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Objective To investigate the effect of lncRNA SNHG14 targeting at miR-142-5p on the neuronal damage induced by oligomeric Aβ. Methods PC12 cells were divided into control group, model group, model+si-NC group, model+si-SNHG14 group, model+miR-NC group, model+miR-142-5p group, model+si-SNHG14+anti-miR-NC group, and model+ si-SNHG14+anti-miR-142-5p group. The level of SNHG14 and miR-142-5p was calculated by RT-qPCR. CCK-8 method and flow cytometry were applied to detect inhibition rate on cell proliferation and apoptosis rate. ELISA method was used to detect TNF-αand IL-6 in the culture. Dual luciferase report assay was used to find the targeting relationship between SNHG14 and miR-142-5p. Results SNHG14 was highly expressed (P＜0.05)while miR-142-5p was lowly expressed (P＜0.05) in plasma of AD patients. Compared with the control group, the SNHG14 level, cell proliferation inhibition rate, and apoptosis rate in the model group were significantly increased (P＜0.05), the level of miR-142-5p was significantly reduced (P＜0.05), and the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the culture medium were significantly increased (P＜0.05), IL-10 level was significantly decreased (P＜0.05). Compared with the model+si-NC group, the cell proliferation inhibition rate and apoptosis rate in the model+si-SNHG14 group were significantly reduced (P＜0.05), the level of TNF-α and IL-6 in the culture medium was significantly reduced (P＜0.05), IL-10 level was significantly increased(P＜0.05). Compared with the model+miR-NC group, the cell proliferation inhibition rate and apoptosis rate in the model+miR-142-5p group were significantly reduced (P＜0.05), and the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the culture medium were significantly reduced (P＜0.05) and IL-10 level was significantly increased (P＜0.05). miR-142-5p was a direct target of SNHG14. Compared with the model+si-SNHG14+ anti-miR-NC group, the cell proliferation inhibition rate and apoptosis rate in the model+ si-SNHG14+anti-miR-142-5p group were significantly increased(P＜0.05), and the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the culture medium were significantly increased (P＜0.05), IL-10 level was significantly decreased (P＜0.05). Conclusions Silencing SNHG14 may alleviate oligomeric Aβ-induced neuronal damage by targeting at and promoting miR-142-5p expression.

A design of radio frequency （RF） module in ultra high frequency （UHF） orthogonal frequency division multi-plexing （OFDM） node for mobile multimedia sensor network was presented. It adopts direct frequency conversion and power back-off technologies, supports high speed multiplex data transmission in time division multiple access （TDMA） mobile network, and has the ability of high linearity, high sensitivity, wide dynamic range and high out-of-band suppres-sion. It can be applied to very important person （VIP） motorcade video wireless monitoring system, public security emergency command system, and battlefield surveillance system, etc.

