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The eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is a tectonic transformation belt regulating the eastward extrusion of materials from the plateau. This area not only has high density active faults and high frequency strong earthquakes, but also has very complex geological and geomorphological features. So it is one of the most serious earthquake hazard areas in China. In recent years, with the development of seismic hazard risk survey and active fault detection, the investigation and study on the strong earthquakes, seismogenic structures and related earthquake hazards in the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and adjacent areas have been continuously improved. In order to timely exchange relevant research results and support regional earthquake prevention and hazard reduction and geological safety evaluation, the journal editorial department of Progress in Earthquake Sciences organized two special topics of “The strong earthquakes and seismogenic structures in eastern margin of Tibetan Plateau and adjacent areas”. In this special topic, a total of 11 representative articles in the fields of strong earthquake structures, earthquake and hazard and tectonic geomorphology were collected and selected. We hope that these new research results may further improve the understanding on regional strong earthquake structural characteristics, seismic hazard and the law of triggering geological hazards, so as to provide scientific basis or reference for preventing the risk of strong earthquake hazards.

Foamed lightweight soil has become an effective material to solve subgrade problems such as uneven settlement in the traffic field because of its advantages of light weight, high strength, good fluidity, and high construction efficiency. The traditionally foamed lightweight soil is mainly made of cement prepared by foaming. With a strong transportation network, carbon peaking, and carbon neutrality, foamed lightweight soil prepared using industrial solid wastes instead of cement has gradually become a research hotspot. Bayer red mud is one of the industrial solid wastes that are most difficult to reuse. Guided by the resource utilization of industrial wastes and the demand for green construction of traffic engineering, this study proposes to use Bayer red mud instead of cement to prepare foamed lightweight soil, and its application in traffic engineering construction has huge engineering value and ecological benefits. Aiming at the problems in the engineering application of red mud-based foamed lightweight soil, this study examined the regulation methods of the rheological properties of red mud-based foamed lightweight soil and revealed the effects of the water–binder ratio and superplasticizers on rheological properties and compressive strength of red mud-based foamed lightweight soil. The optimal water–binder ratio and optimal type and dosage of superplasticizers were determined, and the dynamic control of the performance of red mud-based foamed lightweight soil was realized. In this study, naphthalene superplasticizers significantly improved the fluidity of fresh slurry. The fluidity of the slurry increased with the increase in the water–binder ratio; when the water–binder ratio is 0.6, the fluidity of the slurry is too thick or watery. When the water–binder ratio is 0.5–0.6, the fluidity is between 165 and 212 mm, which is beneficial for construction. Both polycarboxylate and naphthalene superplasticizers can increase the fluidity of slurry. Naphthalene superplasticizers can increase the fluidity of slurry more remarkably, and the fluidity of 0.3% naphthalene superplasticizers increased from 165 to 176 mm when the water–binder ratio was 0.5. If the water–binder ratio is increased, the compressive strength first increases and then decreases. Polycarboxylate superplasticizers can weaken the compressive strength, whereas naphthalene superplasticizers can improve the compressive strength. An infrared spectrogram analysis showed that geopolymer gel is the main hydration product of red mud-based foamed lightweight soil, naphthalene superplasticizers can promote geopolymerization and increase the amounts of hydration products, and the optimum design values of the water–binder ratio and superplasticizers are determined.

Objective: This study constructed a novel method for the separation and purification of polysaccharides from Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBPs) by high-speed countercurrent chromatography with aqueoust two-phase system, and investigated its effect on neuroinflammation. Methods: Through the partition coefficient (K) value and stationary phase retention rate Sf, the conditions for separating and purifying LBPs using aqueous two-phase system coupled with high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) were screened and optimized. Preliminary structural characterisation of LBPs was performed using high performance size exclusion column-multiangle laser light scatter-refractive index detector (HPSEC-MALLS-RID), 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone precolumn derivatization coupled to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analyzer (TG) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, the anti-neuroinflammation effect was investigated on LPS induced BV2 cell model. Results: The optimal biphasic system consisted of ethanol, ammonium sulphate, water and isopropanol had a ratio of 1.4:1.0:2.58:0.3. Under the separation conditions (900 r/min and 0.8 mL/min mobile phase flow rate), three polysaccharide fractions, named LBPs-1, LBPs-2 and LBPs-3, was isolated. Polysaccharide contents were 78.35%±1.52%, 69.03%±1.71% and 62.11%±2.31%. Molecular weights were 7.40×104 Da, 2.73×104 Da and 1.47×104 Da. The monosaccharide composition was as follows: Man:Rha:GalA:GlcA:Glu:Gal:Ara, with the molar ratios of 1.9:4.9:1.3:8.1:7.6:32.6:41.8, 2.1:4.3:1.5:8.3:5.1:28.6:37.9 and 5.9:4.6:1.1:0.7:13.8:66.8:5.3, respectively. There was also a significant difference in terms of thermal stability and micro-morphology. The LBPs exhibited varying degrees of protective activity on LPS-induced BV2 cells. Conclusions: This study would provide technical support for the efficient separation and purification of plant polysaccharides, and scientific basis for the application of LBPs in the inhibition of neuroinflammation related diseases.

The preparation process of soy hull nanocellulose hydrogel was optimized by Box-Behnken response surface. The structure and properties of soy hull nanocellulose hydrogel were studied. On the basis of single factor experiment, the preparation process of soy hull nanocellulose hydrogel was optimized through response surface with three factors and three levels when the maximum stress was used as the index. The structure and properties of soy hull nanocellulose hydrogel were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X ray polycrystalline diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy, UV spectrophotometer, etc. The optimal process parameters were as follows: gelling temperature 191 ℃, freezing time 102 h, CaCl2 concentration 7%. Under this condition, the actual maximum stress of soy hull nanocellulose hydrogel was 84.11 kPa, which was close to the predicted value of 83.7 kPa. The nanocellulose of soy hull/sodium alginate/CaCl2 (SCNFs/SA/CaCl2) hydrogel showed uniform 3D network structure, excellent tensile performance (elongation at break was 220%), mechanical strength (83.97 kPa), transmittance (82%), and electrical conductivity (1.58 S/cm). The SCNFs/SA/CaCl2 hydrogel also had excellent mechanical strength and fatigue resistance after five cycles of stretching, so the service life of hydrogel was increased. This study provides a new method for preparing a tough, transparent, conductive and fatigue-resistant nanocellulose hydrogel.

The bonding performance of CFRP-steel joints between carbon fiber reinforced polymer （CFRP） plate and steel is seriously affected by marine environment. In order to evaluate the bonding strength of CFRP-steel joints exposed to marine environment， a double-lap shear joint on five specinmens with different bonding lengths were corroded for 7 to 21 days in the NaCl solution. The technique of digital image correlation （DIC） was applied to measure the normal strain distribution on the surface of CFRP. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） and energy dispersive spectrometer （EDS） were used to observe microscopic information and monitor element content changes of CFRP surface. The results show that the contents of Na+ and Cl- on the CFRP surface are increased with the increase of corrosion period， which induces charge compensation. Electrolyte penetration into the interface leads to free volume expansion， resulting in a decrease in the interfacial binding strength. The adhesion failure at the interface of adhesive and CFRP is observed in the experiment. The corrosion is aggravated with the increase of time， leading to the decrease of the ultimate load and the ductility. The interface ductility decreases after corroding for 7 to 14 days and the strain softening disappears and exhibits characteristics of the brittle failure after corroding for 21 days. The finite element model was established based on the Fickian theory and bonding-slip constitutive parameters.The diffusion characteristics of seawater between bonding interfaces and the interface typeⅡ delamination process were simulated，and the numenical results are in good agreement with the expermental results.

