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In order to investigate the effect of microstructural changes on the hardness and wear resistance of coatings，low-cost high-velocity oxygen-fuel spraying (HVOF) technology was used to pre-deposit WC-Ni coatings，and the coatings were treated by laser remelting at a power of 50～150 W.The influence of laser remelting power on the microstructure，phase composition，microhardness and wear resistance of WC-Ni coatings was studied.Results showed that after remelted by 150 W laser，the WC in the coating formed a honeycomb like skeleton structure，enhancing the toughness of the material and significantly suppressing the generation and propagation of cracks.When the laser power was low(50 W and 100 W)，no honeycomb like skeleton structure was observed in the coating.However，due to the thermal effect of the laser，the cohesion between the flat particles in the original coating was enhanced，and the hardness and wear resistance were improved to some extent.The average hardness of the original WC-Ni coating was 327 HV0.2，while the hardness of the coatings after 50 W and 100 W treatment increased to 335 HV0.2 and 346 HV0.2，respectively.Moreover，after 150 W treatment，a uniform honeycomb like WC skeleton structure was formed in the coating，and some WC and Ni formed Ni4W，thereby reducing slightly the hardness of the coating after 150 W treatment (288 HV0.2).The WC in the coating treated with 150 W evolved into a mesh like skeleton structure，which could effectively suppress the formation and propagation of cracks，and the wear rate was the lowest，only 3.544×10－5 mm3/(N·m)，This represented a reduction of 83.9%，75.1%，and 68.7%compared to the wear rates of the original WC-Ni coating [2.025×10－4 mm3/(N·m)] and coatings subjected to 50 W[1.424×10－4 mm3/(N·m)] and 100 W[1.132×10－4 mm3/(N·m)] laser remelting，respectively.Overall，the WC-Ni coatings with honeycomb structure could provide a new approach for the development of wear-resistant materials.

The structures and properties of the composite films formed by soy protein isolate (SPI) and xanthan gum (XG) with different other matrices were investigated. The composite films were prepared with SPI and XG by adding sodium alginate (SA), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), gelatin (GEL), pectin (PEC) and agar (Agar), respectively. The thickness, mechanical properties, oxygen permeability and opacity of the composite films were measured, and their structures were characterized. The results showed that the thicknesses of composite films with 1.5 g of different other matrices were significantly higher (P

Lycium ruthenicum Murr. polysaccharides (LRPs) were obtained by the water extraction-ethanol precipitation method using extraction temperature (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 ℃) as variables. The effects of extraction temperature on the physicochemical properties of LRPs were investigated by analyzing the yield of polysaccharides, carbohydrate content, glyoxylate content, UV spectra, FT-IR spectra, relative molecular mass and monosaccharide composition. The effect of extraction temperature on the antioxidant activity of LRPs was analyzed through the detection of DPPH, ABTS+, hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anion radical scavenging activity, and the reducing ability of potassium ferricyanide. The effect of extraction temperature on the immunomodulatory activity of LRPs was investigated by analyzing the effect of LRPs on RAW264.7 cell viability and cytokine secretion. Different extraction temperatures could affect the physicochemical properties of LRPs as well as their antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities. The extraction yields of polysaccharides at 60 ℃ (LRP60, 2.38%±0.11%) and 80 ℃ (LRP80, 2.30%±0.25%) were significantly higher than those of other polysaccharides. The relative molecular masses of LRP20, LRP40, LRP60, LRP80 and LRP100 were 293.34, 227.94, 233.45, 273.53 and 233.66 kDa, respectively. LRPs were mainly composed of L-Ara, D-Gal, D-Glc, D-Man, L-Rha and D-GlcA with a small amount of D-Xyl, of which LRP80 and LRP100 contained D-GalA. The Lycium ruthenicum Murr. polysaccharides obtained by extracting at 60 ℃ and 80 ℃ temperature had good antioxidant activity and immunomodulatory activity. At an extraction temperature of 60 ℃, the proportion of D-Gal and L-Ara in the monosaccharide composition of polysaccharides increased, and the antioxidant activity was better. While the ratio of D-GlcA, D-Glc and D-GalA increased at the extraction temperature of 80 ℃, the immunomodulatory activity of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. polysaccharides was better. Therefore, LRP60 and LRP80 from Lycium ruthenicum Murr. could serve as potential natural antioxidants or immunomodulators.

Background The occurrence and development of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are closely associated with inflammatory responses, but the relationship between dietary inflammatory potential and severity of coronary artery disease of ACS patients is currently unknown. Objective To investigate the relationship between dietary inflammatory potential evaluated by dietary inflammation index (DII) and severity of coronary artery disease in ACS patients. Methods Convenient sampling method was used to select 309 patients diagnosed as ACS for the first time by coronary arteriography in the Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from April 2022 to March 2023, and they were divided into DII-1 group (from -8.35 to -4.56), DII-2 group (from -4.55 to -0.77), DII-3 group (from -0.76 to 3.02) and DII-4 group (from 3.03 to 6.81) according to the quartile of DII, into Q1 group (4-32 scores), Q2 group (34-52 scores), Q3 group (54-84 scores) and Q4 group (86-192 scores) according to the quartile of Gensini score. Demographic and clinical features, overall DII, and DII of nutrient were compared in ACS patients with different severity of coronary artery stenosis, multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relation of DII with the severity of coronary artery stenosis. Results There was significant difference in educational level, LDL-C, LP-a, overall DII, DII of total fat, saturated fatty acids, vitamin E, carotene in ACS patients with different severity of coronary artery stenosis, respectively (P≤0.05). After the correction of confounders of educational level, LDL-C and LP-a, the multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, DII-4 group was the influencing factor of Q2 group (OR=15.389, 95%CI=1.595-148.432), Q3 group (OR=15.102, 95%CI=1.620-140.788) and Q4 group (OR=17.319, 95%CI=1.901-157.807), respectively (P

