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Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics and outcomes of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) in patients with adrenal insufficiency (AI), and analyze the risk factors of outcomes. Methods The clinical data of COVID-19 patients with AI in Peking Union Medical College Hospital in December 2022 were analyzed retrospectively and the patients were followed up to collect outcomes of their diseases. Results Among 28 COVID-19 patients with AI, 20 cases (71.4%) received basal corticosteroid replacement. Among the 18 patients with community-acquired COVID-19, 11 cases (61.1%) increased the corticosteroid dosage proactively at home. The most common symptoms of COVID-19 were fever (96.4%), gastrointestinal symptoms (82.1%) and consciousness disturbance (78.6%). Occurrence of severe consciousness disturbance was associated with older age and lower basal corticosteroid replacement dose(P＜0.05). Adrenal crisis(AC) occurred in 20 patients(71.4%), which was associated with lower basal corticosteroid replacement dose, hypochloremia, lower eosinophil, lower platelet, and longer activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT)(P＜0.05). 2 patients died during hospitalization.26.3 % (5/19) of surviving patient′s recovered consciousness longer than 48 hours. Delayed recovery of consciousness was associated with lower systolic pressure, higher blood creatinine, and higher fibrinogen(P＜0.05). Long COVID-19 symptoms such as fatigue and poor appetite occurred in 48.0 % (12/25) of patients. Among patients with increased corticosteroid dosage, 50.0 % (12/24) had their dose reduced to baseline within 3 weeks. Conclusions COVID-19 patients with AI have a high frequency of consciousness disturbance and AC. AI patients are lack of awareness of adjusting corticosteroid dosage proactively in case of infection stress, thus education of “sick day rules” for AI patients should be strengthened in clinical practice.

Adreno-cortical carcinoma (ACC) is an uncommon tumor, some of them may produce excessive steroid hormone. The prognosis of ACC is quite poor and current treatment options are relatively limited, especially for patients whose tumor is metastatic and difficult to remove by surgical operation. This makes the management of ACC challenging. Existing studies have shown that the mechanisms of ACC are complex. The molecular changes happen in adrenocortical development and homeostasis may explain the occurrence of ACC. This review focuses on recent studies and summarizes the genetic and molecular mechanism changes that potentially associated with ACC in the development process of the adrenal cortex and multi-omics studies, including genomic changes, epigenetic changes, differences in non-coding RNA, immune microenvironment and features found through multi-omics analysis. This information may support screening of therapeutic targets of ACC in future.

Depression is a common cause of human disability and death. Some patients are not sensitive to antidepressants, and also the recurrence rate is very high. Unfortunately, there are many problems with existing antidepressants. So, it is urgent to find a new antidepressant aiming at multiple targets. Recently, researchers have found that soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex is closely related to the progression of depression. This review discusses the potential mechanisms of the SNARE complex in glial cells, and hopes to contribute to the understanding of depression and provide new ideas for clinical development of novel antidepressant drugs.

In order to explore the quality characteristics of ‘Akizuki’ pear fruit (Pyrus pyrifolia) from different regions, the quality indexes of pear fruit from six geographical origins were determined, and gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) was used to determine their volatile aromatic compounds. The results showed that the titratable acid content of pear fruit from Ningling, Henan province was significantly higher than that of pear fruit from the other regions. There were significant differences in the contents of soluble solids, total flavonoids, and total phenols among some regions (P < 0.05). Totally 76 volatile aroma components were identified in the pericarp and pulp of pear fruit from the six different regions, including 23 esters, 20 aldehydes, 11 alcohols, 4 ketones, 1 olefin, 3 acids, and 14 other compounds. There were 24 more volatile aroma components in the pericarp than in the pulp. The unique volatile aroma components including isobutyl acetate, methyl butyrate, and isovaleraldehyde were detected in pear fruit from Weixian, Hebei province when compared with the other regions. Similarity analysis from fingerprints showed clear distinction among pear fruit from different regions. This study has provided information about the quality and aroma characteristics of ‘Akizuki’ pear fruit from different regions, and demonstrated that GC-IMS has potential application prospects for geographical origin differentiation and traceability of ‘Akizuki’ pear fruit.