The research status of operational management for research vessels is reviewed in this paper. The reviewed literature are analyzed from four topics, i.e., operation and management, evaluation of research vessel, voyage sharing and coordination, and others. By investigating four national organizations, research vessel owner, we summarized the operational management experience from five aspects, i.e., scientific survey, ship and research equipment asset, ship operation, ship and equipment safety, and the crew. Taking “ZHUHAIYUN” as an example, this paper uncovers that a ship with characteristic of research vessel and intelligent ship may face three challenges, i.e., without operational management experience for intelligent ships, lack of professional human resources, unestablished organization. To overcome these challenges, the current operational management practice of “ZHUHAIYUN” is introduced from five points, i.e., building the prototype of operational management center, establishing the ship management system, constructing professional team, and developing oceanic culture in the South China Sea. The results provide reference for operational management of both new-building research vessels and intelligent ships.

Tuberculosis （TB） and human immunodeficiency virus infection / acquired immune deficiency syndrome （HIV/AIDS） are both serious global public health threats. Early detection of infected persons and/or patients through TB/HIV bi-directional screening is crucial for prevention and control strategy in China and globally. In recent years， with the promotion and application of new TB and HIV detection technologies worldwide， TB/HIV bi-directional screening technologies and strategies have made remarkable changes. This expert consensus introduces the significance and challenges of TB/HIV bi-directional screening， summarizes important progress of research and applications， and makes recommendations on screening measures and procedures to further strengthen TB/HIV bi-directional screening in China.

Objective Most existing studies on catenary system dynamics simulation are based on the assumption that the pantograph base has only longitudinal degrees of freedom, neglecting the influence of carbody vertical vibration induced by wheel-rail excitation on PC (pantograph-catenary) current collection performance. It is necessary to study the vehicle-pantograph-catenary system (hereinafter referred to as VPC) as a whole. Method Models of PC coupling dynamics and VPC multi-body dynamics are established for both rigid and flexible catenary types. Dynamic PC current collection tests are conducted on a case track, and the feasibility of the calculated results of rigid catenary VPC multi-body dynamics model is verified. Based on train speeds of 80 km/h, 90 km/h, 100 km/h, 110 km/h, and 120 km/h, two speed conditions are selected for the analysis of the vertical dynamic responses at the base of rigid catenary pantograph insulator. Comparative analysis of various dynamic response parameters of the pantograph models and VPC models for both catenary types are conducted under the above five speed conditions. Result & Conclusion The simulation calculation results of the established VPC multi-body dynamics model are reasonable. Carbody vibration has a certain influence on the pantograph current collection performance. Under flexible catenary, carbody vertical vibration has little impact on PC current collection performance, thus may be disregarded. Under rigid catenary, compared to the pantograph model without considering carbody vertical vibration, the PC statistically minimum contact pressure and the pantograph-head maximum lifting displacement calculated by the VPC model considering carbody vertical vibration increase with the increase of train operating speed. The maximum change rate of the PC statistically minimum contact pressure is 24.7%, and the maximum change rate of pantograph-head maximum lifting displacement is 4.2%.

Objective To explore the correlation between markers of tubular injury, 24 h urine protein quantification (24 hUTP) and albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and explore the relationship between tubular and glomerular injuries to provide guidance for clinical management of DKD. Methods From November 1, 2019 to December 31, 118 proteinuric patients with a definite diagnosis of DKD at outpatient clinic and ward were recruited. And 24 hUTP, ACR, blood creatinine, urinary N-acety1-β-D-glucosaminidase, alpha 1 microglobulin, retinol-binding protein and kidney injury molecule-1 were measured and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) calculated by the CKD-EPI formula. Linear correlation analysis was utilized for examining the correlation between markers of proximal tubular injury, tubular reabsorption function and 24 hUTP and ACR. Results 24 hUTP at (0.5-3.5) g/24 h, urinary N-acety1-β-D-glucosaminidase, kidney injury molecule-1, alpha 1 microglobulin, retinol-binding protein were correlated linearly with 24 hUTP. The correlation coefficients (adjusted R2) were 0.192, 0.079, 0.054 and 0.040 respectively. Proximal renal tubular injury markers had the highest correlation with 24 hUTP. Urinary N-acety1-β-D-glucosaminidase, kidney injury molecule-1, alpha 1 microglobulin and retinol-binding protein were correlated linearly with ACR. The correlation coefficients (adjusted R2) were 0.367, 0.058, 0.077 and 0.076 respectively with the best correlation between proximal tubular injury markers and ACR. Conclusions In DKD patients, renal tubular injury markers are correlated linearly with 24 hUTP and ACR. Proximal tubular injury markers have the best correlations with 24 hUTP and ACR. Renal tubular injury is correlated closely with the progression of DKD.

Xylitol with different content (0%~25%) was added to glutinous rice flour to construct a xylitol-glutinous rice flour blend system to investigate the effects of xylitol on the gelatinization properties, thermodynamic properties, gel texture, rheology properties and digestion properties of glutinous rice flour, as well as on the quality of rice dumpling made from xylitol-glutinous rice flour. The results showed that the addition of xylitol increased the gelatinization temperature, peak viscosity and final viscosity of the xylitol-glutinous rice flour, while reduced the degree of short-range order of xylitol-glutinous rice flour. The xylitol-glutinous rice flour system behaved as a pseudoplastic fluid with shear thinning behavior. Compared with the control group, when the addition of xylitol was 10%, the xylitol-glutinous rice flour blend system had the smallest retrogradation value and gel hardness, which were 405 cP and 14.952 g, respectively. At this time, the content of resistant starch in the system was 29.88%, showing good retrogradation resistance. However, high content of xylitol (15%~25%) promoted the short-term regeneration of the xylitol-glutinous rice flour blend system, increasing its regeneration value and elasticity. Furthermore, the addition of xylitol significantly reduced the water loss rate and juice permeability of rice dumpling made of xylitol glutinous rice flour. Rice dumpling made of glutinous rice flour with 10% xylitol had high hardness, elasticity, resilience and chewability, and its eating quality was the best. This study provides a theoretical and technical references for the improvement of the quality of glutinous rice flour through xylitol and the product development of glutinous rice flour.

ObjectiveTo examine the prevalence of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) vaccination and its associates among elderly people aged ≥ 65 years in Changshu city for developing immunization strategies on pneumonia prevention in the elderly. MethodsWith multi-stage random sampling, a face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted among 2 402 elderly residents (65 to 84 years) recruited at 4 communities/towns of Changshu city during October 2021 – November 2022. The information on the participants’ PPV23 vaccination was obtained from the Jiangsu Province Comprehensive Vaccination Service Management Information System. Binary logistic regression model was used to analyze main influencing factors for PPV23 vaccination of the participants. ResultsAmong the 2 310 participants (96.17% of the elderly interviewed) with valid responses, 933 (40.39%) had PPV23 vaccination and 1 089 (47.14%) reported the willingness to have PPV23 vaccination. Logistic regression analysis showed that the elderly living far from urban central area, aged 70 – 79 years, not suffering from diabetes, and not utilizing air purifier at home or ventilation system in working place were more likely to receive PPV23 vaccination (P < 0.05 for all); while, the elderly with an average monthly income of 3 000 – 4 999 Chinese yuan, reporting poor general health, without the awareness of pneumonia vaccine, not intending or being unsure about to receive pneumonia vaccine, and washing hands more than 8 times per day with hand sanitizer or soap were less likely to have PPV23 vaccination (P < 0.05 for all). ConclusionThe PPV23 vaccination could be promoted among elderly people aged 65 years and above in Changshu city. The government and relevant health departments should take multiple measures from a practical perspective to implement free pneumonia vaccination for the elderly population.