A method of combining headspace microextraction technique based on a polyurethane sponge-supported liquid film with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was developed for convenient and sensitive analysis of six polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in environmental water samples. The microextraction device consists of three parts, namely injector, polyurethane sponge, and headspace bottle. Firstly, the commercially available polyurethane sponge was specially tailored to be fitted into miniature cylinders that were compatible with the internal cavity of the 2.5 mL syringe needle. Then the extraction solvents were loaded to form a microextraction liquid film on the surface and inside of the sponge. After sealed with syringe barrel, the syringe needle was inserted into the septum of headspace bottle for headspace microextraction. The dynamic suction, heating assistance, and magnetic stirring were adopted to accelerate the volatilization process and transferring of the analytes in gas-liquid interface. Given the excellent elasticity of polyurethane sponge, the extraction solution could be successfully recovered through solvent elution and physical extrusion. The influence of the types and amounts of extraction solvents, suction time, heating (extraction) temperatures, stirring speeds, and eluent volumes on the enrichment efficiency of the monitored PAHs were systematically investigated. The results indicated that the satisfactory extraction efficiency could be achieved by using 40 µL of carbon tetrachloride as an extractant, which were loaded into a polyurethane sponge microcylinder with a bottom diameter and height of 4 mm, and followed by 150 cycles dynamic suction under extraction conditions of 65 ℃ and 1 000 r/min. Subsequently, physical extrusion was adopted to collect the extraction solution after elution with 30 µL of carbon tetrachloride. The validation results demonstrated that the proposed method achieves good relative recoveries of PAHs ranging from 94.7% to 113.2% at three spiked levels of 0.1, 0.5, and 1 μg/L. The intra- and inter-day precisions are in the range of 1.0%-8.1% and 4.2%-9.5%, respectively. Good linearities are observed for all monitored PAHs with the regression coefficients (R2) greater than 0.997 in the concentration range of 0.01-5 μg/L. The limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) are in the range of 3-30 ng/L and 10-100 ng/L, respectively. This method is easy to operate, and has the advantages of low cost, high sensitivity as well as fast speed, having highly potential in the field of trace volatile analysis in environmental samples.

This is an article in the field of ceramics and composites. Methylene blue is a typical pollutant industrial wastewater.It will bring great harm to the water body if it is discharged arbitrarily without treatment. We prepared a kind of attapulgite/nano iron composite (DDBAC/ATP/nZVI), that the attapulgite was roasted, organic modified and then loaded with nano iron (nZVI) by liquid-phase reduction. The optimum preparation process is obtained: attapulgite raw soil is calcined at 300 ℃ for 1.5 h, 20 mmol/100 g benzalkonium chloride(DDBAC)is added, then ultrasonic is used for 20 min, and then nano iron is loaded by liquid-phase reduction method. The ratio of iron to soil is 1:3, KBH4 concentration is 0.25 mol/L and reaction time is 3 h. The XRD, FTRI, SEM, XPS, BET confirm that DDBAC and nano iron are successfully loaded on the surface of attapulgite. The maximum removal of methylene blue by DDBAC/ATP/nZVI is 114.94 mg/g, and the application performance of the DDBAC/ATP/nZVI remains stable within 60 days.

According to the Japan Earthquake Disaster Prevention Measures Act, the Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion of Japan summarized, adjusted and published the proposed estimates for major funding applications for earthquake investigation and research by the relevant Japanese government administrative at the end of August 2022. In 2023, the government’s estimated total budget for earthquake research is 10 billion yen, up 56% from 6.4 billion yen in 2022. These funds are mainly allocated to the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism and the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, which do not include the operating and maintenance expenses of Japanese public administrative legal persons, etc.

In order to improve the yield of bacterial cellulose (BC), the fermentation medium of the Gluconacetobacter xylinus was optimized by response surface methodology. Based on the optimization results, the effects of sodium alginate (SA), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) on the yield of BC, total sugar consumption, acetic acid and pyruvic acid were investigated. The results showed that when the amounts of addition of glucose was 4%, yeast extract powder was 1%, peptone was 0.8%, MgSO4 was 1.9%, Na2HPO4 was 0.2%, acetic acid was 0.4%, ethanol was 1.6%, the actual yield of BC could reach 5.19 g/L. After adding SA, CMC-Na and CMC, the total sugar consumption increased by 29.9%, 22.82% and 15.73%, and the yield of BC was 6.72, 6.01 and 5.1 g/L, respectively. The content of pyruvic acid in SA group and CMC-Na group was increased by 29.02% and 16.52% compared with the control group. SA and CMC-Na promoted the accumulation and utilization of pyruvate acid, the yield of BC accumulation was increased. The highest acetic acid accumulation (4.27 g/L) was observed in the CMC addition group, which had a certain relationship to the lower yield of BC than the control group.

