, the flavor components of double-low fragrant rapeseed oils (cv. “Zhongyouza 19”) from nine different planting areas were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with olfactometry (GC-MS-O). The results showed that a total of 63 aroma-active compounds were identified using two columns (polar and non-polar) at a total concentration of 222.0 to 468.9 mg/kg. The total concentration of aroma compounds was highest in the Hunan sample and lowest in the Jiangxi sample. Out of the identified flavor substances, 38 had odor activity value (OAV) greater than 10. The results of partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and sensory evaluation showed that 2-methylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, and 2-methyl-3,5-diethylpyrazine were the main contributors to roasted aroma notes, 3-butenylisothiocyanate provided spicy notes, and 5-hexenenitrile and 4-methylthionitrile led to green notes. Based on variable important in the projection (VIP) values, nine key differential substances were selected, namely, methanthiol, 2-methylpyrazine, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, dimethyl disulfide, 5-methylthiopentonitrile, 5-hexenenitrile, (E,Z)-2,4-pentadienonitrile, hexanal and dimethyl trisulfide. They could be considered as potential flavor markers for the discrimination of double-low fragrant rapeseed oils from different planting areas. This research can provide a theoretical guide for the screening of raw materials for fragrant rapeseed oils.

[Objective] This study analyzed the trend of change of global oil supply chain from the perspective of comparing physical and virtual oil trade, so as to reveal the important role of virtual oil. [Methods] Based on the traditional multi-regional input-output table, this study constructed a multi-regional input-output model of oil, calculated virtual oil in oil trade from 2000 to 2016, and comprehensively examined the main countries of oil production, consumption, and trade and their flow relations from the dual perspectives of physical and virtual oil. The heterogeneity of oil trade in 189 countries (regions) and 26 sectors was discussed by distinguishing intermediate and final product. The trade balance and external dependence of physical and virtual oil were further analyzed, and the global implicit oil demand before 2030 was predicted according to the accelerated energy transformation scenario. [Results] The study found that: (1) Virtual oil production accounted for more than one-third of the total global oil production. Virtual oil production and consumption are mainly concentrated in countries (regions) with higher economic development levels, while physical oil production and consumption are mainly distributed in countries (regions) with abundant oil resources; (2) The total amount of virtual oil trade flowing to countries (regions) with higher levels of industrialization and economic development is greater than the corresponding amount of physical oil trade. The virtual oil trade played a positive role in promoting the global oil trade balance and supply security; (3) The pattern of oil trade between final products and intermediate products is opposite, and the exporting country (region) in intermediate product trade is transformed into the importing country (region) in final product trade; (4) From 2017 to 2030, the oil demand of most developed countries showed a significant downward trend, and the implied oil demand steadily decreased after reaching its peak in different years, maintaining around 150-200 million tons per year. [Conclusion] There are great differences between global physical and virtual oil trade, with significant spatial heterogeneity. The proportion of virtual oil represented by non-oil products in international trade is constantly increasing. Therefore, when formulating trade policies, it is necessary to consider regional differences.

With the development of science and technology, the Mosaics theory has been put forward and applied in practice gradually. This paper analyzes the basic characteristics of Mosaics, such as the plurality of subjects, the fusion of forms, the bewilderment of actions and the controllability of risks, it also researches the operation mechanism of Mosaics about the distributed decomposition of complex systems, networked integration of decomposition elements, intelligent aggregation of integrated systems and highly elastic self-healing of polymeric systems. This paper puts forward the Mosaic winning mechanism of distributed system winning, network system winning, intelligent system winning and high elastic system winning. This paper lays an important foundation for the in-depth study of the mechanism of winning the mosaic war and winning the initiative in the future war.

Objective To investigate whether miR-205 can regulate wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 5a (Wnt-5a) to inhibit the papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cell proliferation. Methods RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of miR-205 and Wnt-5a in PTC tissues and adjacent normal tissues.Further correlation analysis between miR-205 and Wnt-5a was carried out. The low expression of miR-205 related to the stage of PTC TMN and lymph node metastasis was also discussed. Meanwhile, RT-qPCR was also used to detect NTHY-OR-3-1 and PTC cell lines (K1 and BCPAP). In addition, the proliferation of PTC cells was detected by CCK-8 after over expression and inhibition of miR-205. Xenograft tumor formation test was used to observe whether inhibition of miR-205 acceler- ates the growth of tumor. The online target gene prediction software and dual luciferase reporter gene test were used to predict and verify whether Wnt-5a is the target gene of miR-205. Results The expression of miR-205 was significantly lower than that of surrounding normal tissues, and the expression of Wnt-5a was significantly higher. TNM stage and lymph node metastasis severity of PTC patients were significantly higher in patients with low miR-205 expression than in patients with high miR-205 expression. Low expression of miR-205 showed a poor survival rate. Expression of miR-205 in NTHY-OR-3-1 was significantly lower than that of K1 and BCPAP. miR-205 inhibited the proliferation of PTC cells. Over-expression of miR-205 also inhibited the growth of PTC. It was confirmed that Wnt-5a was the target gene of miR-205 by luciferase reporter assay. Conclusions miR-205 plays an anti-cancer role in PTC, which may be a potential therapeutic target.

