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According to the development status of various security services for mobile applications,the mainstream mobile application security detection and monitoring technology was studied.Based on the concept of full life cycle management in software industry,a variety of security concepts and security technologies were reasonably integrated into each stage of the whole life cycle of mobile applications.Based on this,a mobile application lifecycle management platform with comprehensive security functions and multi system cooperation was designed and constructed.

As a basic pathological feature at advanced stage of various kidney diseases, renal fibrosis (RF) is an important cause of kidney failure. It is characterized by an excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), damage of renal tissue structure and loss of renal function. Regulated cell death (RCD) is closely correlated with RF since it involves a signaling cascade involving effector molecules. This review summarized the mechanism of RCD involved in the progression of RF and provided references for clinical treatment of RF.

Due to the inaccuracy model on describing the virtual channel with Laplacian,the rate-distortion performance of distributed video coding is relatively low.The quantization noise will be taken into account for online modeling at the decoder.Further,the dependency among original frames was exploited for estimating the model parameter.Thus,a novel virtual channel model for pixel-domain Wyner-Ziv(PDWZ)coding was proposed.The experimental results show that the proposed model can character the statistics of virtual channel more accurately and the performance of PDWZ based on the proposed model outperforms the one based on Laplacian.

The test time of impulse tunnels is short, and the heat flux transducers can be easily interfered in the test time. Thus the aerothermal test data analysis of impulse tunnels is complex and usually carried out manually, which leads to low efficiency and nonuniform standards. In this paper, the signals of heat transducers used in the 1 m gun/shock dual-mode impulse tunnel at the China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics were investigated. A series of key parameters, e.g., the FFT voltage profile, the correlation profile of nozzle total pressure and transducer heat flux, as well as the time derivative of the heat flux profile, were determined. The characterization capabilities of these parameters with respect to significant features, e.g., the start/end time of the nozzle flow, the time boundary of different operation modes and the effectiveness of the transducer profiles, were certified. Moreover, a profile effectiveness estimation model, a test time interval selection algorithm and a transducer valid time selection algorithm were developed based on convolutional neural networks and density-based clustering algorithms. Thereby the aerothermal test data of impulse tunnels can be analyzed automatically with these data-driven methods. The results show that the accuracy of the profile effectiveness estimation model is as high as 98%. According to the comparison between algorithm and manual results in dealing with 3 568 profiles, about 91% of the results show a difference of less than 10%, which implies that the data-driven method has the value of application to wind tunnel tests.

In order to analyze the influence of transformer vibration on the winding oil - immersed insulation paper, the friction and wear tester UMT - 2 was used to test the such paper based on the damage phenomenon of transformer winding oil - immersed insulation paper under the influence of magnetic excitation fretting. Oil paper - oil paper friction was realized by wrapping oil - immersed insulation paper with the same thickness as the friction pair on the outer side of the upper sphere specimen. The influence of paper thickness and normal load on the wear of oil paper - oil paper friction process was determinated through an analysis of the friction coefficient collected during the test and the damage state of oil - immersed insulation paper. Results showed that under the same normal load and friction times, the number of damaged layers decreased and the friction coefficient increased with the increase of the thickness of oil - immersed insulation paper. For the oil - immersed insulation paper with the same thickness, the number of damaged layers increased and the friction coefficient decreased with the increase of friction times and normal load. The main wear mechanism of oil paper - oil paper friction was the combined action of adhesive wear, abrasive wear and delamination wear.