To investigate the chemical constituents of Diaporthe tectonigena, a predominant endophytic fungus in the ancient tea tree of Camellia taliensis, the rice solid-state fermentation extract was isolated and purified by silica gel, Diaion HP20 and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies, and the chemical structures were elucidated by extensive HRMS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HSQC, HMBC and COSY spectroscopic analyses. The results were as follows: (1) Four compounds were isolated from the rice solid-state fermentation extract of Diaporthe tectonigena, including a new tetrahydro-β-carboline diketopiperazine alkaloid named tectonicgenazine A (1). (2) Three known compounds, trans-cyclo-(D-tryptophanyl-L-tyrosyl) (2), 1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester (3) and N-hydroxyethyl-2-acetylpyrrole (4) were obtained and identified, and Compound 3 was isolated from nature for the first time.

The study of the preparation on hydrocarbon-based biodiesel from oils and fats by hydrodeoxygenation is of great practical importance and has a broad application potential. In the preparation of hydrocarbon-based biodiesel, the preparation of highly active and selective catalysts is essential to reduce the loss of carbon atoms during the hydrodeoxygenation of fats and oils. In this study, a series of Ni-Fe bimetallic catalysts were prepared by impregnation and applied to catalyze the hydrodeoxygenation reaction of stearic acid.The catalysts were characterized by XRD, TEM, HRTEM, XPS, NH3-TPD, and H2-TPR, and the effects of preparation conditions and the addition of metal Fe on the physicochemical properties and hydrogenation activity of Ni-based catalysts were explored. The results showed that the catalysts prepared at 500 ℃ reduction, 10% Ni metal loading and Ni:Fe = 3:1 showed a better hydrodeoxygenation performance, the Fe addition formed FeNi3 alloy with Ni, and the internal interaction between Ni and Fe metal also promoted the high dispersion of Ni-Fe clusters and the formation of smaller particle size. In addition, the formation of the FeNi3 alloy also reduced the reduction temperature of the Fe and Ni catalysts. It enhanced the moderate acid activity and total acidity of the Fe and Ni catalysts, which promoted the hydrodeoxygenation activity of the catalysts. The effects of reaction temperature, initial H2 pressure, time and catalyst dosage on the hydrodeoxygenation reaction of stearic acid were examined. The optimum hydrodeoxygenation reaction conditions were obtained at 260 ℃, 3.0 MPa, 4 h, and 0.02 g catalyst dosage, under which the catalyst achieved 100% conversion and high C18 selectivity (93.5%) for the catalytic stearic acid hydrodeoxygenation reaction. Finally, a comparison of the catalytic performance with that of commercial catalysts showed that the catalyst had significant advantages in reactivity and C18 selectivity. This study provides data and theoretical guidance for the future study on the selective hydrodeoxygenation of oily feedstocks.

In order to reduce the environmental pressure caused by petroleum based packaging materials, the development of natural and environmentally friendly soybean protein based food packaging film has become a hot research topic. This paper searched research papers on soy protein based food packaging films from 1990 to 2021 in the Web of Science (WOS), visualized 1318 related articles by using scientific knowledge mapping tool CiteSpace5.8.R3, deeply discussed and analyzed the research hotspots and development trends of soybean protein based food packaging film combined with the method of literature and quantitative analysis. The results showed that the research process of soybean protein based food packaging film could be divided into three stages: Initial, steady and accelerated development, and now it was in the accelerated development stage. China ranked first in the number of publications, reflecting its huge development potential in this field. The betweenness value of the United States was 0.59, indicating that it had a strong scientific research strength. Food Hydrocolloids was a leading journal in this field. The modification of soybean protein based food packaging film and its application in food packaging are the promising research topics, and it tends to develop green food packaging film with natural bioactive compounds in the future.

To provide reference for the safety consumption of Phyllanthus acidus (PA) as food and its further medicinal development and utilization, a comparative study on acute and short-termtoxicity and α-glucosidase inhibitory ability of different components of its branches and leaves was conducted. The crude extract of PA, prepared under aqueous ethanol reflux extraction, was partitioned successively with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and N-butanol according to the polarity. Furthermore, an alcohol-eluted and water-eluted fractions were obtained from water-soluble residue by column chromatography. The half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of α-glucosidase was used as the evaluation index to compare the in vitro hypoglycemic activity of different extracts. The acute toxicity of these fractions was screened by maximum tolerated dose (MTD), median lethal dose (LD50) values, and their subacute toxicity was evaluated by continuous oral administration of samples for 20 days. The results showed that each component of PA had a certain inhibitory ability to α-glucosidase. The MTD of crude extract of PA was 2.0 g/kg, and the order of acute toxicity for different fractions was ethanol-eluted fraction>water-eluted fraction>petroleum ether fraction>ethyl acetate fraction>N-butanol fraction>crude extract. The main acute toxicity symptoms were startle followed by idling, writhing, and shortness of breath. Subacute toxicity test showed no obvious toxicity and lesions. It was indicated that it was safe to take 2 g/kg/d (equivalent to 8.6 g/kg of dried branches and leaves) of the whole component of PA at oral ingestion. Thus, they have the potential to be developed as hypoglycemic, weight-loss food and medicine.