After-class clinical oriented anatomy seminar was an extracurricular course in their spare time organized by medical students. Held in step with the anatomy curriculum, the seminars allowed active involvement of medical students to enhance their understanding of key anatomical knowledge and at the same time stimulate the early development of clinical reasoning capacity.Reshaping the anatomical teaching approach, the seminars now have become a unique teaching program well received by students and faculty in Peking Union Medical College.

In view of the phenomenon of asymmetric deformation and failure after deep rock roadway excavation and support, the causes of deformation and failure and support control were analyzed by means of mechanical theory analysis and computer numerical simulation. The results show that the stress concentration at the shoulder angle and the corresponding bottom angle of the surrounding rock is different, and the plastic deformation occurs in the surrounding rock at these stress concentration points, which is the key part of the asymmetric deformation and failure. After the stoping of the surrounding working face, the lateral support stress arch perpendicular to the overburden rock forms stress disturbance, resulting in the asymmetric stress of the roadway, which is the same as the simulation results. Based on the above research, the control strategy of “compensation and reinforcement support for key deformation parts” is proposed. The results of engineering application show that the asymmetric reinforcement support can effectively control the asymmetric deformation of roadway and greatly improve the stability of roadway surrounding rock.

Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a technique using radio frequency to object identification and access to relevant data in the open system enviroment with the limits of process, storage, power and so on. The traditional tag authentication protocols taking complicated algorithms into account can't meet the demand. In view of the existing secu-rity and privacy problems of RFID , a lightweight authentication protocol for RFID named LAP was proposed. LAP is based on the generalized inverse matrix and only uses CRC checksum, some matrix and simple logic operations to satisfy the principles of balancing security, privacy and cost. The comparisons of security, privacy and performance with other authentication protocols show that LAP is feasible for RFID tags with requirements of low cost and resource-constrained.

In order to improve the security and efficiency performance of wireless sensor network signature-encryption,on the basis of identity-based signature（IBS） with the bilinear pairings on elliptic curves,an attribute-based encryption combined with identity-based signature （ABE-IBS） scheme was proposed,besides,one efficient signature-encryption scheme for WSN was also discussed. Analysis and experimental results show that proposed scheme has the low complexity and storage requirement,and can enhance the security of wireless sensor network.

