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New protein resources can be developed to alleviate the shortage of protein in the feed industry. Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) can serve as unique microbial protein sources. Among them, the light environment is a crucial influencing factor in the growth and metabolism of PSB. In this study, the light supply strategies were employed to enhance the growth of Rhodopseudomonas palustris (R. palustris) and the synthesis of single-cell protein (SCP) in the wastewater resource systems of PSB. Additionally, a systematic analysis was made on the correlations between substance synthesis and pollutant degradation under different light supply strategies. The results indicated that a full spectrum of light was more conducive to the accumulation of biomass and protein concentration in R. palustris, compared with the segmented spectra. Under incandescent lamp and white LED irradiation, the highest biomass concentration, daily bacterial production, bacterial yield, and protein concentration reached (1 023.18±201.17) mg/L, (0.32±0.10) g/(L·d), (0.31±0.03) mg/mg and (555.66±9.18) mg/L, respectively. These values increased by 37.26%-43.79%, 108.82%-137.92%, 42.01%-91.85%, and 24.77%-33.47%, respectively, compared with the blue and green light groups (P<0.05). Moderate light intensity was favored to accumulate biomass and protein concentration, while excessive or low intensity was detrimental to the accumulation of high-value products by R. palustris. Specifically, under a light intensity of 120 μmol/(m² ·s), the highest biomass concentration, daily bacterial production, bacterial yield, and protein concentration reached (1 646.12±2.47) mg/L, (0.77±0.01) g/(L·d), (0.44±0.05) mg/mg and (803.59±2.62) mg/L, respectively. There was an increase of 60.23%-140.19% in biomass and an increase of 61.90%-94.18% in protein concentration, compared with the 0 μmol/(m² ·s) (control) and 240 μmol/(m² ·s) groups (P<0.05). Intermittent light exhibited significant advantages over continuous light. An appropriate light cycle was selected to significantly promote the growth and protein synthesis of R. palustris. In the condition of 18 L/6 D, the highest biomass concentration, daily bacterial production, protein concentration, and nitrogen conversion efficiency reached (1 140.56±19.72) mg/L, (0.32±0.02) g/(L·d), (506.53±48.20) mg/L, and (1.77±0.35) mg/mg, respectively. There were increases by 17.06%-93.21%, 54.43%-299.93%, 24.35%-43.88% and 38.78%, respectively, compared with the 3 L/21 D and 9 L/15 D groups (P<0.05). The 3 L/21 D group exhibited the highest protein content at 67.47%, indicating an increase of 21.96%-44.54%, compared with all the other experimental groups (P<0.05). Additionally, under conditions of incandescent light, the light intensity of 120 μmol/(m² ·s) and photoperiod of 18 L/6 D, COD and NH4+ -N removal efficiencies reached 72.03%-78.40%. Furthermore, there were significant negative correlations between light intensity and spectrum with the protein content and concentration. Conversely, the photoperiod shared a significant positive correlation with protein concentration. Therefore, the photoperiod can be expected to enhance the production of SCP by R. palustris. Its mechanism involves the direct regulation of PSB growth and metabolism by the light/dark cycle. During the light period, PSB pigments capture photons through photoreactions, driving electron transfer, generating electrical energy, and ultimately converting it into ATP; Simultaneously, the Calvin cycle efficiency is enhanced, leading to the accumulation of cell growth and SCP. During the dark period, PSB cells focus on the division process, increasing overall biomass. This research can provide innovative insights to enhance the SCP synthesis in wastewater systems using PSB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biomass Chemical Engineering is the property of Editorial Office of Biomass Chemical Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ecology & Rural Environment is the property of Journal of Ecology & Rural Environment Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Taking the self-acclimated photosynthetic bacteria mixed flora MPB1 as the research object, the optimal immobilization conditions of the immobilized MPB1 flora and its treatment effect on aquaculture tail water were studied. There are significant differences in community structure. The dominant strains of MPB1 at the full stage of culture are Rhodopseudomonas 71.7%-85.2%, Desulfobibrio 2.5%-7.7%, Proteiniclasticum 0.7%~8.43% and Bacteroides (Macellibacteroides) 1.9%~4.2%. Community interaction analysis showed that the synergistic effect between bacterial communities enhanced the biopurification ability of MPB1. Chitosan (CS) and sodium alginate (SA) complex As the immobilization material, the cross-linking time was 6 h, and the volume fraction of SA and CS