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An experimental program was conducted on the 1: 2 scaled model of new-type precast RC floor ( NPF) to evaluate its vertical mechanical behavior. Performance of the specimen was evaluated in terms of vertical bearing capacity, flexural deformation, stress-strain laws and its' two-direction working mechanism. The result shows that the NPF has a high vertical bearing capacity, and the beam-to-slab connections and slab joints have a good performance during the test. The deformation shape of the NPF under vertical uniform distributed force is close to a salver, which means that the NPF has the two-way slab deformation characteristic. The deflection at the middle span of the NPF is about 0.445 times of the one-way slab with the same physical dimension, which shows that the new-type joint connection can effectively decrease the deflection of the floor slab. It is found that the moment in the NPF can be transferred transversely between slabs, which means that the NPF has the similar mechanical property to that of two-way slabs [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experimental program was conducted on the 1 : 2 scaled model of new-type precast RC diaphragm (NPD) to evaluate its in-plane mechanical behavior. Performance of the specimen was evaluated in terms of crack and failure mode, the pattern of in-plane deformation, hysteretic curves, ductility, stiffness degradation and energy dissipation capacity. The results show that the NPD has high in-plane stiffness and good integrity. The beam-to-slab connections and slab joints perform well during the test process. The ductility of the specimen is acceptable, while the energy dissipation is not that satisfactory, confirming that the elastic design method of precast RC diaphragms is rational. The in-plane deformation pattern will convert from bending shape to shearing type as the diaphragm enters nonlinear working stage and the displacements between adjacent slabs are enlarged. The shear and axial force distribution pattern of the specimen was analyzed. The results indicate that internal force distribution is similar to the simply supported beam, which can be used for theoretical analysis of NPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experimental program consisting of prototype tests of selected slab connections was conducted to evaluate the seismic behavior of the proposed slab connections used in new-type precast concrete floor diaphragms. Performance of the test specimens was evaluated in terms of crack and failure mode, hysteretic curves, ductility, stiffness degradation and energy dissipation capacity, etc. The test results reveal that the hysteretic curves of hairpin connection (HPC), cover plate connection (CPC) and hybrid connection combined with hairpin connector and cover plate connector (HP-CPC) are plump and show good energy dissipation and seismic performance. The in-plane shear bearing capacity of the new-type connection consisting of coupled mechanical connectors in both side of the slab can be predicted in a simple superposition method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Guizhou Province ranks first in terms of Hg reserves and production in the country, and rice is its largest grain crop. In order to study the characteristics and pollution causes of soil-rice Hg content at the provincial level in Guizhou and to carry out safe planting zoning, 1 564 pairs of soil-rice samples, 470 natural soil samples, and 203 individual paddy soil samples were collected to test their Hg content and basic physical and chemical properties of the soil. The results showed that:① Paddy soil was mainly neutral and acidic, the paddy soil ω (Hg) range was 0.005-93.06 mg·kg -1 , and the geometric mean was 0.864 mg·kg -1 . The Hg content of paddy soil in Guizhou Province was significantly higher than that in natural soil (0.16 mg·kg -1 , P < 0.05). Compared with the filtered value and control value, the soil samples exceeded the standard by 63.25% and 14.71%, respectively. Among them, the soil Hg pollution in Danzhai County of Qiandongnan Prefecture, Wuchuan County of Zunyi City, Zhenfeng County of Qianxinan Prefecture, and Wanshan District of Tongren City was more prominent. ② Rice ω (Hg) ranged from 0.000 5 to 0.52 mg·kg -1 , and the geometric mean was 0.010 mg·kg -1 , the percentage of rice Hg content exceeding the standard was 25.87%, and the exceeding points were mainly distributed in Suiyang County of Zunyi City, Zhenfeng County of Qianxinan Prefecture, Xixiu District of Anshun City, Bijiang District of Tongren City, and other industrial and mining activity-intensive areas. ③ The majority of the study area was in the priority protection category (74.75%); the safe use category accounted for (24.62%); and the strictly controlled category (0.93%) was scattered in Danzhai County at the border between Qiannan Prefecture and Qiandongnan Prefecture, Zhenfeng County in Qianxinan Prefecture, and Wanshan District in Tongren. It is not recommended to plant rice, which can be used as feed for reproduction.

To investigate the change characteristics of exogenous cadmium (Cd) into red soil over time, different concentrations of Cd (0, 0.3, 2.0, 5.0, 10, 30, 60, and 100 mg·kg -1 ) were added to farmland soil, and samples were taken at the 3 rd , 7 th , 14 th , 28 th , 42 th , 56 th , 70 th , and 84 th day, respectively. The occurrence of Cd in farmland soil was analyzed using the BCR hierarchical extraction method, and the stabilization and distribution characteristics of Cd in farmland soil were simulated by three dynamical models. The results showed that:① After exogenous Cd entered the soil, the soil Cd form was redistributed, tending to the original soil Cd form distribution characteristics, the binding strength of Cd and soil increased as time increased, and the total redistribution coefficient gradually tended to 1. ② Stabilization of exogenous Cd in red soil was a long-term process. The extractable state of weak acid gradually transformed to the other three forms and finally to the residue state. Within 84 days, the oxidation state at 0.3 mg·kg -1 gradually decreased with time, and the other concentrations showed the opposite. Within 84 days, when the reducible state was below 30 mg·kg -1 , it gradually decreased with time, and the other concentrations showed the opposite. ③ The stabilization process of exogenous Cd in red soil was mainly a diffusion process controlled by multiple reaction mechanisms. The higher the concentration of exogenous Cd, the higher the change rate of the residual state. These research results can provide theoretical basis for the related research based on exogenous cadmium and the risk control and remediation of soil contaminated with heavy metals.

