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Using Coefficient of Variation and GIS spatial analysis, we detected the spatial and temporal evolution and development patterns of border trade in Yunnan counties, analyze the de‐ velopment pattern of border trade in depth by combining with the model of border trade develop‐ ment level, and explore the driving mechanism of border trade by using geographic probes. The results show that: ① the overall trend of county border trade in Yunnan Province is on the rise, and the total volume varies unevenly among counties, with Ruili City in the west and Mengla County in the south as the representative counties with higher total trade volume, while the over‐all trade volume in Ximeng County in the southwest and Lushui County in the northwest is smaller. ② From 2010 to 2020, the development pattern of county border trade in Yunnan Prov‐ ince varies. ③ During the same period, the border trade development in the western and south‐ eastern border counties is high and the growth rate is stable; the development in the northwestern and southwestern counties is low and the growth is fast; the development in the southern coun‐ ties is high and the growth is slow. ④ The main driving factors affecting the border trade in the counties factors are policy and transportation factors, and the secondary driver is GDP per capita, while there are differences in the driving factors of border counties with different neighboring countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Beijing University of Civil Engineering & Architecture is the property of Journal of Beijing University of Civil Engineering & Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To analyze the spatial distribution characteristics, efficiency, and influencing factors of pension institutions in Dongguan, so as to provide reference for optimizing the resource allocation of pension institutions in Dongguan. Methods The resource allocation data of pension institutions in Dongguan were obtained by questionnaire survey, and the spatial distribution characteristics and efficiency of pension institutions were analyzed and evaluated based on GIS and three-stage DEA model. Results There was a good spatial coupling between the resources of pension institutions in Dongguan and the elderly population over 60 years old; the lowest occupancy rate was 12.50%, the highest was 100.005%, and the phenomenon of "difficulty in finding a bed" and "half of the beds were vacant" coexisted. In the third stage, the average comprehensive efficiency decreased from 0.679 to 0.635, and environmental factors had a great influence on the efficiency of resource allocation in Dongguan. There were great differences in the efficiency of pension institutions in different areas. The comprehensive efficiency of urban areas was 0.784, which exceeded the average level of the whole city (0.635). The comprehensive efficiency of the eastern industrial park was only 0.439, which did not reach the average level of the whole city. The per capita regional GDP and the level of aging had a negative impact on efficiency. Conclusion It is suggested to rationally allocate the resources of pension institutions, optimize regional development planning, promote the upgrading of institutional pension services, improve the efficiency of resource allocation, and provide improved reference scheme for improving the service level of pension institutions in Dongguan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate how economic development and health resource input impact infant mortality in Shanghai. Methods Data on GDP per capita, the number of health facility beds per 10,000 population, and the infant mortality rate in Shanghai from 1991 to 2020 were selected and analyzed using the vector error correction model. Results A long-term equilibrium relationship existed between infant mortality, GDP per capita, and the number of health beds per 10,000 persons, with the elasticity coefficient of infant mortality being-2. 83 (95% CI:-3. 86-1. 80) for GDP per capita and-3. 02 (95% CI: -5. 03-- 1. 01) for the number of health beds per 10,000 persons. The maximum value is reached in the 5th and 6th year respectively and has a long-term negative impact. Conclusion The improvement of infant health cannot be achieved without the two-way promotion of socio-economic and health resource investment. It is necessary to promote the effective combination of investment in health resources and economic development, improve the construction of the maternal and child healthcare service system, strengthen the leading role of the Government, and build an efficient mechanism for the investment of health resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To assess the state of village development and inform both development and resource allocation, an evaluation system based on the super-efficiency DEA model was constructed and applied in Xintai City, Shandong Province. Using the coupled coordination model and barrier factor method, the results of the village comprehensive effectiveness assessment and its barrier factors in Xintai were analyzed. The results showed that the average values of production effectiveness, living effectiveness, ecological effectiveness, and comprehensive effectiveness in Xintai were 0.756 1, 0.623 0, 0.572 3, and 0.689 5, respectively, and the overall effectiveness of each dimension was not high and there was much space for improvement. Villages with advantageous production effectiveness had the distribution characteristics of gathering around the central city of Xintai, and distribution of high living effectiveness areas in two sub-administrative center of Xintai， while those with advantageous ecological effectiveness were mainly concentrated in the eastern hilly and mountainous areas. According to the spatial distribution