In order to study the spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the soil of livestock farms, reveal whether there is a correlation between the heavy metal and ARGs, and provide the basic theoretical basis for the subsequent restoration and treatment of characteristic black soil. GIS was used to optimize the sampling point design, soil samples both in 10 cm-depth and 50 cm-depth layer were collected in Daqing Duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County, Heilongjiang Province. The contents of eight heavy metals were detected by atomic absorption spectrometer and atomic fluorescence photometer, and the pollution of heavy metals was evaluated by single factor pollution index and Nemero comprehensive pollution index. Twenty-eight antibiotic resistance genes in soil were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, Pearson index was used to analyze the correlation between heavy metals and ARGs, and the similarity between them was analyzed by clustering. In the single-factor pollution index of 10 cm-depth and 50 cm-depth soil, As elements all belong to the heavy pollution level (Pi >3), the other 7 elements belong to the safety level (Pi≤1)and the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index of 10 cm and 50 cm-depth soil all belonged to the heavy pollution level (Pcomprehensive>3). The distribution of 28 antibiotic resistance genes was significantly different, with the exception of β-lactams ARGs showing an increasing trend with the increase of soil depth, and all the others showed a decreasing trend with the increase of soil depth. The relative abundance of blaTEMin the 50 cm soil layer was high, approximately 0.65 copies of genes/copies of 16S rRNA genes. Correlation analysis showed that sul2 and tetX, tetR, tetW, tetC and tet34 were respectively correlated with heavy metals Cr, As, Pb and Cd to a certain extent in the soil of livestock farms (P<0.05). The selective pressure of As and Cr was similar to that of ARGs. Heavy metal pollution is serious in livestock farms, and the standard of ARGs pollution guidelines urgently need to be evaluated. This study can provide reference for restoring the ecological function of polluted black soil in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to analyze the spatial distribution and correlation of sulfonamides (SAs) and their antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), a livestock farm was taken as a case study, and 20 soil samples including 10-cm and 50-cm depth and 5 manure samples were collected. 13 kinds of SAs and 3 ARGs (sul1, sul2 and sul3) were quantitatively detected respectively, and Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to optimize sampling and visualize the spatial distribution. The spatial distribution of vertical concentrations were as followed: manure> 10 cm-depth soil> 50 cm-depth soil. The spatial distribution of horizontal concentrations were mainly concentrated in the southeast. 3 ARGs were detected in 10-cm and 50-cm depth soil layers. The distribution of ARGs relative abundance was 10 cm-depth soil> 50 cm-depth soil, and the expression pressure of antibiotic antagonistic genes was similar. It provides basic data for accurate analysis of antibiotic and resistance gene pollution and in-depth study of the spread of resistance genes in the surrounding environment of the livestock farms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Such a single factor as exercise or metformin plays a role in improving the blood glucose homeostasis in T2D, there is contradiction in the effects of exercise combined with metformin on blood glucose homeostasis in T2D: there is a promoting effect, yet there is a retraining effect too, related molecular mechanisms need to be further studied. By reviewing and evaluating the development of researches in this area, the authors analyzed the different effects of exercise combined with metformin on blood glucose homeostasis in T2D, explored and analyzed their causes and possible molecular mechanisms, so as to provide more reference for researches on new treatment targets and programs for treating T2D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maintaining and improving ecosystem services in urban areas and human well-being are essential for sustainable development and therefore constitute an important topic in urban ecology. Here we reviewed studies on ecosystem services in urban areas. Based on the concept and classification of urban ecosystem services, we summarized characteristics of urban ecosystem services, including the human domination, high demand of ecosystem services in urban areas, spatial heterogeneity and temporal dynamics of ecosystem services supply and demand in urban areas, multi-services of urban green infrastructures, the socio-economic dimension of ecosystem services supply and ecosystem disservices in urban areas. Among different urban ecosystem services, the regulating service and cultural service are particularly indispensable to benefit human health. We pointed out that tradeoffs among different types of ecosystem services mostly occur between supportive service and cultural service, as well as regulating service and cultural service. In particular, we emphasized the relationship between landscape design (i.e. green infrastructure) and ecosystem services supply. Finally, we discussed current gaps to link urban ecosystem services studies to landscape design and management and pointed out several directions for future research in urban ecosystem services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A concept of conical involute non-circular gear transmission and its processing method is proposed. On the theory of conical involute gear transmission and the enveloping principle of non-circular gear teeth profile, a method for processing conical involute non-circular gear was put forward, in which the rack was used as the medium of tooth profile. The corresponding mathematical processing model was built. Based on this model, the motion relationship between rack and non-circular gear pure rolling was revealed and the meshing equation and instantaneous contact line equation are deduced. Meanwhile, the parametric equation of conical involute non-circular gear, which was obtained after a coordinate transformation, could be deduced. And then, the forming characteristics of various forms of involute gear tooth profile were compared. Above equations are verified with the aid of numerical calculation software, and the intuitive graphics of conical involute non-circular gear were drawn using three-dimensional modeling tool. Thus the above results have verified that the proposed method is correct and effective, which provides a theoretical basis for the conical involute non-circular gear trasmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to investigate the performance of shearwalls connected with domestic nails in light wood frame structures, lateral resistance tests were conducted on 14 shearwalls in 7 groups with different dimensions and structural arrangements. Using ABAQUS, FE models of shearwalls were developed to simulate the structural behaviour. Both the experimental and numerical results show that failure of nail connections is the primary cause leading to the failure of shearwalls. The load-carrying capacity and the stiffness of shearwalls are proportional to the width. The performance of shearwalls with an opening, in terms of load-carrying capacity and stiffness, is higher than that of shearwalls without an opening but with the width equaling to the sum of the wall segments from the two sides of the opening. Gypsum panels improve the performance of shearwalls significantly. The empirical equations to predict the lateral resistance and stiffness of shearwalls were derived based on the test and FE modelling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Management in the 21st century is human-oriented, and how to dial with the relationship between the organization and employees is the core of management. Organizational commitment is an important topic for studying this relationship. Due to the downsizing resulting from organizational acquisition, merger and changes in the recent years, employees' organizational commitment is decreasing. Many studies suggest that employees with high organizational is one of the sources of the organization's sustainable competitive advantages, so it is very significant to enhance the employees' organizational commitment. A great number of studies show that organizational commitment has multiple dimensions, each with distinctive predicting effects. So far, it has not been significant in the dimensions' discriminate validity, so it is necessary to further study on the structural model of organizational commitment. Human resource management practices consisting of recruitment and selection, training and development, career management, compensation and motivation, and performance management, have significant effects on organizational commitment. But previous studies focused only on the effect of a single HRM practice on the organizational commitment and failed to examine the configuration effects of the overall HRM practices, nor about the process and effect mechanism of HRM practices. In view of rationally logical reasoning and theoretical, findings, there is a clear causal relationship between organizational commitment and performance, and organizational commitment has better predicting effects on performance while this relationship is obviously moderated by autonomy, employees' level, and so on. Recently, researchers have focused on the differences between concepts of organizational commitment and organizational identity strength, organizational identification. The findings suggest that organizational commitment is distinctively different from those concepts and significantly different in predicting effects on various outcome variables. With the increasing importance of organizational commitment, researches considered the affecting patterns of transformational leadership on organizational commitment, and they found that psychological empowerment, structural distance were the mediators of transformational leadership influencing organizational commitment. Based on traditional classic researches, some researchers further explored antecedents and the process mechanism of organizational commitment influencing outcome variables, and improved it a lot. Some studies focused on the effect patterns of organizational commitment on organizational citizenship behavior. Their findings show that self-concept have moderating effects on the relationship. The above-mentioned findings can be available for use in further analyzing the formation process of organizational commitment and adopting corresponding organizational management strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fe-Ni nanocrystals with different Ni content were produced by mechanical alloying method through different milling time. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that in the samples with Ni content of 10% and 20%, Ni atoms entirely dissolved in the Fe lattice, and single α (bcc) phase forms after milling 20 h and 50 h respectively, while in the sample with 50% Ni, single γ (fcc) phase forms after milling 120 h, and the forward and backward transformations of γ (fcc) ⟺α (bcc) occur in turn. The solubilities of α (bcc) and γ (fcc) phase are obviously higher than those of their equilibrium conditions. The α (bcc) and γ (fcc) phases in samples with 35% coexists during the whole milling time. Three XRD analysis methods were used to precisely measure grain size and microstrain, from which it was found that the grain sizes of Fe-Ni alloys with different Ni content reach nanometer range after milling 20 h, moreover, the grain size decreases and microstrain increases with prolonging milling time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To study the clinical features of children infected with the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)., Methods: The medical data of 19 children who were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection from January 28 to March 3, 2022 in Hangzhou were retrospectively reviewed., Results: Among the 19 children, there were 7 boys (37%) and 12 girls (63%), and their age ranged from 6 months to 16 years, with a median age of 2 years and 1 month. Most of these children were infants and young children (aged ≤3 years, accounting for 53%). Among these children, 11 (58%) were unvaccinated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and 8 (42%) were vaccinated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, and 3 children (16%) had a history of underlying diseases. All 19 children had a clear history of close contact with persons infected with SARS-CoV-2, and 10 children (53%) were involved in the cluster outbreak in a maternal and infant care center. In terms of clinical classification, 13 children (68%) had mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and 6 (32%) had common COVID-19, with no severe cases of COVID-19. The most common clinical symptoms were cough (100%) and fever (63%). The children with a normal peripheral white blood cell count accounted for 84%, and those with a normal lymphocyte count accounted for 68%. There were no significant abnormalities in platelet count, procalcitonin, liver function parameters (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase), and renal function parameters (creatinine and urea). Six children (32%) had obvious signs of pneumonia on chest CT. All 19 children were given symptomatic treatment, and 12 children (63%) were given aerosol inhalation of interferon α. All children were cured and discharged., Conclusions: Children infected with Omicron variant strains are more common in infants and young children, with mild symptoms and good prognosis. Most of the children have a history of close contact with persons infected with SARS-CoV-2, and epidemic prevention and control should be strengthened in places with many infants and children, such as maternal and infant care centers.

