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Objective To investigate the correlation between the titer of anti-A or anti-B antibodies before and after the absorption of IgG anti-AB antibodies in the serum of type O mothers with ABO hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn (ABO-HDFN) and the total bilirubin in the serum of the children. Methods Serum samples from 119 children diagnosed with ABO-HDFN and their mothers sent to the Beijing Red Cross Blood Center from January to December 2020 were selected, and clinical data of the children were collected. Three hemolysis tests and serum total bilirubin (TBIL) determination were conducted on the children. IgG anti-A or anti-B antibody titers were tested before and after the mother′s serum absorbed IgG anti-AB antibodies. Statistical analysis was conducted on the IgG antibody titers and the TBIL results of the children. The differences in TBIL results corresponding to different IgG antibody titers were compared. The Spearman test was used to analyze the correlation between the IgG anti-A or -B antibody titers and TBIL results before and after the absorption of IgG anti-AB antibodies. Results There were differences in the TBIL results corresponding to IgG anti-A or anti-B titers at different levels in the serum of type O mothers after absorption by IgG anti-AB antibodies (F=8.401, 19.622, P0.05). The IgG anti-A or anti-B titers of maternal serum absorbed by IgG anti-AB antibodies were positively correlated with neonatal TBIL results (r=0.487, 0.629, P

Objective To study the protective effect of glycine solution on frozen red blood cell thawing process. Methods A total of 20 bags of 1 U of leukocytes reduced suspended red blood cells within 6 days were selected for the study. After mixing, each 2 bags of suspended red blood cells were divided into 2 bags and into two groups with 10 bags of 1 U in each group, and were frozen for storage. One group was deglycerolized with sodium chloride solution (control group), and one group was deglycerolized with glycine solution (experimental group). The hemoglobin, free hemoglobin, residual glycerol, total glycerol in red blood cells, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) were detected in the two groups. Results Compared with the free hemoglobin content (0.90±0.05)g/L and residual glycerol content (1.17± 0.08)g/L in the control group, the final product red blood cell supernatant free hemoglobin content (0.77±0.15)g/L and residual glycerol content (0.79±0.33)g/L in the experimental group were decreased, and the difference was statistically significant (P

Fault step zones are well developed in faulted lake basins in the eastern part of China, among which, forward fault step zones account for a large proportion, and their spatiotemporal configuration relationship, oil and gas accumulation periods and accumulation conditions, which play a key role in the geological evaluation of regional oil and gas exploration, are difficult to study. In order to further clarify its hydrocarbon accumulation mode and filling period, the authors, by taking the Paleogene Dongying and Shahejie formations in the study area as the main target layers, and selecting wells Qidong 3-1, Zhang 10 and Chenghai 16 to represent the low, medium and high fault levels of the fault area, respectively, conducted in-depth research on the oil and gas properties and distribution laws of different charging stages in various districts of Chengbei through reservoir microlithography observation, fluid inclusion identification, salt water inclusion homogenization temperature and salinity test, GOI statistical analysis and other technologies; applied laser Raman test to effectively identify the gas composition of single inclusions in wells Zhang-10 and Qidong 3-1, determined the specific oil and gas accumulation time in Chengbei fault step zone in combination with the single well burial history, paleogeothermal history and autoclastic illite K-Ar isotopic dating technology of well Qidong 3-1, and summarized the four accumulation elements of source rocks, reservoirs, preservation and transportation in Chengbei area. There are two charging stages in the reservoir, the specific accumulation time of the first stage is from the end of Dongying to the early stage of Guantao, about 16 Ma ±, while that of the second stage is in the early stage of Minghua Town, starting from 6 Ma ± and continuing to the present. Multiple sets of reservoir layers are developed in the study area, and the special fault step structure plays a controlling role in channeling the source rocks and reservoirs, the sealing and preservation of oil and gas, and the transportation and accumulation of reservoirs. The regional accumulation conditions are relatively mature, and the lateral migration-accumulation mode of dual-source hydrocarbon supply and multi-stage accumulation and the longitudinal migration-accumulation mode of fault-sand coupling and relay climbing are reflected in the process of oil and gas accumulation.