of the coupling coordination degree, the more coordinated areas were distributed in the central urban area of Xintai City and the sub-administrative center of the city, as well as in Fangcheng Town and Longting Town, while the imbalanced areas were distributed in the main agricultural and forestry industry areas. According to the results of barrier factor measurement, the barrier factors of villages in Xintai City were mainly the number of employees, per capita industrial output value, village environmental treatment costs, and new ecological land area of the villages. That is, they were concentrated in the production and ecological effectiveness dimensions. This study developed a method for constructing the comprehensive effectiveness evaluation system of villages and carried out an empirical application. It provides a scientific basis for the formulation of a comprehensive effectiveness enhancement scheme and has certain practical significance for the implementation of a rural revitalization strategy and evidence-based allocation of village elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the application of BIM-based digitalized technology for cement stabilized macadam construction in Ezhou Airport, the advantages of digitalized construction of cement stabilized macadam and the traditional method of cement stabilized macadam construction are analyzed and compared. The efficiency brought about by digitalized paving technology is discussed based on the project quality inspection and evaluation system, BIM technology and digital rolling monitoring equipment. Through practical application, resource input, schedule control, quality control and testing and acceptance inspection of digitalized pavement of cement stabilized macadam, the per capita productivity is improved by using the digital technology andt he construction of cement stabilized macadam is pushed to less human -involved and gradually unmanned, thus providing digital solutions for future construction of cement stabilized macadam for airports and realizing whole-process quality control of cement stabilized macadam construction to ensure that the full life-cycle construction information is available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Rural Water & Hydropower is the property of China Rural Water & Hydropower Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study is based on the travel characteristics of Shenyang residents to park green areas for leisure activities on weekends and holidays, and measures the accessibility of residents to park green areas, the fairness of resource allocation and the spatial matching with residence with the help of Gaussian two-step floating catchment area method, per capita green area location entropy and inconsistency index, respectively, to comprehensively explore the rationality of park green area allocation, which helps to improve the function of park green areas and optimize the urban spatial structure. The results show that: (1) The average travel distance of residents in Shenyang to park green areas for leisure activities has a trend of increasing circles, and most residents travel to park green areas with the characteristics of proximity. The phenomenon of residents' long-distance cross regional leisure activities in the park is less. (2) The parks with high accessibility are located in the east-west direction of the third ring. The parks with low accessibility are located in the north-south direction of the third ring and around the ring road, which is in short supply. (3) The spatial allocation of park green space in the north-south direction in the central part of the city is unfair, and there is a spatial mismatch between residential and park green space functions. Park green space can be appropriately built within the residential function in the central part to ensure the residents' demand for park leisure activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arid Land Geography is the property of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology & Geography and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Beijing University of Civil Engineering & Architecture is the property of Journal of Beijing University of Civil Engineering & Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arid Zone Research / Ganhanqu Yanjiu is the property of Arid Zone Research Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Rural revitalization can be facilitated to explore the spatiotemporal evolution of green development level, spatial diffusion, and convergence effect in modern agriculture. In this study, an evaluation system was constructed for green rural development. The global principal component analysis was carried out to measure the rural green development value in the 30 provincial administrative regions in China during 2006-2020. Visualized mapping and descriptive statistical analysis were used to depict the temporal characteristics, spatial patterns, and regional differences of green rural development levels. And then the spatial autocorrelation and convergence models were utilized to analyze the spatial diffusion and convergence effects of green rural development. The results showed that: 1) There was a steady upward trend in the overall level of green development in the rural areas during the study period, with an average annual growth rate of 0.034%. A spatial pattern was found in the “High in the eastern region and low in the western region, while high in the southern region and low in the northern region”. The temporal feature of the transition from the “low level and high gap” to the “high level and low gap”. 2) There was a significant positive correlation in the spatial diffusion effect of green rural development level. The number of the "high-high" and “low-low” clusters was more than that of the “high-low” and “low-high” ones. The “high-high” cluster was mainly distributed in the eastern Beijing, Shandong, Jiangsu, and Shanghai Provinces, whereas, the “low-low” cluster was mainly concentrated in the western region. 