In recent years, the management of antibiotics has garnered significant attention due to their unique ecological effects, such as inducing antibiotic resistance. Traditional water treatment methods struggle to effectively eliminate trace amounts of antibiotics, posing threats to both ecological environment and drinking water safety. Photocatalysis technology, with its advantages of mild reaction conditions, low cost, high degradation efficiency, and thorough removal, holds great potential for the degradation of antibiotics. Carbon nitride (CN) materials, serving as non-metallic photocatalysts responsive to visible light, have been a focal point in photocatalysis research. However, pure CN suffers from issues like insufficient sunlight absorption, small surface area, and rapid recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, resulting in low photocatalytic activity. Modification strategies such as element doping and the formation of heterojunctions with other materials can effectively enhance the photocatalytic performance of CN, improving its light absorption, promoting the separation and transfer of photogenerated charge carriers. Here, we reviewed the significant progress in the design strategies and mechanisms of charge carrier separation/transfer in CN-modified photocatalysts, summarized their application in the photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics, and prospected the directions for developing advanced CN-modified photocatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]