Based on the volume of fluid multiphase flow model and the overset mesh technique, a numerical method for an asynchronous parallel oblique water-entry super-cavitating projectile was established. Experimental studies of the oblique water-entry of a high-speed single-launch projectile were carried out to validate the viability of the numerical method. The paper performed the numerical simulations and analyses of cavity evolution and motion characteristics of the front and rear projectiles in different initial intervals and in two sequences of top-side water-entry projectile first and bottom-side water-entry projectile first. The results show that when the initial interval of the first launch projectile is 0.5 time the projectile length, the first launch projectile cannot produce a cavity to completely encapsulate the projectile due to the violent squeezing of the following launch projectile cavity, and its movement is seriously affected and eventually loses its trajectory stability. At the same time, the first launch projectile that enters water from top side is squeezed to a larger degree than the one from bottom side, and the wetting phenomenon occurs earlier and loses stability faster. As the initial interval increases, the influence of the following launch projectile cavity near the first launch projectile is weakened, and the first launch projectile in both water entry sequences move steadily. For the following launch projectile, due to the continuous influence of the first launch projectile cavity, its cavity is always asymmetrical, and its motion stability is affected. The following launch projectile deflects to the inner side and destabilizes when the initial interval is 0.5 times the projectile length. When the initial interval is 1 time the projectile length, it moves steadily. It deflects to the outer side and destabilizes when the initial interval is 2 and 3 times the projectile length. In addition, the motion characteristics of the following launch projectile are basically identical in two water-entry sequences.

When metal connecting board of solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) are used for long time in a medium-to-high temperature environment (600～800 ℃), severe surface oxidation increases the internal resistance of the electrolytic cell, and the volatilization of Cr from the metal substrate reduces the electrochemical activity of the electrode. The combined effect of the two leads to severe degradation of the performance of SOEC. In response to the above problems, Mn-Co coating and Mn-Co-La coating were prepared on commercial SUS430 metal substrate by electrophoretic deposition method. Subsequently, with using the process of successively sintering under neutral atmosphere (950 ℃, N2) and oxidizing atmosphere (825 ℃, air) conditions, the strong and dense Mn-Co coatings and Mn-Co-La coatings were obtained. Moreover, the effects of sintering atmosphere and La element doping on coating properties were studied. The morphology, phase composition, element distribution and area specific resistance of the coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, energy spectrometer and four-probe resistivity tester, respectively. Results showed that the coating prepared by electrophoretic co-deposition doping with trace amounts of nano-La2O3 had more uniform and refined grains, which effectively inhibited the overflow of Fe-Cr from the substrate during high-temperature N2 sintering. The results of the 300 h oxidation cycle test at 750 ℃ indicated that compared with the substrate, the sintering process proposed in this work was beneficial to improving the anti-oxidation performance of the coating, and the La-doped coating possessed better performance. Furthermore, the doping of La element effectively slowed down the volatilization of Cr in the substrate, which made the area specific resistance lower and more stable, and improved the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the Mn-Co spinel coating.

Adrenal insufficiency is a disease characterized by insufficient secretion of adrenocortical hormones, usually treated with glucocorticoid replacement therapy. The routine drugs have two forms-short-acting and long-acting. The shorter one should be taken 2-3 times a day resulting hormone level of patients fluctuating greatly within a day. Although long-acting drugs reduce the frequency of administration, it is easy to lead to excessive replacement, resulting in adverse effects on metabolism. New alternative treatments for adult patients have emerged, including modified-release hydrocortisone and hydrocortisone subcutaneous infusion pumps. In this review, we briefly introduce these new therapies, emphasizing the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the replacement, the effects on metabolism and drug safety, aiming at contributing to the future clinical practice.

Based on the theory of Traditional Chinese medicine, the five-element music therapy uses the ancient Chinese five-tone scale, including Gong(do), Shang(rei), Jiao(mi), Zi(sou) and Yu(la), to regulate the five internal organs, so as to regulate Qi and blood, relieve emotional and mental stress and eliminate diseases. At present, five-element music has been widely used, which can play a good effect on pain, anxiety, insomnia and other symptoms. This paper summarized the clinical application of Traditional Chinese Medicine five-element music, in order to provide reference for the further research and clinical practice. (中医五行音乐疗法以中医学理论为基础, 运用“宫、商、角、徵、羽”五个声阶来调节五脏从而调和气血、调节情志以养生祛病。五行音乐疗法在临床应用广泛, 在减轻疼痛、缓解焦虑、改善失眠等方面均取得了良好效果。本文就中医五行音乐疗法临床应用进行总结, 以期为该疗法的进一步研究提供参考。)