The long-term and extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the cultivation of Chinese materia medica has resulted in serious soil ecological and environmental problems such as secondary salinization, soil consolidation, soil acidification, continuous cropping obstacles, micro-ecological imbalance, and serious soil pests and diseases in the production areas of Chinese materia medica. Therefore, promoting the ecological planting of Chinese materia medica is the only way for the production of Chinese materia medica. Attapulgite(ATP) is a kind of water-rich magnesium-rich aluminosilicate clay mineral with layered and chain structure. It has abundant reserves in China, possesses nano-material properties, strong adsorption and ion exchange properties, and has huge high value utilization space. ATP and its functional products have the potential of water and fertilizer conservation, regulating soil structure and micro-ecology, and are widely used in ecological planting of Chinese materia medica. This paper reviews the resource distribution, structural characteristics, the research and application progress in soil ecological effects of ATP, and prospects the application prospects of it in the ecological planting of Chinese materia medica.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcome of arthroscopic reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) with short femoral tunnel., Methods: From May 2013 to June 2017, 128 patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were performed with Transportal technique. Among them, 32 cases had short femoral tunnel were included, including 13 males and 19 females, aged 25.8 (17 to 43) years old, with a mean history of (4.5±1.1) months. The tibial tunnels were drilled in the middle of the footprint of the ACL, and femoral tunnels were drilled by transportal technique. Grafts were fixed with Endobutton at the femoral side and with interference screw at the tibial side. The changes of symptoms and signs were observed and the anterior tibial displacement was measured. The function of knee joint was evaluated by Lysholm score and Tegner score., Results: All patients were followed up for over 2 years. At the latest follow-up, 30 patients were negative and 2 patients were positive in knee shift test; 28 patients were negative in Lachman sign, 4 patients were positive in degree I; 30 patients were negative in anterior drawer test, 1 patient was positive in degree I and 1 patient was positive in degree II. The anterior displacement of the tibia increased by (2.6±1.8) mm compared with the healthy side, which was significantly different from that before operation ( t =19.77, P <0.05). Lysholm score of 82.2±6.1 was significantly higher than that before operation ( t =17.33, P =0.001). According to Lysholm score evaluation, 15 cases got an excellent result, 10 were good, 7 were fair, and no bad results, with a significant difference compared with that before operation ( z =-7.151, P <0.05). Tegner motor function score of (7.4±0.6) was significantly different from that before operation ( t =9.11, P =0.000 5). After operation, the knee joint movement ability of the patients improved significantly. Twelve patients could participate in antagonistic sports and 15 patients could participate in non-antagonistic sports. Fifteen patients were very satisfied with the curative effect, 13 patients were satisfied with the curative effect., Conclusions: The incidence of short femoral tunnel in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with transportal technique is 25%. At present, the clinical effect of patients with short tunnel is acceptable. However, due to the lack of comparative study, the effect of short tunnel on the curative effect is still unclear., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© 2019 by the China Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Press.)