Due to high-intensity mining and complex geological conditions, frequent occurrence of rock burst disasters in deep coal mines in China is posing serious threats to mine safety and efficiency. The insufficient locating accuracy of the seismic monitoring system in burst-prone coal mines is still presented, which leads to difficulties in accurately identifying and controlling coal burst hazards. To precisely characterize spatial evolution of seismic activities and reduce the impact of location error on the seismic pre-warning, this paper used the current seismic networks in burst-prone coal mines to conduct forward modeling experiments to explore the distribution characteristics of source location error vectors in the mining field. A new method for characterizing seismic fracture connectivity that considers location accuracy impacts was proposed and applied for coal burst pre-warning in a longwall face. The results show that significant vectorial differences of seismic source location accuracy at different area of the mining field is a key factor in false identifying coal burst risks. The proposed Fracture-connectivity-probability Index (\begin{document}$ F{_{{\mathrm{sum}}}} $\end{document}) characterizes the rupture scale by using the near-field radius that relates to the seismic energy level, which considers the locating error impacts on fracture connectivity between seismic sources at different distances. \begin{document}$ F{_{{\mathrm{sum}}}} $\end{document} can restore the distribution law of the fracture extension and connectivity probabilities of the coal-rock mass in the greatest extent, and it also corresponds well to the coal burst risks. \begin{document}$ F{_{{\mathrm{sum}}}} $\end{document} can balance forecast accuracy and recall rate and have better correlation with coal burst, which can be an ideal indicator for periodical coal burst risk assessment. The outcome of this research can provide references for evaluating the monitoring capability of seismic networks and improving the ability and efficiency of coal burst pre-warning and prevention.

Objective To explore the effects and mechanism of resistin-like molecules α(also known as FIZZ1) on the ability of mouse aortic endothelial cells to form new blood vessels. Methods Mouse was stimulated by FIZZ1 at 10 nmol/L,20 nmol/L and 40 nmol/L.The role of FIZZ1 in endothelial cell migration and blood vessel formation was verified by using endothelial cell tube formation experiments and endothelial cell migration experiments in vitro;The effect of FIZZ1on signaling in mouse aortic endothelial cells was detected by high-throughput sequencing,and pathways with significant differential expression signaling were selected. Results Under different concentrations of FIZZ1,the area of blood vessel formation in mouse aortic endothelial cells gradually increased,and 40 nmol/L FIZZ1/ RELMα had the strongest effect in promoting angiogenesis.With the increasing concentration of FIZZ1,the number of endothelial cells migrated increased,and the migration capacity gradually increased.A total of 1 253 genes were found to be differentially expressed,including 427 up-regulated genes and 826 down-regulated genes.The mechanism may be related to the significant expression difference of COL1A1,FLT 4 and ITGA 3. Conclusion FIZZ1 can induce neovascularization of mouse aortic endothelial cells in vitro,and its mechanism may be related to significant differences in gene expression such as COL1A1,FLT4,and ITGA3.

Objective The Holocene climate of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is mainly controlled by midlatitude westerlies, the East Asian monsoon, and the Indian monsoon. Previous studies have identified different patterns of Holocene climate change in different regions of the TP. Holocene climate reconstructions for the entire TP help us comprehensively understand the internal linkages of different factors influencing the climate change in the TP. Methods In this paper, we study the Holocene climate in the eastern TP based on 14C dating, lithology and various proxies from the glaciolacustrine strata in the Maoyaba Basin in Litang County, western Sichuan Plateau. Results The Early-Middle Holocene glaciolacustrine sediments covered the last glacial moraines, and then the alluvial-proluvial fans were common during the Late Holocene in the Maoyaba Basin. The grain size of all samples mainly shows a bimodal size distribution after sieving out >2 mm particles. The content of the grain size below medium silt (< 32 μm) is more than 80%, which may be produced by glacial abrasion. The magnetic susceptibility increases obviously in the paleosol, and the appearance of < 1 μm particle size components may indicate that the strong magnetic minerals were generated by pedogenesis. However, the magnetic susceptibility decreased significantly in the glaciolacustrine sediments, which may be related to the dissolution of magnetic minerals in the reducing environment. Conclusion Comprehensive analysis of the sedimentary environment, grain size, magnetic susceptibility, total organic carbon (TOC) and color parameters indicates that the Maoyaba Basin was temperate and dry in the Early Holocene, warm and wet in the Middle Holocene, and temperate and dry in the Late Holocene. This pattern is consistent with the general trend of the Holocene climate in the eastern TP. The paleosol dated to~2 700 cal.yr. B.P. in the Maoyaba Basin indicates a relatively wet period against the background of cooling and a dry climate in the Late Holocene.

Analysis of water balance in the middle reaches of the Yellow River is important for the effective water resources management, ecological protection, and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin. The Qinhe River Basin, located at the end of the middle reaches of the Yellow River, has serious water problems, such as, river interruption and insufficient inflow into the Yellow River, due to the implementation of the upstream water diversion policy and the increase in domestic and industrial water use. To address the water problems, the water resource demand, water supply capacity, and supply-demand balance of the basin were analyzed based on the ecological water demand. The results show that (1) the spatial distribution of water supply and water demand in the Qinhe River basin is heterogeneous. All the upstream river reaches in the Shanxi Province are able to guarantee the ecological water demand in the river channel, while in the downstream Henan Province, only the minimum water demand can be met; (2) the total suppliable water resources in the Qinhe River basin is 10.04×108 m3, and the sum of industrial, domestic, and ecological water use outside the river channel is 8.89×108 m3. The remaining water in the river channel is only 1.15×108 m3, which can only meet the minimum ecological water demand; (3) the amount of surface water used by industrial production and life in the basin will be 6.98×108 m3 in 2030, and the total amount of water use will be 9.81×108 m3, resulting in that the remaining water cannot support the minimum ecological water demand. We pose five suggestions for the water problem in the Qinhe River Basin: Reducing the industrial water consumption, improving the water utilization rate of agricultural irrigation, promoting water conservation technologies with high effectiveness, and improving the ecological environment. This study can provide basic information for the effective water resources management in the Qinhe River basin.

The eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is composed of multiple secondary tectonic units which constitute typical “multi-level extrusion-rotation active tectonic system”. It is the tectonic transformation belt that regulates the eastward extrusion of plateau blocks, and contains high-density active faults. This area is characterized by frequent and high intensity strong earthquakes and complex geological and geomorphological features. Therefore, this region is one of the areas in China where the problem of earthquake disaster is particularly significant. In recent years, with the research deepening of the national earthquake disaster risk survey, active fault detection of urban，seismic experimental site construction, seismic safety evaluation of engineering sites, identification of active faults and evaluation of crustal stability in major projects sites and urban areas，and the wide application of high-precision remote sensing, tectonic geomorphology, paleoseismic and Quaternary chronology methods. The investigation of seismogenic structures around the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and its adjacent areas has been significantly improved. In order to timely exchange the latest study results in this field support regional earthquake prevention and disaster reduction and geological safety evaluation of important projects sites and infrastructure construction, the journal editorial department of Progress in Earthquake Science organized the special topic “The strong earthquakes and seismogenic structures in eastern margin of Tibetan Plateau and adjacent areas”. More than 20 representative academic papers such as active faults and earthquakes, Jishishan earthquake in Gansu Province，and research reviews in related fields have been collected. In this issue, 10 papers are selected in the special topic I “The strong earthquakes and seismogenic structures in eastern margin of Tibetan Plateau and adjacent areas”. It is hoped that these newly study results may improve the understanding of characteristics of strong earthquake activity and seismogenic structural mechanism in the region, and provide scientific basis for regional strong earthquake risk analysis and effective prevention of strong earthquake disaster risk.

The Yunnan-Tibet railway is located in the southeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, where tectonic plates collide and the terrain rapidly changes. Along the line, active faults develops, earthquakes occur frequently, and the intensity of earthquakes is strong, moreover, geological disasters are frequent. Hence its planning, construction, and long-term operation face severe geological safety risks. More than 10 active fault zones have been developed along the Shangri La-Bomi section of the Yunnan-Tibet railway, including the Haba-Yulong Snow Mountain east foot fault zone, Zhongdian-Longpan fault zone, Deqin-Zhongdian-Daju fault zone, Weixi-Qiaohou fault zone, Jinsha river fault zone, Batang fault zone, Lancang river fault zone, Nujiang fault zone, Bianba-Luolong fault zone, and Jiali-Chayu fault zone. These active fault zones are highly affected by fault slip dislocations, creep deformation, and the risk of triggering strong earthquakes. There is an urgent need to determine the geometric distribution and activity of regional active fault zones. Based on previous research, remote sensing interpretation, and field investigations, this article summarizes and analyzes the geometric distribution, kinematic properties, slip rate and paleoearthquake sequence of more than 10 active fault zones along the route, providing basic information for the planning, construction and safe operation of major national projects such as the Yunnan-Tibet railway.

ObjectiveTo analyze the HIV infection characteristics and influencing factors among the spouses of HIV/AIDS patients in Shanghai.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect demographic， behavioral， epidemiological and spousal HIV detection information of newly reported and married patients with HIV/AIDS in Shanghai from January 2018 to July 2022 in the comprehensive HIV prevention and control information system of Chinese Center for Disease Prevention and Control. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the HIV positivity rate of the spouses of HIV patients and the influencing factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.ResultsA total of 1 233 subjects were investigated， and the first HIV-testing positivity rate of the spouses of HIV/AIDS patients was 29.3% （361/1 233）. There were statistically significant differences in the HIV-testing positivity rate among spouses of HIV/AIDS patients by different age， gender， education level， occupation， transmission route， quantity of non-marital sexual activities， quantity of homo-sexual activities， and baseline CD4 cell count level （P

Aiming at the problems of rolling torque and yaw torque of zigzag UAV, a multi-objective optimization method based on hybrid airfoil parameterization was proposed. The optimization model was established by combining the non dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-Ⅱ) with hybrid airfoil parameterization, SCDM flow field modeling, fluent meshing and fluent solution flow field calculation. Then an automatic optimization process based on Isight platform was developed to realize the aerodynamic optimization design of zigzag UAV. The results show that the optimization platform based on hybrid airfoil parameterization increases the search space of airfoil optimization, achieves the optimization of multi-objective predetermined values, reduces the roll torque and yaw torque of Z-shaped UAV to the greatest extent, and improves its overall aerodynamic performance. The proposed method can eliminate the moment of UAV with limited wingspan, which provides a technical reference for solving the roll and yaw problems of asymmetric UAV.

ObjectivesA crankshaft is a key component of marine diesel engines. In order to monitor crankshaft stress and ensure the safe and reliable operation of ships, a crankshaft stress monitoring method based on digital twin technology is proposed.MethodsBased on the digital twin concept, a framework for the intelligent operation and maintenance of marine diesel engines is put forward. Taking a certain type of in-line 6-cylinder marine medium-speed diesel engine as the research object, a digital crankshaft health condition assessment system is developed on the basis of available data from real engines. First, based on an RBF neural network, the cylinder head vibration acceleration signal is used to identify in-cylinder pressure, then the load of the crank pin is calculated. Based on the finite element method, the key positions which affect the lifecycle of the crankshaft are obtained after analyzing its stress and fatigue. A BP neural network is used to evaluate the stress of the crankshaft after a reduced-order model of forces and stresses is used to determine real-time performance. A BP neural network is then used to evaluate the stress of the crankshaft.ResultsThe prediction errors of the cylinder pressure and crankshaft stress of the proposed model are both less than 5%, and the stress prediction time is shortened to the second level, realizing the real-time/quasi-real-time update of the twin model.ConclusionsThe results of this study show that it can be used as a new reference for the real-time monitoring and intelligent operation and maintenance of diesel engine components.

[Introduction] The increasingly high proportion of renewable power sources raises higher requirements for the safe and stable operation of the power system and the reliable supply of electricity. Hydrogen and electricity are complementary in many scenarios of energy consumption. Green hydrogen produced by renewable power will become an important component of the new energy system, which can also facilitate the construction of the new power system. Recently, green hydrogen demonstration projects in China and abroad are burgeoning. However, the typical modes and future development trends are not clear. This paper aims at clarifying the typical modes for green hydrogen projects and providing solutions to issues faced by the large-scale application and the full play of power-hydrogen coupling. [Method] In this paper, the existing green hydrogen demonstration projects in China and abroad were systematically analyzed. The characteristics of the three groups were studied, based on which, the development trends of green hydrogen demonstration projects were proposed. Then, the key problems and challenges were analyzed, and key measures were proposed. [Result] Through the study, the green hydrogen projects are grouped into three categories, which are power-hydrogen coupling projects on the distribution/micro-grid side, large-scale hydrogen production near renewable basis and utilization projects and hydrogen-based flexible adjustment projects. Key issues lying ahead include the lack of coordinated planning between the power and hydrogen system, the less economic competitiveness of green hydrogen and some of the key technologies, equipment and materials are dependent on imports. [Conclusion] To solve these issues and promote the development of green hydrogen projects, the coordinated planning of power and hydrogen system should be strengthened, formulated a set of supporting policies, improved the relevant market mechanisms, accelerated the standards and deployed some essential projects.

To address the situation wherein an enemy submarine maneuvers in an unknown course when an anti-submarine surface ship is called, a genetic algorithm-based submarine search method is proposed. The method combines the ship sonar detection model, enemy submarine target motion model, ship search motion model, and search path discovery probability calculation model. It introduces information confidence into the discovery probability calculation model, which enhances its reliability. Subsequently, a genetic algorithm is used to solve the optimal heading angle and speed of each section of a single ship and double ships in the on-call search process, and the optimal paths of single and double ships on call spiral search are determined. Finally, the variation law of the discovery probability of searching the target is formulated under the conditions of changing only the heading angle and changing both the angle and speed of single and double ships. The results indicate that, compared to the traditional spiral algorithm, the ship search mechanism with increasing change speed is more flexible and can improve the discovery probability. When the search force is sufficient, using a multiship formation search can significantly improve the discovery probability. The results provide a tactical reference for surface ship searches and submarine attacks.