In 2020, China proposed to reach the peak of CO2 emissions before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, which is the so-called “carbon peak and carbon neutrality” strategy. Due to strategic requirements, the metallurgical industry has the responsibility of reducing its CO2 emission as it is one of the major CO2 emitters. Therefore, it is imperative to develop low-carbon metallurgical technology. High-temperature molten salt electrochemical metallurgy uses electrons as the energy carrier and reaction driving force, having the advantages of cleanliness and high efficiency. It is the main extraction technology for aluminum, rare earth elements, alkali metal, and alkaline earth metals. Currently, carbon anodes are commonly used in molten salt electrochemical metallurgy, and CO2 product is an important carbon emission source. If an inert oxygen evolution anode is used in a high-temperature molten salt system, then low-carbon emissions can be achieved in the molten salt electrolysis process. Therefore, the development of inert anodes suitable for molten salt electrolysis systems is very important, which has recently become a worldwide research hotspot. This article first reviewed the research progress of inert anodes in various high-temperature molten salt systems, including aluminum electrolytic fluoride salts, CaCl2 molten salts, carbonates, and molten oxides. Meanwhile, the recent development and the utilization of the moon have received widespread attention. In the future construction of lunar bases, oxygen will be the basic prerequisite for human survival. Solar-driven in-situ oxygen production with molten salt electrochemistry from the moon regolith will be an important method in the future to support the oxygen demand for human survival on the moon. Hence, inert oxygen evolution anodes are essential. Therefore, this article also briefly summarized oxygen production technology by moon regolith electrolysis based on inert anodes.

A 3D semi-cylindrical physical model of COREX shaft furnace was established, and the initial position and evolution process of dust accumulation in the bustle pipe of a shaft furnace were investigated through this model. The effects of discharging rate, gas flow rate, and non-normal operation condition on dust accumulation in the bustle pipe were also studied. The results show that the initial position of dust accumulation in the bustle pipe is in the 8#-12# slot region, located before the supporting tube of AGD beam. The dust blockage is first formed in the packed bed near the slot and then blocks the slot and grows into the bustle pipe if the growth velocity of the blockage region is greater than the descending velocity. Finally, dust accumulation can be observed in the bustle pipe. The dust accumulation is still growing in the bustle pipe, and the edge of the dust pile could develop to the far side; thus, the other slots would be gradually clogged by dust. Moreover, the results confirm that with increased discharge and gas flow rates, dust accumulation in the bustle pipe is greatly hindered. In contrast, under non-normal operation conditions, the dynamic balance of dust blockage is broken, and dust accumulation in bustle pipe is easily formed.

The effects of SiO2, Al2O3 and MgO on the hydration of lime were investigated by isothermal calorimetry, and the results were validated by 5 types of lime used in the sintering plant. It is found that the total hydrating heat of lime has positive relationship with CaO content, and decreases with increasing SiO2, Al2O3 and MgO contents. The contents of SiO2, Al2O3 and MgO also have important effect on the hydrating speed of lime. When the mass fraction of SiO2 increases to 1%, the hydrating speed of lime dramatically decreases, and then slowly drops with increasing SiO2 content. A small amount of Al2O3 has no significant effect on the hydrating speed of lime, but when the mass fraction of Al2O3 is more than 2%, the hydrating speed of lime sharply decreases. With the increase of MgO content, the hydrating speed of lime significantly decreases.

Objective: To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on the expression of related proteins in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway and synapse-associated proteins and the density of dendrite spines in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of depression model rats, and to reveal the underlying mechanism by which EA regulates the synaptic plasticity to improve depressive symptoms., Methods: Thirty-six healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, EA group, and scopolamine (SCOP) group, with 9 in each group. The depression model was established by exposing rats to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) combined with isolated feeding. Rats in the EA group were treated with EA (2 Hz/100 Hz, 1-1.2 mA) at "Baihui" (GV20), "Yintang" (EX-HN3), "Hegu" (LI4), and "Taichong" (LR3), 20 min each time, once per day, for 14 d, while those in the SCOP group treated with intraperitoneal injection of 25 μg/kg SCOP, once every 16 h, for 14 d. The sucrose preference and feeding latency of rats in each group were observed in the sucrose preference test (SPT) and novelty-suppressed feeding test. The expression levels of proteins in the BDNF/mTORC1 signaling pathway and synapse-associated proteins PSD95, Synapsin Ⅰ, and GluR1 were assayed by Western blot. Golgi-Cox staining was conducted for exploring the total density of dendritic spines on the apical dendrites of layer Ⅴ pyramidal neurons in PFC as well as the densities of mature, immature, and filopodial-like dendritic spines., Results: Compared with the normal group, the model group exhibited significantly decreased sucrose preference ( P <0.001), prolonged feeding latency ( P <0.001), down-regulated BDNF, mTORC1, phosphorylated mTORC1 (p-mTORC1), PSD95, Synapsin Ⅰ, and GluR1 expression ( P <0.001， P <0.01), and diminished total, mature, and immature spine dendritic densities ( P <0.001). Compared with the model group, both EA and SCOP remarkably increased the sucrose preference ( P <0.001), shortened the feeding latency ( P <0.001), up-regulated the BDNF, mTORC1, p-mTORC1, PSD95, Synapsin Ⅰ, and GluR1 expression in PFC( P <0.05， P <0.01， P <0.001), and elevated the total and immature spine dendritic densities ( P <0.001, P <0.01). The density of filopodial-like dendritic spine in the EA group was obviously enhanced ( P <0.01), whereas the mature dendritic spine density in the SCOP group rose sharply ( P <0.001). However, there were no significant differences between the EA group and SCOP group ( P >0.05)., Conclusion: EA alleviates the depressive symptoms of CUMS model rats possibly by up-regulating the expression of proteins in the BDNF/mTORC1 signaling pathway and synapse-asso-ciated proteins PSD95, Synapsin Ⅰ, and GluR1, increasing the dendritic spine density, and enhancing the synaptic plasticity in PFC.

