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Visual object tracking is a fundamental problem in computer vision. It has been widely used in civilian and military fields, such as battlefield reconnaissance, video surveillance, automatic driving, video analysis, and many other areas. In recent years, although the object tracking algorithm has made great progress, stable object tracking is still a challenging task due to random target changes and complex scenarios. Firstly, the difficulties and challenges in actual tracking scenarios are introduced in this paper. Then, aiming at the background clutter, rotation changes, occlusion, and scale changes, the representative discriminative object tracking algorithms are summarized and analyzed from the perspective of feature extraction, observation model, and model update mechanism. Subsequently, 25 typical tracking algorithms are evaluated and analyzed on OTB2015 database. Finally, the further research directions are prospected.

The wide application of nanomaterials has led to their inevitable release into the environment, causing adverse ecological impacts to environment. However, the actual concentrations of nanomaterials in environment are relatively low, and whether they cause serious toxic stress to ecological safety remains controversial. Therefore, the non-toxic environmental effects of nanomaterials on organisms without significant growth inhibition or toxic stress phenotypes have attracted increasing attention in recent years. This review summarizes the recent advance in the research on the non-toxic environmental effects of nanomaterials and discusses the mechanism of non-stress effects of nanomaterials on plants and microorganisms, aiming to have a better understanding of the actual environmental effects of nanomaterials and provide new insights for scientific research in related fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Arid Zone Research / Ganhanqu Yanjiu is the property of Arid Zone Research Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Natural Gas Industry is the property of Natural Gas Industry Journal Agency and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Coal Geology & Exploration is the property of Xian Research Institute of China Coal Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Natural Gas Industry is the property of Natural Gas Industry Journal Agency and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ecological Science is the property of Ecological Science Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics (1001-1803) is the property of China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology (10036504) is the property of Editorial Board of Environmental Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Modern Food Science & Technology is the property of Editorial Office of Modern Food Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, the filtration process of FMEE prepared by calcium catalyst was studied. The viscosity of FMEE at different temperatures and gelation phase region of FMEE were measured, and the effects of sorbent type, dosage of adsorbent, types of filter aids, amount of filter aid and number of filter paper on the filtration effect were investigated. The optimal process was confirmed by filtration time, pH after filtration, particle size distribution and calcium ion content. The results show that FMEE has gel phase, which is serious with the mass fraction of 50%±5% at 20 °C. When the mass fraction is 80%, the viscosity of FMEE decreases with the temperature increase, and the inflection point is at 70 °C. When the adsorbent is citric acid and the mass fraction in the solution is 0.1%, the adsorption effect is better. When diatomite is used as the filter aid and the mass fraction in the solution is 0.2%, the filtration effect is the best. When the mesh number of filter paper is 500, the primary filtration yield reaches the maximum. Under the optimized process conditions, a clear and transparent solution with calcium ion content less than 10 mg/kg can be obtained, and the turbidity of filtrate can be less than 1 NTU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology (10036504) is the property of Editorial Board of Environmental Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pharmaceutial Care & Research is the property of Editorial Board of Pharmaceutial Care & Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent years, the technique of wireless senor networking was widely applied in the field of agriculture. Due to the complexity of the agricultural environment and various unpredictable factors such as barriers, weather conditions as well as some other filed conditions, it was important to propose a better networking scheme to minimize the cost of energy consumption and improve the performance of the network communication. In order to solve the problem that of the cluster head nodes beforehand because of the exhaustion of energy in the cluster structure and serious packet loss rate of the network in the large-scale paddy field of wireless sensor networking, three kinds of networking schemes were proposed here. An omni-directional antenna networking communication mode can be used for communicating in multi-hop in different rings. A directional antenna networking communication mode can also be used for communicating in multi-hop in different rings, in which data packets which form the high level ring can be transmitted to the first level node. For a hybrid antenna communication mode, we can use the scheme of double-cluster head networking, in which the main cluster head received packets of a vice cluster head node, which was gathered from other member nodes, communicated with the base station in the multi-hop network. In this paper, firstly, the difference among the network topology structure with a hybrid antenna networking mode, a directional antenna networking mode and an omni-directional antenna networking mode was given. Then, the energy consumption of the three kinds of multi-hop networking was analyzed theoretically. Simulation results show that, compared with the directional antenna networking communication mode, the amount of data increased by 10 times respectively in the hybrid antenna networking mode. Compared to the omni-directional antenna networking communication mode, the stabilization period of network was prolonged by 24.3% and the lifetime increased by 28.2% in the hybrid antenna networking mode. Finally, networking tests were conducted in a paddy field for examining the communication performance of the omni-directional and hybrid antenna networking mode, equipped with a RF905 RF chip and a TDJ-0825BKM1 directional antenna. Results show that, compared with an omni-directional antenna network of communication, the packet loss rate of the hybrid antenna network decreased by 8.11%, and the average time of alive network was prolonged by 8.66% simultaneously. The research was provided for a reference of wireless sensor networking scheme, which can be applied in the large area of paddy fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]