To solve the consensus problem of multi-agent systems in the environment of cyber attacks and information eavesdropping, an average consensus algorithm that can effectively resist network denial of service (DoS) attacks and protect nodes’ state privacy was proposed.Firstly, combined with the characteristics of DoS attacks in networked control systems, a periodic DoS attack model related to time was constructed.Then a distributed network node information processing mechanism based on differential privacy was proposed by using the information interaction between neighbor nodes, and then it was introduced into the average consensus algorithm.Furthermore, combined with the event-triggered mechanism, a consensus algorithm method suitable for undirected communication networks under DoS attacks was proposed, and its convergence and privacy protection performance were analyzed strictly mathematically.Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm was verified by a numerical simulation experiment and hardware experiment.

【Objective】The new urbanization strategies provide new opportunities for farmers to increase their income, and adjusting its action path according to the specific impact of the new urbanization can promote the growth of farmers' income more effectively.【Method】Based on the urban panel data of the Pearl River Delta region from 2010 to 2021, the kernel density estimation was used to analyze the dynamic evolution trend of farmers' income, and the fixed-effect model was used to empirically analyze the impact effect of the new urbanization level on farmers' income.【Result】The results show that during the research period, the farmers' income level in the Pearl River Delta region has increased significantly, the sources of farmers' income are diversified, income from wages and salaries is still the main component, income from property such as housing rental has been an important source, the absolute gap between farmers' income levels between cities is expanding, and the income levels between the urban areas spread to the high value area and the spatial agglomeration characteristic is obvious, and the economic urbanization has the strongest effect on farmers' income. However, at present, the new urbanization development in the Pearl River Delta region still has some problems, such as low quality of urbanization, mismatch between supply and demand, large income gap between urban and rural areas, and shortage of land resources.【Conclusion】It is suggested that when pushing the people-centered urbanization strategy in the Pearl River Delta cities. it should focus on improving the quality of urbanization of agricultural migrants and promoting the integration of agricultural migrants into cities; insist on optimizing the local industrial structure, vigorously developing non-agricultural industries such as modern service industry, and creating more jobs to maximize the farmers' income effect of urbanization.

Reservoir strata with carbonate rocks of Feixianguan Formation are the main output horizons of natural gas in Puguang Gas Field, Northeast Sichuan. As to the division of four members of Feixianguan Formation, the controversy regarding whether the T1f1 member and T1f2 member should be classified in the same third-order sequence appears. Based on the core observation of the existing drilling in Puguang area, the karst breccia section is found atthe middle of the T1f1-T1f2 section, and there is a certain lithologic interface above and below it. The bottom of T1f1 is fine-grained dolomite. From the top of T1f1 to T1f2, oolites and mould casting holes begin to develop.The carbon and oxygen isotope study in Well PG104-1 shows that the fluid environment is atmospheric freshwater fluid, which proves the development of quasi-syngenetic karst, while the oxygen isotope value is more than -5‰, indicating that the relevant fluid is atmospheric freshwater fluid, which proves that the bottom of the karst breccia section experiences a certain period of exposure and that a sedimentary discontinuity appears.Considering the differences in carbon and oxygen isotopes between the upper and lower interface, the emergence and disappearance of die casting holes and the changes in logging curves, it is considered that the boundary between T1f1 and T1f2 can be distinguished and characterized by karst breccia sections. This study provides an important basis for the study of the storage and migration of oil and gas in Feixianguan Formation.

BACKGROUND Human health risks and potential environmental geological hazards caused by contaminated sites have been paid much attention. Monitored natural attenuation (MNA) is recognized as a preferred remediation technique. However, for sites with non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs), the problem of "tailing rebound" caused by the residue of NAPLs in the source area poses a challenge to the MNA technology. In recent years, the emergence of natural source zone depletion (NSZD) enriches the connotation of MNA remediation, and it is a potential way to solve the problem of "Tailing & Rebound". OBJECTIVES To summarize the research process and latest achievements of NSZD for light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) contaminated sites. METHODS A comprehensive review was conducted on the literature on NSZD for LNAPL contaminated sites from the end of the 1990's. The conceptual models of vertical zoning natural elimination in LNAPL source areas have been reviewed. The key control factors on NSZD and main scientific and technological challenges for future research have been fully discussed. RESULTS The research shows that: (1) since 2000, the research on MNA remediation has gradually shifted from groundwater pollution plume attenuation to natural depletion of vadose zone source areas; (2) The natural elimination process of aeration zones has proved to be the key biological process of NSZD, accounting for 90%-99% of the total mass loss of LNAPLs; (3) biodegradation in the volatilization process of LNAPL is the major research field of NSZD. The following research methods of NSZD are established: (1) the NSZD method can be divided into three parts: LNAPL source area plume identification, qualitative judgment and quantitative estimation; (2) The Concentration Gradient Method, CO2 Fluxes Method (including Dynamic Closed Chambers and CO2 Traps) and Thermal Gradient Method are three major methods for quantitative estimation. CONCLUSIONS Based on the existing research progress and challenges, the key scientific problems to be solved in the application and promotion of NSZD include identifying the composition change of LNAPLs in the source area, clarifying the speed limiting factor for natural elimination in the source area, and developing appropriate monitoring methods for degassing and bubble escape.

Tight sandstone reservoirs of the Lower Shihezi Formation in the Ordos Basin are characterized by poor physical properties, abnormal formation pressure, and the development of high-strength interlayers, etc. Thus, the selection of mechanical parameters and the fracturing characteristics of the reservoirs are significant for the effective development of oil and gas fields. For the tight sandstone samples from the Lower Shihezi Formation in the Hangjinqi area of the Ordos Basin, we carried out parallel experiments to test tensile strength, and to make triaxial mechanical experiments with high temperature and high pressure of in-situ conditions. Based on granularity classification, the mechanical strength properties and fracturing characteristics of tight sandstones were discussed. The tight sandstones in the Lower Shihezi Formation can be classified as medium- to fine-grained lithic sandstones, coarse-grained lithic sandstones, and giant- to coarse-grained lithic sandstones. The coarser the particle size, the better the physical properties, and the higher the quartz content, the lower the clay content. As particle size increases from fine to coarse, the mechanical strength and elastic parameters gradually decrease, and the ability of rock to resist deformation and maintain structural integrity decreases. The fracturing of the samples show the characteristics of brittleness to matrix mixing. Under the same stress and construction conditions, different rock types will result in various reservoir fracturing difficulty and stimulation effects. Different engineering mechanic parameters should be selected according to actual formation conditions.

The carbon fiber (T300-6K) with a three-dimensional four-way braiding structure was selected as the reinforcement, and the 3D-Cf/6061Al composites at different braiding angles (10°, 20° and 30°) were prepared by the pressure infiltration method, and the effects of different braiding angles on the mechanical properties of the composites were discussed. It is found that the pressure infiltration avoids the weak bonding force between the carbon fiber and the aluminum matrix to a certain extent, so that a better infiltration effect can be obtained. The bending performance of the composites become worse with the increase of braiding angle. With the increase of braiding angle, the strain force of the composites also increases, and the greater the elongation is, the better the toughness is. When the braiding angle was larger, the transverse component force of the fiber was larger, the unevenness of the fiber fracture surface increases, the pulling phenomenon was obvious.

