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With the rapid development and popularity of the Internet, an increasing number of people would like to use online platforms to express themselves and communicate with others. It is inevitable that a large number of online text data are constantly emerging with personal information, which often indicate individual real expression in different conditions and reflect personal inner psychological traits and personality tendency. Applying text mining techniques to analyzing psychological traits behind the online text is not only helpful for individuals to understand themselves, but also useful to avoid the motivation interfere while using traditional methods for psychological assessment. In recent years, the language model named bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) has greatly improved the performance of both the text classification task and the sentiment analysis task. In this paper, prediction models for psychological traits are constructed based on online text. Comprehensive semantic features and long dependency in the context are obtained by BERT. Considering that distinct algorithm frameworks of classifiers can lead to different classification results, the fully-connected layer of the BERTBASE model and the random forest algorithm are used in the downstream classification task to make comparison. The results show that psychological traits can be effectively predicted from text classification based on BERT, and the average accuracy, average precision and other indicators are more than 97%.

This paper summarized the nursing management of a patient with Kawasaki disease complicated with acute myocardial infarction. Key issues of nursing included illness observation, perioperative nursing of emergent intervention, psychological nursing, health education, and so on. (本文总结1例川崎病(KD)并发冠状动脉瘤样病变形成血栓导致心肌梗死患者的护理经验, 包括病情观察、急诊介入术围手术期的护理、心理护理、健康教育等。)

Objective The tests of three types of auditory evoked potentials （AEPs） were performed on normal young adults, to understand the frequency characteristics of different testing methods and the relationship between response threshold and pure tone audiometry threshold of different methods, and to discuss the forensic value of 3 types of AEPs to evaluate hearing function. Methods Twenty normal young adults were selected, their standard pure tone audiometry threshold, short-term pure tone audiometry threshold and the response threshold of 3 types of AEPs （tone burst-auditory brainstem response, 40 Hz auditory event-related potential and slow vertex response） at 0.5 kHz, 1.0 kHz, 2.0 kHz and 4.0 kHz were recorded. The relationship between the response threshold and standard pure tone audiometry threshold, short-term pure tone audiometry threshold of 3 types of AEPs at different frequencies as well as the differences between different types of AEPs were analyzed. Results The short-term pure tone audiometry threshold was higher than the standard pure tone audiometry threshold at each frequency. The response threshold and standard pure tone audiometry threshold of the 3 types of AEPs all had a certain correlation, and the response threshold of the 3 types of AEPs was higher than short-term pure tone audiometry threshold and standard pure tone audiometry threshold at each frequency. The differences in the differences between the response threshold and standard pure tone audiometry threshold of the 3 types of AEPs at different frequencies had statistical significance. Linear regression mathematical models were established to infer the standard pure tone audiometry threshold （hearing level） from response threshold （sound pressure level） of 3 types of AEPs of normal young adults. Conclusion When using response threshold of different types of AEPs to estimate pure tone audiometry threshold, conversion and correction are needed. Combined use of different types of AEPs could improve the accuracy of hearing function evaluation.