The quality of source and reservoir rocks as well as their spatial assemblage types are crucial factors that controlling the charging, accumulation, and enrichment of tight oil resource. However, there are still deficiencies in the understanding about these factors, especially regarding differences in the mechanism of charging, accumulation, and enrichment of tight oil between different source-reservoir assemblage types, which restricts the formation of theory as well as the process of exploration and development. Taking the Qingxi Sag of the Jiuquan Basin as an example, we have drawn conclusions by field observations, core descriptions, and drilling analyses that there may be eight types of source-reservoir assemblages. Among these, there are three basic types, namely, the lower-generating and upper-reserving type, upper-generating and lower-reserving type, and sandwich-like type. In addition, there are two special types, the self-generating and self-reserving type and source-reservoir interbedding type. Moreover, the other three types are composite types, which are the lowergenerating and upper-reserving type Ⅱ, upper-generating and lower-reserving type Ⅱ, and sandwich-like type Ⅱ. Among the above mentioned eight types, the first five types are common. The results of statistical drilling and nuclear magnetic resonance experiments mutually verify the corresponding relation between source-reservoir assemblage type and tight oil enrichment. The assemblage types can be ranked according to their positive correlation with enrichment in the following order, from the highest to the lowest: self-generating and self-reservoiring type, sandwich-like type, upper-generating and lower-reservoiring type, lower-generating and upper-reservoiring type, and source-reservoir interbedding type. Differences in the mechanism of charging, accumulation, and enrichment of tight oil among the five common source-reservoir assemblage types are revealed and explained. In addition, their accumulation and enrichment patterns are determined and principal controlling factors are proposed, namely, accumulation dynamics, charging patterns, and storage conditions, which are in fact closely related to the source-reservoir assemblage types.

The dynamic physical simulation of natural gas accumulation process is one of the important means to reveal the mechanism of natural gas migration and accumulation and to summarize its distribution law. However, due to the characteristics of natural gas itself including "easy to leak, difficult to move and difficult to observe" have become holdbacks for the physical simulation of natural gas migration and accumulation. In order to reveal the migration and accumulation mechanisms of fault-controlled gas reservoirs, and to summarize the formation sequence and distribution pattern of gas reservoirs, typical reservoirs in Dongping, Mahai and Nanbaxian areas in the northwestern part of Tarim Basin were taken as examples to establish a geological evolution model for each reservoir. Aiming at the problems of gas reservoir simulation, an adjustable simulation device for gas migration and accumulation was designed, which could realize the dynamic process of structural change and clarify the phenomenon of gas charging and migration, and the formation process of typical gas reservoirs such as Dongping, and Mahai-Nanbaxian, etc. was successfully simulated. It is clear that the fault not only acts as a channel for gas migration and power transmission, but also controls the evolution sequence and distribution pattern. The formation and evolution sequence models of two different types of natural gas reservoirs, named "late accumulation" and "long-term accumulation", were proposed, the mechanism of natural gas migration and accumulation driven by "fault transmission and high pressure" was revealed, and the vertical preservation sequence featured by "co-existence of natural gas in both deep and shallow formations, and the deeper formations are more favorable for preservation" was concluded. A new concept of natural gas exploration was put forward that "if there are shallow gas reservoirs, there must be deep ones", and we can find natural gas from shallow to deep formations.

Objective To investigate the inactivation function of 25Gy X-ray irradiation on apheresis platelets’ lymphocytes and its effect on the quantity of apheresis platelets(AP). Methods Twenty healthy voluntary AP donors from January to May 2021 in our center were selected, and 2 bags of AP were donated by each of them. The APs were divided into two groups to undergo X-ray and γ-ray irradiation for 10 min. Lymphocytes were separated from AP samples, before and after irradiation, by lymphocyte separation solution to analyze and compare the effect of X-ray and γ-ray on lymphocyte proliferation. The CD41b, CD62p, blood routine and pH of APs before and 1-day/3-day after irradiation were detected. SPSS statistical software was used to analyze and compare the differences between groups by independent sample t-test. Results After 25Gy X-ray and γ-ray irradiation, the inhibition rates of lymphocytes were (98.034±1.778)% and (97.882±1.915)%, respectively.Compared with the γ irradiation group, the difference of Plt, PDW, MPV, P-LCR, PCT, pH, CD41b and CD62p between 1-day and 3-day group after 25Gy X-ray irradiation showed not statistically significance (P>0.05). Conclusion 25Gy X-ray irradiation can effectively inactivate lymphocytes in APs, and the radiation effect was equivalent with γ-ray; at the same time, there was no significant influence on the quantity of APs.