In order to understand the distribution characteristics of As content in dryland soils and maize seeds in Guizhou province and to evaluate the safety of maize cultivation, 468 natural soil samples, 1260 dryland surface soil samples, and 980 corresponding maize seed samples were systematically collected to determine their As content and basic physicochemical properties. The degree of contamination of the samples was evaluated by using the single-factor contamination index method. The results showed that: ① the range of ω (As) in dryland soil was 0.35-758.53 mg·kg -1 , with a geometric mean of 23.28 mg·kg -1 . The independent sample T -test showed that the As content of dryland soil in Guizhou province was significantly higher than that of natural soil ω (As) 21.29 mg·kg -1 ( P <0.01), indicating the existence of arsenic accumulation effects in dryland soil; compared with the screening value of the "Agricultural Land Soil Pollution Risk Management and Control Standard" (GB 15618-2018), the excess rate of soil samples was 33.81%. ② Corn seed ω (As) ranged from 0.001 to 0.868 mg·kg -1 , with a mean value of 0.064 mg·kg -1 , and 0.61% of the corn seed samples exceeded the limit value of "Limits of Contaminants in Foods" (GB 2762-2017), with the exceeding points distributed in Bijie City, Qianxinan Prefecture, and Tongren City. ③ When corn seeds were used as feed and grain, maize could be safely grown in dryland soils in Guizhou province. This study showed that the soil As pollution in the dryland of Guizhou province was relatively serious, and overall safe maize cultivation can be achieved; however, the cultivation of maize around the As-related non-ferrous metal mining areas is still of concern.

Objective: To observe the efficacy of ZHU Lian inhibition type Ⅰ acupuncture for acne with spleen-stomach dampness-heat, and to explore its possible action mechanism., Methods: A total of 82 patients of acne with spleen-stomach dampness-heat were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 41 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with danshentong capsules (1 g, 3 times per day) and 0.1% adapalene gel smear (once every night) for 4 weeks. The patients in the observation group were treated with ZHU Lian inhibition type Ⅰ acupuncture at Hegu (LI 4), Neiting (ST 44), Quchi (LI 11), Yangbai (GB 14), Sibai (ST 2), Qihai (CV 6), Xuehai (SP 10), Yinlingquan (SP 9) and skin lesions, once every other day, 7 times as a course of treatment, totaling for 2 courses of treatment. The skin lesion score of the global acne grading system (GAGS) and quality of life-acne (Qol-Acne) score as well as the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were compared between the two groups before and after treatment; the clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups, and the recurrence rate was evaluated 4 weeks after treatment., Results: After treatment, the skin lesion scores of GAGS in the two groups were reduced ( P <0.05), and the score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group ( P <0.05). After treatment, the Qol-Acne scores were increased in the two groups ( P <0.05), and the score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group ( P <0.05). The serum levels of TNF-αand IL-6 in the two groups were reduced after treatment ( P <0.05), and those in the observation group were lower than the control group ( P <0.05). The total effective rate was 95.1% (39/41) in the observation group, which was higher than 82.9% (34/41) in the control group ( P <0.05). Four weeks after treatment, the recurrence rate of acne lesions was 10.3% (4/39) in the observation group, which was lower than 32.4% (11/34) in the control group ( P <0.05)., Conclusion: ZHU Lian inhibition type Ⅰ acupuncture is effective for acne with spleen-stomach dampness-heat, and the recurrence rate is low. Its mechanism may be related to the reduction of serum inflammatory factor TNF-α and IL-6.