The acute toxicity and subacute toxicity of an anthocyanins extract of Lycium ruthenicum (AEL) were evaluated. Acute oral toxicity test was performed in mice via intragastric administration of AEL 8 000 mg/kg once by a fixed dose method, and the toxicity responses of the mice were observed while their general states within 14 days were recorded. SD rats were selected for a 30-day feeding experiment, the changes of body weight and physical signs of rats were recorded during theadministration. At the end of the experiment, the biochemical indexes of urine, hematological indexes, and serum biochemical indexes were examined, the morphological changes in organs were observed, and the visceral body coefficient and visceral brain coefficient were calculated. The study revealed that in the acute toxicity test, no side effects was observed in mice, and their body weights increased normally with no obvious abnormalities detected in the anatomical organs. After continuous intragastric administration for 30 days, the rats in each experimental group showed no obvious toxic reaction, and their weights increased normally; Compared with the control group, the percentage of monocytes (M%) in the female high-dose group increased significantly (P<0.05) while their AST/ALT ratios decreased significantly (P<0.05); The serum Cl- and spleen coefficients of the male high-dose group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The other urine biochemical indexes, hematological indexes, serum biochemical indexes, visceral coefficient and visceral brain coefficient of the rats in the experimental group did not show significant abnormalities. The results showed that the maximum tolerable dose for single intragastric administration of AEL to mice was not lower than 8 000 mg/kg, and no toxicity reaction was found in the rats after continuous intragastric administration for 30 days. AEL had no acute and subacute toxicities under the experimental conditions, exhibiting relatively high safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Temperature plays an important role in vegetable and fruit storage. In this study, the Cucumis melo var. reticulatus Chuanmicuiyu planted in Chengdu plain were stored at different temperatures by comparing the quality of muskmelon during storage. The results showed that cold storage (5, 8, 12 °C) significantly reduced breathing rate, decay rate, and decay index of muskmelon, delayed the increase of malondialdehyde content and the loss of hardness, and maintained a higher brightness (L* value). Besides, there was no serious cold injury of the muskmelon observed during storage. Among the three low temperatures, 5 °C was the best one, which demonstrated storing at this temperature could effectively extends the storage time of Cucumis melo var. reticulatus, and maintained its good appearance even after 28 days storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a multisystem conncctivc tissue disease with autosomal dominant inheritance. It is mainly caused by FBN1 gene mutation and often has different clinical manifestations. Neonatal MFS is especially rare with severe conditions and a poor prognosis. At present, there is still no radical treatment method for MFS, but early identification, early diagnosis, and early treatment can effectively prolong the life span of patients. This article reviews the latest advances in the diagnosis and treatment of MFS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five varieties of Raphanus sativus L. commonly grown in the Chengdu region were compared with the aim of selecting those of high quality for cultivation of freshly consumable crops. Quality was assessed based on 13 post-harvest nutritional indices (including dry matter mass and the contents of Vc, soluble proteins, soluble solids, soluble sugars, reducing sugars, and pulp and peel cellulose), as well as appearance indices (for example, differences between pulp and peel color, pulp and peel firmness, and peel toughness). Statistical analyses, including correlation tests and factor evaluation, revealed that the soluble solids, cellulose, Vc, and soluble protein contents of the pulp, as well as differences in the color value L* could serve as five key indices for evaluating the suitability of a variety for fresh consumption. The weights of these indices were determined based on an analytic hierarchy process as follows: 49.81%, 26.39%, 13.71%, 6.09%, and 4.00%, respectively. The overall quality of the five selected varieties was ranked according to gray correlation results, which indicated that the variety 'Hei Ye Chun Bu Lao' possessed the best quality in terms of fresh consumption. Among the assessed varieties, it was found that although two conventional varieties showed superior overall quality with respect to fresh consumption, the three hybrid varieties could be characterized by better field yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A field research was conducted in the Agricultural High-tech Demonstration Park in Horqin District of Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, using the maize variety Nonghua 101 with two cropping modes, including strip-till with staggered planting (seeding strip tillage, 15 cm + 45 cm narrow-double row staggered sowing, TGCW) and conventional tillage with equal row space (rotary tillage with row space of 60 cm, CK), and three planting densities (67,500 plants hm-2, 82,500 plants hm-2, and 97,500 plants hm-2) in 2017 and 2018 to study the effect of strip-till with staggered planting on regulating spring maize yield formation and coordination characteristics of shoot-root in irrigation areas of Xiliao river plain. The model of that strip-till with staggered planting enhanced maize yield by 13.1% and 13.8% in 2017 and 2018, under the planting density 82,500 plants hm-2 compared with CK, respectively. The strip-till with staggered planting showed a distinct advantage on the amount and rate of dry matter accumulation after silking, which obviously delayed the senility of leaves in later growth stage, meanwhile, compared with CK, the light transmittance significantly increased in or above panicle layers. The leaf area index, net photosynthetic rate and population photosynthetic potential in the model of strip-till with staggered planting were higher than those in CK in late growth stage. At later growing stage, the strip-till with staggered planting had significantly higher root dry weight than CK in different soil layers, with the highest root ratio in 20-60 cm, especially under higher planting density. The grain yield against per unit of root weight at silking and root-shoot ratio at maturity had a distinct advantage. In conclusion the strip-till with staggered planting combined with high planting density can increase light transmission rate in above-spike layer in late growing stage, alleviate leaf area decline, increase production capacity, facilitate root growth and increase root ratio in deeper soil layers. Shoot-root coordination under dense planting is one of the main reasons facilitating yield increase of spring maize in irrigation areas of Xiliao river plain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The silicone rubber materials with soft and hard alternating multilayered structure were successfully fabricated by multilayer co-extrusion technique. The influence of alternate multilayer structure on the mechanical properties of silicone rubber was discussed. The regular and continuous multilayered structure was observed. Meanwhile, with the increase of the layer number, the tensile strength and elongation at break increased, and the compressibility was also obviously improved. Compared with that of 3-layer of silicone rubber, the elongation at break and tensile strength of 129-layer silicone rubber were increased by 42.5 % and 70.2 %, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Very rich studies have so far investigated the effects of peer group in school on childrens' academic achievement since 1960s and expended into social development in recent years. Findings indicated that the socio-economic status, racial or ethnic composition, learning abilities, as well as emotions or behaviors of peers are able to influence childrens' development for varied children groups in many ways. Family background, school setting, teacher expectation and behaviors and peer culture can explain the effects of peers which to some extent have important implication for the theory and the practice under discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We conducted a greenhouse experiment to test how clonal integration affected the growth responses of Spartina anglica to light intensity heterogeneity in light availability and whether such effects depended on contrast light intensity. The experiment had three homogeneous treatments and two heterogeneous treatments. In the homogeneous treatments, both ramets of a connected ramet pair were unshaded (high light intensity), moderately shaded (medium light intensity, 70% of the high light intensity) and deeply shaded (low light intensity, 30% of the high light intensity). In the heterogeneous treatments, one ramet of a pair was unshaded, but its connected ramet was either moderately shaded (low light intensity contrast) or deeply shaded (high light intensity contrast). In the homogeneous treatments, biomass of S. anglica was significantly higher in the high light intensity treatment than in the medium and low light intensity treatments. Number of leaves, root length, and total biomass were significantly higher in the shaded ramet in the heterogeneous treatment with low light intensity contrast than in the ramet in the homogeneous treatment with medium light intensity. Final size and mass were not significantly different between the unshaded ramet in the heterogeneous treatment with low light intensity contrast and the ramets in the homogeneous high light intensity treatment. These results suggested that clonal integration benefitted a shaded ramet with little cost to an unshaded ramet when contrast in light intensity was low. However, effects of clonal integration were not significant when contrast was high. It therefore appeared that effects of clonal integration on the growth of S. anglica did not increase with increasing light intensity contrast. In natural habitats, clonal integration might improve growth of S. anglica when its ramets are moderately shaded by other plants but not when they are deeply shaded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the relationship of Maternal-fetal interface local cytokine CSF-1 and its receptors with the occurrence of the early spontaneous abortion. Methods From August 2009 to December 2011, we collected 30 villi tissue samples with artificial abortion and 30 villi tissue samples with spontaneous abortion. At the same time, we collected 30 villi tissue samples with artificial abortion and 30 decidua tissue samples with spontaneous abortion, and 30 decidua tissue samples with spontaneous abortion. The human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was detected by radioimmunoassay in each group. The expressions of colony Stimulating Factor 1 (CSF-l) and colony Stimulating Factor 1 receptor ( CSF-1 R ) were detected by Immunohistochemical staining and Western Blot in the villi tissue and decidua tissue in every group. Results The levels of HCG in the spontaneous abortion group were lower than those in the artificial abortion group ( P < 0.05) . The protein expression of CSF-1 and CSF-1 R about the artificial abortion and spontaneous abortion in the the spontaneous abortion group were found. The protein expression levels of CSF-1 and CSF-1 R about the artificial abortion and spontaneous abortion in the the spontaneous abortion group were higher than the artificial abortion group by immunohistochemical staining and Western Blot (P<0.05) . Conclusions The right concentrations of CSF-1 and CSF-1R maintain the pregnancy continued. However, The higher concentrations of CSF-1 and CSF-1 R may be one of the factors leading to spontaneous abortion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problem of ambiguity caused by Neologism in new words identification in social networks, an algorithm for networks new words identification is proposed. The algorithm analyzes the changing patterns and features of networks new words by three indicators; frequency gain, co-occurrence distribution consistency and emotional tendencies transference. Finally, real experiments validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm improving existing systems of new words identification [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate how the human GLIS family zinc finger protein 2 (GLIS2) regulate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and its influence on the differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). Methods Human BMMSCs were randomly divided into blank group, osteogenic induction group, GLIS2 gene overexpression (ad-GLIS2) group, ad-GLIS2 negative control group, gene knockdown (si-GLIS2) group, and si-GLIS2 negative control (si-NC) group. The expression of GLIS2 mRNA in each group was detected by reverse transcription-PCR to determine the transfection status; alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was detected by phenyl-p-nitrophenyl phosphate (PNPP), and calcified nodule formation was tested by alizarin red staining to determine its osteogenic properties; the activation of intracellular Wnt/β-catenin pathway was detected by T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF) reporter kit; the expression of GLIS2, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteopontin (OPN), and osterix was detected by Western blot analysis. The interaction between GLIS2 and β-catenin was verified by GST-pulldown. Results Compared with the blank group, the ALP activity and calcified nodule formation of BMMSCs in the osteogenic induction group increased, and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity and the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related proteins increased, the osteogenic ability increased, while the expression of GLIS2 decreased. Up-regulating the expression of GLIS2 could inhibit the osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs, while suppress the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related proteins on the contrary. Down-regulating the expression of GLIS2 could promote the osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs, and improve the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related proteins. There was an interaction between β-catenin and GLIS2. Conclusion GLIS2 may negatively regulate the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway and affect the osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs.

About 3% of pregnant women suffer from chronic kidney disease (CKD). This article reviews the literature on the outcomes of neonates born to mothers with CKD (including those undergoing dialysis and kidney transplantation), and the results show that CKD during pregnancy may increase the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and small for gestational age infant, but it does not increase the risk of congenital anomalies. As for long-term outcomes, CKD during pregnancy has no significant impact on offspring's physical development and immune function. Neurodevelopmental outcome of offspring is associated with preterm birth and low birth weight, rather than intrauterine drug exposure. However, further research and follow-up are needed to investigate the outcome of neonates born to mothers with CKD.

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a multisystem connective tissue disease with autosomal dominant inheritance. It is mainly caused by FBN1 gene mutation and often has different clinical manifestations. Neonatal MFS is especially rare with severe conditions and a poor prognosis. At present, there is still no radical treatment method for MFS, but early identification, early diagnosis, and early treatment can effectively prolong the life span of patients. This article reviews the latest advances in the diagnosis and treatment of MFS.