were 1% and 4%, respectively, under the embedding conditions to immobilize MPB1 bacteria. When the concentration was 40 g/L, MPB1 had the best degradation effect on NH + 4 -N, TP and TN, and its treatment efficiencies were 92.2%, 92.3% and 89.9%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology (10036504) is the property of Editorial Board of Environmental Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of South China Fisheries Science is the property of South China Fisheries Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on the comparison of light transmittance, mechanical strength and chemical stability of several natural polymer materials and their composites, the optimal material was selected as the carrier of photosynthetic bacteria immobilization, and the immobilization conditions were optimized. The results showed that the performance of immobilized particles prepared by mixing 2% agar and 2% carrageenan at a ratio of 1:1 was the best. The most suitable immobilization conditions were fixed in 2% KCl for 60 minutes, and 40 ml of bacteria were embedded in 6 mL of carrier. Subsequently, agar-carrageenan was used to immobilize photosynthetic bacteria to form microspheres and the hydrogen production performance was analyzed in a simulated pre-hydrolyzed solution (PHL). The results showed that the hydrogen production of the second cycle was 1.8 times that of the first cycle, the utilization rate of xylose and the degradation rate of phenol were up to 99. 4% and 28. 5%, respectively, and the pH of the system was relatively stable. The immobilized photosynthetic bacteria can still maintain high hydrogen production performance in six cycles, indicating that the immobilized microspheres have stable reusability and have good application prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】The objective of this study was to explore the effects of photosynthetic bacteria and trace elements in the improvement of rapeseed soil and the control of rapeseed diseases.【Method】Sichuan rapeseed main variety(Chuanyou 36) was used in field experiment,the oil soil nutrient,soil enzyme activity and rape clubroot incidence rate were studied by different application methods of photosynthetic bacteria and silicon fertilizer(individual application/co-administration),and the bacterial community in the rhizosphere soil of rapeseed were analyzed by Illumina high throughput sequencing technology,combined with the economic traits and yield of rapeseed,this experiment mainly analyzed the role of photosynthetic bacteria and silicon fertilizer in improving the micro-ecological environment of rapeseed and enhancing the anti-root disease of rapeseed.【Result】The three treatments of photosynthetic bacteria,silicon fertilizer,photosynthetic bacteria and silicon fertilizer together could improve soil fertility,increase soil enzyme activity and the number of 30-fruit fruit,1000-grain weight and measured yield of rapeseed in different degrees and inhibit the occurrence of rape clubroot.Photosynthetic bacteria significantly increased the 1000-grain weight and the yield of rape,and the incidence of rape club root was the lowest,which was 20.75 % lower than that of blank treatment.In addition,photosynthetic bacteria increased the population and proportion of soil nitrogen-fixing bacteria and rhizospheric bacteria and improved the rhizospheric microecological environment of rapeseed.【Conclusion】This study would provide a theoretical basis for the application of photosynthetic bacteria and silicon fertilizer in rapeseed health cultivation and green production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective ] To explore the potential effect of different microbial fertilizer on soil nutrients and the change; of microbial community structure. [ Method]Through pot planting experiment, fertilizer ( CK) , photosynthetic; agent combined with fertilizer ( PI ) and compound microbial fertilizer combined with fertilizer ( P2) wen; used as test fertilizers for rice crops to study the; changes of rice yield, yield characters and soil nutrients in each gmwth period. Based on the analysis of 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing of soil bacteria, the effects of different treatments on the; structure diversity of soil microbial community were discussed. [ Results]The contents of rapidly available phosphorus, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and organic; matter in soil treated with compound micrebial fertilizer were 43.43 % and 9. 75 % , 18. 75 % and 23. 91 % , 2. 82 % and 4. 