This paper summarized the Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing measures for a patient with ankylosing spondylitis. Key issues of nursing included procedure of moxibustion and hot compress technique with Chinese herbal medicine package, targeted living guidance, dietary intervention, functional exercise and psychological care. Based on the TCM theory, moxibustion and hot compress technique with Chinese herbal medicine package is effective to relieve the pain induced by ankylosing spondylitis, and improve p function of waist joint and quality of life of the patient. (本文总结了强直性脊柱炎(AS)的相关护理经验, 包括艾灸、中药热奄包的操作方法和注意事项以及针对性的生活指导、饮食调护、功能锻炼、心理干预等护理措施。基于中医理论指导, 开展艾灸及中药热奄包干预有助于改善AS患者疼痛症状, 改善腰部功能, 提高日常活动能力。)

This paper summarized the nursing measures for a rheumatoid arthritis patient treated by wax therapy with Chinese herbal medicine. Key issues of nursing included preparation of Chinese herbal medicine and wax, procedure and cautions of wax therapy, life care, dietary intervention, psychological intervention. The wax therapy was conducted based on the syndrome differentiation and prescription selection, and coordinate nursing interventions were carried out to relieve patient’s pain and improve the activity of daily. The wax therapy with Chinese herbal medicine has advantages of easy-to-use, few adverse reactions, low cost and high acceptance among patients. (本文总结中药蜡疗治疗1例类风湿关节炎患者的护理经验, 主要包括中药膏以及蜡块的制作、蜡疗操作方法、注意事项以及生活指导、饮食调护、心理干预等护理配合。通过辨证分型, 选取针对性药方和穴位, 同时配合相关护理, 能有效缓类风湿关节炎痹患者疼痛症状, 提高其日常生活能力, 且中药蜡疗技术操作简单、不良反应少、成本低, 患者也更易于接受。)

This paper summarized the effect of hot compress technique with Chinese herbal medicine package in a patient with knee osteoarthritis and related nursing management. Health education, hot compress technique with Chinese herbal medicine package and continuous nursing were carried out to relieve the joint pain symptoms of the. The visual scale of Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC scale) was used as the evaluation standard. The scores of WOMAC scale decreased, the scores of pain, stiffness and daily activity decreased, and the clinical symptoms improved after intervention. The hot compress technique with Chinese herbal medicine package is potentially effective to alleviate the joint symptoms of patients with knee osteoarthritis, delay the development of the disease and improve the quality of life. (本文回顾1例膝骨关节炎患者应用中药热奄包的治疗效果及护理经验。对患者进行健康教育, 开展中药热奄包技术和延续性护理, 采用骨性关节炎指数可视化量表(WOMAC量表)评价干预效果。干预后WOMAC量表各项评分均降低, 患者疼痛、僵硬、日常活动能力评分降低, 临床症状改善明显。中药热奄包技术能够明显缓解骨痹患者的关节症状, 延缓病情发展, 提高患者的生活质量。)

Objective To detect factors associated with recurrence after nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) in patients with localized clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), and to construct a model for predicting the recurrence risk in five years following NSS. Methods Data of the patients who underwent NSS for renal occupied lesions between January 2006 and July 2019 at Peking University Third Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the factors associated with recurrence of ccRCC after NSS, and a nomogram was established to predict recurrence risk in 5 years following NSS. Results Totally 795 patients who were pathologically diagnosed with ccRCC were included in the study. Recurrence occurred in 17 cases, with the recurrence rate 2.1%. The median time to relapse was 35.7 months. In the univariable analysis, BMI (HR=4.102, P＜ 0.05), the artery blocking time (HR=0.194, P＜ 0.01) and tumor necrosis or sarcomatoid change (HR=5.160, P＜ 0.01) were associated with recurrence-free survival of the ccRCC patients after NSS. The multivariate analysis showed that these three factors were independent factors of recurrence. The accuracy of our nomogram for recurrence risk was verified using internal validation, and the value of c-index was 0.843. Conclusions BMI, artery blocking time and tumor necrosis or sarcomatoid change were independent factors for recurrence following NSS in the ccRCC patients. An accurate model to predict the recurrence risk is constructed, which may help to provide personalized managements for the aforementioned patients after NSS.