In order to deeply explore the utilization value of Quezui tea, the antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of its three phenolic compounds including 6'-O-caffeoylarbutin (CA), β-arbutin, and chlorogenic acid were analyzed in this study. The results indicated that all three phenolic compounds of Quezui tea had excellent antioxidation activity. The IC50 values of CA, β-arbutin, and chlorogenic acid on DPPH radical scavenging were 13.56±0.14, 104.41±6.52 and 8.42±0.21 μg/mL, respectively. The IC50 values of ABTS+ radical scavenging were 18.01±0.06, 50.60±1.25 and 26.93±0.38 µg/mL, respectively. The IC50 values of OH radical scavenging were 2.64±0.06, >10.00 and CA>β-arbutin. In addition, the inhibitory activities of all three phenolic compounds of Quezui tea were significantly different. CA had inhibitory effects on both monophenolase and diphenolase activities with IC50 values of 1.114±0.035 and 95.198±1.117 μmol/L, respectively. β-arbutin only had inhibitory effects on monophenolase activities with IC50 value of 681.335±17.975 μmol/L, and chlorogenic acid had no inhibitory effect on either monophenolase activity or diphenolase activity. The results would provide an important foundation for the development and utilization of the active compounds from Quezui tea.

ObjectiveTo evaluate intervention effect of intensive brisk walking prescription on obesity in Chinese occupational population and to provide a reference for popularizing appropriate weight control program among occupational population in China. MethodsAll the participants of the study were from a 100-day vigorous walking program conducted among 31 528 in service employees in 12 provincial-level administrative divisions of China during May – August 2021 and the participants were divided into an intervention group required to complete a 4 sets of walking schedule in a day (10, 10, 15, 15 minutes of walking continuously at the speed of 100 – 150 steps per minute) and a positive control group with the same requirement as the intervention group but only 3 sets of waling schedule (10, 10, 15 minutes); the body weight in kg (BW) of the participants were measured at least once a week during the program period. From the 28 285 participants with complete information on baseline questionnaire survey and data on physical examination and vigorous waling, 5 208 pairs of intervention and control individuals were matched by tendency scores. The changes in BW, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference in cm (WC), hip circumference in cm (HC) and body fat rate in % (BFR) of the intervention and control individuals before and after the intervention were compared to evaluate the effect of intensive brisk walking prescription on the obesity indicators. ResultsFor both the intervention and positive control group, the percentages and the 25th percentiles of the proportions of individuals having 10 000 steps walking per day, group walking, completing 4/3 sets of walking schedule, and BW measuring once a week were all more than 85%, indicating a good compliance with the program of the participants. Compared to those at the beginning of the intervention program, there were significant differences at the end of the intervention for both the intervention and the positive control groups in the average values of BW (64.18 ± 11.50 vs. 65.98 ± 11.86 and 63.86 ± 11.58 vs. 65.23 ± 11.87), BMI (23.18 ± 3.16 vs. 23.77 ± 3.29 and 23.31 ± 3.19 vs. 23.78 ± 3.30), WC (81.33 ± 10.05 vs. 82.75 ± 10.25 and 81.09 ± 9.99 vs. 82.54 ± 10.14), HC (95.16 ± 6.88 vs. 96.15 ± 7.37 and 94.97 ± 6.70 vs. 96.06 ± 7.17), and BFR (26.89 ± 6.11 vs. 27.92 ± 6.18 and 27.00 ± 6.29 vs. 27.75 ± 6.37), respectively (all P < 0.01). The BW of the intensive intervention group was significantly higher than that of positive control group at the beginning of the intervention (t = – 3.25, P = 0.0012). The results of covariance analysis showed that the BW, BMI and BFR of the intensive intervention group were significantly lower than those of positive control group by the end of intervention (all P < 0.01). After adjusting confounding factors such as sex, age, residence, education, occupation, chronic disease, score for knowledge about chronic disease, psychological scale score and sleeping time, the results of multilevel model combined with multiple difference method revealed a higher decline of 0.29% in BFR of intensive intervention group compared to that of positive control group at the end of intensive intervention (t = – 2.05, P = 0.04). Further subgroup analysis demonstrated that the intensive intervention promoted the decrease of BW, BMI and BFR for the individuals with the BMI indicating overweight status, the decrease of BMI and BFR for the individuals with the BMI indicating obesity status, and the decrease of BFR for the individuals with the BMI indicating both overweight or obesity at the beginning of the intervention. ConclusionThe short-term intensive intervention with four sets of vigorous walking schedule could reduce obesity indicators among overweight and obese in service employees in China, especially for the decline of body fat rate.

In this study, strains of wild Morchella eohespera in Gansu province were selected as the research object to explore the optimal solution of liquid fermentation medium of M. eohespera extracellular polysaccharide and its hypoglycemic activity in vitro. A single factor experiments were conducted to compare the effects of seven additives, including brown sugar and corn meal, on the content of M. eohespera extracellular polysaccharide during liquid fermentation. On this basis, response surface methodology was used to optimize the liquid fermentation medium formula of M. eohespera exopolysaccharides. The hypoglycemic activities of extracellular polysaccharide from M. eohespera on α-amylase and α-glucosidase were determined in vitro. The results showed that when the amounts of addition of brown sugar was 2.20 g/L, urea was 3.18 g/L and corn flour was 2.40 g/L, the actual content of extracellular polysaccharide of M. eohespera could reach 1.20 g/L. At the concentration of 1.0 mg/mL, effects of extracellular polysaccharide of M. eohespera on α-glucosidase and α-amylase showed that the inhibition rates for these enzymes were 73.46% and 36.37%, respectively. The results showed that extracellular polysaccharide of M. eohespera was with hypoglycemic activity.