3) The convergence effect of rural green development appeared in the whole country, except for the northeast region. The spatial absolute β convergence coefficient was ranked in the western region (β=-0.243), eastern region (β=-0.069 2), central region (β=-0.039), while the convergence rate was in the western region (0.02), eastern region (0.005), central region (0.003). The green rural development converged to a stable level under the influence of urbanization rate, per capita GDP, and per capita expenditure on science and technology. The direction and degree of each factor varied significantly over the country. The finding can also provide the guiding significance and decision-making support to narrow the gap in green rural development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the spatial-temporal evolution of forest resources construction and protection in China, whether there are spatial correlation and agglomeration effects in the process of development, and identify the key obstacles to forest resources construction and protection in China, the entropy method was used to calculate the comprehensive evaluation index of forest resources construction and protection in China, the Moran index was used to test the spatial correlation effect and spatial agglomeration effect of forest resources construction and protection level in China, and the obstacle model was used to determine the key obstacle factors affecting the construction and protection of forest resources in China. The results showed that: the comprehensive score of China's forest resources construction and protection level increased from 0. 352 1 in 2011 to 0. 705 0 in 2020, and showed obvious stage characteristics. The global Moran index was all greater than 0 and passed the 10% significance test during 2015-2016 and 2018-2020. The local Moran index showed “high-high” agglomeration only in Heilongjiang and Jilin at the 10% significant level in 2020. Origin structure, forest age structure, per capita forestland area, and forest fire frequency were the main obstacles affecting the construction and protection of forest resources in China. From 2011 to 2020, the construction and protection of forest resources in China showed an upward trend. There was obvious spatial positive autocorrelation, and the spatial relationship of most provinces was not significant, but the degree of agglomeration increased with the evolution of time. The level of forest construction is the main obstacle to the construction and protection of forest resources in China. Based on this, some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to promote the construction and protection of forest resources in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agricultural Outlook (1673-3908) is the property of Institute of Agricultural Information, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Promoting the construction of beautiful countryside to carry out zoning and grading of domestic waste disposal in rural areas and to improve the harmlessness of domestic waste disposal in rural areas is of great importance in this regard. 8 indicators (disposable income per capita, population density, garbage collection density, household waste generation per capita, distance from urban and county centres, road network density, topography fluctuation, land area) of 30 881 township units in China were proposed; a scientific and reasonable township identification index system was constructed; the spatial distribution pattern of townships in China was calculated by using spatial difference analysis, spatial autocorrelation analysis, spatial interpolation analysis; and the domestic waste disposal patterns of different types of townships in the eastern, central, western and northeastern of China were discussed. The results show that (1) according to the township classification, China’s townships can be divided into the urban-rural integration type, the intensive type, and the dispersed type of villagers; (2) in terms of spatial heterogeneity, the difference within the indices of townships in the eastern and central of China is relatively small, so the same waste treatment model are popularized; the township indices in the northeastern and western of China are very different, so the different types of domestic waste disposal should be popularized; (3) with respect to spatial correlation, the spatial agglomeration effect of the township index is evident at different scales in China, particularly the spatial correlation effect of “near-vermilion” in the eastern of China. Lastly, based on the spatial distribution characteristics of rural cities and towns, the selection of the rural domestic waste disposal model in different regions of China was summarized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Geography & Geographic Information Science is the property of Geography & Geo-Information Science Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agricultural Outlook (1673-3908) is the property of Institute of Agricultural Information, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potentially inappropriate medications (PIM) in elderly inpatients in the Aerospace Center Hospital, and probe into the work pattern of PIM pharmaceutical intervention conducted by clinical pharmacists, so as to provide theoretical and practical basis for ensuring rational medication in elder patients. METHODS: Through a single center cohort study, the elder patients hospitalized in the Aerospace Center Hospital from Jan. to Jun. 2021 were selected as research objects. These patients were divided into intervention group and control group based on whether the clinical pharmacists carried out pharmaceutical intervention. The Criteria of Potentially Inappropriate Medications for Older Adults in China (2017 version) (hereinafter referred to as the Criteria) was applied to evaluate the PIM of both groups and analyze the effect of PIM improvements by clinical pharmacists. RESULTS: A total of 455 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in the research, including 214 patients in the intervention group and 241 patients in the control group. To eliminate the effect of confounding factors between two groups, propensity score was used to balance the between-group differences. After matching, there were 164 cases in the intervention group and 164 cases in the control group, a total of 328 patients. By applying the Criteria, 257 patients (78. 