Objective: To investigate the effect of acupuncture stimulation of head acupoints "Jin San Zhen" (JIN's Three Acupuncture Needles Therapy) on behavior reactions, hippocampal neuronal autophagy and expression of autophagy associated proteins (Beclin-1 and light chain 3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ [LC 3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ]) in rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) due to fetal intrauterine distress, so as to reveal its underlying mechanisms in improving neonatal HIBD., Methods: Pregnant SD rats were used in the present study. The HIBD model was established by delayed caesarean delivery and bilateral uterine arteries clipping for 10 minutes. The HIBD rats were randomly divided into model group and acupuncture groups ( n ＝9 rats in each group). The other 9 rats delivered naturally were used as the normal control group. On day 14 after delivery, the neonatal rats in the acupuncture group received acupuncture stimulation of head acupoints ("Nao San Zhen""Nie San Zhen" and "Zhi San Zhen") by twirling each needle leftward and rightward for 10 times, once a day for 14 d. The open field test and Morris water maze test were used to determine the locomotive activity and spatial learning-memory ability, respectively. The ultrastructure and autophagosomes in the hippocampal neurons were observed by transmission electron microscope. The contents and expression levels of Beclin-1 and LC3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ in the hippocampus tissues were detected by flow cytometry and Western blot, separately., Results: Compared with the normal control group, the time to go out of the central region of open field test, and the escape latency and duration of first platform-quadrant-crossing of spatial exploration of Morris water maze tests were significantly increased ( P <0.01， P <0.05， P <0.001), and the total distance and number of activities in the central region, and the target quadrant resistance time and number of platform-cros-sing remarkably decreased in the model group ( P <0.01, P <0.05), suggesting a decline of both locomotor activity and learning-memory ability after modeling. The expression level (%) of Beclin-1 protein and ratio of LC3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ proteins were considerably increased in the model group ( P <0.01). Following acupuncture interventions, the locomotor activity and spatial learning-memory ability were obviously increased ( P <0.05， P <0.01， P <0.001), and the expression of Beclin-1 protein and ratio of LC3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ were further up-regulated relevant to the model group ( P <0.001). Moreover, ultrastructural observation showed serrated change of nuclear membrane and widened perinuclear space, vacuolization in the mitochondria, dilation of endoplasmic reticulum and increase of autophagosomes in the hippocampal neurons in the model group. These situations were relatively milder in the acupuncture group., Conclusion: Acupuncture of head acupoints of "JIN San Zhen" may increase locomotor activity and learning-memory abi-lity in rats with HIBD due to fetal intrauterine anoxia, which is closely with its effect in promoting hippocampal neuronal autophagy via up-regulating the expression of Beclin-1 and LC3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ.