On the basis of formulating and perfecting the definition and connotation of tight oil, a comparative study was carried out on the basin formation, hydrocarbon generation, hydrocarbon preservation and reservoir formation for 9 tight oil basins of China and 6 of USA. It was concluded that China′s tight oil has great potential, but the accumulation conditions are complex and diverse. There are 9 tight oil basins in China located in 3 tectonic areas in the eastern, middle and western parts of mainland China. Due to the combined action of the 3 plates of the Pacific, Siberia and India, the type, scale and formation of tight oil basins as well as the generation, preservation and enrichment of hydrocarbon are varied and have regular change trends among the three tectonic areas. From the western tectonic area to the central and then to the eastern one, the distribution scale of tight oil changes from small to large and then to middle, and the number of tight oil distribution horizon decreases from the Upper Permian to the Middle Jurassic and finally to the Lower Cretaceous. The generation conditions of tight oil changed from bad to good and to relatively good. The types of tight oil reservoirs change from multiple and complex to relatively complex and then to relatively simple. The reservoir performance of tight oil reservoirs changes from relatively good to relatively poor and to relatively good, while permeability changes from relatively high to relatively low and to relatively high. The conditions of tight oil migration and accumulation change from relatively poor to good and to relatively good, and the types of tight oil reservoirs change from more to less and back to more. The exploration and development potential of tight oil is the largest in the western tectonic area, followed by the central and then the eastern one. The tight oil basins and tight oil accumulations in China and USA have both commonalities and obvious differences. The fundamental reasons for the differences are the stability of structures and the heterogeneity of sedimentary facies. The tight oil basins in China have poorer tectonic stability and continental deposition, while the tight oil basins in USA have better structural stability and marine deposition. As a result, the hydrocarbon generation capacity of tight oil basins in China is worse than that in USA, but the reservoir conditions are generally better than those in USA. The accumulation mechanism and model of tight oil enrichment in China are more complex than those in USA. The quality of tight oil in USA is generally better than that in China. The size of tight oil basins in USA and the exploration and development potential of tight oil are greater than those in China.

A negative tectonic area refers to the relatively lower tectonic area from slope to deep depression in a basin. The theoretical understanding of oil and gas accumulation in the negative tectonic area is based on three accumulation models of "lithologic and stratigraphic reservoirs in the area of sag, lacustrine shale oil in deep depression, and coalbed methane in syncline area". Integrating with previous studies on reservoirs in negative tectonic area, a systematic knowledge system of oil and gas accumulation mechanisms and distribution laws in negative tectonic areas has been formed. The key points are as follows: (1) From the center to the margin of basin, oil and gas reservoirs are distributed in a circular order in the transverse direction, and enrich radially along dominant petroleum migration pathways in the longitudinal direction. (2) Due to different tectonic backgrounds, the sedimentary characteristics, hydrocarbon accumulation conditions, accumulation mechanism and distribution laws of negative tectonic area are greatly different from those of the positive tectonic area. (3) In deep depression and low slope, in situ hydrocarbon accumulation is dominant, and unconventional oil and gas distribution ring (inner ring) is formed. On medium and high slopes, passing oil and gas are captured, and lithologic and stratigraphic oil and gas distribution ring (central ring) is formed. While in positive tectonic area, oil and gas accumulate in high locations, and tectonic oil and gas distribution ring (outer ring) is developed. (4) An exploration idea based on the theory of oil and gas accumulation in negative tectonic area was proposed as follows. The target area should be integrately considered and exploration should be carried out from ring to ring. Migration pathways must be reguarded as a clue to seize oil and gas targets. The theory of oil and gas accumulation in negative tectonic area has effectively guided the discovery of a large number of subtle and unconventional oil and gas reservoirs in the slopes and deep sags of Jizhong and Huanghua depressions, and enriched the modern theory of oil and gas accumulation. It has an important practical guiding value for the exploration of deep complex subtle reservoirs and unconventional reservoirs in the negative tectonic area of basins.