29 % , respectively, when the; contents of soil available phosphorus, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and organic; matter reached the highest peaks in different growth stages of rice compared with that of photosynthetic; bacteria combined with chemical fertilizer and fertilizer treatment. The yield of rice treated with compound microbial fertilizer and photosynthetic; agent combined with chemical fertilizer increased hv 47.37 % and 21.05 % , respectively. Different treatments had certain effects on the relative; abundance of soil microflora, compared with the; fertilizer treatments, the; relative abundance of Acidobaoteria,Ae;tinol>acteria and prontomycetes treated with compound microbial fertilizer and photosynthetic; microbial agent increase*! by 21.28 % and 42.78 % , 24.47 % and 32.44 % , 33.34 % and 31.47 % , respectively, in the; fertilizer treatments. In terms of diversity, Shannon index, Chaol index and ACE index with different processing had no significant difference. [ Conclusion ] In terms of comprehensive rice soil nutrient and yield, the effect of compound microbial fertilizer treatment is the best, which can promote rice growth, significantly improve rice yield and soil nutrient, effectively increase the absorption of rice nutrient, reduce nutrient loss and maintain soil fertility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective]This paper aimed to isolate, purify and identify PSB in soils of glacier foreland and analyze their nitrogen conversion a-bility. [ Method] PSB was enriched by the enrichment medium and isolated from the soils of the glacial front of Mt. Tianshan No. 1. The purified single colonies were observed by morphological observation and their identification were detected by molecular biology based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The dynamic changes of ammonia and nitrate nitrogen degradation by the PSB were monitored for 15 days, and the residue nitrogen and the transformed nitrite contents were also documented. [ Results ] Five PSB were isolated based on their different growth rate, the absorption peaks of those living cells showed obvious absorption peaks at 480, 510, 590 and 810 nm, and the optimal growth pH of the strain was 7.0. Phylogenetic analysis showed that four strains (named 1Y, 241 , GZ and 06, respectively) were divided into Rhodobactersphaeroides with >99 % of 16S rRNA gene similarity, and one strain was classified into Rhodopseu Rhodosdudomonaspalustris with 100 % of the gene similarity ( named LG) . Among them, the ammonia nitro-gen conversion rate of strain LG were 65. 71 % , the strain GZ was 56. 22 % , and the others reached 53 % . The nitrate conversion rate of strain G6 reached 95.79 % , followed by strain LG (95.58 % ) , and the weakest was strain 241 (69. 96 % ). After PSB conversion, most of the ammonia and nitrate were transformed into mycoprotein and 2 % of nitrite were produced [ Conclusion] PSB would transform inorganic nitrogen into organic nitrogen with high efficiency, suggesting it had an important significance in nitrogen fixation and nitrogen highly usage in nutrient-poor soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Southern Agriculture is the property of Journal of Southern Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective]The study aimed to explore the effect of compound microbial fertilizer on soil enzyme activity and rice yield in different growth stages of rice. [Method] Pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of conventional fertilization(CK), photosynthetic bacteria combined with chemical fertilizer(PI) and compound microbial bacterial fertilizer(P2) on rice yield, yield traits and soil enzyme activities. [Result]Soil enzyme activities were measured at differnt gowth stages of rice, the yield of rice treated with P2 and P1 was 57. 26 %and 13. 54 % higher than CK, respectively. When the four enzyme activities reached their peak values, the application of P2 significantly increased soil phosphatase, catalase, invertase, and FDA hydrolase compared with PI and CK treatments, which were 47. 39 % and 67. 21%, 9. 77 % and 6. 51 %, 45. 60 % and 409. 61 %, 17. 09 %, and 18. 42 % respectively. The activities of phosphatase and catalase in soil treated with P1 were also significantly higher than those treated with CK, which were 2. 87 %-48. 29 % and 3. 98 %-44. 56 %, respectively and there was no signiiicant difference among the other two enzymes. [Conclusion] Therefore, the application of compound microbial fertilizer and photosynthetic microbial agents can improve rice yield and soil enzyme activity. Among them, P2 treatment has an obvious promotion effect on soil enzyme, and the treatment effect is always better than PI and CK treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Computer Measurement & Control is the property of Magazine Agency of Computer Measurement & Control and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Yeast industry provides enormous economic and social benefits for the sugarcane biomass industry. However, yeast industrial wastewater is characterized by high concentration of chemical oxygen demand (CODcr), high chromaticity, high concentration of sulfate and difficult biodegradation, which leads to many issues of the environment. The treatment process of wastewater has the