Objectives: To analyze the Nogo-P3 component of event-related potential (ERP) in the process of visual acuity processing, to provide electrophysiological evidence for objective evaluation of visual acuity., Methods: Twenty-six subjects with no other ocular diseases except for ametropia were recruited, and all subjects had uncorrected visual acuity both eyes 1/10 (evaluated using Monoyer chart). Block letter E with different visual angles and directions were used as graphic stimuli. The Go/Nogo paradigm was used for ERP studies. The visual angle of Go stimulation angle was 1°15', Nogo stimuli were 1°15', 55', 24' and 15'. The visual acuity test was performed on each of the two naked eyes separately in all subjects, and the characteristics of the Nogo-P3 component were analyzed., Results: The latency of Nogo-P3 showed no difference between the stimuli of 1°15' and 55', and between Nogo stimulation angle 24' and 15'. There was significant difference between Nogo stimulation angle 1°15' and 24', and between Nogo stimulation angle 1°15' and 15' ( P <0.05). There was significant difference between Nogo stimulation angle 55' and 24', and between Nogo stimulation angle 55' and 15' ( P <0.05). No significant differences were observed in the Nogo-P3 amplitude among Nogo stimulation., Conclusions: In the Go/Nogo paradigm, Nogo-P3 can reflect the cognitive response of subjects to Nogo stimulation, which can be used for objective evaluation of visual acuity.

Objectives: To explore the relationship between the frequency characteristics and response threshold of auditory steady-state response (ASSR), auditory brainstem response (ABR) and 40 Hz auditory event related potential (40 Hz AERP), and their application values in forensic medicine., Methods: Thirty volunteers with normal hearing (60 ears) were selected to perform pure tone audiometry (PTA) threshold and ASSR, ABR and 40 Hz AERP response threshold tests in the standard sound insulation shielding room, and the results were statistically analyzed by SPSS 22.0 software., Results: At 0.5 kHz and 1.0 kHz frequencies, the correlation between 40 Hz AERP response threshold and PTA threshold was good, which was better than that of ASSR and ABR response threshold. At 2.0 kHz and 4.0 kHz frequencies, the correlation between ASSR and ABR response thresholds and PTA threshold was good, which was better than that of 40 Hz AERP response threshold., Conclusions: To evaluate the hearing at 0.5 kHz and 1.0 kHz frequencies, it is recommended to use 40 Hz AERP and ASSR to comprehensively assess the PTA threshold of the subjects. To evaluate the hearing at 2.0 kHz and 4.0 kHz frequencies, ABR and ASSR are recommended to assess the PTA threshold of subjects comprehensively. The combination of ASSR, ABR and 40 Hz AERP can improve the accuracy of hearing function evaluation.

In capillary electrophoresis, determination of the basic physical and chemical properties of compounds, such as absolute mobility ( m 0 ) and dissociation constant (p K a ), is of great practical significance. This is because the aforementioned properties are often used for the qualitative or quantitative analyses of the relevant compounds toward their application as potential drugs. Lovastatin is a potential drug candidate that can reduce the levels of cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the blood, as well as prevent atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. For a more convenient and rapid investigation of the properties and applications of lovastatin, it is necessary to determine its m 0 and p K a values. However, existing research on capillary electrophoresis for lovastatin and other related drugs focus on their quantitative determination, and their action mechanism and functions. Unfortunately, there are very few studies aimed at the determination of the m 0 and p K a values of lovastatin. Based on related studies, this paper herein proposed a novel method to determine m 0 and p K a of lovastatin. The present study mainly included a calculation method and experimental verification. The calculation method was based on capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and the empirical formula of ion mobility. First, on the basis of the empirical formula, the calculation formula for m 0 was derived from the relationship between the actual mobility ( m act ), effective mobility ( m eff ) and m 0 . Second, for a monovalent acid (HA), according to the calculation formula for m 0 part, considering the hydrogen ion concentration as the independent variable and the reciprocal of m eff as the dependent variable, a straight line was obtained on the coordinate axis. From the slope of this straight line, the dissociation equilibrium constant K a was obtained directly, and p K a was calculated easily. After the derivation of m 0 and p K a in the theoretical part, the feasibility and reliability of this method were verified by using it to determine the m 0 and p K a values of several organic acids and bases (barbituric acid, benzoic acid, benzylamine, phenol, and m -cresol) in the experimental part. Note that for the buffer system with pH<6.0, reverse capillary electrophoresis was used for the determination of p K a , because this technique helped shorten the migration time and facilitates the detection of analytes that could not reach the cathode. After obtaining m 0 and p K a , the theoretical reference values for these parameters were obtained by PeakMaster 5.1. The experimental data were well consistent with the theoretical m 0 and p K a values. The standard deviation (SDs) of m 0 and p K a were less than 6.0% and 6.2%, respectively. From the correlation coefficient ( R ) of the linear regression equation, it was found that the linear regression lines of p K a fit well, indicating the excellent reliability of this method. Finally, with this simple and reliable method, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as a marker for electroosmotic flow to determine the m 0 and p K a values of lovastatin (-1.70×10 -8 m 2 /(V·s) and 9.00, respectively). This method is suitable for the determination of m 0 and p K a of acidic and basic analytes. The method has high accuracy and is expected to play an indispensable role in drug analysis.

Hemoglobin A 1c (HbA 1c ) is a major component of glycated hemoglobin in human red blood cells. It has been proven to be a significant biomarker for the diagnosis of diabetes; its content in fresh red cells in diabetes blood reflects the average level of blood glucose over the previous three months. Thus, HbA 1c level has been used for the assessment of long-term glycemic control in diabetes; the level of 6.5% HbA 1c has been certified as a critical cut-off for the diabetes diagnosis. The current commonly used method for HbA 1c quantification is based on cation-exchange high performance liquid chromatography (CX-HPLC). The method has advantages such as high stability, rapidity, and automation, but there are still some unidentified peaks of Hb species in CX-HPLC (VARIANT Ⅱ system); in particular, the presence of HbA 3 (a glutathiolated Hb) affects the accurate determination of HbA 1c . HbA 3 is usually present in healthy adult blood samples at 2%-4%, but the concentration of HbA 3 increases due to the protection of erythrocytes from oxidation, resulting in decreased HbA 1c . However, the relative location of the HbA 3 peak in the CX-HPLC clinical chromatogram has not been established. To address this issue, we extracted Hb species from fresh blood samples obtained from a hospital in an anaerobic environment to avoid possible redox reactions of Hb and glutathione. After the extraction, the Hb samples were analyzed using two methods: a low-resolution CX-HPLC (5/50 mm column) currently used for diabetes diagnosis and a high-resolution cationic exchange HPLC (Mono-S 5/50 mm column), to identify the peak corresponding to HbA 3 . The CX-HPLC analysis of fresh blood samples indicated that the unknown peak P3 located between HbA 1c and HbA 0 peaks corresponded to the HbA 3 peak between HbA 1c and HbA 0 in the Mono-S-HPLC. Microarray isoelectric focusing (IEF) was used for the micro-preparation of HbA 3 , HbA 1c , and HbA 0 in healthy blood samples; then, the micro-prepared species of HbA 3 , HbA 1c , and HbA 0 were individually identified via Mono-S-HPLC. The results of the CX-HPLC, Mono-S-HPLC, and microarray IEF experiments indicated that the P3 peak might correspond to HbA 3 . To confirm this, glutathiolated Hb samples were synthesized via acetylphenylhydrazine and analyzed using both the Mono-S- and CX-HPLC systems. The results showed that the content of both glutaminated hemoglobin of HbA 3 in Mono-S-HPLC and P3 in CX-HPLC increased, implying the peak of P3 with the retention time of 1.50 min in CX-HPLC was the peak corresponding to HbA 3 in Mono-S-HPLC and microarray IEF. Based on the above experiments and our previous results, the influence of HbA 3 on both the analysis of HbA 1c in blood samples and the diabetes diagnosis needs to be considered and discussed. The study results are significant for the tentative assignment of peak P3 and for offering more information on diabetes diagnosis using CX-HPLC in the clinical setting.