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) combined with Zhuang-medicine-thread moxibustion on silent information regulator-1 (SIRT1)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signal pathway and inflammatory factor expression in gastric antrum tissue of diabetic gastroparesis (DGP) rats, so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of DGP., Methods: Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal, model, medication, EA, Zhuang-medicine-thread moxibustion (moxibustion) and EA+moxibustion groups ( n =12 per group). The DGP model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Rats of the medication group were treated by gavage of 0.15 mg/mL mosapride citrate suspension. EA (10 Hz /50 Hz, 2 mA) or moxibustion (3 cones) or EA+moxibustion was applied to "Zhongwan"(CV12), bilateral "Neiguan"(PC6) and bilateral "Sanyinjiao"(SP6) of the related group for 20 min, once a day for 3 weeks. Blood glucose, gastric emptying rate and intestinal propulsion rate were measured. The levels of serum interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were detected by ELISA; the phosphorylation level of the phosphorylated inhibitor of nuclear factor κBα inhibitor (pIκ-Bα), the protein and mRNA expression of NF-κB p65 and SIRT1 in the gastric antrum tissue were detected by Western blot and real-time quantifitative PCR, respectively., Results: (1) Compared with the normal group, the levels of blood glucose, serum IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and gastric pIκ-Bα and NF-κB p65 protein and mRNA expressions were significantly increased ( P <0.01), and the gastric emptying rate, intestinal propulsion rate, serum IL-10 level, and SIRT1 protein and mRNA expressions were considerably decreased in the model group ( P <0.01). (2) In contrast to the model group, the blood glucose in the EA, moxibustion and EA+moxibustion groups, serum IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels in the 4 treatment groups, as well as NF-κB p65 protein expression in the medication and EA+moxibustion groups, and NF-κB p65 mRNA expression and pIκ-Bα protein and mRNA expression in the 4 treatment groups were significantly decreased ( P <0.01, P <0.05); while the gastric emptying rate and intestinal propulsive rate and IL-10 content in the 4 treatment groups, and SIRT1 protein and mRNA expression in the medication and EA+moxibustion groups were obviously increased ( P <0.05, P <0.01). (3) The effects of EA+moxibustion were significantly superior to those of simple EA and moxibustion in increasing gastric emptying rate, IL-10, SIRT1 protein expression ( P <0.05, P <0.01), and in lowering IL-8 and TNF-α contents, pIκ-Bα protein and mRNA expression and NF-κB p65 mRNA expression ( P <0.05, P <0.01). No significant differences were found among the 4 intervention groups in promoting the intestinal propulsive rate and among the EA, moxibustion and EA+moxibustion groups in lowering blood glucose ( P >0.05)., Conclusion: EA combined with Zhuang-medicine-thread moxibustion can effectively reduce the level of serum inflammatory factors and regulate SIRT1/NF-κB signal pathway in DGP rats, which may contribute to its function in improving gastrointestinal movement.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of ZHU Lian 's type-Ⅰ inhibition acupuncture combined with Zhuang medicinal thread moxibustion for acute herpes zoster (HZ), and explore the possible analgesic mechanism., Methods: Sixty-six patients with acute HZ were randomly divided into an observation group (33 cases, 1 case dropped off) and a control group (33 cases, 1 case dropped off). The patients in the control group were treated with valaciclovir hydrochloride tablets, mecobalamin tablets and vitamin B 1 tablets for 14 days. The patients in the observation group were treated with ZHU Lian 's type-Ⅰ inhibition acupuncture and Zhuang medicinal thread moxibustion. ZHU Lian 's type-Ⅰ inhibition acupuncture was given at ashi points (around herpes site), Qimen (LR 14), Geshu (BL 17), Quchi (LI 11), Xuehai (SP 10) and Neiguan (PC 6); Zhuang medicinal thread moxibustion was given at Changzi point, Kuihua point, Xionglongji point, Zhuang medicine Jiaji points; both the treatment was given once every other day for 14 days. The symptom improvement (blister stopping time, scab forming time, scab removing time) in the two groups were observed. The pain visual analogue scale (VAS) score and serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, substance P (SP) in the two groups before and after treatment were compared. The clinical efficacy of the two groups and the recurrence rate of neuralgia 1, 2, 3 months after treatment were evaluated., Results: The blister stopping time, scab forming time and scab removing time in the observation group were earlier than those in the control group ( P <0.05). Compared before treatment, VAS scores and serum levels of IL-6, IL-8 and SP in the two groups were decreased after treatment ( P <0.05), and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group ( P <0.05). The total effective rate in the observation group was 96.9% (31/32), which was higher than 84.4% (27/32) in the control group ( P <0.05). The recurrence rates of neuralgia 1, 2, 3 months after treatment in the observation group were 9.7%, 6.5%, 3.2%, which were lower than 29.6%, 22.2%, 14.8% in the control group ( P <0.05)., Conclusion: The ZHU Lian 's type-Ⅰ inhibition acupuncture combined with Zhuang medicinal thread moxibustion have better analgesic effect and lower recurrence rate of neuralgia in patients with acute HZ, and this effect might be related to the reduction of serum IL-6, IL-8 and SP levels.