problem that discharge water is difficult to reach the standard and its cost is too high, which has become a bottleneck restricting the development of domestic yeast enterprises. Biotechnology is currently widely used, but the results are still not up to standard. Therefore, biological treatment should be supplemented by other methods for in-depth treatment. In this paper, yeast wastewater was treated by adding photosynthetic bacteria to strengthen anaerobic sludge. The ultrafiltration membrane was used to filter the separated dialysate wastewater as the test object. A small UASB anaerobic reactor was designed. The initial MLSS (mixed liquid sludge concentration) value of the inoculated sludge in the reactor was 4 820 mg/L, and the reactor temperature was kept at 32 ℃. The hydraulic retention time was 48 h, and the influent pH value was controlled between 6.8 and 7.0. At the start-up stage of the anaerobic reactor, glucose, ammonium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were used as C, N and P source, respectively, and an appropriate amount of trace elements were added to prepare a nutrient solution with a ratio of 300:5:1 of C:N:P. Yeast wastewater and nutrient solution were mixed and configured into water samples with mass concentration gradient of 3 000-3 500, 7 000-7 500, 10 000-10 500 and 14 000-15 000 mg/L, respectively. The water samples were added to the reactor in a gradient form from low concentration to high concentration, and the batch test was carried out until the organic concentration of wastewater reached the concentration of raw water. After the treatment effect of the reactor was stabilized, the photosynthetic bacteria were added to the domesticated anaerobic sludge, and the concentration of the bacterial suspension was 1.2×1010 mL-1 as determined by the Meish turbidimetry method, and the addition amount was 1 mL/L, the inflow was 900-1 000 mL with HRT of 48 h, and the continuous illumination by fluorescent lamp was used. After the reactor was stabilized, the water quality was tested and analyzed after continuous operation for 9 cycles. The CODcr and chromaticity changes of wastewater during anaerobic treatment ， the OTU distribution of microorganisms during the addition of photosynthetic bacteria, the species of anaerobic sludge bacteria and sludge, and the changes in the number of archaeological clustering results were investigated. The results showed that the CODCr and chroma removal rates of yeast wastewater treated by anaerobic UASB reactor were significantly increased from 58.20% to 75.12% and 47.50% to 62.04%, respectively, which indicated that the effect of photosynthetic bacteria on the anaerobic biological treatment process has significantly increased. From the analysis of microbial diversity data, it was found that in the process of anaerobic sludge domestication and photosynthetic bacteria optimization, the dominant species was accumulated, the specificity was enhanced, and the number of species was reduced. Photosynthetic bacteria and other heterotrophic bacteria have a symbiotic relationship, and after the addition of the sludge, the dominant microorganisms of methane increased significantly, so as to improve the treatment effect of the anaerobic system. The results of this study provide a technical route for the effective treatment of high-concentration industrial organic wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Southern Agriculture is the property of Journal of Southern Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

For the study of phosphate and carbonate on the effect of photo-fermentation hydrogen production process, and based on the enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stalk pretreated for hydrogen producing substrate, in this paper, hydrogen production, hydrogen content, pH value, ORP value and hydrogen production kinetics were analyzed under different concentrations of phosphate (KH2PO4) and carbonate (NaHCO3). The concentration of KH2PO4 was respectively 5, 10, 15, 20, 40 and 60 mmol/L, the concentration of NaHCO3was respectively 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mmol/L, and the untreated group was the control group. The results showed that phosphorus in KH2PO4 was involved in biological growth, metabolism and energy transfer during microbial growth. Phosphorus is an important element in the process of biological growth and metabolism, while the phosphate also has a certain pH buffering capacity. The appropriate concentration of KH2PO4 can promote activities of photosynthetic bacteria to produce hydrogen, but also effectively buffer the pH value of the reaction system. When the concentration of KH2PO4 was 10mmol/L, the hydrogen yield was (40.65±0.35) mL/g, it increased significantly by 28.48% compared with control group, and the effect of promoting photo-fermentative hydrogen production was best. The final pH was and 6.37±0.02, significantly higher than