35%) had at least 1 PIM, with 1 (1 to 2) PIM per capita. In terms of effectiveness, the incidence of PIM (P =0. 023), PIM per capita (P =0. 024) and 90 d all-cause readmission rate (P =0. 032) were significantly lower in the intervention group compared with the control group, with statistically significant differences; in terms of economy, the average treatment cost of patients in the intervention group was significantly lower compared with the control group, with statistically significant difference (P = 0. 022). CONCLUSIONS: Pharmaceutical intervention on elderly inpatients by clinical pharmacists can not only reduce the incidence of PIM, per capita PIM and 90 d all-cause readmission rate, but also reduce the treatment cost of patients and improves the rationality of clinical medication in elderly patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology (10036504) is the property of Editorial Board of Environmental Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The floating population’s livelihood is an important indicator for the measurement of local governments’ governance ability and is also an important way to test the results of urbanization. From the perspectives of fiscal system and fiscal resource, we constructed a theoretical analysis framework of the government’s fiscal capacity affecting the floating population’s settlement intention. Based on the dynamic monitoring data of China ’s National Health Commission and the data of its National Bureau of Statistics during 2014− 2018, this article empirically analyzed the effects of local government’s fiscal capacity on the floating population’s settlement intention. The results showed that: ① During the sample period, fiscal capacity and public service supply had significant positive effects on the floating population’s settlement intention, and fiscal capacity exhibited enhanced adjustment effects in the influence path of public service. ② Region heterogeneity analysis found that the floating population in the eastern region paid more attention to public service, but the adjustment effect of fiscal ability on public service supply was lower, and the mismatch between the demand side and supply side reflected the shortcomings of the fiscal functions. However, the adjustment effect of fiscal ability on public service supply in the central region was the highest. ③ In terms of the local government’s fiscal capacity, fiscal skill capacity improvement enhanced the public service supply levels to promote the settlement intention, while fiscal decentralization, fiscal configuration capacity, and fiscal transparency exhibited interference adjustment effects. ④ In terms of the public service, with the improvement of the government’s fiscal capacity, the positive impact of the hard public service supply on the settlement intention was strengthened, while the household registration restrictions on soft public service weakened the settlement intention. This study then constructed threshold regression models and found that there existed heterogeneous fiscal incentives and government strategic behaviors because of the per capita GDP differences. As the regional per capita GDP exceeded the threshold point, the adjustment effect of fiscal capacity on soft public service was transformed from enhancement to inhibition. Therefore, we should reform the public fiscal system, correct improper fiscal resource allocation patterns, increase local public service supply, and strive to promote the process of urbanization with the people as the key factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition) is the property of Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition) Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sloping farmland has been one of the most important parts of cultivated land in the hills and mountains areas. It is a high demand to clarify the evolution characteristics and driving factors of the temporal and spatial pattern of sloping farmland, in order to rationally utilize resources and ecological functions. This study aims to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics and driving factors of sloping farmland in Chongqing City in southwest China. The aspects covered the temporal and spatial change characteristics, cold and hot spot patterns, as well as the driving factors of sloping farmland. Firstly, the local spatial autocorrelation (LISA) and cold hot spot were selected to determine the local spatial agglomeration characteristics of sloping farmland using the remote sensing data from 2000 to 2018. Secondly, the transfer of land use was obtained to overlay the land use data of each period. A transfer matrix of land use was then used to determine the transfer direction of sloping farmland. Finally, four dimensions were selected as the indicators, including the natural environment foundation, social living conditions, economic development level, as well as policy and institution. A geodetector was then used to determine the driving mechanism of sloping farmland change. The results showed that: 1) The area of sloping farmland decreased by 2.40% and 22 300 km2 in 2018, accounting for 59.35% of the cultivated land, compared with 2000. The average annual change dynamic degree of sloping farmland was greater than 1% in the six districts and counties (Yuzhong, Jiangbei, Jiangjin, Nan'an, Dadukou, and Shizhu). There was an outstandingly different change trend of sloping farmland areas in the different districts and counties. 