Objective To investigate the serum levels of angiopoietin-like protein-3 (ANGPTL3) and nuclear factor of active T cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATcl ) in patients with cerebral infarction, and their relationship with the severity and prognosis of the disease. Methods A total of 180 patients with cerebral infarction set as cerebral infarction group who underwent treatment in our hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were collected as research subjects. According to the NIHSS score, the patients were divided into mild group (n = 68), moderate group (n = 76, and severe group (re = 36), respectively. According to the mRS Score, they were divided into a good prognosis group (n = 117) and a poor prognosis group (re = 63). Another 180 healthy people were enrolled as the control group. The levels of serum ANGPTL3 and NFATc1 were compared among the groups. Multivariate logistic regression was adopted to analyze the influencing factors of prognosis in the patients with cerebral infarction. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of serum ANGPTL3 and NFATc1 on the prognosis of the patients with cerebral infarction. Results The serum levels of ANGPTL3 and NFATc1 in the cerebral infarction group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The levels of serum ANGPTL3 and NFATc1 were significantly increased in an ascending order across the mild, moderate, and severe groups (P < 0.05). The volume of cerebral infarction, white blood cell count, ANGPTL3, and NFATc1 levels in the patients with poor prognosis were significantly higher than those in the patients with good prognosis (P < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that cerebral infarction volume, white blood cell count, ANG-PTL3, and NFATc1 were the influencing factors of the prognosis of cerebral infarction patients (P < 0.05). The levels of ANGPTL3 and NFATc1 together were more effective than they were alone in predicting the prognosis of the patients with cerebral infarction (Zcombined detection- ANGPTL3 = 3.345, Zcombined detection - NFATc1 = 2.898; P = 0.001, 0.004). Conclusion The serum levels of ANGPTL3 and NFATc1 in patients with cerebral infarction are significantly increased, with the increase amplitude depending on the severity of the condition. ANGPTL3 and NFATc1, when combined, are more effective and valuable for predicting the prognosis of cerebral infarction patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore clinical and genetic manifestation of pheochromocytoma patients with RET gene mutation. Methods Clinical data, laboratory examination results and RET gene mutations of 23 pheochromocytoma patients with RET mutation treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2013 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Results The diagnosis age of pheochromocytoma in 23 patients was 32±10 years. In 22 patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) 2A, mutations were clustered in exon 16 (18 cases), especially in codon 634 (16 cases), followed by exon 10 and 14, and one patient with MEN2B had M918T in exon 16. Among the 23 patients, 9 had paroxysmal hypertension, 5 had sustained hypertension, 3 were normotensive, and 6 had episodic palpitations but their blood pressures were not measured during the attacks. 24 h urinary catecholamine excretion was as following: norepinephrine (NE): 65.8 (36.9,235.9) μg/24 h, Epinephrine (E): 5.4 (2.8, 37.2) μg/24 h and Dopamine (DA): 277 (198, 297) μg/24 h. 15 patients had abnormally increased NE, E or DA, while 8 patients had normal catecholamine excretion. The median diameter of the tumors was 4 (3, 6) cm. Fifteen patients had bilateral pheochromocytoma and 17 had medullary thyroid carcinoma. Conclusions Pheochromocytoma patients with RET mutation are consistent with those reported in western countries in terms of age at diagnosis, tumor size and mutation profile. Most patients have paroxysmal hypertension or normal pressure, and some of them have normal urinary catecholamine excretion, which are potential risk factors of missed diagnosis.