that of the control group of 6.06±0.03, indicating phosphate can effectively buffer the pH value of the reaction system. The results of kinetic characteristics of hydrogen production under different concentration of K2HPO4 showed that the suitable concentration of K2HPO4 increased the maximum hydrogen production potential and maximum hydrogen production rate, shortened the delay time of hydrogen production, when the concentration of K2HPO4 was 10mmol/L, the maximum hydrogen production potential and the maximum hydrogen production rate were the highest, and the hydrogen production delay time was shorter, which was respectively 39.04 mL/g, 1.79 mL/(h·g) and 2.85 h. The appropriate concentration of NaHCO3 can promote photosynthetic bacteria to produce hydrogen, but also effectively buffer the pH value of the reaction system when the concentration of NaHCO3 was 5 mmol/L, the hydrogen yield was 37.46±1.34mL/g. It increased significantly by 18.39% compared with control group, and the effect of promoting photo-fermentative hydrogen production was best, and the final pH value was 6.26±0.04, which was significantly higher than that of the control group of 6.06±0.03. The results of kinetic characteristics of hydrogen production under different concentration NaHCO3 showed that the suitable concentration of NaHCO3 can improve the maximum hydrogen production potential and the maximum hydrogen production rate, but would delay hydrogen production, when the concentration of NaHCO3 was 5mmol/L. With this concentration, the maximum hydrogen production potential and the maximum hydrogen production rate were the highest, the hydrogen production delay time was relatively short, which was respectively 37.26 mL/g, 1.92 mL/(h·g) and 5.11 h. The study can provide a scientific reference for the further improvement of the technology of hydrogen production from straw biomass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Along with the rapid development of society and unceasing improvement of human living standard, the consumption of fossil fuels is rising continuously, which has resulted in several problems such as energy shortage and environmental pollution. Therefore, the research and exploitation of renewable energy become extremely urgent. Hydrogen is a promising alternative energy, and can be produced through different methods. Considering the complementarity between different hydrogen-production microorganisms, dark-photo integrated bio-hydrogen production was regarded as a beneficial way to improve the utilization rate of substrate and the potential of hydrogen production. Dark-photo integrated bio-hydrogen production could combine the characteristics of various microbes, and exert their advantages. Moreover, enzymatic hydrolysis of complex substrate, VFAs production, VFAs consumption, and hydrogen production could synchronously take place, so it could realize the reuse of byproducts (VFAs) and avoid the accumulation of liquid byproducts. In this study, enzymatic hydrolyzate of corn stover was taken as substrate, Enterobacter aerogenes (AS1.489) and photosynthetic bacteria (HAU-M1) were selected as hydrogen-production microorganisms, and simultaneous saccharification fermentative method was adopted to study the process of dark-photo integrated bio-hydrogen production by mixed cultivation of HAU-M1 and Enterobacter aerogenes. Cumulative hydrogen yield was taken as key reference to optimize the process parameters of bio-hydrogen production. The single factor experiments were adopted to select the optimal lever and analyze the effects of substrate concentration, initial pH value, light intensity and fermentation temperature on the integrated bio-hydrogen production. On the basis of single factor experiments, orthogonal experimental design was also adopted to further optimize the bio-hydrogen production process parameters and evaluate the significance of influencing factors. The results of orthogonal range analysis showed that primary and secondary order of the influence of various process parameters on integrated bio-hydrogen production was: fermentation temperature＞initial pH value＞substrate concentration＞light intensity. The analysis of variance showed that fermentation temperature and initial pH value were the most significant factors affecting integrated bio-hydrogen production and produced the most significant influence on the process of integrated bio-hydrogen production by mixed cultivation of photosynthetic bacteria and Enterobacter aerogenes. The optimum process parameters were: substrate concentration of 35g/L, initial pH value of 6.5, light intensity of 3500lx, and fermentation temperature of 30 ℃. The validation experiments under these conditions were performed, and the cumulative hydrogen yield of 332.6 mL for 72 h and the capacity of unit hydrogen production of 47.5 mL/g corn stover were obtained. The optimal process parameters for bio-hydrogen production provide a