As the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) periodically operates at low water levels, its drawdown area has been utilized for cultivation by local farmers due to the overlap of the non-inundated period and the crop-growth period. However, traditional agricultural planting may affect the aquatic environment of the TGR area. To explain the effects of agricultural farming and abandoned farming on the water environment, a study was conducted in the drawdown area in an embayment of the Pengxi River (a tributary of the TGR). Corn, potato, and peanut fields were investigated for nitrogen and phosphorus content in surface soil, during the farming period (March to September 2018) and the conversion period (March to September 2019). Nitrogen and phosphorus balance models were constructed for farmland and abandoned farmland, to compare and analyze the budgets and loss risk of nitrogen and phosphorus from soil in the drawdown area. The results showed that the ammonia nitrogen (NH 4 + -N), total phosphorus (TP), and inorganic phosphorus (IP) content of soil in the corn field varied significantly across different planting periods. The concentrations of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen (NO 3 - -N) were significantly higher in farmland soil than in abandoned farmland soil, and the concentrations of total phosphorus (TP), inorganic phosphorus (IP), and calcium-bound phosphorus (Ca-P) were significantly lower in farmland soil than in abandoned farmland soil. The different soils were ranked according to the intensity of nitrogen and phosphorus surplus as follows:corn field>potato field>peanut field. The apparent surplus values in the different farmland soils were 76.89 kg ·hm -2 (corn field), 51.92 kg ·hm -2 (potato field), and 43.74 kg ·hm -2 (peanut field) for nitrogen, and 79.69 kg ·hm -2 (corn field), 75.76 kg ·hm -2 (potato field), and 17.78 kg ·hm -2 (peanut field) for phosphorous. Overall, the surplus intensities of nitrogen and phosphorus in all three croplands were higher than the respective risk thresholds, indicating potential nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in the three farmland types. Agricultural farming in the drawdown area may therefore increase the risk of nitrogen and phosphorus loss and is not conducive to the protection of the aquatic environment.

A boy was admitted on day 3 after birth due to shortness of breath for 2 days and cyanosis for 1 day. He had clinical manifestations of dyspnea in the early postnatal period and situs inversus, and was finally diagnosed with Kartagener syndrome. His condition was improved after oxygen therapy, anti-infective therapy, and aerosol therapy. The genetic testing showed that there was a large-fragment loss of heterozygosity, exon 48&#95;50, and a hemizygous mutation, c.7915C > T(p.R2639X), in the DNAH5 gene. Kartagener syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease, and this is the first case of Kartagener syndrome diagnosed in the neonatal period in China.

Pediatric patients in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) have a high incidence rate of genetic diseases, and early rapid etiological diagnosis and targeted interventions can help to reduce mortality or improve prognosis. Whole-genome sequencing covers more comprehensive information including point mutation, copy number, and structural and rearrangement variations in the intron region and has become one of the powerful diagnostic tools for genetic diseases. Sequencing data require highly professional judgment and interpretation and are returned for clinical application after several weeks, which cannot meet the need for the diagnosis and treatment of genetic diseases in children. This article introduces the clinical application of rapid whole-genome sequencing in the NICU/PICU and briefly describes related techniques of artificial intelligence-rapid whole-genome sequencing diagnostic system, a rapid high-throughput automated platform for the diagnosis of genetic diseases. The diagnostic system introduces artificial intelligence into the processing of data after whole-genome sequencing and can solve the problems of long time and professional interpretation required for routine genome sequencing and provide a rapid diagnostic regimen for critically ill children suspected of genetic diseases within 24 hours, and therefore, it holds promise for clinical application.

This article evaluates the potential influence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in pregnant women on the development of coronavirus disease 2019 in neonates and discusses the possibility of mother-to-child vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2. With reference to related articles published up to now and the information on official websites, a retrospective review was performed for the clinical manifestations and laboratory examination results of the neonates born to the mothers with infection during pregnancy during the epidemics of severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome and after the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infection since December 2019. Based on the limited data, there is no conclusive evidence for mother-to-child vertical transmission of coronavirus disease 2019, and more cases need to be collected for further evaluation.

Objective To investigate the effects of co-stimulatory molecule B7-H4/VTCN1 on apoptosis and autophagy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and the potential signaling pathways. Methods After Huh7 cells were treated by B7-H4 siRNA, CCK-8 assay was used to detect the cell proliferation. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. The protein expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 (c-caspase-3), Bcl2, LC3, P62, JNK and phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK) were examined by Western blot analysis. The autophagosome was observed by monodansylcadaverine (MDC) assay. Results After the knockdown of B7-H4, the apoptosis and autophagy of HCC cells increased, and cell proliferation decreased. Moreover, the expression levels of c-caspase-3 and LC3 II went up, while the expression levels of Bcl2 and P62 went down. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of JNK was also inhibited, and autophagosome was visible. Conclusion Knockdown of B7-H4 promotes the apoptosis and autophagy in HCC cells, which may be related to the inhibited phosphorylation of JNK.

Objective: To investigate the role of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) in laterocapcular division of the central nucleus of amygdala (CeLC) in fentanyl-induced hyperalgesia in rats. 
 Methods: A total of 12 Sprague-Dawley male rats (60-100 g) were randomly divided into a normal group 1 (n=6) and an opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) group 1 (n=6). The OIH group 1 was injected with fentanyl through the lower neck skin to build OIH model, and the normal group 1 was given the same volume of saline. After 6.5 h, paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) were tested to verify the success of the induction of OIH. Then rats were sacrificed and the right CeLC tissue were taken for detection of the mGluR5 by Western blotting. Forty SD male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10 each): an OIH+DMSO, an OIH+MTEP (3.0 μg), an OIH+MTEP (7.5 μg) and an OIH+MTEP (15.0 μg) group. MTEP was a selective antagonist of mGluR5. Catheterization in the right CeLC was first performed. After one-week recovery, OIH was induced. Then 0.5 μL DMSO, MTEP 3.0 μg, MTEP 7.5 μg and MTEP 15.0 μg were administrated through the CeLC catheter accordingly. PWMT and PWTL were tested at pre-OIH, 6 h after OIH and post-drug. Then the expression levels of mGluR5 of CeLC tissue were analyzed by Western blotting. Another 8 SD male rats were randomly divided into a normal group 2 and an OIH group 2 (n=4 each). The rats were induced OIH by injecting of fentanyl while rats in the normal group 2 were injected with same volume of saline. The miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) of the 2 groups' neurons in the right CeLC region were recorded by whole cell voltage-clamp before and after the administration of MTEP in brain slice.
 Results: Compared with the normal group 1, the PWTL and PWMT were significantly decreased and the expression of mGluR5 was apparently increased in the OIH group 1 (P<0.05). The PWMT and PWTL were significantly decreased in each group and indicated success of OIH model (P<0.05). The expression of mGluR5 in the CeLC was increased. MTEP reversed these changes in a dose-dependent way (P<0.05). Compared with the normal group 2, the amplitude and frequency of mEPSCs in the OIH group 2 were significantly increased (P<0.05) and they were reversed by MTEP (P<0.05). 
 Conclusion: mGluR5 in the CeLC may be involved in the maintenance of OIH. Inhibition of the activity of mGluR5 in the CeLC may alleviate the symptoms of fentanyl-induced hyperalgesia.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of warm acupuncture combined with yoga posture method in the treatment of periarthritis with frozen period., Methods: Ninety patients with periarthritis who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a control group 1, a control group 2 and an observation group, 30 cases in each group. Warm acupuncture was applied in the control group 1 (Jianzhen (SI 9), Jianyu (LI 15), Jianliao (TE 14), etc were selected), yoga posture method was applied in the control group 2, warm acupuncture combined with yoga posture method were given in the observation group, the treatment was given once a day, 10 times as a course with 2 days between courses and continuous for 2 courses. After 2 courses of treatment, the shoulder joint pain score and shoulder function grading were used to evaluate the clinical efficacy, and the clinical efficacy was observed., Results: ①The pain scores of the three groups were significantly lower after treatment (all P <0.01), and scores in the observation group was better than that in the control group 1 and the control group 2 ( P <0.05, P <0.01). There was no significant difference between the control group 1 and the control group 2 ( P >0.05). ②After treatment, the functional classification of shoulder joints were significantly improved in the three groups (all P <0.01), and the functional classification of shoulder joint in the observation group and the control group 2 were better than that in the control group 1 ( P <0.01, P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the observation group and the control group 2 ( P >0.05). ③After 2 courses of treatment, the effective rate of the observation group was 86.7% (26/30), which was better than 70.0% (21/30) in the control group 1 and 76.7% (23/30) in the control group 2 (both P <0.05)., Conclusion: Warm acupuncture combined with yoga posture method can effectively relieve shoulder pain and improve dysfunction. The clinical comprehensive effect is better than simple acupuncture and yoga posture method.