Objective To explore the effect of case-based learning (CBL) combined with hypothalamus-pituitary MDT clinic in clinical teaching of hypothalamus pituitary diseases. Methods The trainees who participated in the hypothalamus-pituitary MDT discussion and CBL teaching in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January to December 2019 were requird to fill in the questionnaire about the learning outcomes before and after participating in hypothalamus-pituitary MDT discussion and teaching. Likert 5 grade score method was used to evaluate the teaching effect. Results Among the 89 trainees,the degree of understanding of pituitary nonfunctional tumors, functional pituitary tumors, diabetes insipidus, differential diagnosis of pituitary stalk thickening, differential diagnosis of pituitary inflammatory diseases, and imaging knowledge of pituitary diseases before participating in hypothalamus-pituitary MDT were 41.57%, 48.31%, 49.44%, 12.36%, 12.36% and 23.60%, respectively. The degree of understanding increased to 74.16%, 76.40%, 82.02%, 73.03%, 78.65% and 86.52% respectively, and there was statistical difference after quantitative score (P＜0.01). Conclusions The teaching mode of hypothalamus-pituitary MDT based on CBL can improve the resident and attending physicians'knowledge about pituitary diseases. This teaching manner is expected to be applied in the clinical teaching of pituitary diseases.

Objective To detect the expression of WNT10B in lung squamous cell carcinoma and to explore the correlation with pathologic feature and prognosis. Methods We collected 75 cases tissue chips of lung squamous cell carcinoma with follow-up information from Shanghai Outdo Biotech Co., ltd. The expression of WNT10B protein was examined by immunohistochemistry. Chi-squared test was used to analyze the correlation between WNT10B expression and pathological factors. Survival analysis, log-rank test and Cox proportional hazard model were employed to analyze the relationship between WNT10B expression and prognosis of patients. Results The expression of WNT10B in cancerous tissue was significantly higher than matched adjacent non-cancerous tissue (P＜0.001). High expression of WNT10B was significantly correlated with T stage and tumor differentiation (P＜0.05). WNT10B expression was correlated with the prognosis of patients (P＜0.05) and WNT10B was an independent correlation factor for the prognosis (P＜0.05). Conclusions WNT10B is involved in the occurrence and development of lung squamous cell carcinoma and is expected to be a new tumor marker and prognosis indicator.

In the production of small-seed peanut cultivars in South China, landraces with high plants and bred cultivars with dwarf plants were both planted. Thus a differential fertilization strategy had to be figured out according to their nitrogen requirements. In this study, the main landrace with high plants Anhua Xiaozi and improved dwarf cultivar Xianghei Xiaoguo were used as materials. Four compound fertilization rates were set including 0, 450, 600, and 750 kg/hm², representing soil background (CK), low (F30), medium (F40), and high (F50) fertilizer levels. Nitrogen content, accumulation, and distribution were recorded at 4 growth stages. Results showed that, in high landrace Anhua Xiaozi, N content were in the order of pod> leaf> root> stem, while those of dwarf cultivar Xianghei Xiaoguo were in leaf> pod> root> stem. N content in leaves and roots of Anhua Xiaozi was less than dwarf cultivar Xianghei Xiaoguo. The opposite trend was found in stems and pods. The influence degree of increasing fertilizer on N content was in the order of stem> leaf> root> pod, which was beneficial to N assimilation and absorption in vegetative organs. N accumulation in different organs of the 2 materials was leaf> pod> stem> root. Except the seedling stage, N accumulations of the whole plant, leaf and stem in other stages were larger in Anhua Xiaozi stem. N accumulations were both higher in Anhua Xiaozi pods and roots, but only in roots during seedling and podding stages. Fertilization was beneficial to N accumulation in early stages. N distribution rate of both varieties was the highest in leaves, and then in pods and stems. N distribution rate in higher variety were larger in aboveground parts, while the underground parts was the opposite. It indicated that N absorbed by dwarf variety was more conducive to transport to pods. N production efficiency was higher in dwarf Xianghei Xiaoguo. N production efficiency and N partial factor productivity of F40 and F30 treatments were both high, indicated that excessive fertilization decreased N use efficiency. In conclusion, lower response of N accumulation to fertilizer increase was found in dwarf cultivar Xianghei Xiaoguo, with less total accumulation but more distribution in pods. Therefore, in barren and acidic red soil regions in South China, peanut plant architecture should be considered during fertilizer determination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article combines the finite element simulation and experimental verification to study the effect of laser power and scanning velocity on the temperature distribution, and the size of molten pool during selective laser melting, through simulating the laser reciprocating scanning and transformation between powder material and solidified alloy during SLM. A temperature dependent thermal-mechanical properties of materials is considered, which includes the properties conversion between powder layer and solidified alloy. By presenting a comprehensive parameter of laser heat input-laser line energy density, the effect of line energy density on molten pool in Inconel 718 alloy is summarized, and the size of molten pool can be predicted. The results indicate that temperature field isotherm distribution presents as ellipsoid with the effect of moving laser, and in addition, ellipsoid shifts to solidified alloy layer. Within the scope of the study parameters, the laser line energy density and the size of molten pool during the deformation exhibit linear growth relationship. Furthermore, several Inconel 718 alloy specimens in different laser input conditions were produced using SLM equipments, in order to verify the simulated molten pool size. The result shows that experimental measurements are in good agreement with the model predictions.