To systematically evaluate the problems of insufficient load capacity，mass over limit， low stability caused by the application of traditional gear transmission in aero-engine high-power extraction transmission system， the central transmission of aero-engine based on face gear transmission is designed， the LTCA is performed， and the contact area ratio and stress are calculated. It is concluded that the central transmission based on face gear transmission has the advantages of high load capacity， light weight and good running stability， face gear transmission can provide a new transmission design route for the existing aero-engine transmission system.

Inonotus obliquus is anatural plant fungal resource with a variety of biological activities. Triterpenoids are the main functional components. Because triterpenoids have excellent anticancer, hypoglycemic and antioxidant properties, the related research and development has attracted much attention in recent years. In this paper, the current research status of Inonotus obliquus triterpenoid compounds are summarized and analyzed from the aspects of induction fermentation production, separation and purification of sporophore triterpenoid compounds, chemical composition and structure analysis, functional characteristics and application development, among which the use of plant commensal microbial extracts as inducers in induction fermentation production is the most significant. The separation and purification techniques have respective advantages according to different purposes. The separation and purification technologies with high separation efficiency such as high-performance counter-current chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography are more suitable for chemical composition and structure analysis, and macroporous resin has more advantages in large-scale application. Based on the above analysis, the future research direction is prospected, which provides a theoretical basis for subsequent development and research and application in that medicine and food industry.

Background Depression is a common mood disorder that seriously affects the recovery of various functions in patients after stroke. Antidepressant drug therapy alone could not achieve satisfactory treatment responses. Objective To investigate the effects of rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) on sleep and mood in patients with post-stroke depression. Methods Seventy-one patients with post-stroke depression were selected from Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2019 to June 2020, and according to random number table, they were divided into the control group (n=35) or combined treatment group (n=36) . The control group received four consecutive weeks of treatment with oral sertraline hydrochloride tablets (25 mg per day within the first week, and 50 mg per day within other three weeks) . The combined treatment group received four consecutive weeks of treatment with REBT (three times per week, the treatment duration for each time lasting for 30 minutes) plus the same treatment for the control group. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) , Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) , 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) , Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) , and Modified Barthel Index (MBI) were used to assess pre- and post-treatment sleep quality, insomnia severity, depression prevalence, anxiety prevalence and ability to engage in basic activities of daily living, respectively. Results The mean scores of PSQI, ISI, HAMD-17, and HAMA showed a significant decrease and the mean score of MBI demonstrated a significant increase in both groups after treatment (P0.05) . The combined treatment group had lower mean post-treatment scores of ISI and HAMD-17 and higher mean post-treatment score of MBI than the control group (P

Matter and energy between the land and atmosphere are transported with turbulent movement.Eddy covariance technology is an important way to evaluate atmospheric resources.It plays an important role in turbulence characteristics and accurate flux observation research.In this study， we analyzed the characteristics and similarity of turbulence spectra under different atmosphere conditions in the growing and non-growing seasons using closed-path eddy covariance system of Caigongtang flux station for the underlying surface of the typical grassland in the lower reaches of the Lhasa River in the eastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau from August to November， 2020.The results showed： （1） During the growing season from August to September， the average daily net ecosystem CO2 exchange （NEE） was -2.3 gC·m-2·d-1， and the average daily ET was 1.8 mm·day-1， During the non-growing season from October to November， the average daily NEE was 1.1 gC·m-2·d-1， and the average daily ET was 0.3 mm·day-1； （2） The normalized spectra of three-dimensional （u， v and w） direction of turbulent wind speed and temperature had obvious sub-regions of inertia， the slope of the spectra density curve conformed to the -2/3 law， and the normalized co-spectra of the vertical direction （w） turbulent wind speed and temperature， CO2 and H2O gas concentrations is higher than -4/3 law； （3） The daily variation of atmosphere stability during the growing and non-growing seasons was similar， mainly decreasing with the increase of momentum flux， but the normalized standard deviation （σ/u*） fitting results of wind speed in each direction were different.During the growing season， σu /u*，σv /u*，and σw /u* were 2.84， 2.73， and 1.07， respectively.During the non-growing season， the three increased to 3.23， 3.19， and 1.22， respectively.The increase in normalized standard deviation of horizontal wind speed was obvious during the non-growing season， so the parameterization scheme of the similarity law of turbulent wind speed during the growing and non-growing seasons should be considered separately.The closed-path eddy covariance system can better realize the flux observation in this study area， and this conclusion can provide the basis for the land surface parameterization scheme that considers the similarity of the turbulent wind speed during the growing and non-growing seasons， which helps to observe the atmospheric resources more accurately.

Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are porous crystalline materials formed by self-assembly of metal centers and organic ligands through coordination. MOFs have the characteristics of strong stability, large specific surface area, high porosity, and reusability. As a new type of immobilized carrier material, it has a wide range of application prospects. In this article, the synthesis method of biological enzyme immobilized on MOFs carrier is mainly summarized and analyzed, the characteristics and application of MOFs-biological enzyme composite material, and the future research direction of the synthetic method of enzyme immobilized on MOFs carrier are prospected. A theoretical basis would be provided for the development research and applications in the biological and pharmaceutical industries.

The Batang fault on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has strong activity since the Holocene, where the geomorphology and geological structure is complex, and the historical earthquakes occurred frequently, which induced abundant landslides. For the long-term prevention of regional earthquake landslides in the Batang fault zone, based on analyzing the geological background and development characteristics of regional landslides, the Newmark model was used to complete the seismic landslide hazard assessment with exceeding probability 10% of 50 years in the Batang fault zone. The results show that the Batang fault zone and its adjacent Jinshajiang fault zone, the Jinsha River and its tributaries coast have the high seismic landslide hazard. The potential seismic landslide hazard zone has a general distribution trend of along the fault zone and the river canyons, which is significantly affected by the active faults and topography. The closer the slope to the fault is and the greater the slope angle is, the higher the seismic landslide hazard is. The Sichuan-Tibet Railway line under planning and construction extends from the Deda Town and Shama Town to the northwest and crosses the Jinsha River, and can traverse fewer zones with potential seismic landslide hazard. The planning and construction of Jinsha River hydropower project needs to strengthen the assessment and prevention of potential seismic landslide hazard. The potential seismic landslide hazard assessment results in the Batang fault zone can provide a scientific reference for the long-term prevention and control of earthquake landslides in the regional urban development and major engineering planning and construction.