The exogenous gene expression and its impacts on the bacterial population are important to study quorum sensing systems and synthetic biology industry. However, the behavior of exogenous protein expressing bacteria remains poorly understood. To find out which factors are playing a critical role in the growth of population and exogenous gene expression, we measured Lux-type receptor-regulated exogenous gene expression under the induction of N-acyl homoserine lactone (N-AHL) signaling molecules and impacts on the bacterial population dynamics after such stimulation. To analyze the cause of fitness burden of bacteria, we set up a hypothetical mathematical model. Previous studies often arrogate this phenomenon to the synthesis cost and the toxicity of N-AHL signaling molecule. However, we suggested another possible cause of the fitness burden.

Objective To investigate the cell inhibitory effect of arginase inhibitor nor-NOHA on HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells and related mechanism. Methods CCK-8 assay was used to detect the cell proliferation and flow cytometry to detect the apoptosis of HepG2 cells treated with (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0) ng/μL nor-NOHA. The protein levels of arginase 1 (Arg1), P53, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), E-cadherin (ECD) were determined by Western blotting. Real time quantitative PCR was employed to examine the changes in the mRNA level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Griess assay was used to measure the concentration of nitric oxide (NO) in HepG2 cells. Transwell TM assay and wound-healing assay were performed to evaluate the changes of the cell invasion and migration ability, respectively. Results nor-NOHA inhibited the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of HepG2 cells. It also decreased the expression levels of Arg1 and MMP-2, increased the expression levels of P53 and ECD as well as the production of NO; in addition, nor-NOHA inhibited the invasion and migration of HepG2 cells. Conclusion Nor-NOHA can induce cell apoptosis and inhibit the ability of invasion and migration of HepG2 cells by inhibiting Arg1, which is related with the increase of iNOS expression and the high concentration of NO.

Objectives: To identify the role of DNA double-strain damage repairing pathway in the development of diabetics atherosclerosis., Methods: Wistar male rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (group A), balloon injury group (group B) and diabetes + balloon injury group (group C). Streptozotocin (STZ) was injected into rat abdomen to induce diabetes. After stabilizing high glucose, rats in group B and group C were both under aortic balloon injury technique and fed high lipid forage post-operatively. Glucose levels and weight were observed weekly. Segments of aortoa of three groups were taken at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks, staining of senescent β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining, HE and changes of aorta under light microscope were observed. The area of tunica intima (I) and tunica media (M) in aorta was measured, and their ratio (I/M) were analyzed. Expressions of gamma-histong family 2A variant (γ-H2AX), phosphorylated ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), phosphorylated checkpoint kinasen 2 (CHK2) and phosphorylated P53 were detected by immunohistochemical staining., Results: SA-β-gal staining positive areas were dotted around in group B and group C [CM(155.3mm]but not in group A at two weeks. At the same time, a slight hyperlasia of aortic neointima was observed in HE staining of group B and group C. SA-β-gal staining was positive scattered within the tunica intima of aorta of group B and group C at four weeks, and HE staining promted a significantly greater of aortic neointima in the group C than that in the other two group ( P <0.05). Positive regions of SA-β-gal staining were more in group C than group B at six weeks. Typical atherosclerotic plaques were formed, vascular smooth muscle cells were disordered arranged and foam cells were aggregated in the plaques of group C at six weeks post-operatively, and intimal membrane areas increased than group A and group B ( P <0.05). At 8 weeks, SA-β-gal positive areas in group C were greater than in group B. The arteriolar wall was markedly thickened and the lumen was narrowed. The area of intimal membrane and the I/M radio were significantly greater in group C than those in group A and group B ( P <0.05). Positive expressed of γ-H2AX, phosphorylated ATM, phosphorylated CHK2 and phosphorylated P53 were observed in typical atherosclerotic foci of group C, and weaker expressed in group B., Conclusion: Cellular senescence of vascular edothelium is triggered and DNA double-strain damage is increased in diabetes. The DNA double-strain damage repairing machines may participate in the development of diabetic atherosclerosis.

Objective: To construct a replication-deficient herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) for delivering a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting vesicular glutamate transporter 3 (VGLUT3) and observe its effect in alleviating allodynia in mice., Methods: The recombinant HSV-1 vector carrying the shRNA targeting Vglut3 (HSV-1-shvglut3) was constructed and inoculated in the sciatic nerve in a mouse model of mechanical allodynia to test its analgesia effect. Mechanical allodynia and heat hypersensitivity of the mice were tested by von Frey filaments and Hargreaves' test, respectively. VGLUT3 expression in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting., Results: Following inoculation in the sciatic nerve, the HSV vector HSV-1-shvglut3 was retrogradely transported to the DRG. Mechanical withdraw thresholds of the mouse models receiving HSV-1-shvglut3 inoculation were reversed to nearly the baseline level, and VGLUT3 expression in the DRG was down-regulated 2 weeks after vector inoculation. The analgesic effect lasted for over 2 weeks in these mice without obvious systematic side effects or changes in heat hypersensitivity threshold., Conclusion: Vglut3 in the DRG is a promising therapeutic target for alleviating mechanical allodynia, and HSV-1 vector-mediated RNA interference is safe and efficient for inducing long-lasting analgesia after peripheral inoculation of the vector.

Objective: To investigate the factors influencing the prognosis of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants., Methods: A total of 194 VLBW infants who were admitted from January 2012 to December 2014 were enrolled as study subjects. According to cardiac ultrasound findings and treatment outcome, these infants were divided into non-PDA group, spontaneous closure group, pharmaceutical closure group, and surgical closure group. Their clinical and echocardiographic characteristics were analyzed., Results: The spontaneous closure rate of PDA was 58.7%. The spontaneous closure group showed significantly higher gestational age, birth weight, and proportion of small-for-gestational-age infants than the pharmaceutical and surgical closure groups (P<0.05). The pharmaceutical and surgical closure groups had a significantly higher incidence rate of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and a significantly higher proportion of infants who were given pulmonary surfactant (PS) than the spontaneous closure group (P<0.05). During different periods of time, the spontaneous closure group had a significantly smaller ductus arteriosus diameter than the pharmaceutical and surgical closure groups (P<0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age, application of PS, and ductus arteriosus diameter at 48 hours were significantly associated with the prognosis of PDA. The major transductal flow pattern in the spontaneous closure group was closing pattern, while in the pharmaceutical and surgical closure groups, the main flow patterns were pulmonary hypertension and growing patterns within 48 hours and growing pattern on days 4 and 7., Conclusions: The VLBW infants have a high spontaneous closure rate of PDA. A decreased closure rate of PDA is associated with the lower gestational age and the application of PS. PDA with a large ductus arteriosus diameter and a growing or pulsatile flow pattern cannot easily achieve spontaneous closure.