Objective To explore the role of miR-499 targeting TGF-α mRNA protein in regulating the migration and apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cell line Saos2 and its pathogenesis. Methods The expression differences of miR-499 and TGF-α in osteosarcoma tissues were detected by RT-qPCR. Double luciferase reporter gene assay was used to detect the targeting relationship between miR-499 and TGF-α. Transwell cell assay and TUNEL apoptosis assay were used to detect the migration and apoptosis of Saos2 cells. A nude mouse xenograft model of osteosarcoma was constructed to detect the regulatory mechanism of miR-499/TGF-α axis in vivo. Results In osteosarcoma, miR-499 expression was decreased (P＜0.01) but TGF-α mRNA expression was increased(P＜0.01). miR-499 negatively regulated TGF-α mRNA protein expression (P＜0.01). Transfection of miR-499 simulacrum inhibited the migration and promoted apoptosis of Saos2 cells (P＜0.01), while TGF-α promoted the migration and inhibited apoptosis of Saos2 cells (P＜0.01). miR-499 inhibited the carcinogenic effect of TGF-α. Conclusions miR-499 inhibits the biological function of osteosarcoma cell line Saos2 by inhibiting at TGF-α mRNA protein level which suggests that miR-499 may inhibit the development of osteosarcoma.

Objective LPS-treated PC12 cells were used to establish neuron inflammation model. RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA of cytokines. CCK-8 assay was used to check determine cell viability. Western blot was used to detect NF-κB pathway. Methods LPS-treated PC12 cells were used to establish neuron inflammation model. RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA of cytokines. CCK-8 assay was used to check determine cell viability. Western blot was used to detect NF-κB pathway. Results After 12 hrs treatment of PC12 cells with different doses of LPS (0, 100, 300 and 1 000 ng/mL), the mRNA level of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1β all increased. The cells pre-treated with different doses of gypenoside (30, 100 μg/mL) and then treated with LPS for 24 h, cell viability decreased to 85.7%. However, 30 and 100 μg/mL gypenoside pre-treatment resulted in cell viability increased to 96.2% and 97.9% respectively. Gypenoside also inhibited LPS-induced cell inflammation as indicated by increased mRNA level of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β caused by LPS stimulation. LPS increased the phosphorylation of p65 (p-p65) and the phosporylation was also inhibited by gypenoside treatment. Conclusions Gypenoside alleviates LPS-induced inflammation and then protects PC12 cells from injury induced by LPS through inhibiting NF-κB pathway.

In order to explore the changes of physicochemical indexes and volatile components of giant salamander meat during cold storage (4 ℃, 0~8 d), the sensory evaluation, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) value and total bacterial count of giant salamander meat during cold storage were regularly determined, and headspace solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) was used to analyze the changes of volatile components in giant salamander meat. The results showed that the sensory quality of giant salamander meat decreased gradually with the extension of refrigeration time, while TVB-N and total bacterial count increased. Among them, the sensory quality of giant salamander meat was not acceptable on the 5th day, the TVB-N value exceeded the upper acceptable limit (30 mg/100 g) on the 7th day, and the total bacterial count exceeded the upper acceptable limit (6 lg CFU/g) on the 6th day. A total of 58 volatile substances in 7 categories were detected in giant salamander meat at different refrigerating times. Among them, the contents of 14 alcohols and 12 esters were relatively higher. With the extension of refrigeration time, the alcohol content decreased, while the ester content increased, and other compounds fluctuated slightly during refrigeration storage. Cluster analysis showed that the giant salamander meat with different refrigeration time could be clustered into four categories, namely, 0~4 d, 5 d, 6~7 d, and 8 d. Correlation analysis showed that hexyl caproate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, 2-heptanone, 2, 3-butanedione and linalool could be used as potential markers of corruption and deterioration of giant salamander meat during cold storage. This study provides a reference for the freshness evaluation and quality control of giant salamander meat during cold storage.

Objective To analyze the detection rates of mental disorders in women with subjective depressive symptoms during pregnancy and the postnatal period. Methods From March 1st 2020 to February 28th 2021, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were used to screen pregnant women and mothers who were established in a third-grade hospital. The women with PHQ-9≥5 or EPDS≥9 were followed up. Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) was used to confirm the detection rates of mental disorders. Results Of the 342 women who were followed up, 24 (7.0%) were diagnosed with depressive episodes. There were 17 cases had depression in the past. Among them 3 women had a history of depression before pregnancy, and 14 had the first episode after pregnancy. The detection rate of depression in the second trimester is higher than that in the first and third trimester; 9 (2.6%)with (hypo)manic episodes; 6 (1.8%) with panic disorder; 13(3.8%) with agoraphobia; 3(0.9%) with social phobia; 15(4.4%) with generalized anxiety disorder; 6 (1.8%)with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Eighteen women suffered from two or more mental disorders, accounting for 29.0% of the total number of diagnosed mental disorders. Conclusions A variety of mental disorders occur in women with subjective depressive symptoms during pregnancy and the postnatal period, and comorbidity is a common finding. Pregnant women with depression may have several episodes during this period. So it is necessary to evaluate their mental status professionally.