Maintaining and improving ecosystem services in urban areas and human well-being are essential for sustainable development and therefore constitute an important topic in urban ecology. Here we reviewed studies on ecosystem services in urban areas. Based on the concept and classification of urban ecosystem services, we summarized characteristics of urban ecosystem services, including the human domination, high demand of ecosystem services in urban areas, spatial heterogeneity and temporal dynamics of ecosystem services supply and demand in urban areas, multi-services of urban green infrastructures, the socio-economic dimension of ecosystem services supply and ecosystem disservices in urban areas. Among different urban ecosystem services, the regulating service and cultural service are particularly indispensable to benefit human health. We pointed out that tradeoffs among different types of ecosystem services mostly occur between supportive service and cultural service, as well as regulating service and cultural service. In particular, we emphasized the relationship between landscape design (i.e. green infrastructure) and ecosystem services supply. Finally, we discussed current gaps to link urban ecosystem services studies to landscape design and management and pointed out several directions for future research in urban ecosystem services.

Objective: To investigate the tissue toxicity and degradation of ZK60 magnesium alloy with micro-arc oxidation coatings (MAO-ZK60), in order to discuss the possibility of its potential application for orthopedic implantation., Methods: Eighteen Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized equally to three groups of A, B, C. MAO-ZK60 sticks were implanted in the femoral condyles of rats in group A (experimental group). Sticks of ZK60 magnesium alloy without any surface treatment (ZK60) were implanted in the femoral condyles of rats in group B (control group). The poly L-lactic acid (PLLA) sticks were implanted in the femoral condyles of rats in group C (control group). The changes of blood bio-chemical indexes of different groups were observed and compared. All the rats were sacrificed at 12 weeks and histological observation of liver and kidney were carried out to evaluate the hepatic and renal toxicity. Micro-CT was used to evaluate the degradation of the implants and to observe the bone-implant interface. GEHC MicroView software was operated to calculate the volume variation of magnesium alloy., Results: There was no apparent biochemical index change with time in each group, and there was no significant change among each group. No significant pathology change of liver and kidney was detected among three groups. By using a micro-CT, a gap was found on the bone-implant interface at 4 weeks after implantation in group A, which decreased gradually at 8 weeks after implantation and continued to decrease at 12 weeks after implantation. A good combination between bone and implant formed at 12 weeks after implantation. Group A has less change of volume with time than group B (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: ZK60 magnesium alloy with micro-arc oxidation coatings is safe in vivo. It has higher corrosion resistance than ZK60 magnesium alloy without any surface treatment.