Objective: To develop and evaluate the short version of patient reported outcomes (PROs) questionnaire for gastric stuffiness (Wei Pi) patients with modern test theory and technologies, hoping to provide testing tools for related clinical practice and scientific researches with higher quality and less administrative and response burdens., Methods: Using descriptive study design, clinical data were collected with sociological questionnaire and previous developed full items version of PROs instrument for gastric stuffiness (Wei Pi) patients via field and online surveys between Sep 2011 and Mar 2012. The statistical analysis group identified the termination parameters firstly, and then selected items with discrimination, fitting residual, item information curve (IIC) , item characteristic curve (ICC), and the rank of computerized adaptive testing (CAT) select proportion, etc. After assumption evaluation of item response theory (IRT), IIC, ICC, difficulty coefficient distribution, items-response relation and thresholds, etc. were used for psychometric evaluation of instrument., Results: A total of 331 patients [Ages: 31.99 +/- 10.29 yrs; Male: 186 (56.3%)] were enrolled in statistical analysis. The test termination criterion was Max SE = 0.2 or Max items number =16. After items selection, a 15-item short version of instrument, which contains symptoms facet (8 items) and impact facet (7 items) was generated. With good unidimensionality, local independence, and monotonicity, the IC and ICC in IRT analysis showed good working capability of the questionnaire. The difficulty coefficient distribution and items-response relation were also rational, as well as response thresholds., Conclusions: The short version of PROs instrument for adult gastric stuffiness (Wei Pi) patients was successfully developed and assessed. The instrument with good methodological and reporting quality could be used in clinical and scientific evaluating their symptoms and impact.

The extensive use of veterinary tetracycline in the stock husbandry has led to the increasingly serious environmental pollution, the tetracycline resistance genes induced by which could bring more hazardous environmental risk than veterinary tetracycline. This study investigated the effects of environmental factors on the formation of several typical tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetC). The results showed that temperature, light and pH could have impacts on the formation of tetracycline resistance genes in soil, the amounts of the tetracycline resistance bacteria and resistance genes induced in different treatments all reached the maximum in the proper environmental condition (25 degrees C, 500 lx, pH7.5), which were all significantly higher than those in other environmental conditions (P < 0.05). In contrast, the adverse condition such as high temperature, strong light and high pH could effectively inhibit the formation of tetracycline resistance genes, probably due to the reduction of tetracycline residues or the direct influence on the formation of tetracycline resistance genes. And the results also showed that environmental factors could affect the growth of tetracycline resistance bacteria. Further analysis proved that the content of tetracycline resistance gene in soil had a positive correlation with the number of tetracycline resistance bacteria in the studied samples, therefore an inferred result was concluded that the growth of tetracycline resistance bacteria played a key role in the formation of the tetracycline resistance genes.

We conducted a greenhouse experiment to test how clonal integration affected the growth responses of Spartina anglica to light intensity heterogeneity in light availability and whether such effects depended on contrast light intensity. The experiment had three homogeneous treatments and two heterogeneous treatments. In the homogeneous treatments, both ramets of a connected ramet pair were unshaded (high light intensity), moderately shaded (medium light intensity, 70% of the high light intensity) and deeply shaded (low light intensity, 30% of the high light intensity). In the heterogeneous treatments, one ramet of a pair was unshaded, but its connected ramet was either moderately shaded (low light intensity contrast) or deeply shaded (high light intensity contrast). In the homogeneous treatments, biomass of S. anglica was significantly higher in the high light intensity treatment than in the medium and low light intensity treatments. Number of leaves, root length, and total biomass were significantly higher in the shaded ramet in the heterogeneous treatment with low light intensity contrast than in the ramet in the homogeneous treatment with medium light intensity. Final size and mass were not significantly different between the unshaded ramet in the heterogeneous treatment with low light intensity contrast and the ramets in the homogeneous high light intensity treatment. These results suggested that clonal integration benefitted a shaded ramet with little cost to an unshaded ramet when contrast in light intensity was low. However, effects of clonal integration were not significant when contrast was high. It therefore appeared that effects of clonal integration on the growth of S. anglica did not increase with increasing light intensity contrast. In natural habitats, clonal integration might improve growth of S. anglica when its ramets are moderately shaded by other plants but not when they are deeply shaded.

Objective: To investigatethe expressions of NKG2A, NKG2C receptors and their ligand HLA-E in decidua of preeclampsia patients., Methods: Decidua tissues were collected from 30 patients with mild preeclampsia, 42 patients with severe preeclampsia and 46 normal pregnancy as contrast. The expressions of NKG2A, NKG2C protein were detected by immunohistochemitry and mRNAs of NKG2A, NKG2C and HLA-E genes were detected by RT-PCR., Results: The expression of HLA-E mRNA was significantly decreased in preeclampsia, especially in severe preeclampsia patients (P < 0.05); The mRNA and protein expression of NKG2A, NKG2C in severe preeclampsia group were significantly higher than that in normal pregnancy group (P < 0.05); In the severe preeclampsia group, the ratio of expression level of NKG2A and NKG2C was significantly lower than that of normal group and the mRNA and protein expression of NKG2C receptor were both significantly higher than that of NKG2A (P < 0.05); The mRNA expression level of HLA-E, NKG2A and NKG2C were closely related with clinical and biochemical indexes,such as blood pressure of late pregnancy and 24-hour proteinuria., Conclusion: The decreased expression of HLA-E and the unevenly increase of NKG2A and NKG2C may involve in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.

Objective: To observe the effects of neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) on the patient-ventilator synchrony, gas exchange, and ventilatory parameters in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) during mechanical ventilation., Methods: Ten preterm infants with RDS received mechanical ventilation in NAVA mode for 60 minutes and in synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) mode for 60 minutes, and the two modes were given in a random order. The vital signs, patient-ventilator synchrony, blood gas values, and ventilatory parameters were compared between the two ventilation modes., Results: Inspiratory trigger delay was significantly shorter with NAVA than with SIMV (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in arterial pH, PaCO2, PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 between the two modes. The spontaneous respiratory rate, peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), electrical activity of the diaphragm and work of breathing were significantly lower in NAVA than in SIMV (P<0.05)., Conclusions: Compared with SIMV, NAVA appears to improve patient-ventilator synchrony, decrease PIP, and reduce diaphragmatic muscle load and work of breathing in preterm infants with RDS during mechanical ventilation.

