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Objective To explore the research current status, hot spots and trends of research on the Chinese medicine external therapy of ulcerative colitis (UC) in China in the past 20 years. Methods The relevant literatures indexed in China Knowledge Network, Wanfang Database, and VIP Database from January 2000 to October 2022 were searched, and CiteSpace 5.8.R3 and Note Express software were used to screen and visualize the literatures. Results A total of 756 articles were included. The main researchers and teams being Wu Huangan and Liu Huirong and others.The institution with the largest number of publication was Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian. The hot keywords mainly included enema, retention enema, Chinese medicine enema and acupoint embedding, etc., and 11 clusters were formed, with enema, curative effect and acupoint embedding as the main research hotspots. Conclusion In recent years, the hotspots of Chinese medicine external therapy for UC have changed from the observation of the clinical efficacy of enemas and acupoint embedding to the study of safety and mechanism of action. Future research should strengthen cooperation and communication among institutions, conduct comparative research on the efficacy of different external treatment methods of Chinese medicine, and carry out basic research.

[Objective] The particle size distributions (PSD) of different soils measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and by the pipette method (PM) in the water erosion region of China was compared in order to provide a reference for the determination of typical soil PSDs and their applications in soil erosion models. [Methods] Five typical soils corresponding to the five water erosion subregions of China (i.e., black soil, cinnamon soil, loess, purple soil, and red soil) were collected and analyzed by PM and SEM. Specifically, soil suspensions of different size classes obtained by PM (i.e., < 100, < 53, < 20, < 10, < 5 and < 2 μm) were measured using SEM. The PSD results determined by PM and SEM were compared and the causes for their difference were determined. [Results] For most soil suspensions obtained by PM, particles larger than the corresponding size classes of the suspensions were detected by SEM. As the size classes of soil suspensions decreased, both the count and volume fractions of the corresponding sizes, as measured by SEM, decreased. For the suspensions < 100 μm, the particles of the black, cinnamon, and purple soils fell mainly in the 20—53 μm class, resulting in relatively lower values of SEM-derived mean volume diameter (MVD). In contrast, the primary size classes of the loess and red soil were 20—53 and 53—100 μm, leading to larger MVD. Little difference was observed in the PSDs of loess between PM and SEM for the suspension < 100 μm. Compared with SEM, PM overestimated the clay fractions < 2 μm of the other soil samples, and underestimated the size fractions of 20—53 μm for the black, cinnamon, and purple soils, as well as the fractions of 20—100 μm for the red soil. As a result, the PM-derived mean weight diameters (MWD) were smaller than the SEM-derived MVD for all of the investigated soils. Additionally, the PSD discrepancies between the two analytical methods shifted the textural classes of 84.6% of the total soil samples. Converting the PM-derived PSD with the optimal S-curve models, the proportion of the samples with different textural classes due to PSD analytical method decreased to 61.5%. [Conclusion] Based on the SEM results, PM tended to misestimate the PSDs of all of the five typical soils in the water erosion region. The PSD differences between the two methods varied with soil type and were mainly related to soil mineral composition and clay mineral types.

In view of problems of low efficiency, serious wasting cost and poor safety of existing steel rope damage detection methods which using artificial method to inspect and regularly replacing steel rope, a detection system of solenoid magnetic induction for broken steel wire rope was designed. The detection theory of the system is: when broken wire occurs, the permeability will be reduced accordingly, reluctance increases, and the inductance decreases, and then induced electromotive force will be generated because of the imbalance magnetic field of coil. According to the induced electromotive force, the situation of broken wires can be determined. The experiment results show that the system overcomes defects that traditional electromagnetic detection technology cannot accurately detect internal broken wire rope, and accuracy can reach above 95%.