In recent years, as coal mining strategy has moved westward in China, rockburst has now become the most severely affected coal mine disaster in Ordoes area. This paper takes Hongqingliang Coal Mine in Tarangole Mining Area of Ordos coalfield as the background, and conducts a systematic study on the prevention and control of rockburst under the conditions of deep mining in Tarangole Mining Area. The research shows that the deep mining in Tarangole Mining Area is under the geological conditions of “weak cemented overburden + high strength coal”. The deep mining rock burst in Tarangole Mining Area is caused by the accumulation of a large amount of elastic energy in the hard coal body due to high-intensity mining. The prevention and control strategy of rock burst combining reducing coal strength, controlling pushing speed, optimizing section coal pillar size, and strengthening support was proposed. Hongqingliang Coal Mine adopts comprehensive measures such as drilling pressure relief, control of mining speed, and strengthening of mining roadway support. The on-site microseismic monitoring data confirmed the effectiveness of the prevention and control of rock burst and realized safe and efficient mining of the mine.

ObjectiveTo explore the correlation between dietary behaviors and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among primary and high school students in urban and rural regions of Nanjing municipality, China. MethodsUsing multistage random cluster sampling, we recruited 4 498 students of grade 4 – 12 in 108 classes of 36 primary and junior/senior high schools in all administrative districts of Nanjing. On-site self-administered questionnaire survey and anthropometric measurement were conducted among the students during May – June 2018. Child Health Utility 9D – Chinese Version (CHU9D-CHN), Item-Specific Physical Activity Scale for Chinese Children and Adolescents (I-PASCA), and the Food Frequency Questionnaire were adopted in the survey. Multivariate linear regression model was used to analyze the association of dietary behavior with HRQoL among the students.ResultsFor the 4388 participants completed the survey (response rate = 97.6%), the mean value of HRQoL was 0.78 (standard deviation = 0.17). After adjusting for confounders and potential class-level clustering effects, the score of CHU9D decreased for the students with low frequency of vegetable intakes (mean difference [MD] = – 0.022, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: – 0.043 – – 0.001) and fruit intakes (MD = – 0.015, 95% CI: – 0.034 – 0.004) compared to those with high frequency of vegetable and fruit intakes; decreased CHU9D scores were also measured in the students with high consumption frequency of snack (MD = – 0.030, 95% CI: – 0.041 – – 0.020) and soft-drink (MD = – 0.024, 95% CI: – 0.034 – – 0.013) in comparison to those with low frequency of snack and soft-drink consumption; moreover, the results of multivariate analysis demonstrated that a – 0.22 (95% CI: – 0.03 – – 0.01) increment in the CHU9D score was correlated with each of the four unhealthy dilatory behaviors additively (low intake of vegetable and fruit and high consumption of snack and soft-drink) after adjusting for other variables.ConclusionThe intake frequency of vegetables and fruits are inversely associated with HRQoL, but the frequency of snack and soft-drink consumption are positively correlated to HRQoL; the four dietary behaviors are of synergistic effect on HRQoL among primary and high school students in Nanjing, China

In order to deeply treat pharmaceutical wastewater to meet the industrial water quality standard, the membrane flux change of the comprehensive pharmaceutical wastewater treated with advanced nanofiltration and reverse osmosis was studied. The operating condition, flux and water yield rate were studied in continuous and cyclic modes. According to the change of membrane flux, the treatment and cleaning scheme suitable for industrial application of membrane separation were determined. The results show that the daily physical wash time of nanofiltration membrane is 7 minutes, the wash time of intensive acid and alkali is 90 minutes respectively, the average flux is 16.1 L/(m2·h) in continuous mode and 7.7 L/(m2·h) in cyclic mode, and the water recovery rate is 73%. The daily physical wash time of reverse osmosis membrane is 12 minutes, the wash time of intensive acid and alkali is 90 minutes respectively, the average flux is 12.8 L/(m2·h) in continuous mode and 7.2 L/(m2·h) in cycle mode, and the water recovery rate is 74%. The research on advanced membrane treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater provides a theoretical basis for the industrial application.

Background and objective Studies found that there were changes in histological subtypes of lung cancer patients in China. This study investigated the effect of smoking on lung cancer histology and its trend in Chinese male. Methods Demographic, smoking history and histological information about male lung cancer patients diagnosed or treated from 2000 to 2012 was collected from Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science. Trends of histological subtypes calculated with annual percentage change (APC). Results A total of 14,106 patients with lung cancer were enrolled, with smoking 11,750 cases and non-smoking 2,356 cases. The main histological type of smoking lung cancer was squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)(39.38%), followed by adenocarcinoma (ADC)(29.85%). Among smokers, the proportion of SCC decreased from 44.19% to 35.50% (APC=-1.9%, P