Objective: To assess the diagnostic value of amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) in predicting outcome of newborns who were at high risk for central nervous system without severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy., Methods: Forty-two consecutive patients at risks for neurological disorders referred to our level-III NICU were prospectively enrolled in the study over a period of 3 years. They were classified on the basis of their primary diagnoses including hypoglycemic brain damage, meningoencephalitis, bilirubin encephalopathy, and metabolic disease. Clinical data were collected. Amplitude-integrated and raw EEG tracings were assessed for background pattern, sleep-wake cycling, and epileptiform activity. The neuromotor development of survivors was assessed by using the Infant Neurological International Battery (INFANIB)., Result: The characteristic of aEEG tracings in 42 infants showed continuous normal voltage (CNV)(n = 15), discontinuous voltage (DC)(n = 9), burst-suppression (BS) BS(+) (n = 6), BS(-)(n = 7), flat (FT, n = 5); mature sleep-wake cycling (SWC, n = 4), immature SWC (n = 14), no SWC (n = 24); 30 infants (71.4%) had electrical seizures: single seizure (n = 6); repetitive seizures (n = 7), and status epilepticus (SE) (n = 17).aEEG of 20 infants who had poor outcome showed FT (n = 5), BS(-)/SE (n = 6), BS(-)/ repetitive seizures (n = 1) , BS(+)/SE (n = 1), BS(+)/repetitive seizures (n = 1), DC/SE(n = 6). Chi-square analysis and Spearman rank correlation analysis showed the classification of aEEG background pattern, SWC and comprehensive score (score system was developed by evaluation of the above 3 variables) were correlated with the outcome of these infants at high neurological risks., Conclusion: Amplitude-integrated electroencephalography can provide important information of the status of cerebral function in neonates at high neurological risk and help to predict their outcome.

Objective: To explore the value of the score for neonatal acute physiology (score for neonatal acute physiology, SNAP) in predicting outcome and risk of surgery of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)., Method: A total of 62 NEC patients in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Zhejiang University Children's Hospital were reviewed from October 2001 to October 2011. All the patients were classified into surgery group and non-surgery group according to whether the patient had the surgical intervention. Also the patients were divided into death group and alive group according to the outcome. Data on gestational age at birth, gender, birth weight, early clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis of all patients were collected. SNAP-II and score for neonatal acute physiology and perinatal extension II (SNAPPE-II) were calculated on the day of diagnosis., Result: Abdominal distension, which was seen in 91.9% of the cases, was the commonest early clinical manifestation. The next was residual and bloody stool. SNAP-II and SNAPPE-II score in surgery group (26.5,26.5) were higher than that of the non-surgery group (13.0, 13.0,P = 0.002, 0.006). And the same scores in death group (29.0,32.0) were higher than those in the alive group (8.0, 8.0) (P = 0.000, 0.000). Measuring the scores as a predictor of surgery, the area under ROC curve for SNAP-II was 0.745, and was 0.714 for SNAPPE-II. The area under ROC curve for SNAP-II was 0.916, and was 0.929 for SNAPPE-II.The best positive point of SNAP-II and SNAPPE-II for predicting surgery was 22 and 28. The best positive point of SNAP-II and SNAPPE-II for predicting death was 18.5 and 22., Conclusion: The SNAP-II and SNAPPE-II score may be used to predict the prognosis and the risk of surgery in the NEC patients. The scores are also good predictors of mortality in the early period when NEC occurs.

Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatments and outcomes of perinatal autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease., Methods: The clinical data of one case with infantile polycystic kidney disease diagnosed in perinatal stage and the reports of 11 cases seen in the past 15 years searched in Pubmed, OVID and Elsevier and CNKI, Wanfang database by using the polycystic kidney disease, infant, perinatal, autosomal recessive and case report as keyword were reviewed and analyzed., Results: The infant was characterized by huge kidneys, severe respiratory and renal compromise. The kidneys were symmetrically enlarged and highly echogenic by ultrasonographic examination and showed high-signal intensity on T2-weighted images by MRI. Histologic analysis showed pulmonary hypoplasia, numerous dilated and elongated tubular structures in the kidney and dilated intrahepatic biliary ducts. Among the 12 cases, 8 cases' presumptive diagnosis was made by prenatal ultrasound revealed enlarged kidneys and oligohydramnios. All cases suffered respiratory distress after birth, and 5 cases complicated pneumothorax. 6 cases died in neonatal stage because of respiratory failure.1 case died 2 m after birth because of renal failure. Five cases are alive and underwent dialysis, nephrectomy or renal transplant., Conclusion: Newborn infants with perinatal autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease often have poor outcome and died from respiratory and renal failure. Aggressive respiratory support and renal replacement therapy (including nephrectomy, dialysis and transplantation) may give these infants a favorable outcome.

Objective: To characterize amplitude-integrated electroencephalo graphic (aEEG) traces in neonates with acute bilirubin encephalopathy (ABE), explore the value of aEEG in early diagnosis and prediction of neurological outcome of ABE., Method: aEEG records of 10 cases with ABE (Oct 2009-Nov 2011) were reviewed to identify neonates with a diagnosis of ABE. Clinical data were collected. The aEEG traces were classified according to background activity (normal, moderate, or severely abnormal), presence of seizures and sleep-wake cycling (SWC). Brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were studied. The neuromotor development of survivors with ABE was assessed by using the Infant Neurological International Battery (INFANIB)., Result: The characteristics of aEEG tracings in these infants with ABE were shown continuous normal voltage (CNV, n = 5), discontinuous voltage (DNV, n = 4), discontinuous voltage with burst-suppression (BS)BS+ (n = 1); mature SWC (n = 2), immature SWC (n = 5), no SWC (n = 3); 8 infants (80%) had electrical seizures: single seizure (n = 2); repetitive seizures (n = 2), and status epilepticus (SE) (n = 4). Among the 10 infants with ABE, no infants had normal aEEG, 3 had mildly abnormal aEEG, and 7 had severely abnormal aEEG. Eight infants accepted BAEP test, 2 were mildly abnormal and 6 were severely abnormal. Six infants accepted MRI, 1 was normal and 5 were abnormal. By chi-square analysis and Spearman rank correlation analysis, the results of aEEG classification were correlated with the phase of ABE and the severity of BAEP. These infants were followed up for more than 6 months (range 6 months to 1 year). In 3 infants with mildly abnormal aEEG, 2 were normal and 1 was transit in infanib score at 6 months of age. Of 7 infants with severely abnormal aEEG, 1 died, 3 were abnormal (2 Spastic dyskinesia and 1 hypotonia), 2 were transit in infanib score at 6 months old. 1 lost to follow-up., Conclusion: Amplitude-integrated electroencephalography can provide important information of the status of cerebral function in neonates with ABE and help to predict its neurological outcome.

Objective: To explore the effects of trimetazidine therapy on left ventricular (LV) function after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)., Methods: A total of 106 patients with unstable angina pectoris underwent successful elective PCI were randomly assigned to standard therapy group (control, n = 55) or trimetazidine group (n = 51, 60 mg trimetazidine loading dose prior to PCI followed by 20 mg Tid after PCI on top of standard therapy). cTnI level was measured before and at 16-18 hours after PCI. LV function was evaluated by echocardiography and major adverse cardiac events (MACE, including death, re-infarction and target vessel revascularization) at 12 months after PCI was compared between the two groups., Results: Post procedural cTnI level increased from [0.02 (0.01, 0.03)] µg/L at baseline to [0.11 (0.07, 0.13)] µg/L (P < 0.05) at 16-18 hours in the trimetazidine group, while [0.02(0.01, 0.03)] µg/L to [1.31(0.44, 2.31)] µg/L in the control group (P < 0.05). Post procedural cTnI level was significantly reduced in the trimetazidine group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). At 12 months follow-up, left ventricular ejection fraction in the trimetazidine group was significantly higher than in control group [(65.65 ± 3.94)% vs. (62.29 ± 3.06)%, P < 0.01] while incidence of MACE was similar between the two groups., Conclusion: Trimetazidine can reduce the post-PCI cTnI release and improve left ventricular function after PCI in patients with unstable angina pectoris.