Soil waterlogging and calcium deficiency are two major abiotic stresses in peanut production in South China. Ridge culture and calcium application have become important to peanut farming. To understand the interaction between peanut and calcium, and also to investigate the suitable ridging model, a three-factor field split plot test was design, including calcium fertilizer, farming model and varieties. Calcium fertilizer was mainly used in plot, with 0 kg/hm² (Ca0) and 750 kg/hm² (Ca1) respectively. The cultivation mode was split area, which included ridge (H) culture and flat (F) culture. Varieties were divided into two zones, Xianghua 2008 (calcium susceptive) and Xianghua 55 (low-calcium tolerant). Effects of different treatments on photosynthetic performance and pod yield at growth stage were investigated by measuring photosynthetic parameters, fluorescence parameters, yield and its factors. Results showed that, after calcium application, photosynthetic characteristics under ridge culture was higher than those under flat culture. The levels of net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, initial fluorescence, maximum fluorescence, maximum photochemical efficiency, potential photochemical activity and variable fluorescence had higher correlation with sensibility of the variety to calcium. The photosynthetic and fluorescence parameters of susceptive varieties treated with calcium were significantly higher than those without calcium, while those of the tolerant variety had no significance. The highest pod yield was observed under Ca1H for both susceptive and tolerant varieties, which was 57.45% and 11.40% higher than that of Ca0F. The main reason was that the application of calcium and ridging could greatly improve the photosynthetic characteristics and fluorescence performance of peanut especially for susceptive variety, thus strengthened the individual, and optimized the population structure. The synergistic improvement was obtained on structural factors of peanut yield, eg. pod number per plant, 100-kernel weight, and 100-pod weight. Therefore, under rainy environment with deficient calcium in South China, combination of calcium application and ridging was suitable for high yield and efficiency peanut cultivation, especially for low-calcium susceptive variety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new parallel symmetric mechanism that can get greater output force was introduced in this article,which was composite of the lever force increasing mechanisms bearing a length effect and the toggle force increasing mechanism based on an angle effect. The working principle of the mechanism was explained in detail,meanwhile,the mechanical analyses were carried out and the characteristic curves were drawn. Finally,the application of this mechanism was given. The mechanism was simple and high-efficiency because it was parallel in construction and function in series.

The Xihuashan tungsten deposit is a typical large quartz-vein type tungsten deposit with systematical study, but researches on chemical composition and spatial distribution regulation of wolframite are relatively less. Based on microscopic mineralogy, the crystal structure, chemical composition, REEs and trace elements, geochemical characteristics of wolframite selected from different levels of Xihuashan tungsten deposit were studied using X-ray Powder Diffraction and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry. The obtained lattice parameters of a0(0.477nm), b0(0.573 nm), c0(0.498 nm), β (90°21') showed that the wolframite belongs to manganese tungsten ore. It is lightly different from lattice parameters of previous studies, which is caused primarily by isomorphous substituting on Fe and Mn. The chemical components of wolframite contain mainly WO3, FeO and MnO, showing some regularity in space, indicating migration features of ore-forming material. The wolframite also contains multiple kinds of trace elements. Sc, Y, Nb and Ta show dynamic changes of content in the vertical direction, which reflect complexity of ore fluid migration. The chondrite-standardized REEs distribution patterns are characterized by left-leaning shapes with high ΣREEs (397.16×10-6-1071.11×10-6), relatively heavy REEs enrichment and strong Eu negative anomaly. By comparing the REEs characteristics of wolframite from four typical tungsten deposits including Xihuashan, Pangushan, Taoxikeng and Dajishan, the results show that the wolframite in the inner contact zone of the granite body is characterized by relatively high ΣREEs with obvious REEs fractionation. Wolframite in the inner granite body and outer contact zone is characterized by relatively low ΣREEs with unobvious REEs fractionation. Wolframite in the outer contact zone of the granite body is characterized by large changes of ΣREEs and REEs contents and fractionation. Wolframite composition characteristics can not only be used to indicate migration features of ore-forming material in space, but also to discriminate ore-forming material sources and ore genesis.