To evaluate the safety of rice planting in cadmium geological anomaly areas, 41 natural soil, 479 paddy soil, and 432 rice samples were collected in southwestern Guangxi. The contents of Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn and soil physical and chemical properties were measured. The single factor pollution index method ( P i ) was used to evaluate the degree of contamination of the sample, and correlation analysis were used to explore the main factors affecting the heavy metal content in rice. The results showed that ① soil pH of the paddy field was 6.8; the organic matter content was 39.00 g·kg -1 ; the risk screening value was based on the soil environmental quality standards for soil pollution risk control and control of agricultural land (GB 15618-2018), the exceeding standard rates of Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn in soil were 60.75%, 2.09%, 0.83%, and 1.88%. ② The over-standard rates of Cd and Ni in rice were 9.03% and 4.39%, respectively. Considering straw as raw material for feed and organic fertilizer, the corresponding over-standard rates of Cd were 6.94% and 1.16%. ③ Correlation analysis showed that soil pH, organic matter, total heavy metal, and available content were the main factors affecting the content of heavy metals in rice. Cd and Ni in the study area all exhibited certain over-standard phenomena, and the low-accumulation rice varieties could be planted to reduce heavy metal content in rice.

To understand spatial distribution characteristics and pollution status of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in soils within geochemical anomaly areas in southwestern Guangxi, 256 natural and farmland soils were collected, and heavy metal contents in soils were analyzed. The results show the following:① The background values of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in natural soils were 0.890, 32.58, 51.50, 55.57, and 168.1 mg·kg -1 , respectively. The pH value of farmland soil ( n =193) ranged from 4.8 to 7.9. The geometric mean values of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were 0.637, 30.76, 27.04, 39.59, and 123.9 mg·kg -1 , respectively. ② Kriging interpolation results showed that the spatial distribution characteristics of Cd, Ni, Pb, and Zn in farmland soils were similar, and high-content areas were mainly concentrated in Chongzuo-Longzhou area. The highest content of Cu was found in Tianlin County, Lingyun County, Baise City, and Tianyang County. ③ Taking the "Standard for Risk Control of Soil Pollution in Agricultural Land of Soil Environmental Quality" (GB 15618-2018) and soil baseline values as evaluation criteria, the above-standard rates of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in farmland were 57.5%, 6.2%, 0.5%, 3.6%, 10.9%, and 4.1%, 14.0%, 0.5%, 2.1%, and 2.1%, respectively. The comprehensive pollution index shows that Tiandeng County, Longan County, Daxin County, Longzhou County, and Chongzuo City have severe combined pollution characteristics. The most important reason behind the high background value (particularly the Cd element) in the geochemical anomaly area of southwestern Guangxi is that the topography of the study area is complex, and the types of heavy metal deposits are numerous, which means that the parent material (rock) itself has a high content of heavy metals, which is weathered into soil. This soil inherits heavy metals from the parent material (rock).