In the article, pollutant content of 220 road dust samples within the sixth ring road of Beijing have been investigated by using grid stationing sampling method. The changing characteristics of road nude number per unit area, road network density and pollutant content within buffering areas along urban to rural gradient were also studied. Three following variation trends are presented as each index varies widely within the research areas. Firstly, road nude number per unit area, road network density and Cu, Cr, Pb content decrease along urban to rural gradient, and they decrease sharply in the beginning. Secondly, Mn, Cd content change a little along urban to rural gradient, and mean value remains stable. Thirdly, the content of Ni, TOC, TN decreases along with the distance fluctuations in the beginning and their mean values are then rising slowly in the suburbs. The turning point of pollutant content are found in places 15-20 km away from city center. The article shows that the road index and Cd content are irrelevant, and weak correlations are found between road index, TS, Mn and pH. And other relevance ranking are described as follows: Cu > TN > TOC > Pb > Ni > Cr. In contrast with road network density, higher correlations between road nude number per unit area and each element are fond, and element pollution of Cu, TN, TOC, Pb, Ni and Cr could be indicated by these indicators.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility and clinical benefits of umbilical hernia repair in conjunction with abdominoplasty., Methods: The incision was designed in accord with abdominoplasty. The skin and subcutaneous tissue was dissected toward the costal arch, and then the anterior sheath of rectus abdominus was exposed. After exposure and dissection of the sac of umbilical hernia, tension-free hernioplasty was performed with polypropylene mesh. After dissecting the redundant skin and subcutaneous tissue, the abdominal wall was tightened., Results: Between May 2008 and May 2011, ten patients were treated in the way mentioned above. The repair of umbilical hernia and the correction of abdominal wall laxity were satisfactory. There was no recurrence of umbilical hernia, hematoma, seroma or fat liquefaction., Conclusion: Through careful selection of patients, repair of umbilical hernia and body contouring could be achieved simultaneously.

Thin films of cadmium sulfide (CdS) were prepared with ammonium chloride, cadmium chloride, potassium hydroxide and thiourea by chemical bath deposition (CBD). For comparison, CdS films were also deposited by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering, using CdS and argon as a target and reactive gas, respectively. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The results show that the CdS films prepared by the above two methods have (002) orientation, the CdS films deposited by RF magnetron sputtering are more compact and much smoother than those prepared by CBD, and have lager crystalline size of about 20-30 nm. The CdS films prepared by CBD have smaller crystalline size and more defects. The properties of CdS thin films prepared by RF magnetron sputtering are totally superior to those of CdS films by CBD, but the optical transmittance of CdS thin films at short wavelength is an exception. The energy gap of CdS films prepared by the two methods are all in the range of 2.3-2.5 eV.

Objective: To explore the clinical pathological characteristics of Lynch syndrome associated ovarian cancer., Methods: Totally 260 cases ovarian cancer patients were admitted to Tianjin Medical University General Hospital during Jan. 2004 and Jan. 2011, among which 10 patients (LS group) belonged to Lynch syndrome associated ovarian cancer according to Amsterdam II criteria. One hundred ovarian cancer patients without any family cancer history were enrolled randomizely as control group (sporadic group)., Results: Lynch syndrome associated ovarian cancer accounted for 3.8% (10/260), the incidence rate of ovarian cancer for female family members of Lynch syndrome was 8.7% (10/115). Mean age at time of diagnosis in LS group was (46 ± 7) years, significantly earlier than that in sporadic group [(56 ± 11) years, P < 0.05]. There was no statistical difference between two groups in histological type or International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage (P > 0.05). Most of the tissue differentiation in LS group were well or moderate differentiated, there was statistical difference between the two groups (9/10 vs. 55%, P < 0.05). The 3-year and 5-year survival rate in LS group were 87.5% and 52.5% respectively, compared with 55.4%and 22.7% in sporadic group (all P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Compared with sporadic ovarian cancer, Lynch syndrome associated ovarian cancer is more likely present as the clinical pathological characteristics of early age of onset, serous adenocarcinoma, lower grade and better prognosis.