scientific reference for the further research on integrated bio-hydrogen production by mixed cultivation of dark-fermentative and photo-fermentative bacteria from straw biomass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the annual variation of photosynthesis of Carpinus betulus and its four varieties( Carpinus betulus ‘ Albert Beekman'， Carpinus betulus ‘ Frans Fontaine '，Carpinus betulus ‘ Lucas '，Capinus betulus ‘ Fastigiata ') and select the stronger varieties of photosyn thetic ability in different areas，the basic characteristics of photosynthetic in both Beijing and Nanjing were measured monthly by using a port able photosynthesis apparatus (Ciras-2). The results showed that (i) The annual variation curves of net photosynthetic rate of Carpinus betn- lus and its four varieties were two types of ‘ single-peak ' and ‘ double-peak '； (ii) The annual average values were in order of Carpinus betu- lus ‘ Albert Beekman' > Carpinus betulus ‘ Fastigiata’ > Carpinus betulus ‘ Lucas' > Carpinus betulus ‘ Frans Fontaine’ > Carpinus betulus from strong to weak in Beijing，and Carpinus betulus ‘ Fastigiata ' > Carpinus betulus > Capinus betulus ‘ Lucas ' > Carpinus betulus ‘ Al bert Beekman ' > Carpinus betulus ‘ Frans Fontaine ' in Nanjing. (iii) Under natural condition in summer，the decreasing reason of photo synthetic rate of Carpinus betulus and its four varieties was non-stomatal limitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In photosynthetic-bacteria hydrogen production with enzyme-hydrolyzed fine straws, the growth and reproduction of photosynthetic bacteria will occur in an appropriate temperature range, and the resulting heat effect will have direct influence on hydrogen production due to exothermic processes in the hydrogen production reaction of photosynthetic bacteria with organic acid. Therefore, the research on effects of initial temperature on the reaction heat in the photosynthetic-bacteria hydrogen production with enzyme-hydrolyzed fine straws, is helpful to figure out the heat release rule in such photosynthetic-bacteria hydrogen production, and thus, to provide proper control to the initial temperature to meet the purpose of efficient hydrogen production. In this paper, with the combination method of micro-grinding and enzyme hydrolysis of straws, blank control tests for reaction liquid were performed with photosynthetic hydrogen-production flora of F1, F5, F7, F11, L6, S7 and S9 screened out after flora enrichment, separation, and cultivation, by using a self-developed testing system for reaction heat in the photosynthetic-bacteria hydrogen production with fine straws. The tests were made with the conditions of fine maize straws of 53-61 μm, substrate concentration of 30 mg/mL, initial pH value of 7.0, illumination intensity of 2 000 lx, inoculation and non-inoculation of 20% photosynthetic mixed bacteria flora which was on the logarithmic growth phase, and at the initial temperatures of 25, 30 and 35°C, identifying the relations between reaction heat and reaction time at the three initial temperatures, variation characteristics of the heat production rate, variation characteristics of the cumulative reaction heat, and the relations between the cumulative reaction heat and the cumulative hydrogen production, optical energy conversion rate and substrate energy conversion rate; optimizing process parameters in the photosynthetic-bacteria hydrogen production reaction; and presenting the relations model of the cumulative reaction heat and the cumulative hydrogen production, optical energy conversion rate and substrate conversion rate. Research results showed that, different initial temperatures had significant influence on the result of photosynthetic-bacteria hydrogen production with fine maize straws. In case of initial temperature of 30°C, maximum reaction heat of approximately 7.1 kJ, maximum heat production rate of approximately 1.01 kJ/h, cumulative reaction heat of approximately 32.9 kJ at the end of reaction, and cumulative hydrogen production of approximately 745.9 mL, the photosynthetic-bacteria hydrogen production reaction was conducted to its most extent and yielded the best result. Although initial temperatures were different, the variations of reaction heat and cumulative heat reaction were basically the same, this was to say, their maximum heat production rate occurred at the reaction time of 8 h and their minimum heat production rate occurred at the reaction time of 12 h; With the increase of the cumulative reaction heat, the cumulative hydrogen production and the substrate energy conversion rate would increase, which could be expressed with a quadratic polynomial; with the increase of the cumulative reaction heat, the optical energy conversion rate would increase and decrease, which could be expressed with a cubic polynomial. These research results provide reference basis to reveal the heat release rule in the photosynthetic-bacteria