The Woda landslide in the upper reaches of the Jinshajiang River, has been deformed since 1985, whose surface deformation characteristics are obvious now. There is a potential risk that the landslide will slide further and block the Jinshajiang River. Based on the remote sensing interpretation, field investigation, engineering geological drilling and comprehensive monitoring, the spatial structure and deformation characteristics of the landslide are analyzed, the potential reactivation instability pattern of the landslide is clarified, and the risk of landslide blocking river is discussed by empirical formula calculation. The results show that the Woda landslide is a huge landslide with a volume of about 28.81×106 m3. It is speculated that the landslide had undergone massive sliding before the late Pleistocene. The whole landslide is currently creeping, and the local part of the landslide is in the accelerated deformation stage. The deformation range of reactivation zone is mainly concentrated in the middle and front parts, and the failure characteristics are progressive backward. The deformation on the right side of the reactivation zone is stronger than that on the left side. There are two sliding zones developing in the landslide, namely the shallow zone and deep sliding zone, whose average depth is about 15 m and 25.5 m, respectively. Accordingly, the landslide can be reactivated with two potential failure modes: the shallow slip and deep slip with progressive failure mode. When the sliding mass in the strong deformation area of the Woda landslide slides along the shallow sliding zone, the height of the landslide dam formed is about 87.2 m. If the whole sliding mass slides along the deep sliding zone, the height of the landslide dam formed is about 129.2 m. The Woda landslide has the risk of landslide-damming-outburst-flood chain disaster. It is suggested to further strengthen landslide monitoring and carry out drainage, reinforcement and other prevention works. This study can offer certain reference for preventing and controlling large geological disaster chain in the upper reaches of the Jinshajiang River.

The application markets for portable electronics, battery-operated electric vehicles, and large-scale energy-storage grids have been expanding rapidly for the past ten years, which has attracted massive attention to the investigation and development of batteries with high energy density, long cycle life, high safety, and low cost. A commonly used lithium-ion battery consists of intercalation-type materials, such as LiCoO2 as cathode and graphite as an anode. Owing to technical difficulties, including high cost, low stability, and the poor safety of Li, the large-scale application of the high-energy Li anode is still premature. A more common strategy than the one mentioned above for improving the energy density of Li-ion batteries is to develop a cathode material with high specific capacity and low cost, such as LiNi1–x–yCoxMnyO2 (NCM) and LiNi1–x–yCoxAlyO2 (NCA). Among the NCMs and NCAs, Co is more expensive and less abundant than Ni, Mn, and Al. Presently, high-nickel, low-cobalt NCMs, and NCAs have attracted huge attention as suitable cathodes for both academic and industrial purposes. LNiO2 can be regarded as the Ni content increasing to 100% for NMCs and NCAs, which stood as the “holy grail” of layered cathodes. This study aims to investigate the structural and electrochemical stability of LiNiO2 and B-doped LiNiO2. In this study, Ni(OH)2 was synthesized by a coprecipitation method using a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). LiNiO2 and B-doped LiNiO2 were synthesized by high-temperature solid-state sintering. The crystal structure, surface morphology, and electrochemical performance were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Rietveld refinement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), constant current charge–discharge, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). XRD and Rietveld refinement results indicate that B-doping could slightly increase the lattice parameters and unit cell volume due to the occupancy of B in the tetrahedral site. Meanwhile, the LiO6 slab distance increases, consequently favoring the transportation of Li+ during (de)-intercalation. SEM images suggest that LiNiO2 and B-doped LiNiO2 consist of primary grains with a similar size, and the secondary particle in both samples has an average size of 10 µm. Long-term cycling data show that B-doping could improve capacity retention. The capacity retention at 40 mA·g−1 is 77.5% for the B-doped sample, whereas a value of 66.6% is obtained for LiNiO2. The dQ/dV vs V curves and EIS results suggest the suppression of impedance growth by B-doping.

Due to the lack of communication mechanism between inter-blockchain services, it is difficult to formulate effective interconnection between different blockchain.Under the smart services ecosystem, two parties of the transaction not only execute the single transaction of data assets, but also extend the scope of their services to cover a wider range of digital assets transfer scenarios.An inter-blockchain communication(IBC) framework for smart service transaction is designed.With component-based and modular design, it makes flexible for the subject and object application of smart service transaction to access IBC framework and thus promote inter-blockchain scalability.Finally, a three-phrase inter-blockchain communication protocol for smart service transaction is proposed to ensure the atomicity and consistency of inter-blockchain ecosystem.

With the advance of ecological civilization construction,the domestic demand for green environmental protection is also higher and higher.As an important chemical intermediate,the traditional preparation method of pyrouric acid has some problems such as environmental pollution,so it is urgent to study and popularize the new preparation method.The process and characteristics of solid phase and liquid phase methods for the preparation of pyrouric acid were systematically reviewed.The problems of traditional preparation methods such as bad operating environment,high energy consumption and not up to the standard of environmental protection were elucidated.The development prospect of preparation methods of pyrouric acid was also prospected.It is pointed out that further research on the preparation of pyrouric acid can be carried out in the following aspects.1)It is necessary to carry out research on rotary kiln and fluidized bed equipment,gradually [JP2]replace tunnel kiln,[JP]realize the upgrading of technical equipment,and overcome the shortcomings of traditional solid phase method;2)In order to lay a foundation for industrial production,the selection and recovery of solvent system in liquid phase method should be deeply explored,and the research of liquid phase method in small scale and scale up in pilot scale should be strengthened;3)The raw material source,product yield and production cost of the new preparation method should be systematically and deeply studied in order to realize large-scale production.

The difference of vapor cloud density and the variation of atmospheric turbulence caused by ambient temperature are the main factors influencing the leakage and diffusion of LNG. Hence, it is very necessary to study the influence of the variation of ambient temperature on the diffusion rules of LNG. With the component transport model and the Realizable k-ε turbulence model in Fluent software, a numerical model of vapor diffusion caused by the surface leakage of LNG was established to explore the influence of ambient temperature on the volume fraction distribution of methane, vapor cloud density and atmospheric turbulence intensity in the process of LNG leakage and diffusion. The results show that under the low ambient temperature, the volume fraction lines of methane in the LNG vapor cloud is in the shape of"sawtooth", resulting in the increase of the horizontal diffusion range of the Low Flammability Limit (LFL) and 1/2 LFL of the methane, while under the high ambient temperature, the maximum range of diffusion of methane at LFL is 115 m farther than that under the low ambient temperature which leads to the increase of the diffusion range of methane at 1/2 LFL in the horizontal downwind direction. In addition, the increment of the turbulence intensity increases with the rise of the temperature in the area where the volume fraction of methane is greater than 1/2 LFL, while it decreases with the rise of temperature in the area where the volume fraction is less than 1/2 LFL. In the range of 100-200 m around the source of leakage, the increment of the turbulence intensity resulted by "temperature inversion" can be up to 0.79 times. The research results could provide references for prediction on leakage region, safety storage and transportation and emergency rescue of LNG.

A positioning algorithm of mine-used monorail crane locomotive based on strapdown inertial navigation is proposed for the problems of low positioning accuracy and high positioning cost of common positioning methods for underground monorail crane locomotives in coal mines. Nine-axis inertial measurement unit (IMU) is used to collect the acceleration data of the locomotive, and the acceleration data is pre-processed by limiting filtering and zero offset removal to calculate and output the attitude angle and acceleration values. The direction cosine matrix method is applied to filter out the gravity component contained in the acceleration data so as to eliminate the interference of this component to the data. The acceleration rate of change threshold method and zero speed correction method are used to correct the steady-state error so that the steady-state acceleration and speed are closer to the real value. The Lagrange interpolation polynomial distance measurement method is applied to measure the driving distance of the monorail crane locomotive, and the distance measurement result timing correction method is used to compensate the distance measurement error. Therefore, the positioning can be obtained according to the starting point and driving distance of the locomotive. The experimental results show that when the driving distance is 30.8 m, the ranging error is basically within 0.65 m, which can meet the requirements of high-precision and low-cost positioning.