Objective: To investigate whether mouse-induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell line IP14D-1 has the potential to differentiate into induced primordial germ cells (iPGCs), and to explore the changes in the expression of iPGCs-differentiation associated genes and their possible mechanisms., Methods: Undifferentiated IP14D-1 was cultured to proliferate and then differentiated to form 4-, 7- and 9-day-old induced embryoid bodies (iEBs) in vitro, respectively. RT-PCR and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expressions of Lin28, Blimpl, Stra8 and Mvh, as well as the localization of the corresponding protein in iEBs., Results: The expression of Blimpl was higher than that of Lin28 in the undifferentiated IP14D-1 and mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Mvh and Stra8 as well as mESCs and EBs were also expressed in IP14D-1 and iEBs, but with no significant differences. The expression of Lin28 was gradually increased in the IP14D-1-derived iEBs from 4 to 7 days, but decreased at 9 days, and the expression of Blimp1 was gradually reduced with the prolonged growing time of iEBs., Conclusion: A stable system was established for the culture and differentiation of IP14D-1 and IP14D-1-derived iEBs. The expressions of Lin28, Blimp1, Mvh and Stra8 were not significantly different between the undifferentiated IP14D-1 and mESCs, nor were the expressions of Mvh and Stra8 between iEBs and EBs. IP14D-1 and iEBs had the potential to differentiate into iPGCs, which increased in number in the 7-day-old iEBs, and the expression of iPGC-differentiation associated Lin28 became lower in the older iEBs.

Objective: Interactions of cells with the extracellular matrix (ECM) are essential for cell differentiation. The authors sought to determine the roles of different ECMs in the expressions of germ cell differentiation associated genes after mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) differentiated into embryoid bodies (EBs)., Methods: EBs derived from mESCs were maintained in suspension for 3 days and then cultured on the plates coated with various ECMs, including fibronectin (F), laminin (L), matrigel (M), collagen (C) and nonadhensive agarose (A), respectively, for 1, 2, 3 or 4 days, followed by evaluation of the expressions of the genes associated with germ cell differentiation by RT-PCR., Results: The EBs of the F and L groups exhibited facilitated adherent differentiation. The expressions of the Blimp-1, Stella, Mvh and Stra8 genes were increased gradually in the F and L but not obviously in the M and C groups. The overall gene expressions were low in the A group, but high and then gradually decreased in the blank control group. Endogenous fibronectin, laminin and integrin beta1 were obviously expressed in the L and control groups., Conclusion: Laminin /integrin beta1 signaling may play a role in regulating the differentiation of mESCs into primordial germ cells (PGCs). Exogenous laminin can facilitate the differentiation of mESC-derived EBs into PGCs by acting on the integrin beta1 subunit, while exogenous fibronectin may be involved in the regulation of the differentiation through other integrin subunit. Endogenous laminin and fibronectin secreted by EBs may also facilitate cell differentiation in the absence of exogenous ECMs.

Objective: Comparing the pyretolysis effect of Cornu Rhinoceri Soup, an ancient prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine, on fever model of rabbits after Cornu Bos grunniens from Tibet substituting Cornu Rhinoceri, in order to find the succedaneums of Cornu Rhinoceri, a rare animal medicine., Methods: The fever model was made by over-due Triple-Vaccine i.v. through the vein of rabbit in edge ear. 1 hour later, the different decoctions i.g. in different groups of rabbits, then detecting the dynamic changes of body temperature in fever rabbits., Results: 1 hour after the decoction i.g., there were significant pyretolysis effects in the Cornu Bos grunniens groups of rabbits with large and small dosage (P < 0.05 or 0.01). After 2h,the same effect showed in the Cornu Bubali group with large dosage (P < 0.05 or 0.01) and 3h later in small one. In the groups of Cornu Rhinoceri, large dosage i.g. 1 h later, the rising amplitude of body temperature in fever rabbits was slower comparing to the model group. 2h later, there were the same effects as other groups., Conclusion: The pyretolysis effect of Cornu Rhinoceri Soup on fever model rabbits is as same as it of which containing Cornu Bos grunniens instead of Cornu Rhinoceri. It means that the Cornu Bos grunniens from Tibet could be the substitution of Cornu Rhinoceri.

Objective: To understand the genotypes of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and the genetic character of hMPV attachment protein G sequence in Hunan, China., Methods: 232 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA) samples from hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections were collected from Hunan, China in 2005. HMPV was detected. The full length of G glycoprotein genes were amplified and sequenced. Bioinformatics soft-wares were employed to analyze the sequences., Results: 17/232 (7.3%) were showed hMPV positive. And co-infection rate with other viruses is 35%. The diagnoses of these hMPV positive cases are pneumonia, bronchiolitis and bronchopneumonia. Phylogenetic analysis for G genes from 13 hMPVs revealed the existence of four major subgroups: A1, A2, B1, B2 in Hunan, China in 2005. There are four types of sequence lengths of hMPV G glycoprotein, which are 711, 675, 660, 696nt. It is different in potential N-linked glycosylation sites and number of cysteine residues among these hMPVs of Hunan, China and Beijing, China. Also it is different from those in Japan and North America., Conclusion: The investigation of hMPV from Hunan, China in 2005 revealed the high speed of genetic variation and the marked character of geographic epidemic differences.