hydrogen production with enzyme-hydrolyzed fine straws, and to optimize process parameters and predict the photosynthetic-bacteria hydrogen production result from the perspective of biologic reaction heat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the wastewater treatment efficiency and enhance the resource recovery efficiency, this paper studied the effects of trace elements, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Co, Mg, on photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) growth in wastewater. Two most prominent factors that influence the biomass of PSB were identified through single element design. Optimal concentrations of these trace elements were found through the Box-Behnken design and the response surface analysis. The results showed that the best situation was as follows: 0.66 mmol · L-1 Fe2+ and 0.16 mmol · L-1 Mg2+, the maximum biomass of PSB reached 1 483.5 mg/L, the maximum COD removal ratio was 89.1%, and the additional cost was RMB 0. 033 Yuan/t. The confirmatory tests showed that the combination of Fe and Mg achieved a PSB biomass of 1 380 mg · L-1 after 72 h, which was 57% higher than the control. Fe and Mg could promote PSB growth in wastewater and enhance the resource recovery efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studied the physiological and biochemical characteristics of a new strain of photosynthetic bacteria isolated from soil in details, identified its belonging, and used it to treat artificial soybean wastewater and reclaim resources. Results showed that the strain belonged to Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, and was named Z08. For treating wastewater with COD of 8 000 - 12 000 mg · L-1 under 26 - 28 °C, the optimal dose of PSB was 160 - 400 mg · L-1; COD removal reached 85% after 72 h. Various oxygen - light conditions were examined, and the best one was found to be natural light - micro oxygen condition. Under this condition, COD removal reached 73.5% and biomass reached 2 125 mg · L-1 after 72 h treatment. The optimal condition of Z08 treating soybean wastewater was as follows: natural light and micro oxygen condition, Z08 dose of 160 - 400 mg · L-1, and hydraulic retention time of 72 h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To test biomass of photosynthetic bacteria ( PSB ) in water, and to provide a way of PSB sewage reclamation, this paper adopted HPLC to analyze the concentration of CoQ10 and thus obtained the concentration of PSB in water. The results show that the chromatographic condition is as follows: The chromatographic column is SphherisorbC18 ( 10 cm x 4.6 mm ID) ; methanol-absolute alcohol (9:1) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL/min; column temperature 35 °C ; Wave Length of UV detector 275 nm; sample size 15 µL; column pressure 16.4 MPa. By extracting 5 h with acetone, volatilizing acetone completely and dissolving it with absolute alcohol, this method may obtain the maximum relative extraction of CoQ10. The average recovery ratio of external reference method is 99.13% and RSD 0. 81%. The highest radiance-extraction is acetone extraction 5 h before evaporating completely and then solving in ethanol. The concentration of CoQ10 in PSB in various cultural conditions and growing phases is quite stable. The impurities or microbes in wastewater do not affect the testing result. The concentration of PSB is (Y + 37.487)/25.431 g · L-1, Y is peak area (V · s). This method is simple and accurate, and can be used for quantitative analysis of PSB in water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the possibility and optimal conditions of brewery wastewater treatment using a new strain of photosynthetic bacteria (Z08). Light-anaerobic, natural light-microaerobic, and dark-aerobic operational conditions were explored to treat the wastewater and recover bacterial protein. The results show that the COD removal ratio under light-anaerobic condition (88%) is greater than that under natural light-mi- croaerobic condition (74%), ant it is also greater than that under dark-aerobic condition (62%) ; total bacterial growth ratio under light-anaerobic condition (38%) is greater than that under natural light-microaerobic condition ( -35% ), and it is also greater than that under dark-aerobic condition ( -43% ) ; hydraulic retention time under light-anaerobic condition (240 h) is longer than that under natural light-microaerobic condition (60 h) and that under dark-aerobic condition (36 h). It is feasible to use Z08 to treat beer wastewater and recover bacteria cell mass. The recommended conditions are as follows: anaerobic in daytime and aerobic at night, with additional artificial light when needed. Under such conditions, pollutants in the wastewater can be rapidly transformed into bacterial cell mass for utilization with a transformation efficiency of 26% for single cell protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]