2) Sloping farmland was significantly transferred from the forest land, grassland, paddy field, and construction land, where the transfer out and transfer in were generally balanced during the 18 years. The sloping farmland returning to the forest land was mainly concentrated in the regions of Shizhu, Wulong, Fengdu, and Yunyang counties in the Qin-Daba and Wuling Mountainous Areas. The area of sloping farmland showed a small decrease trend in the process of land use transfer. 3) There was significant heterogeneity of local spatial autocorrelation in the sloping farmland. The area of sloping farmland in most regions was in the state of high-high and low-low aggregation. The hot spots were concentrated in the northeast of the study area, whereas, the cold spots were distributed in the west and the main urban areas. 4) The factors in the forestry output value, per capita net income of rural residents, grain yield, rural employees, agriculture, forestry, and water expenditure greatly contributed to the slope farmland change, most of which were nonlinear and two-factor enhancement. Among them, the interactive driving factors with the greater explanatory power were the grain yield/slope (2005, 0.927), and per capita net income of rural residents/resident population (2018, 0.910). The leading factors of spatiotemporal characteristics were ranked as economic development, policy regulation, farmers' income, urban expansion, and socio-economic factors. A relatively less impact on the sloping farmland was found in the natural factors, including the altitude and rainfall. The findings can provide a scientific basis for the protection and pattern optimization of slope farmland in the mountainous and hilly areas of southwest China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Beijing University of Civil Engineering & Architecture is the property of Journal of Beijing University of Civil Engineering & Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology (10036504) is the property of Editorial Board of Environmental Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Engineering Management / Gongcheng Guanli Xuebao is the property of Journal of Engineering Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of School Administrators is the property of School Administration Research Association, R.O.C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Stable isotope ratios of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen act as "nature's recorder". A s a carrier for individual human information, human hair can be measured by isotope ratio mass spectrometry ORMS) to translate into information about people's dietary habits, health condition and life track. The basic principle behind establishing dietary lifestyle using isotopic profiles of human hair is the fact that the body's only source of C, N is a person's staple diet. It may have significant differences in carbon, nitrogen isotopic compositions of human hair that are living at different regions. The aim of the study was to analyze the discrepancy of 15N and 13C stable isotope ratios in human hair collected from different cities, and explore the relationship between carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios and human groups, such as gender and age. The carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios in the human hair of 247 local residents from 8 different cities were investigated by IRMS. The results showed that there were significant difference in carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of human hair from different cities. The value of δ13 C was negatively correlated with vegetable consumption per capita. The value of δ15N was positively correlated with meat consumption per capita, and might be increased by high intake of fish. The relationship between δ13C, δ15N and the factors of gender and age demonstrated that there were no significant difference between males and females, but the age of females showed a weakly negative correlation with δ13 C. By comparing the data of this paper and other literatures, the carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in the hair of residents in China were different from other countries, which implied that there were various dietary habits in different countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology (10036504) is the property of Editorial Board of Environmental Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The high-quality development of agriculture is an important feature of the revitalization of rural industries. Guangdong Province is a national leader in characteristic and high-efficiency agriculture. By assessing the level of agricultural high-quality development in Guangdong Province, it can provide a reference for different regions to diagnose agricultural development problems, monitor high-quality agricultural progress, and improve support policies. Taking Guangdong Province as an example, this paper constructs the evaluation model of agricultural high-quality development from three aspects of high efficiency, greening, and stable production, and discusses the spatial agglomeration characteristics and influencing factors of agricultural high-quality development by spatial autocorrelation analysis. It is found that the high-quality development index of agriculture in Guangdong Province showed the characteristics of "plain area>hilly area> mountain area", and formed the pattern of "plain area