The full-length genome of one human bocavirus (HBoV) and the VP1 sequences of nine HBoV were amplified from patients' samples by PCR, cloned into pGEM-T vector separately, and sequenced. In this study, the one full length gemome and nine VP1 sequences of HBoV were aligened with 14 sequences of Parvoviruses which were canonical exemplars in Parvovirinae. Phylogenetic analysis showed that HBoV capsid sequences positioned closely to B19 parvovirus, although they positioned far in phylogenetic tree based on full length genome. Many similarities were found between HBoV and B19 in capsid by alignment on secondary structural elements. Because both B19 and HBoV are the only Parvoviruses that infect mankind, so study on HBoV may be used for reference to B19 which had been studied for about 30 years. By analysis of mutational sites, HBoV capsid protein showed a highly conserved secondary structural elements, but highly active in VP1-U, leading end of VP2 and insertions between the strands of the betaG-H. This cued that HBoV inclined to immune evasion and infectant adaptive faculty.

In this paper, a method of microwave digestion technique for the contents determination of trace elements Ni, Zn, Mn, Cu, Mg, Fe, Ca and Pb in radix ophiopogonis by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emition spectrometry (HG-ICP-AES) was reported. Its recovery ratio obtained by standard addition method ranged between 97.8% and 102.5%, and its RSD was lower than 4.0%. The results of the determination show that radix ophiopogonis is rich in the inorganic elements such as Fe, and the content of Zn in radix ophiopogonis of Zhejiang is much higher in radix ophiopogonis of Sichun. The result will provide scientific data for the study on the elements in radix ophiopogonis and on their relativity of medicine efficacy.

Objective: To study the clinical characteristics of human bocavirus (HBoV) among children and to understand the association of HBoV with human diseases., Method: Totally 148 nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) samples were collect from hospitalized children with acute respiratory infection during Oct. 2005 to Feb. 2006. Two serum samples were obtained from HBoV positive patients. PCR was used to assay all these samples and PCR products were sequenced., Result: HBoV was positive in 11 of 148 NPA samples. The positive rate was 7.4 percent. The serum samples of HBoV infected patients showed that serum contained HBoV by PCR assay. All these HBoV positive patients had the clinical symptoms of bronchitis, bronchopneumonia and pneumonia. Some patients had diarrhea., Conclusion: All patients infected with HBoV had upper and lower respiratory tract infections. HBoV is a probable important pathogen of upper and lower respiratory tract infection. The HBoV could cause viremia. In addition, some HBoV patients had diarrhea. HBoV infection probably could also result in intestinal disease and other related symptoms.

The chemical constituents of the Mgrtol standardized were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (GC-FTIR). The relative content of each component was determined by area nomalization method. Twelve peaks were separated and were all identified by FTIR through search method. The results showed that the Mgrtol standardized mainly consists of 3 kinds of single terpenes, including 1,8-cineole, D-limonen and alpha-pinene, which account for 14.70%, 36.83% and 46.35% respectively, totaling to 97.88% of the entire compositions of the Mgrtol standardized. The results are the same as those analyzed by GC-MS. Comparing with GC-MS, the isomers of organic compounds separated by gas chromatography could be determined by GC-FTIR. So this method has wider application value. The results also provided a scientific proof for the further development of the plant.

Aim: Rats cardiovascular expression of CGRPmRNA surveyed after an eight-week swimming training, and molecular mechanism of exercise-induced adaptation were studied., Methods: 24 purebred male SD rats were divided randomly into three groups (n = 8): control (CR), exhaust (ER), train (TR). After swimming training left ventricular muscle and main artery arch were extracted, we inspected the expression of CGRPmRNA by RT-PCR., Results: (1) Comparing with the control group, once exhausting exercise had no significant effect on cardiovascular expression of CGRPmRNA. (2) Comparing with the control group, long-term aerobic swimming training upregulated significantly cardiac expression of CGRPmRNA., Conclusion: Long-term aerobic training induced benign cardiac adaptation in molecular level. Long-term aerobic swimming training had no significant effect on vascular expression of CGRPmRNA.

Chlorpromazine hydrochloride and promethazine hydrochloride were oxidized fastly resulting in red intermediate product, which was then gradually changed into a colorless product by ammonium cerous sulfate in appropriate acidic medium. The chemometric multivariate calibration methods, such as partial least squares (PLS) and principal components regression (PCR) were applied to the resolution of the kinetic curves to determine these two compounds. The linear ranges are 8.3 - 66.7 mg x L(-1) and 3.3 - 26.7 mg x L(-1) for chlorpromazine and promethazine, respectively. The limits of detections are 2.32 and 0.95 mg x L(-1) for these two compounds, respectively. This method was successfully applied to the analysis of pharmaceutical samples with satisfied results.