As food safety problem has become the focus of attention all over the world, green detection methods of the contaminants in food is in accordance with the sustainable development of environment. Heavy metal pollutant Cd element in rice was used as the object of study in this work, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and microwave assisted laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (MA-LIBS) were utilized to detect the blank and laboratory polluted rice samples respectively. The characteristic line of Cd Ⅰ 228.802 nm was employed as analytical line to discuss the enhancement effect of plasmas emission intensity for the analytical line of target element. Meanwhile, the actual concentration of Cd in rice was measured by anodic stripping voltammetry. The result displayed that LIBS can just detect the plasmas signals of the sample which contained 13.69 μg·g-1 cadmium for the laboratory polluted rice samples which concentration range from 2.16 to 13.69 μg·g-1, however, in the same experimental conditions, MA-LIBS can detect the plasmas signals of Cd in all of the contaminated rice samples successfully, and compared with LIBS, the plasmas emission intensity of Cd element was enhanced from 9 to 27 times. The results showed that the plasmas emission intensity of Cd element in rice can be enhanced effectively by MA-LIBS, and the detection sensitivity can be effectively improved.

In this work, the content of copper in the shell of preserved eggs were determined directly by Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), and the characteristics lines of Cu was obtained. The samples of eggshell were pretreated by acid wet digestion, and the real content of Cu was obtained by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Due to the test precision and accuracy of LIBS was influenced by a serious of factors, for example, the complex matrix effect of sample, the enviro nment noise, the system noise of the instrument, the stability of laser energy and so on. And the conventional unvariate linear calibration curve between LIBS intensity and content of element of sample, such as by use of Schiebe G-Lomakin equation, can not meet the requirement of quantitative analysis. In account of that, a kind of multivariate calibration method is needed. In this work, the data of LIBS spectra were processed by partial least squares (PLS), the precision and accuracy of PLS model were compared by different smoothing treatment and five pretreatment methods. The result showed that the correlation coefficient and the accuracy of the PLS model were improved, and the root mean square error and the average relative error were reduced effectively by 11 point smoothing with Multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) pretreatment. The results of the study show that, heavy metal Cu in preserved egg shells can be direct detected accurately by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, and the next step batch tests will been conducted to find out the relationship of heavy metal Cu content in the preserved egg between the eggshell, egg white and egg yolk. And the goal of the contents of heavy metals in the egg white, egg yolk can be knew through determinate the eggshell by the LIBS can be achieved, to provide new method for rapid non-destructive testing technology for quality and satety of agricultural products.

Heavy metals pollution in foodstuffs is more and more serious. It is impossible to satisfy the modern agricultural development by conventional chemical analysis. Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an emerging technology with the characteristic of rapid and nondestructive detection. But LIBS' s repeatability, sensitivity and accuracy has much room to improve. In this work, heavy metal Cu in Gannan Navel Orange which is the Jiangxi specialty fruit will be predicted by LIBS. Firstly, the navel orange samples were contaminated in our lab. The spectra of samples were collected by irradiating the peel by optimized LIBS parameters. The laser energy was set as 20 mJ, delay time of Spectral Data Gathering was set as 1.2 micros, the integration time of Spectral data gathering was set as 2 ms. The real concentration in samples was obtained by AAS (atom absorption spectroscopy). The characteristic variables Cu I 324.7 and Cu I 327.4 were extracted. And the calibration model was constructed between LIBS spectra and real concentration about Cu. The results show that relative error of the predicted concentrations of three relational model were 7.01% or less, reached a minimum of 0.02%, 0.01% and 0.02% respectively. The average relative errors were 2.33%, 3.10% and 26.3%. Tests showed that different characteristic variables decided different accuracy. It is very important to choose suitable characteristic variable. At the same time, this work is helpful to explore the distribution of heavy metals between pulp and peel.

Cu in navel orange was detected rapidly by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) combined with partial least squares (PLS) for quantitative analysis, then the effect on the detection accuracy of the model with different spectral data ptetreatment methods was explored. Spectral data for the 52 Gannan navel orange samples were pretreated by different data smoothing, mean centralized and standard normal variable transform. Then 319~338 nm wavelength section containing characteristic spectral lines of Cu was selected to build PLS models, the main evaluation indexes of models such as regression coefficient (r), root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECV) and the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) were compared and analyzed. Three indicators of PLS model after 13 points smoothing and processing of the mean center were found reaching 0. 992 8, 3. 43 and 3. 4 respectively, the average relative error of prediction model is only 5. 55%, and in one word, the quality of calibration and prediction of this model are the best results. The results show that selecting the appropriate data pre-processing method, the prediction accuracy of PLS quantitative model of fruits and vegetables detected by LIBS can be improved effectively, providing a new method for fast and accurate detection of fruits and vegetables by LIBS.