Periaxin, a protein of noncompact myelin, is specifically expressed in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). There are two protein isoform L-periaxin and S-Periaxin by alternative splicing of periaxin gene, playing an important role in the initiation of myelin formation. So far, 18 different mutation sites in L-periaxin gene have been found to induce the peripheral demyelinating neurological charcot-marie-tooth diseases subtype 4F (CMT4F). The technique of activation of transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENS) was used to knock out the L-periaxin gene in RSC 96 cell line of Rattus. According to the design principle, the knock-out site of L-periaxin was assured to NLS domain of L-periaxin, which is target sequence of left and right arms of TALEN. The knock-out vectors of TALEN-L and TALEN-R were established and transfected into RSC96 cell. After puromycin screening, L-periaxin was knocked out successfully in RSC96 cell, which is confirmed by DNA sequence. The mutation efficiency is 21.6%. S-periaxin, not L-periaxin can be detected by Western blotting in L-periaxin gene knock-out RSC96 cell. The cell growth rate was decreased and the number of cells in G1 increased and decreased in S phase in L-periaxin gene knock-out RSC96 cell by flow cytometry and MTT assay.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcome of the femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) in our first 300 cases., Methods: In this retrospective study, the study group comprised 300 cases (300 eyes) in which FLACS was done. The control group comprised 300 cases (300 eyes) in which phacoemulsification was performed. The steps of the FLACS included capsulotomy, lens fragmentation, corneal incisions, and creation of incisions within the peripheral cornea to aid the correction of pre-existing astigmatism. After the FLACS, 2.2-mm coaxial micro-incision phacoemulsification and implantation of an intraocular lens were operated. The preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), the cumulative dissipated energy (CDE) of the phacoemulsification, and the parameters of the FLACS, including the docking time, the suction time and the laser time, were recorded. The complications of the FLACS were analyzed., Results: The FLACS was successfully completed in 99.33% of the cases. The docking time was (24.6 ± 16.8) sec, the suction time was (101.27 ± 20.09) sec, and the laser time was (23.3 ± 5.5) sec. The most common complications of the FLACS included suction break (7/300, 2.33%), subconjunctival hemorrhage (58/300, 19.33%), pupillary constriction (47/300, 15.67%), incision at a wrong site (13/300, 4.33%), anterior capsular tag (17/300, 5.67%), decentration of the capsulorhexis (11/300, 3.67%), failure to split the lens nucleus (5/300, 1.67%), and posterior capsular ruptures (1/300, 0.33%). The CDE was 5.52 ± 5.18 in the FLACS group and 8.37 ± 7.91 in the traditional phaco group (P < 0.05). The UCVA was 0.12 ± 0.08 and 0.13 ± 0.11 at 1 month after the FLACS and traditional phaco, respectively (P > 0.05)., Conclusions: Compared with the conventional phacoemulsification surgery, the FLACS can achieve less CDE and better early postoperative visual acuity. Long-term effects remain to be investigated.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index, weight gain during pregnancy and small for gestational age (SGA) birth so as to provide evidence for the development of comprehensive prevention programs on SGA birth., Methods: Between March, 2012 and July, 2014, 4 754 pregnant women were asked to fill in the questionnaires which were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University. Data related to general demographic characteristics, pregnancy and health status of those pregnant women was collected and maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and maternal weight gain were calculated. Subjects were divided into different groups before the effect of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and weight gain during pregnancy on SGA birth were estimated., Results: The overall incidence of SGA birth was 9.26% (440/4 754). Proportions of SGA birth from pre-pregnant, underweight group, normal weight group, overweight and obese groups were 9.85%, 8.54% and 9.45%, respectively. Results from multi-factor logistic regression analyses showed that after adjusting the confounding factors as age, history on pregnancies etc., women with high pre-pregnancy BMI showed a lower incidence of SGA than those under normal pre-pregnancy BMI (OR = 0.714, 95% CI: 0.535-0.953). Different weight gains during pregnancy were statistically significant (χ(2) = 8.811, P = 0.012). Incidence of SGA birth that was below the recommended range in the 2009 Institute of Medicine Guidelines (12.20%) was higher than those within (9.23%) or beyond (8.45%) the recommended range. Results from the multi-factor logistic regression analyses showed that, after adjusting the confounding factors as age, pregnancy history etc., factor as weight gain below the recommended level could increase the risk of SGA (OR = 1.999, 95% CI: 1.487-2.685). In the underweight, normal weight, overweight or obese groups, with weight gain during pregnancy below the range, the incidence of SGA showed an increase (OR = 2.558, 95% CI: 1.313-4.981, OR = 1.804, 95% CI: 1.258-2.587, OR = 3.108, 95% CI: 1.237-7.811). There was no interaction of addictive or multiplicative models between these two factors under 'interaction analysis'., Conclusion: Women with high pre-pregnancy BMI presented a lower incidence of SGA than those within the normal range. Insufficient weight gain during pregnancy could increase the risk of SGA delivery. These findings called for attention to be paid to the gestational weight gain, in order to decrease the risk of SGA.