showed significant high agglomeration, and mountainous and hilly area showed significant low agglomeration". The spatial differentiation characteristics of high-efficiency, greening, and stable production showed significant positive agglomeration, and the spatial agglomeration pattern was similar. The level of agricultural high-quality development was mainly affected by factors such as per capita GDP and elevation. Highlighting the agricultural high-quality development is a gradual process that needs adaptation to local conditions. Different regions need to formulate different policies based on local resource endowments, industrial development characteristics, and local economic development levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The purpose of this paper is to analyze the dynamic changes and driving forces of grassland resources in Huize county of Yunnan province. [ Method] Based on the remote sensing data of2009a and 2016a, the change and driving force of grassland resources in the study area were analyzed quantitatively by comprehensive dynamic change of grassland resources, geo-informatic spectrum and logistic re gression model with the township as the research scale. [ Result] From the data of 2009 - 2016, the comprehensive dynamic change of grass land resources was 5. 85%, in which Xinjie township ( 14. 21 % ) and Tianba township ( 14. 00%) were more drastic changes, Wuxing township (2. 53%) and Jinzhong town (3. 41 % ) were relatively stable; According to the geo-informatic spectrum, the increased patch area of grassland resources was 41 953. 43 hm², the decreased area was 20 818. 92 hm², and the net increase was 21 134. 51 hm², which the newly increased grassland resources mainly came from woodland and cultivated land, accounting for 56. 85%, and the decreased grassland resources mainly flowed to woodland and cultivated land, accounting for 52. 20% ; From the driving forces of grassland resources change, the driving forces of grassland resources increase were annual rainfall, distance from highway, slope 25° - 90° and per capita net income; The driving forces affecting the reduction of grassland resources were annual rainfall, slope 25° - 90° and distance from highway; The driving forces affecting the overall change of grassland resources were slope 25° - 90°, 15° - 25°, 6° - 15°, 2° - 6°, annual average rainfall, ele vation and distance from highway. [ Conclusion] This study can provide important basis for ecological environment protection and sustainable development of Huize county in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study estimates the effects of the unit-based waste pricing program in New Taipei City. The study used fixed-effects models with district-level panel data regarding waste and recycling from July 2007 to December 2011, and demonstrated that the program was related to a significant 40% reduction in monthly per capita waste and a 15% increase in recycling. City-level data from 2000 to 2017 prove that the waste reduction did not rebound in the long term. Because the results were robust under different model specifications and indicated no adverse effects, the paper provides evidence to support arguments that this type of program can effectively reduce waste in high-population-density municipalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Research of Environmental Sciences is the property of Research of Environmental Sciences Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Research of Environmental Sciences is the property of Research of Environmental Sciences Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Research of Environmental Sciences is the property of Research of Environmental Sciences Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to fully research the regional differences and dynamic evolution of cultivated land pressure to ensure food security in Hubei Province, the revised cultivated land pressure index was used to measure the pressure of cultivated land in Hubei Province and its 17 cities. The difference of cultivated land pressure variation in Hubei Province from time series and spatial level was analyzed. The kernel density estimation method was used to describe the dynamic evolution of cultivated land pressure. The results showed that: 1) During the period 2000-2016, the cultivated land pressure index and the minimum cultivated land area per capita showed a decrease trend. The average cultivated land pressure index was 1.011 in Hubei Province; the cultivated land pressure was warning pressure. The minimum per capita arable land area and per capita actual supply area were small. 2) During the period 2000-2016, the change of cultivated land pressure in Hubei Province is inconsistent. The temporal and spatial changes of cultivated land pressure were obvious, and the situation of cultivated land pressure was severe in the central area of Hubei Province, Wuhan in particular. The cultivated land pressure in western area was weaker than that of eastern area of Hubei Province, and the situation of cultivated land pressure in Xiangyang city was the best. The trend of cultivated land pressure in 17 urban areas was different, but the current situation of cultivated land pressure in Hubei was optimistic and the change was small. At the same time, the pressure of cultivated land in western and eastern Hubei provinces was different. In the eastern region, such as Wuhan, E'zhou and Huangshi, they had higher pressures on cultivated land, but Huanggang and Xianning had better pressure of cultivated land. Only the pressure of cultivated land in Xiangyang City reached the best. The pressure on cultivated land in the other four cities was higher than medium pressure; the annual pressure of cultivated land in Shiyan City was higher than high pressure. 