The purpose of this research is to study the influence of double pulse laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (DP-LIBS) on the sensitivity of Cu in water. The water solution of Cu was tested by collinear DP-LIBS in this article. The results show that spectral intensity of Cu can be enhanced obviously by DP-LIBS, compared with single pulse laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (SP-LIBS). Besides, the experimental results were significantly impacted by delay time between laser pulse and spectrometer acquisition, delay time of double laser pulse and energy of laser pulse and so on. The paper determined the best conditions for DP-LIBS detecting Cu in water. The optimal acquisition delay time was 1 380 ns. The best laser pulse delay time was 25 ns. The most appropriate energy of double laser pulse was 100 mJ. Characteristic analysis of spectra of Cu at 324.7 and 327.4 nm was done for quantitative analysis. The detection limit was 3.5 microg x mL(-1) at 324.7 nm, and the detection limit was 4.84 microg x mL(-1) at 327.4 nm. The relative standard deviation of the two characteristic spectral lines was within 10%. The calibration curve of characteristic spectral line, established by 327.4 nm, was verified with 500 microg x mL(-1) sample. Concentration of the sample was 446 microg x mL(-1) calculated by the calibration curve. This research shows that the detection sensitivity of Cu in water can be improved by DP-LIBS. At the same time, it had high stability.

The present study is to improve the sensitivity of detection and reduce the limit of detection in detecting heavy metal of soil by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The Cr element of national standard soil was regarded as the research object. In the experiment, a conical cavity with small diameter end of 20 mm and large diameter end of 45 mm respectively was installed below the focusing lens near the experiment sample to mainly confine the signal transmitted by plasma and to some extent to confine the plasma itself in the LIBS setup. In detecting Cr I 425.44 nm, the beast delay time gained from experiment is 1.3 micros, and the relative standard deviation is below 10%. Compared with the setup of non-spatial confinement, the spectral intensity of Cr in the soil sample was enhanced more than 7%. Calibration curve was established in the Cr concentration range from 60 to 400 microg x g(-1). Under the condition of spatial confinement, the liner regression coefficient and the limit of detection were 0.997 71 and 18.85 microg x g(-1) respectively, however, the regression coefficient and the limit of detection were 0.991 22 and 36.99 microg x g(-1) without spatial confinement. So, this shows that conical spatial confinement can/improve the sensitivity of detection and enhance the spectral intensity. And it is a good auxiliary function in detecting Cr in the soil by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy.

In order to improve the precision and sensitivity of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy device on detecting heavy metal, parameter optimization should be done. After selecting the initial delay time parameter in detecting navel orange experiment of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy device, a cell range from 1.10 to 1.30 micros of delay time containing the initial parameter was extracted and experiment on it was conducted. There are more than one peak in the curve of element line intensity and signal-to-background ratio vs the delay time in the cell range, and the peak values are higher than the initial one. Confidence interval of the delay time calculated indirectly by interval estimation in Statistics is (1.13, 1.25). The relative standard deviation decreases from 0. 103 269 548 to 0. 025 322 279 5 when the delay time adjusted from 1.20 to 1.14 micros in the confidence interval. It is suggested that parameters range of LIBS experimental device can be adjusted freely in the range while detecting measured elements so as to improve the precision and sensitivity.

It is a relatively new task to apply the laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to fruit samples. To apply LIBS technique in the field related to analysis of trace heavy metal element in fruits samples, we have done primary experiments using Gannan navel orange samples. The authors put the samples into different concentration gradient K2Cr2O7 solution and left it for 30 hours, and then we did the LIBS experiment, discriminated characteristic spectra of chromium element and recorded the peak intensity information. Weighing three grams of sample and determined chromium concentration in the samples by atomic absorption spectrophotometer using wet digestion. The calibration curve of the line intensities versus the concentrations of the Cr element was acquired by the Origin software. The authors found that the linear correlation coefficient is 0. 981 66. The calibration curve can be used for the quantitative analysis of chromium element with an unknown concentration in Gannan navel orange. The LIBS detection limit of Cr in the solution was 11.64 mg x g(-1) from the measured calibration curve. Experiment results showed that LIBS technique is a valid means for measuring and quantitatively analyzing the content of heavy metal elements in fruit samples.

Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was applied to measure barium and strontium elements in soil. The emission spectrum was emitted as the plasma was cooling off, which was collected and analyzed by fiber spectrometer. Spectral lines of barium (BaII line at 455.41 nm) and strontium (SrI line at 460.73 nm) were separately used for the determining. In order to reduce the error, fitting of the spectra by using Lorenizian function was used, the datum was preprocessed and the net intensity value of the spectra was collected. A signal intensity in the proper range of the characteristic spectrum was chosen as the interior label. A calibration curve was drawn according to the ratio between the value of the analytical line and the interior scaling line. The correlation coefficient between the content and the intensity ratio of Ba and Sr were up to 0.990 0 and 0.990 6. The content of Ba and Sr was inversed by means of the intensity scaling method. As a result, the relative deviations between the content values and the standard values of Ba and Sr were 5.7% and 5.1% respectively.

Objective: To study the renal toxicity caused by mercury administrated once and to observe the effects of buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), gluthionein (GSH), vitamin C (VC), and sodium 2,3-dimercato-1-propanesulfonate (DMPS) pretreatment on the nephrotoxicity of mercury., Methods: Sixty-four Wistar rats were divided randomly into eight groups, i. e., control group, low, middle and high dose mercury groups and BSO, GSH, VC, DMPS pretreatment groups. The low, middle, and high dose mercury group rats were subcutaneously (sc) injected with 0.75, 1.5, and 2.5 mg/kg HgCl2, respectively. The BSO pretreatment group rats were intraperitoneally (ip) injected with 0.5 mmol/kg BSO and four hours later sc administrated with 0.75mg/kg HgCl2. The GSH, VC and DMPS pretreatment group rats were ip injected with 3 mmol/kg GSH, 4mmol/kg VC, 200 micromol/kg DMPS, respectively, and two hours later sc administrated with 2.5 mg/kg HgCl2. The control group rats were sc injected with saline at corresponding time. The volume of injection was 5 ml/kg body weight. The 12 h urine samples were collected after 12 hours. After 48 hours, the blood samples were collected and then centrifuged to get the serum. The liver and renal cortex were also removed. Mercury contents in the liver, renal cortex, and urine samples were measured. Urinary NAG, ALP, LDH activities, urinary protein and BUN contents were also determined., Results: Mercury concentrations in the liver, renal cortex, and urine samples increased with mercury dose increasing. Mercury contents in the renal cortex presented evident dose-effect relationship. Mercury concentrations in the liver of high-dose mercury group were higher significantly than that of low, middle-dose mercury group, and control group. The concentrations of urinary mercury in the middle and high dose mercury groups were higher significantly than that of control group. Compared with 0.75mg/kg HgCl2 alone group, BSO pretreatment increased mercury concentrations in the liver, but decreased the concentrations in the renal cortex and urine. Mercury concentrations in the liver of GSH, VC and DMPS pretreatment groups were lower than that of 2.5 mg/kg HgCl2 alone group. Urinary NAG, ALP, LDH activities, urinary protein and BUN contents increased with mercury dose increasing, and the values in the animals of 2.5 mg/kg HgCl2 mercury group were higher significantly than that of control, 0.75 and 1.5 mg/kg HgCl2 groups. Urinary NAG, ALP activities, urinary protein and BUN contents in the rats of BSO pretreatment were higher than that of 0.75 mg/kg HgCl2 alone group and control group. Compared with 2.5 mg/kg HgCl2 alone group, urinary NAG, ALP, LDH activities, urinary protein and BUN contents decreased significantly., Conclusion: Mercury concentrations in the liver, renal cortex, and urine of the rats increased with mercury dose increasing. BSO pretreatment could enhance the renal toxicity induced by mercury, however, GSH, VC, and DMPS pretreatment had antagonistic effects on nephrotoxicity of the mercury.