Objective To investigate the expressions and clinical significance of serum anti - acetylcholine receptor antibodies (AChR-Ab), anti-Titin antibodies (Titin-Ab), and anti-Ryanodine receptor antibodies (RyR-Ab) in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). Methods Serum AChR-Ab, Titin-Ab and RyR-Ab were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 182 MG patients, 105 patients of other neurological diseases (OND) and 62 normal controls. Results Serum AChR-Ab, Titin-Ab and RyR-Ab were detected positive respectively in 68.13% (124/182), 64.29% (117/182) and 67.03% (122/182) of patients in MG group. The positive rates of those antibodies in MG group were significantly higher than those in OND group (P = 0.000, for all) and control group (P = 0.000, for all). When 3 antibodies coexisted, the sensitivity in the diagnosis of MG was 41.21%, with 99.40% of specificity. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of serum AChR-Ab, Titin-Ab and RyR-Ab between early-onset MG subgroup and late-onset MG subgroup (P > 0.05, for all). The positive rates of AChR-Ab were significantly higher in MG patients with thymoma than in those without thymoma (P = 0.004). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of Titin-Ab and RyR-Ab between MG with thymoma subgroup and MG without thymoma subgroup (P > 0.05, for all). The prevalence of AChR-Ab in generalized MG (GMG) atients (Ⅱa and Ⅱb) was higher than those in ocular MG (OMG) patients (typeⅠ; P = 0.005, 0.012). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of Titin-Ab and RyR-Ab between GMG subgroup and OMG subgroup (P > 0.05, for all). Conclusions Serum AChR-Ab, Titin-Ab and RyR-Ab can be used as ndicators of the diagnosis of MG. Patients with 3 coexisted positive antibodies are highly suspected as MG. Higher AChR-Ab level in serum of OMG patients indicates the possibility of progressing to GMG. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2016.10.007

Background: Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and sarcopenia often exhibit resilience, frailty, disability, and depression, highlighting the complex and interrelated nature of these conditions. Objective: Despite the presence of clinical manifestations of muscle atrophy in both PD and sarcopenia, accurately discerning the coexistence of sarcopenia in PD patients remains a challenging task with significant implications for treatment strategies and prognostic assessments. This study aims to elucidate the specific ultrasonic diagnostic parameters associated with PD accompanied by sarcopenia through a comparative analysis of muscle ultrasound parameters in patients with PD, thereby presenting a novel approach for rapid identification of this condition. Methods: A total of 110 participants were enrolled in this study, including patients with PD and control subjects. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, physical performance tests, appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), bioelectrical impedance analysis and muscle ultrasound measurements were collected from all participants. The muscle ultrasound measurements encompassed assessments of muscle thickness, pennation angle and shear wave elastography at various anatomical sites. Results: Parkinson’s disease patients exhibited decreased muscle strength and physical performance, and increased shear wave elastography value. In PD patients with sarcopenia, body circumference, including calf circumference, midarm circumference, Waist-to-Hip Ratio and body mass index (BMI) were all significantly decreased. Biceps brachii muscle thickness (MT) and gastrocnemius MT decreased in PD patients with sarcopenia and low ASMI. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that male PD patients, BMI and gastrocnemius MT were predictive factors for ASMI in PD patients. Conclusion: Biceps brachii MT and gastrocnemius MT are important indicators for distinguishing whether PD patients have sarcopenia. Male patients, low BMI and gastrocnemius MT were identified as valid predictors of low ASMI in PD patients. The findings of this study provide important insights into the use of muscle ultrasound in the diagnosis of PD with sarcopenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine preconditioning on cerebral hypoxia-ischemia injury in rats. Methods Seventy-two adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham group (Group S), conventional resuscitation group (Group C) and dexmedetomidine preconditioning group (Group D). Cerebral hypoxia-ischemia injury rat model was produced by mechanical asphyxia. In Group D, 4 μ g/kg dexmedetomidine was injected intravenously 5 min before asphyxia. The Neurological Deficit Scale (NDS) was assessed at 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after return of spontaneous circulation. Six rats were sacrificed in each group and brain tissues were removed for microscopic examination of hippocampal CA1 region and ultrastructure by electron microscope. Results The PaO2 in Group D and C rats was significantly lower after resuscitation (P = 0.000, for all), while the PaCO2 was increased as compared with before asphyxia (P = 0.000, for all). Compared with Group S, NDS at each time point were significantly increased in Group C (P = 0.000, for all). Compared with Group C, NDS were significantly decreased at 24, 48 and 72 h in Group D (P = 0.000, for all). Compared with Group C, hippocampal neurons in Group D revealed alleviative necrosis, karyopyknosis and karyolysis, as well as increased number of survival neurons and relieved edema. Besides, there was good microenvironment of neurovascular unit and no obvious demyelination. Conclusions Dexmedetomidine preconditioning can attenuate cerebral hypoxia?ischemia injury in rats, and improve the pathologic changes and ultrastructure of neurons of hippocampus. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2014.05.012

The article reports on the veterinary study of Zhao Yue-ping and colleagues which aimed to identify the trichomonas vaginalis virus (TVV) by electrophoretic analysis of total nucleic acids. It states that the viral particles were examined with a transmission electron microscope, cloned, and assayed. The DNA sequence of the cloned fragment had shared the nucleotide sequence identity of the TVV and the dsRNA virus was detected in the trichomonas vaginalis in humans.

Keyin Pills is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of psoriasis, but it has been reported that it can cause serious liver injury. In this paper, we used the integrated evidence chain method to retrieve and reevaluate the adverse drug reaction database, CNKI literature and cases of liver injury relating to Keyin Pills in specialist hepatology hospitals. We screened out 23 cases with the causal relationship of the possible grade and above. Among them, 11 cases showed the positive causal relationship only with Keyin Pills, accounting for 47.83%, suggesting that there was objective liver injury caused by Keyin Pills. The incubation period of liver injury caused by Keyin Pills is 1-90 days, and the cumulative dosage span is 20-1 800 g. There were obvious individual diffe-rences. There was no relationship between liver injury as well as dose and course of treatment, suggesting that Keyin Pills could induce immune idiosyncratic liver injury. Furthermore, based on the liver injury model induced by immunological stress, it was confirmed that Keyin Pills could induce acute liver injury in a dose-dependent manner in rats with immunological stress. The toxic dose(14 g·kg~(-1)) of a single dose was 6.7 times of the clinical equivalent dose, and had no significant effect on the biochemical index of liver function and histopathology in normal rats. Decomposition experiments showed that Dictamnus dasycarpus in Keyin Pills is the main medicinal flavor that causes special liver injury, and the other three medicines had neither liver injury nor compatibility attenuation effect. The results suggest that clinical medication shall pay attention to the risk of liver injury caused by Keyin Pills in patients with immunological stress.