Objective: To explore the Infant Neurological International Battery (Infanib) as a screening tool for early detection of gross motor developmental delay in preterm infants discharged from NICU, and to predict their later neuromotor dysfunction (cerebral palsy or motor retardation)., Methods: A cohort of preterm infants who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit between June 2008 and March 2010 were enrolled in the study. Infanib assessment was performed at corrected age 3-4 months and 6-7 months. Peabody Developmental Motor scale-2 (PDMS-2) and neuro-examinations were used to confirm the last motor retardation. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the Infanib were calculated., Results: A total of 147 preterm infants were participated in this study, and 129 infants were followed up at correct age 12 months or more than 12 months. Eleven (8.5%) had celebral palsy, 28 (21.7%) had motor retardation, and 90 (69.8%) normal mortor development. The predictive validity of the Infanib at correct age 3-4 months (n=14) was: sensitivity 84.6%, specificity 75.6%, positive predictive value 60.0% and negative predictive value 91.9%. The predictive validity of the Infanib at correct age 6-7 months (n=117) was: sensitivity 100%, specificity 91.7%, positive predictive value 82.5% and negative predictive value 100%., Conclusions: The Infanib can be used as an appropriate screening tool and validity measurement for early detection of gross motor developmental delay in preterm infants.

Objective: To evaluate the high-risk factors, prognostic factors, and operation time for surgical intervention in the treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in neonates., Methods: Sixty-two NEC neonates who received treatment in the neonatal intensive care unit from October 2001 to October 2011 were enrolled. Patients were assigned to surgery (n=20) and non-surgery groups (n=42). The two groups were compared with respect to general data, complications, clinical symptoms, laboratory examination results, treatment and prognosis., Results: Compared with non-surgery group, the surgery group had significantly higher rates of respiratory distress syndrome, gurgling sound disappearance, C-reactive protein increase, platelet count decrease, positive blood culture, pneumoperitoneum and fixed intestinal loop on X-ray, and mechanical ventilation (P<0.05). Cured patients in the surgery group had significantly lower rates of circulation failure and multiple bowel perforations than patients who died (P<0.05), as shown by the prognostic factor analysis. Of the 20 patients in the surgery group, 19 (95%) underwent operation within one week after diagnosis of NEC and 15 survived the operation., Conclusions: There are multiple risk factors in surgical intervention for NEC. Bowel lesions and circulation failure are associated with postoperative prognosis. The operation is usually performed within one week after diagnosis of NEC.

Objective: To investigate the association of Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection with the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), to compare the clinical manifestations and prognosis of BPD infants with or without Ureaplasma urealyticum infection., Method: Data were retrospectively collected between January 2004 and June 2011. All infants whose gestational age was ≤ 32 w and survived at 36 w were included in this study. Endotracheal aspirates were collected for UU polymerase chain reaction (PCR) within the first 48 hr of life. Statistical analyses were performed by using SPSS 11.5 software. The clinical characteristics of infants in the two groups were compared. The association of UU infection and BPD was analyzed and the clinical manifestations and prognosis of BPD in the two groups were compared., Result: The results of PCR for UU were positive while that for other pathogens were negative in 168 infants whose chest X rays confirmed pulmonary inflammatory changes (UU group). The results of PCR for UU were negative in 393 infants (non-UU group). Except for premature rupture of membranes >24 hr, the rates of vaginal delivery, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) and surfactant use, there was no significant difference in the demographics and other baseline clinical characteristics of the two groups. The incidence of BPD was higher in UU group than in non-UU group and there was statistically significant difference in severity of BPD (P = 0.044, 0.031). The infants had been followed up until they were 1 year old. Compared to infants in non-UU group, infants in UU group showed no significant differences in the rate of death of pulmonary infection in moderate and severe BPD infants, the same as the rates of BPD infants hospitalized again or hospitalized more than 2 times because of pulmonary infection or/and wheezing episode in the first year after birth., Conclusion: Preterm infants infected with UU were more likely to have BPD than non-UU infants. BPD infants associated with UU infection were more severe than that in non-UU infants. Prognosis of BPD infants associated with UU infection was similar to that of the infants whose BPD was not associated with UU infection.

In order to study the underlying electrode-nerve functional mechanism, optimize the electrode design and guide the prosthesis application, we applied finite element method to analyze the spatial distribution of electric field generated by optic nerve electrical stimulation with spiral cuff electrode. A macroscopic cylindrical model of optic nerve was elaborated, taking into account of electrode contact configurations and possible variations of the thickness of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). By building an appropriate mesh on this model and under some boundary conditions, the finite element method was applied to compute the 3D electric field generated by the electrode with finite element software COMSOL Multiphysics. The stimulation results indicated that, under the same conditions of stimulation, the longitudinal tripolar electrode structure could generate larger current density than that of biopolar electrode structure (located in the opposite of nerve trunk). However biopolar electrode structure requirs less leads, and is more easily implanted. By means of parametric sweep, the results suggest that, with the increase of the CSF thickness and a higher conductivity of CSF than those of other tissues, the distribution of electric field generated by electrodes is extended but scattered, and the diffuse current distribution makes nerve stimulation less effective.

Objective: To study the different clinical effects of using 5 kinds of hemostatic surgeries to manage the intractable postpartum hemorrhage and analyse the risk factors of failed hemostasis., Methods: From Jan. 2007 to Jul. 2011, 96 patients with intractable postpartum hemorrhage were studied retrospectively and grouped by the first step surgical treatment. The hemostatic surgeries included uterine tamponade (tamponade group), pelvic blood vessels ligation (ligation group), pelvical arterial embolization (embolization group), uterine compression sutures (sutures group) and uterine compression sutures combining tamponade (combined group). The intraoperative and postoperation datum were compared among groups, so dose the treatment outcomes. Multivariate analysis were used for failed hemostasis., Results: (1) The blood loss of 96 patients ranged from 1200 to 9100 ml, and 71 patients had a succeed hemoatasis after employing these surgeries and 25 failed. (2) The blood loss before hemostasis surgeries in tamponade group and embolization group was statistically greater than in sutures group (P < 0.05). Blood loss during the hemostasis surgeries in ligation group was statistically greater than in embolization and sutures groups (P < 0.05). The operating time of embolization group was statistically shorter than ligation group, sutures group and the combined group (P < 0.05). (3) Fine of 96 patients had uterine atony and 43 had a successful hemostasis with the success rate about 78%. Forty-six had placenta previa and 39 success with success rate 85%. Thirty-three had placenta accrete and 13 of which succeed in hemostasis with success rate about 39%. In patients with uterine atony and placenta previa, the difference of hemostasis rate in groups had no statistically significant (P > 0.05). In patients with placenta accrete, the hemostasis rate in embolization group was higher than in others groups (P < 0.01). (4) The multivariate analysis found that scar uterus, placenta accrete and coagulation defects were the risk factors of failed hemotasis. The OR value respectively was 2.9 (95%CI: 1.1 - 7.6), 17.9 (95%CI: 5.6 - 56.3) and 16.2 (95%CI: 3.2 - 83.5). Embolization had some extent of protective effection (OR = 0.9, 95%CI: 0.8 - 0.9)., Conclusions: (1) Five kinds of hemostatic surgeries were all effective. Though the success rate among groups did show statistical difference, pelvical arterial embolization has the comparative advantage of shorter operating time, less operating blood loss and higher success rate in placenta accrete. (2) Since scar uterus, placenta accrete and coagulation defects were the risk factors of failed hemostasis, sufficient preparation should be made for patients with these risk factors and the hemostatic surgeries should be choosed individually.