Abstract The application of the concentric torque-split face gear transmission on the main gearbox of helicopter is analyzed. Based on the definition of equivalent displacement and equivalent stiffness, the mechanism of the uneven load sharing of the concentric torque-split face gear transmission is revealed. The load sharing calculation model of the concentric torque-split face gear transmission is established by an analytic method. With the help of numerical method, the influences of the factors of the system on the load sharing behaviors are preliminarily explored. The results show that the load sharing performance of the system is less sensitive to the backlash when the support stiffness of the input pinion is low.

Based on the teaching practice of modern cryptography curriculum reform in xidian university from 2015 to 2018,the practice and effect of MOOC,SPOC and flip classroom in modern cryptography were analyzed.The implementation and reform of the lab course were summarized based on the experiments with programming marathon and traditional lab course.The accomplishments and lessons of the curriculum reform were summarized and some suggestions of innovative modern cryptography education for undergraduate in the mode of “Internet +” were provided.

The principal directions and corresponding curvatures at grinding point on face gear tooth surface are derived according to meshing theory and differential geometry theory. Based on instantaneous elliptic contact theory and grinding heat theory, the theoretical formula of grinding temperature field of face gear is established. The finite element model of grinding temperature field of face gear is established based on ANASY, and the finite element simulation of grinding temperature field is completed. The experiment of grinding temperature field is designed and the correctness of finite element method is verified. Based on orthogonal experiment, the influence of grinding process parameters on tooth surface temperature distribution is studied.

In order to solve the data center link congestion problem,based on the characteristics of the flow distribution and flow types,a flow identification and scheduling scheme based on optical interconnect structure,named HCFD (host-controller flow detection),was proposed to identify the elephant flow which has a large impact on the network performance,and use the SDN controller to make forward strategy,and schedule the network traffic reasonably.The implementation of the scheme was to use the Netfilter framework in Linux kernel protocol on the host side to mark the flow that exceeds the threshold amount.Then,the classification model was used in the controller side to classify the marked flow.Finally,the appropriate forwarding strategy was developed based on the above results.With the advantage of the photoelectric network,mechanisms of flow depth fusion and switching could be realized.The scheme which integrates the advantage of the existing research results,was expected to identify elephant flow more accurately and comprehensively.It can effectively alleviate the network congestion,make full use of network bandwidth,reduce end-to-end delay and packet loss rate.

In order to achieve more accurate emotion recognition accuracy from multi-modal bio-signal features，a novel method to extract and fuse the signal with the stacked auto-encoder and LSTM recurrent neural networks was proposed.The stacked auto-encoder neural network was used to compress and fuse the features.The deep LSTM recurrent neural network was employed to classify the emotion states.The results present that the fused multi-modal features provide more useful information than single-modal features.The deep LSTM recurrent neural network achieves more accurate emotion classification results than other method.The highest accuracy rate is 0.792 6

In view of the shortcomings of the total variational Retinex model which use the total variation (TV) of the reflection as the regularization.An extension of TV regularization with the concept of relative gradient was introduced and finally a new variational Retinex model was proposed.Compared with variational Retinex and total variational Retinex model,the proposed model can preserve the estimated reflectance with more details as well as the more smoothed illumination.Further,a new integrated image enhancement model considering both the illumination and the reflectance was proposed.By adjusting the model parameters,the proposed model can be effectively applied to high dynamic range image tone mapping and non-uniform illumination enhancement.Compared with other algorithms,the proposed model can better handle the above image enhancement problems.

The decentralized cryptocurrency which was based on block chain has been thought the most successful one in history.In the system,public keys were used as the users’ accounts which guaranteed the anonymity in real transactions.However,all the transaction information was recorded in the block chain,it was a potential threat for users’ privacy which might leak the payment information.Moreover,to avoid double-spending,it was agreed that the transaction on the target block was valid only if another k blocks were generated after the target one.The long waiting time reduced the efficiency of the payment system.A model of payment system based on a proxy-cryptocurrency was proposed,and a solution based on blind signature techniques was proposed.The scheme introduced a proxy in the payment phase,by which transaction confirmation time could be reduced and the transaction efficiency could be improved.Meanwhile,the system implements better anonymity,namely as the privacy protection function.

With the development of wired broadband services,new requirements on the carrying ability of network was put forward by video-dominated services.The demand on bandwidth and network quality of wired broadband traffic grooming was analyzed,and a feasible network evolution solution were presented from the perspective of multicast technology application,BRAS and CDN deployment,backbone network architecture evolution and other point of view.

Objective To investigate the effect of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) on the choice of treatment strategy in acute hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods Among 286 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage, 186 patients underwent operation. According to GCS scores on admission, 186 cases included 94 cases of GCS 5-8, 71 cases of GCS 9-11 and 21 cases of GCS 12-14. These patients respectively underwent hematoma clearance and decompressive craniotomy (N = 63, 22.03%), hematoma clearance (N = 21, 7.34%), trepanation and drainage or external ventricular drainage (N = 102, 35.66%). The rest (N = 100) underwent conservative treatment, including 25 cases of GCS 5-8, 27 cases of GCS 9-11, 25 cases of GCS 12-14 and 23 cases of GCS 15. Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) was used to evaluate curative effect after 3-6 months follow-up. Results The proportion of GOS in GCS 5-8 group was 14 cases (11.76%) of Grade 1, 21 cases (17.65%) of Grade 2, 39 cases (32.77%) of Grade 3, 22 cases (18.49%) of Grade 4 and 17 cases (14.29%) of Grade 5, except 6 lost cases (5.04%). The proportion of GOS in GCS 9-11 group was 6 cases (6.12%) of Grade 1, 2 cases (2.04%) of Grade 2, 6 cases (6.12%) of Grade 3, 48 cases (48.98%) of Grade 4 and 34 cases (34.69%) of Grade 5, except 2 lost cases (2.04%). The proportion of GOS in GCS 12-14 group was 15 cases (32.61%) of Grade 4 and 31 cases (67.39%) of Grade 5. The proportion of GOS in GCS 15 group was one case (4.35%) of Grade 4 and 22 cases (95.65%) of Grade 5. Differences between groups had statistical significance ( χ 2 = 142.966, P = 0.000). Conclusions The prognosis of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage is positively related to GCS score on admission. The higher the GCS score is, the higher the GOS grade will be. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2017.03.011

The thermal deformation of the hydrostatic motorized spindle affects seriously machining precision,so it is necessary to analyze the effect factors of the thermal deformation of motorized spindle system. The process parameter and structural parameter are significant factors,such as the flow-rate of cooling water,the input pressure of bearing oil,the spindle speed and the bearing’s structural parameter. The results show that the maximum deformation of the motorized spindle system was in the place where the grinding wheel was installed. The variations of the flow-rate of cooling water and the input pressure of bearing oil affected the maximum deformation on the front surface of the spindle. When the flow-rate of cooling water or the input pressure of bearing oil was at a certain value,the thermal deformation was brought under effective control. If the flow-rate of cooling water or the input pressure of bearing oil increased more,the reduction of the thermal deformation was less. As the speed changed,the flow condition of the bearing oil was different. The maximum deformation of the spindle ’s front surface in the condition of turbulent flow was more than two times of that in laminar flow. The bearing’s length-to-diameter ratio and the length of bearing axial sealing edge were optimized,which minimized the maximum radical thermal deformation on the front surface of the spindle.