To investigate the levels of heavy metal Cd in paddy soils in high cadmium anomaly areas in Guangxi, and to assess their potential ecological risks to the environment. Through preliminary screening and detailed investigation, 912 pieces of soil samples from high-cadmium abnormal area were collected in multiple batches to determine the soil Cd content. The single-factor pollution index method and potential risk index method were used to control the Cd pollution degree of paddy soil. Potential risks were evaluated. The results showed that:① The average Cd values of natural soil, paddy soil, and dryland soil in the initial screening were 0.915, 0.591, and 0.593 mg·kg -1 , respectively. ② In the detailed investigation, the soil pH is 4.6-8.7, which is between acidic and weakly alkaline. If the Soil Environmental Quality Standard (GB 15618-2018) is used as the evaluation standard, the Cd of the soil sample in Pingguo County, Tiandong County, Long'an County, and Liucheng County is seriously exceeded, and the soil sample in the paddy field of Rongshui Country is not polluted. Based on the soil baseline value, the Cd in the soil samples of Tiandong County, Liucheng County, and Rongshui County were non-polluting. In the paddy soils of Tianyang County, Pingguo County, Tianxian County, Daxin County, Long'an County, and Rong'an County, the proportion of Cd in mild to moderate pollution was 4.2%, 3.7%, 14.9%, 2.6%, 7.1%, and 1.4%, respectively. ③ Cd in paddy soils of nine counties and cities presents different levels of potential ecological risks. The soil Cd of some paddy fields in Tiandeng County, Daxin County, and Long'an County was at a high ecological risk ratio of 4.3%, 2.6%, and 2.4%. The soil Cd of Tianyang County, Pingguo County, Rong'an County, and Liucheng County was medium-Middle and high potential risks. Tiandong County and Rongshui County are at low potential ecological risks. In conclusion, the overall Cd in the paddy soil of the study area is high, which may affect the safe planting of rice in the long-term. It will eventually pose a health threat to local residents and should be taken care of. It is recommended to carry out research on soil cadmium bioavailability and rice cadmium accumulation in the study area in order to assess its ecological risk and health risk more scientifically and reasonably.

In order to determine the distribution characteristics of heavy metal pollution in farmland soils and related influencing factors in the Xijiang River Basin, 2187 farmland soil samples were collected and their heavy metal contents were tested. The spatial structure and distribution characteristics of heavy metal elements were studied using a combination of geostatistics theory and GIS spatial interpolation. The potential ecological risk index was employed for risk assessment. Multivariate statistical methods, such as correlation analysis and principal component analysis, were used to analyze heavy metal sources. Results showed that farmland soils in the Basin were enriched with seven kinds of heavy metal to some extent, with Cd accumulation being the most evident. T-test independent samples results showed significant differences in heavy metal content between dry and field paddy soils ( P <0.05). Cd content in paddy soils was significantly higher than in corresponding dry land soils. Cd in farmland soils in Xijiang River exhibited higher potential ecological risk. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis showed that enrichment of Pb, Zn, As, Cd, and Cu in soil was due to anthropogenic factors such as mining activities, traffic, and sewage irrigation, while Ni and Cr were influenced by natural factors, such as soil parent material. High-content areas of As, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu in the upper reaches of the basin are all distributed in the Diaojiang River basin and the Dahuanjiang River basin. Cd was most widely distributed. The most intensive sampling sites indicated that mining activities have caused some degree of heavy metal pollution in local farmland soils.