3) The overall level of cultivated land pressure gradually decreased during the sample survey period, but the regional gap increased, and the polarization phenomenon was quite obvious. 4) From the perspective of different regions, the overall level of cultivated land pressure in the eastern Hubei was continuously decreasing, the regional gap was large, and the polarization phenomenon was more prominent; the pressure level of cultivated land in central Hubei was low, the regional gap was not large, and the polarization was not obvious; the pressure of cultivated land in western Hubei horizontally centered, there was a regional gap, and polarization was not obvious as the eastern region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Using the panel threshold model proposed by Hansen, this paper empirically studies the nonlinear relationship between economic globalization and ecological footprint based on panel data of 55 countries along "The Belt and Road" from 1993 to 2013, with economic development level (per capita GDP) as the threshold variable. The results show that there are distinctive relations between economic globalization and ecological footprint divided by thresholds rather than a single linear relationship. In different ranges of thresholds, the influences of economic globalization on ecological footprint are different. When the economic development level is less than per capita $ 3905, the improvement of economic globalization can effectively reduce the ecological footprint; when the economic development level exceeds the first threshold of per capita $ 3905, its improvement has positive effect on the ecological footprint, but the coefficient is not significant; when it exceeds the second threshold of per capita $ 8778, its improvement will increase the ecological footprint significantly. Currently, countries along "The Belt and Road" are mainly concentrated in the first and third threshold interval, and the influence of economic globalization on the ecological footprint has a polarization trend. Attention should be given to the countries in the third threshold interval in the process of globalization, which is closely related to many aspects in sustainable development of globalization and "The Belt and Road Initiative". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spatial and temporal coupling relationship between rural residential land and population is the theoretical base for optimizing rural land resources. This paper aims to analyze the sequential variation characteristics, spatial heterogeneity rules and coupling relationship types of Chinese rural land resource and population. Demographic data and land survey data are analyzed with elastic coefficient model. The main research results include: 1) During 2007-2015, rural residential land linearly increased at an average annual rate of 1.94%, and totally increased 257.27×104 hm2. 2) Per capita residential land area of rural population and agriculture population increased at an average annual rate of 4.61% and 1.98%, respectively, and the gap between them was widen at an average annual rate of 16.2%. 3) The coupling relationship between rural residential land and rural population was type G (land area increase, population decrease and the former grows less rapidly than the latter) unbalanced development at national scale, and was type G or type H (land area increase, population decrease and the former grows faster than the latter) unbalanced development in all provinces. The coupling relationship between rural residential land and agriculture population was type H unbalanced development at national scale, and was unbalanced in 93.55% provinces. The research results indicated that the coupling relationship between rural residential land and rural population was unbalanced development in China during 2007- 2015. This research could provide scientific supports for optimizing rural land resources and promoting coordinated development of rural man-land relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper systematically measures the per capita grey water footprint in 31 provinces in the mainland of China during 2000- 2014. Capital and labor factors which are most critical in production factors are first introduced into the research about driving effect of per capita grey water footprint, besides, traditional environmental efficiency factors and technical efficiency factors are coupled. Subsequently, the driving effect of the above factors on per capita grey water footprint is analyzed synthetically by using the extended Kaya identity and LMDI model. The results show that: 1) Nationwide, the biggest reduction of per capita grey water footprint comes from technical efficiency effect, the reduction effect of capital output has been improved in recent years, and the most increment effect is from capital deepening (the annual average value exceeds 52.29 m3 per capita). 2) The spatial distributions of the technical efficiency effect, the capital output effect and the capital deepening effect are all high in the northwest and low in the southeast; environmental efficiency and technical efficiency have greater decrement effect on the per capita grey water footprint in Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin and Shandong, and technological efficiency and capital output are more favorable for the reduction of per capita grey water footprint in other provinces; in addition, capital deepening can lead to significant increase in per capita grey water footprint in all provinces, and it causes the increment over 400 m3 per capita in Tibet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamic changes in the total amount and the structure of urban construction land are barometers to measure the health and efficiency of regional urbanization. From 1981 to 2014, vast changes have occurred in quantity, average per capita area and sprawling elastic