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Insects possess some sensitive and complex olfactory systems, whose operation is inseparable from the participation of a variety of olfactory proteins. These proteins can capture, transport, recognize and degrade external odor molecules, and then regulate a series of physiological behaviors of insects such as feeding, mating, reproduction and alarm. In this paper, the functions and crystal structures of odorant binding proteins (OBPs) and olfactory receptors (ORs) in insect olfactory proteins are reviewed. The interaction modes between odorant binding proteins or olfactory receptors and small ligand molecules were also analyzed according to the reported co-crystal structures. Furthermore, the regulating insect behavior study on the plant essential oils was also summarized in this paper. The review is aimed to provide reference on the development of insect behavior control agents with novel plant essential oil-originated structures as leading ones targeted on insect odorant binding proteins or olfactory receptors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objectives]The purpose of this research was to study the novel cigarette beetle repellents. [Methods]The three-dimensional(3D)structures of 11 odorant-binding proteins(LserOBP)of Lasioderma serricorne were predicted by using the AlphaFold2 software, and molecular docking was conducted using Autodock Vina software with 11 LserOBP as receptors and 14 plant-derived molecules with repellent effects on cigarette beetle as ligands. [Results]The binding sites of LserOBP2, LserOBP4, LserOBP5, LserOBP6, LserOBP8 and LserOBP9 to rutin were located in the hydrophobic cavity formed by the α-helixs in the 3D structures of the 11 LserOBP, which were alike to those of the OBP and ligands that had been studied in other species. LserOBP1, LserOBP3, LserOBP5, LserOBP6 and LserOBP8 had good binding ability to trans-anethole, 2-(4-methylphenyl)propan-2-ol, 3-carene, methyl cinnamate, ethyl cinnamate, diethyltoluamide(DEET), terpinyl acetate and rutin, and these compounds had application prospects as the components of the novel cigarette beetle repellents. The binding ability of LserOBP to ligands might be related to the 3D structure of LserOBP, the relative molecular mass of ligand and the functional groups of them. Within a certain range, LserOBP had a stronger binding ability to ligands with larger relative molecular mass. LserOBP could form hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds, salt bridges, π-π stacking and π-cation stacking with ligands, among which the main roles were hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds. And phenylalanine, tyrosine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, tryptophan, lysine and alanine might play a role in LserOBP binding odor molecules. [Conclusions]The molecular docking technique was used to clarify the interactions between 11 odorant-binding proteins of L.serricorne and 14 repellent odor molecules, laying the foundation for the development of new repellents for cigarette beetle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to discover aphid behavioral control agents with new structures, 15 novel geranyl 2- alkoxy-substitutedbenzoate aphid alarm pheromone (E)-β-Farnesene (EβF) derivatives were designed and synthesized by using the method of linking active substructures based on the lead compound 3e (geranyl 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate). The structures of the target compounds were confirmed by ¹H NMR, IR and HRMS. Preliminary bioassay results showed that some target compounds had varied repellent activity against the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum at the dosage of 5 μg. Among them, the compound 6i exhibited the highest repellent proportion of 60.9%, which was not significantly different from that of the lead 3e. The target protein binding experiments showed that some target compounds had good binding activities with the odorant binding proteins of ApisOBP9. Particularly, compound 6i displayed the best binding constant of (4.92±0.18) μmol/L with ApisOBP9. Further molecular docking study revealed that the representative compound 6i had a good binding affinity to the ApisOBP9, wherein it had the similar binding mode with ApisOBP9 like 3e. This study provides important clues for the further structure optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] In this study, the transcriptome database of Apocheima cinerarius was established to annotate the functions of these genes and excavate olfactory related genes, aiming at exploring the phylogenetic relationship of olfactory sensory mechanism of A. cinerarius to-lay a molecular foundation for further of olfactory sensory mechanism of A. cinerarius, and it will be provide molecular informatics foundation for effective prevention and control of the insect [Method] With the aid of using new generation of high-throughput sequencing platform (Illumina HiSeqTM 2500) methords, we performed transcriptional profiling for male and female adults of A. cinerarius. After data assembly, olfactory related genes were screened, and the sequencing results were analyzed by genes clustering and functional annotation. [Result] 37 542 Unigenes were assembled from the transcriptome database( https :/ / www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/ search/all? term = PRJNA648143 ), and a total of 17 296 Unigenes were annotated by comparing the transcriptome data with the public database, these unigenes were 16. 3 % similar to Spoiklptera litura which is the most alike. 11 174 U nigenes were distributed in 55 functional groups in the GO database, including the three categories of cell components, molecular functions and biological processes. KEGG analysis results showed that a total of 5444 Unigenes formed 230 metabolic pathways. The combination of gene annotation information and blastp verified a total of 70 olfactory related genes, including 22 Odorant binding proteins (OBPs),23 Chemosensory proteins ( CSPs ),and 14 Odorant receptors (ORs) (including 13 Ordinary receptorsand 1 ORco), 8 lonotropic receptor( IRs) and 3 Sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs). The phylogenetic tree of 96 CSPs constructed with Ectropis oblique, Semiothisa cinerearia, Bombyx mori, Ostrinia furnacalis and the other four insects showed that A. cinerarius and E. oblique formed a clear orthologous pedigree, and a total of 9 pairs of CSPs were clustered in the same phylogenetic treebranch. [Conclusion] In this study, the transcriptome data of A. cinerarius adult was established for the first time, olfactory-related genes were identified, and investigated the phylogenetic evolution of the identified genes. These results provided basic molecular for the function research and olfactory recognition mechanism of A. cinerarius. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] In order to provide reference for understanding olfactic mechanism of Bactrocera tau, the odorent binding protein ( OBPs) of B. tau was cloned and its related bioinformatics was analyzed. [Method] Based on transcriptome sequencing results of B. cucurbita, the OBPs were screened, identified and analyzed by bioinformatic methods, and the expression distribution of these OBPs in different tissues of female and male was detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction ( sqRT-PCR). [Result] The 6 OBPs of B. tau were identified by sequencing and BLAST analysis,the full length of these genes were498-955 bp,and could encode 128 -314 aa, predicted molecular weights were 14. 67 -36. 24 kDa, isoelectric point were 4. 69 -8. 16, and the N-terminal of every OBP sequence containing signal peptide for 16 - 26 amino acid. The 6 OBPs belonged to two subfamilies with 1 Minus-C OBPs and 5 Classical-C OBPs, and these genes had their own typical conserved Cys sites. The six sequences of OBPs showed obvious differentiation, and their similarity ranged from 30% to 51 % . Phylogenetic tree showed that these OBPs were closely related to that of Zeugodacus cucurbitae,followed by B. minax. These OBPs were expressed in different tissues of both males and females in Z. cucurbi.tae, while OBP14 was not expressed in abdomen of male, and OBP15 was not expressed in female abdomen. [ Conclusion] These results would establish a foundation for further research on molecular and attracting of mechanisms in olfactory sensation from B. tau. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]