Nandan County is famous for its mining of nonferrous metals. In order to investigate the effects of mining activities on the soil and rice and to evaluate the health risk of the exposure of typical local inhabitants to heavy metals via consumption of rice, a consecutive 3-day household diet survey in four villages in Nandan was conducted. Liuzhai is an uncontaminated contrast area, and Chehe, Dachang, and Zhanglao are contaminated areas. The data for rice consumption rates were obtained. At the same time, 56 soil samples from rice fields and 90 rice samples were collected for the analysis of As, Sb, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn. In addition, the potential health risk of the exposure of local people to heavy metals via consumption of the rice was assessed using the pollution index method and the data from the intake of heavy metals. Results showed that the mean contents of As, Sb, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn were 58.1, 16.4, 1.22, 49.1, 52.1, and 271 mg·kg -1 in the soil samples from contaminated areas, with higher pollution risks than from the control area for soil heavy metal contents. The Nemero comprehensive contamination index ( P N ) was 3.14, a heavy pollution grade. Cd contents in rice in Liuzhai, Chehe, Dachang, and Zhanglao were 2.23 times, 4.40 times, 3.81 times, and 3.52 times higher than those of GB 2762-2017.The content in rice exceeds the standard in all four areas. The daily intake (DI) of Cd in the four areas was higher than the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) established by FAO/WHO. This indicates that Cd and As are the major heavy metal elements posing health risks to the health of the inhabitants in the mining areas and that the inhabitants in the mining areas are facing severe risks of exposure to heavy metals.

To obtain data for the accumulation of Pb and its risk in soils in the Xijiang River drainage of Guangxi, 2594 samples were collected from nonferrous metal mining soils, farmland soils (paddy soils and dryland soils), and the background soils in the drainage area. Geostatistical analysis combined with GIS was used to study the soil spatial distribution characteristics and pollution distribution of the soil Pb content. The results showed that the Pb background value of the soil was 51.84 mg ·kg -1 in the Xijiang River Basin, and the results of the single sample T test showed that the soil background value was significantly higher than that of a previous study (22.08 mg ·kg -1 ) and the soil background value (20.50 mg ·kg -1 ) in Guangxi province. The geometric mean concentration of Pb in the mining soils, dryland soils, and paddy soils were 655.9, 116.7, and 40.63mg ·kg -1 , respectively, significantly higher than that in other soils. Using GB 15618-1995 and the baseline as the limiting value, the corresponding exceedance rate of the mining soils, dryland soils, and paddy soils were 57.69%, 16.40%, and 8.92% and 54.95%, 8.09%, and 2.03%. The mining soils and farmland soils had an obvious lead accumulation trend. There was an obvious spatial autocorrelation of Pb in the soil, and the structural variation was dominant. The content of Pb in the upper reaches of the Xijiang River reached the middle and lower reaches of the Xijiang River, and the soil Pb was characterized by an obvious decrease. The accumulation of high Pb content in the upper reaches of Diaojiang River is much larger than that in the lower reaches of Diaojiang River. The content of Pb in soil samples in the Xijiang River Basin was mainly rated between mild pollution and moderate pollution, and the pollution was concentrated in the municipal administrative area and the mining activity area. The pollution of the soil in Jinchengjiang and Nandan counties was closely related to the frequent local mining activities.

In this study, 2585 soil samples were collected in the Xijiang River Basin in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the spatial variability and contamination of Arsenic in soils were evaluated using geostatistical and GIS tools. The results showed that the concentrations of As in surface soils (23.82 mg·kg -1 ) were higher than the background values of the Guangxi and Xijiang Rivers in natural soils; the upstream values (Diaojiang River and Huanjiang River) (30.22 mg·kg -1 ) were significantly higher than those in other regions. Concentrations of As in soil samples were in the order of soil in mining areas > soil in dryland > natural soil > paddy soil. As in mining areas were significantly higher than in other areas; high As concentrations were measured in the upstream of the Diaojiang River basin and the downstream of the Huanjiang River Basin. Low concentration clusters were in the six villages of Nandan, which are far from the mine, and in the upper reaches of the Dahuanjiang River and Xiaohuanjiang River Basin. Spatial autocorrelations of arsenic in the watershed soil were evident and the structural variability was dominant. The concentration of As in the upper reaches decreased from the northwest to the southeast. High As concentrations were distributed naturally along the river basin; concentrations in the middle and lower reaches of the basin were between 0.44 mg·kg -1 and 40 mg·kg -1 . The concentration levels of As in total soil samples ranged from no-pollution to slight pollution, and the pollution was mainly distributed in the administrative areas of the city and the intensive areas of mining activities, among which the soil pollution in Jinchengjiang River and Nandan counties was more prominent. Effective measures should be taken to strengthen the safety level of tailings reservoirs during the rainy season, so as to maintain the production levels while protecting living standards of local residents.