Studies on the enzymology of snails are important in the study of molluscicidal mechanism. The alteration of activities of enzymes after molluscicidal treatment was reported in large numbers of papers. This paper reviews the progress of studies on the enzymology of snails under the treatment of molluscicides.

Objective: To investigate the knowledge and practice of residents about schistosomiasis prevention and control in endemic areas of Jingzhou City, Hubei Province after the disease transmission being controlled, so as to provide the valuable information for formulating an efficient health education and intervention strategy., Methods: The residents were selected by using the cluster sampling method and investigated with questionnaires in Jiangling County and Gong'an County, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province, and the data were analyzed by using the descriptive analysis method, Chi-square tests and logistic regression., Results: In a total, 826 available questionnaires were obtained with 100% of valid rate. Among them, 97.0% of the interviewee knew schistosomiasis, and 86.3% knew that the infection happened by contacting water containing cercariae. The residents in elder age (41-84 years) had higher awareness rates than the residents in lower age (6-17 years), about the regions of epidemic area ( χ 2 = 57.860), infection route of schistosomiasis ( χ 2 = 87.045), advanced schistosomiasis symptoms ( χ 2 = 27.268) and Oncomelania hupensis being as intermediate host ( χ 2 = 55.856) (all P < 0.05) . The males had higher awareness rates of epidemic areas than the females ( χ 2 = 13.442, P < 0.05) . For personal behavior, 36.6% of the interviewee had experience of contacting lake or pond water many times a day, and 66.5% had the willingness to participate in schistosomiasis health education., Conclusions: In the investigation areas, Jiangling County and Gong'an County, the awareness rates of the residents about schistosomiasis prevention and control are higher, and we should strengthen the health education and behavior intervention, especially in the students of middle and primary schools to help them have the self-protection ability efficiently.

Schistosomiasis diagnosis plays an important role in the schistosomiasis control. The early detection of schistosomiasis can help to find the infectious source and prevent advanced schistosomiasis effectively. Up to now, serodiagnosis and parasitological diagnosis are used commonly to detect the infection of Schistosoma . As the schistosomiasis control program continues in China, the infection rate and infection intensity of Schistosoma japonicum are decreased significantly, which makes the serodiagnosis and parasitological diagnosis limited for lacking of sensitivity and timeliness. The molecular diagnosis has been developed greatly because of its timeliness, high specificity and sensitivity, which promotes the development and improvement of schistosomiasis diagnosis. In the endemic areas where schistosomiasis is limited and the infection rate is low, the molecular diagnosis provides a potential platform for the early detection and micro detection efficiently. Here, we provide a review that mainly emphasizes the progress of molecular detection of schistosomiasis.

Objective: To identify a myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) in Oncomelania hupensis , and characterize the role of MyD88 against Schistosoma japonicum infection., Methods: The complete cDNA of MyD88 in O. hupensis was obtained by using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE), and homologues sequences and conserved domains were aligned and the structure of MyD88 was predicted either. A phylogenetic tree of MyD88 was further constructed with other species. In addition, the mRNA expression level of O. hupensis MyD88 before and after S. japonicum infection was investigated by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR)., Results: The cDNA of O. hupensis MyD88 consisted of 1 406 bp open reading frame (ORF), encoding 468 amino acid residues, which contained death domain and Toll/interlrukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain, the typical features of MyD88 family proteins. The predicted amino acid sequence of O. hupensis MyD88 shared 38%-52% identity with other mollusc. O. hupensis MyD88 was phylogenetically closeted to Biomphalaria glabrata MyD88. The O. hupensis MyD88 existed in all selected tissues and expressed highly in hemocyte, up-regulated after S. japonicum infection in all selected tissues except cephalopodium, especially higher in whole snail and hemocyte., Conclusions: MyD88-dependent signaling pathway is present in O. hupensis and plays an important role in innate immune response against S. japonicum infection.

The study with solution culture showed that Citrus sinensis plants with sulphur deficiency and with sulphur deficiency plus foliage spraying sodium bisulfite ( NaHSO3 ) halfway had notably decreased photosynthetic pigment content, soluble protein content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), initial fluorescence (Fo) , maximum fluorescence (Fm) , photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and electron transmit rate (ETR) , compared with those having normal sulphur supply. After 35 days of growth, their photosynthetic pigment content decreased by 23. 45% and 11. 32% , and soluble protein content decreased by 43. 43% and 25. 30% , respectively, while no significant differences were observed between the plants with sulphur deficiency plus foliage spraying NaHSO3 throughout the experiment and those having normal sulphur supply, suggesting that foliage spraying NaHSO3 could be an effective way to supply sulphur element to the C. sinensis with sulphur deficiency, but hard to rectify sulphur deficiency symptom when the plants suffered from a severe sulphur deficiency stress for a long time.