It has important theoretical and practical significance to clarify the causes and distribution of oil and gas. This paper focused on the key scientific issues in the current petroleum genesis research, guided by the general principles of global tectonics and petroleum geology. Various petroleum genesis hypotheses have been sorted out, merged, integrated and innovated, thus a hypothesis framework of organic-inorganic coupling causes for petroleum was introduced. The main factors are that oil (including natural gas) is a renewable resource with multiple origins and has huge reserves. The formation and distribution of petroleum is the result of the coupling of four pairs of hydrocarbon-forming factors, including basin and mantle uplift, deep and shallow fluids, organic and inorganic hydrocarbon generation mechanisms, deep faults and sealing conditions. The higher degree of organic-inorganic cause coupling indicates the richer the oil and gas. The basin and the area below its basement are the locations with the best degree of coupling, followed by the deep and large fault development areas with good sealing conditions in the surrounding areas of the basin. The matching of deep and large faults with sealing conditions is an important factor constraining hydrocarbon accumulation. Large-scale traps with good sealing conditions in long-term, multi-period or recent active deep and large fault development areas are the most favorable targets for major exploration successes.

Taking the tight oil of the Zhongnan sag in the Ordos Basin, Jimusar sag in the Junggar Basin and Qingxi sag in the Jiuquan Basin as study objects, based on field survey, dissection of tight oil reservoirs, sample test, modeling experiment and comprehensive analysis, this study reveals that the tight oil accumulates at start-up pressure, advances under differential pressure, diffuses at alternating fast and low speeds, charges in stepped large area and migrates rapidly through fractures, and enriches in dominant fractures and pores. The root cause of ladder-like charge is the multiple scales of pores. The widespread source rock with high hydrocarbon generation intensity is the material basis for tight oil enrichment; the dominant source reservoir assemblage is the basic unit for tight oil enrichment; fractures and beddings are conducive to local rapid migration of tight oil; fractures and pores work together to control the enrichment of tight oil. Two typical accumulation models of tight oil are established, namely “source reservoir in coexistence, four optimal factors controlling enrichment around central area, and large-scale continuous distribution” for a large freshwater lake clastic rock basin and “source reservoir integration, four optimal factors controlling enrichment, central area distribution, small in size but high in enrichment degree “ for a small saline lake diamictite depression.

The progress in pore structure characterization, hydrocarbon occurrence state, mechanism of oil and gas accumulation, main controlling factors and high production model of unconventional oil and gas is reviewed. The unconventional oil and gas geological research developed from observation of the nanopores to quantitative full scale and 3D pore structure characterization, from macroscopic occurrence state study to microscopic occurrence state evolution discussion, from differential pressure drive and preferential channel migration to staged accumulation and wettability preferential migration, from accumulation controlled by source to accumulation jointly controlled by source-reservoir assemblage and preservation conditions, from accumulation model to enrichment and high production model, revealing the research progresses and future trends of unconventional oil and gas geology. Challenges are presented in unconventional oil and gas geological theory, enrichment conditions and recoverable resources potential of deeply buried unconventional oil and gas, combination of unconventional oil and gas geological research and engineering technique, and basic geologic research for joint mining of different unconventional oil and gas resources. Key words: unconventional oil and gas, geological theory, research progress, development trend, issues and challenges

Objective: To explore the biological functions of E77.43, a gene segment of Microtus fortis , in treating Schistosoma japonicum infection., Methods: Recombinant retroviral vectors of pRevTRE - E77.43 was constructed, and recombinant retroviral vectors were transfected into PA317 cells, and the stable cell lines were obtained by hygromycin screening, followed by the packaging, concentration and purification of recombinant retrovirus. The virus was transferred to the mice infected by S. japonicum via intravenous or intraperitoneal injection, through which the express of target gene and the treatment function in vivo were observed., Results: The experiment showed the recombinant virus injected mice could efficiently express E77.43 on the 7th day after the injection which lasted for forty - five days thereafter. A significant reduction in adult worms (31.0%) and a high reduction (35.0%) in liver eggs were induced by pRevTRE - E77.43, while the reduction in adult worms and that in liver eggs was 1.2% and 0.9% induced by pRevTRE respectively ( t = 3.524, 9.485, both P ＜0.01)., Conclusions: pRevTRE - E77.43 could be used for the treatment of S. japonicum infection, indicating that E77.43 may involve in the natural resistance of M. fortis to S. japonicum infection.