coefficient of urban construction land in China. The area of urban construction land increased 6.44 times, which means annual increase of 1 311 km2 in the past 35 years. Per capita urban construction land increased 2.78 times, with annual increase of 2.37 m2. The speed of urban construction land expansion was significantly higher than that of population growth, and presented a large undulating change trend. The structure of urban construction land changed stably as a whole. The total amount of various types of urban construction land in the eastern region accounted for over 50% of the whole nation, which decreased slightly in recent years. The proportion of urban construction land of large, medium and small cities in China remained 50%, 20%, and 30% respectively. The main issues of urban construction land expansion in China during the last 35 years are mainly: 1) the urban construction land spread disorderly that lead to high per capita construction land; 2) the structure of urban construction land is not harmonious, which reduce the efficiency of urban land intensive use; 3) the urbanization and economic growth depended overly on construction land, and this trend is difficult to reverse in short term; 4) too many new city zones have been built in recent years and the area is too large, which exacerbated the expansion of urban construction land. Hence, the urban construction land control in China in the future should be preventing the urban sprawl disorderly, raising the level of land intensive use, optimizing the structure and function of urban construction land and making the cities growth intensively, working out the differential control measures according to local conditions, and guiding the new city zones to rational and moderate development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper estimates the distribution functions of household income and living space per capita in Chinese cities, based on the statistic data of these two variables which are presented in groups. Then we combine the two distribution functions into a joint distribution function of "income-living space" for urban households using the Pearson correlation coefficient method. Based on this estimated joint distribution function, we present the relationship between the share of households that should be covered by public housing policy ("household coverage ratio") and the eligibility requirement in 20 cities, and also compare the size of this share (demand-side) with the share of public housing supply specified in the 12th "Five-Year Plan". The results show that, given the current eligibility requirements in those cities, the share of low-income households that need public housing in a city varies between 12% and 32%, and there is a significant variation among different cities. The supply-demand ratio of public housing in the 7 major regions varies between 0.6 and 1.9, which indicates a serious mismatch between the public housing construction task (supply) assigned by the central government and the size of households that are eligible for those public housing (demand). At the end of the paper, we propose a technique called "coverage ratio indifference curve" which can convert the eligibility requirement to the household coverage ratio of public housing, or from the latter to the former. The estimation method and technique can be used as quantitative support tools for public housing policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the meaning of scientific development: insisting on human-oriented, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development, this paper chooses human all-around development evaluation indicators extensively from four guidelines which include the economics, society, the quality of life, the quality of human. Based on the principle that indicators should be observable, this paper screens the initial indicators, after that, it uses correlation analysis together with principle component analysis to screen the indicators, and at last establishes the evaluation indicators system of human all-around development. The special and contributions of this paper lie on five aspects: firstly, it uses correlation analysis to screen the indicators, deleting the indicators with high correlation coefficient to ensure the indicators cover comprehensive information and not repeat. Secondly, it uses principle component analysis to delete indicators which have no significant impact on evaluation results. Thirdly, the study result reveals that final indicators system uses 17% of initial indicators to reflect 99% of original information. Fourthly, it uses indicators such as Per capita GDP, Gross National Happiness and Gini Coefficient to reflect the human-orientation and the meaning of and the characterized by comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development. Fifthly, the indicators system through quantitative screening based on authorities' typical and high-frequency indicators have double information of experts' knowledge and objective reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the effect of foreign investment on six pollutants such as industrial polluted water, and sulfur dioxide according to China's panel data of 36 manufacturing sectors during 2001 - 2006, which shows that there is a significantly negative correlation between the entry of foreign firms and pollution emission per capita, that is contrary to the popular hypothesis so called pollution haven. We also find that the environmental effect of foreign investment notably varies among different sectors. Meanwhile, the increase of productivity and S&T expenditure helps to facilitate pollution abatement, and increasing environment - related personnel and the share of state - owned enterprises have a positive effect on pollution emission too. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]