Different breeds of cows affect the form of fat exist in dairy products and the final functionality, which depended mainly on the composition of the milk fat globules(MFG). However, the relationship between the composition and breeds has not been illuminated. In our study, differences in the lipid content and fatty acid composition of native bovine, buffalo and yak MFG were investigated by confocal Raman spectroscopy. The research offers the possibility of acquisition and analysis of the Raman signal without disruption of the structure of fat globule. The results showed that yak MFG had a higher ratio of band intensities at 2 885/2 850 cm(-1), indicating yak MFG tend to have a triglyceride core in a fluid state with a milk fat globule membrane in a crystalline state. The buffalo and yak MFG had a higher level of unsaturation compared to bovine MFG, shown by a higher ratio of band intensities at 1 655/1 744 cm(-1). The results indicate that small MFG of buffalo is more unsaturated than yak, while the large MFG of buffalo is less unsaturated than the yak. Thus, selective use of cream with yak MFG would allow a harder and more costly churning process but lead to a softer butter. Buffalo milk which contains larger MFG is more suitable for cream and MFG membrane separation.

This study is to investigate the effect of recombinant human interferon alpha 2b against broad-spectrum respiratory viruses in vitro. At the cellular level, the effect of the recombinant human interferon alpha 2b on influenza A virus was detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR. The effects of the recombinant human interferon alpha 2b on influenza B virus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and coronavirus were detected using cytopathic effect (CPE) method. In this study, the therapeutic index of recombinant human interferon alpha 2b anti-HPIV was 1476.63, the therapeutic index of recombinant human interferon alpha 2b anti-RSV was 141.37, the therapeutic index of recombinant human interferon alpha 2b anti-coronavirus was more than 2820.76, and the antiviral effect of recombinant human interferon alpha 2b was better than ribavirin (RBV). Recombinant human interferon alpha 2b has a stronger inhibitory effect on different influenza A virus RNA than drug control. The therapeutic index of recombinant human interferon alpha 2b anti-influenza B virus was 2.74, with modest effect. Recombinant human interferon alpha 2b in vitro has broad spectrum antiviral activities, low toxicity and high therapeutic index. Recombinant human interferon alpha 2b is expected to become the efficient medicine in clinical against respiratory viruses, as well as provide better services for prevention and treatment of respiratory viruses' infections.

Objective: To investigate the inhibition role of Kang'ai injection (KAI) in rats with hepatic fibrosis., Method: Animal model with liver fibrosis were induced by 0.01% concentration of diethylnitrosamine (DEN). 30 female Wistar rats (160-200 g) were randomly divided into 3 groups: the KAI-DEN group, the DEN group and the blank control group. The KAI-DEN group was administered Kang'ai injection (1 mL x k(-1), intraperitoneal injection, once a week) and the DEN group was administered normal saline intraperitoneal injection. HE staining and VG special staining of liver tissue were used to evaluate liver fibrosis., Result: Compared with the DEN group, relatively less structural damage and less pseudolobular formation in the KAI-DEN group. Collagen area of the blank control group, the KAI-DEN group and the DEN group were (6.52 +/- 2.64)% , (17.41 +/- 1.112)% and (20.180 +/- 2.519)% , respectively. The difference was statistically significant, P < 0.05., Conclusion: Kang'ai injection could inhibit the formation of DEN-induced liver fibrosis.