To investigate the regulation effect of polyaspartic acid-chitosan (PAC) on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of spring foxtail millet, this experiment was conducted using foxtail millet varieties of Zhangzagu 13 (Z13) and Huayougu 9 (H9) in Gongzhuling Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (43º29'55"N, 124º48'43"E) in 2020 and 2021. Conventional fertilization (CN) and PAC with fertilization (PN) treatments were set under six nitrogen fertilizer application levels of 0, 75, 112.5, 150, 225, and 337.5 kg hm-2. The results showed that the photosynthetic rate, SPAD value and soluble protein content of flag leaf, net assimilation rate, leaf area duration, and crop growth rate of foxtail millet of two varieties increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application. PN could increase SPAD value and soluble protein content of flag leaf at post anthesis stage and photosynthetic rate of flag leaf at anthesis and mid-filling stage under the same nitrogen application level. Meanwhile, the net assimilation rate, leaf area duration, and crop growth rate of foxtail millet were also increased, which promoting the accumulation of population photosynthate. The increase effect of the items above was more significant under the low-middle nitrogen application levels of 75, 112.5, and 150 kg hm-2 . Compared with CN, the yield of Z13 increased by 11.24%--21.55% and 8.65%--14.22% in 2020 and 2021, respectively. The yield of H9 increased by 5.53%--15.75% and 10.43%--16.17% in 2020 and 2021, respectively, compared with CN. Correlation analysis indicated that the yield was significantly positively correlated with net assimilation rate, leaf area duration, crop growth rate, and photosynthetic rate. In conclusion, PAC combined with nitrogen fertilizer could increase the ability to photosynthesize and grain yield under the background of one-time basic fertilizer application, which could be an important technique for achieving high grain yield and efficiency in foxtail millet production in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, novel lead-free relaxor ferroelectric (1-x) [0.9BaTiO3-0.1Bi(Mg0.25Ta0.5 )O3]-xBi0.5 Na0.5TiO3 ceramics were synthesized via composite strategy using the traditional solid-state process. Results indicate that the incorporation of Bi0.5 Na0.5TiO3 with a high Curie temperature could not only significantly enhance the energy storage density, but also improve the temperature stability. As BNT concentration rose, the nano-scale polarization mismatch dominated by Bi--O coupling was established and enhanced, significantly compensating for the reduction of macroscopic polarization due to the addition of Bi(Mg0.25Ta0.5) O3, leading to elevate saturation polarization and improve temperature stability. The ceramics which x is 0.2 show optimal energy storage features with a high energy storage density of 4.01 J/cmµ in the electric field of 245 kV/cm combined with a relatively high energy storage efficiency of 84.86%. Moreover, excellent temperature stabilities were noticed with the change rate of energy storage density is less than 5% and energy storage efficiency is less than 6% over a broad temperature range (20 ~ 170 °). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to overcome the quality problem of reconstructed meshes caused by the restrictive factors such as sparse and uneven density or wrong normal vector of original point cloud data, a three-dimensional reconstruction method of point cloud based on Countermeasure network is proposed by using the characteristics of weight sharing in adversarial neural network and adversarial training process. Firstly, the predictor is used to predict the offset of the edge of the mesh model, so as to obtain the displacement of each vertex, and perform the vertex redirection of the topology preservation to obtain a new mesh. Secondly, the point cloud classifier in the discriminator is used to extract the high-dimensional features of the original point cloud data and the sampled point set of the mesh surface, and the spatial perception discrimination based on the high-dimensional features is performed to distinguish the original point cloud from the samples point set data. Finally, the output data of the predictor and the discriminator are correlated by the adversarial training method, and the network model is optimized through multiple iterations to obtain a three-dimensional mesh model that meets the spatial characteristics of the point cloud. Experiments are carried out on different point cloud datasets, and the results are displayed by using MeshLab software. The results show that the method can reconstruct the 3D mesh model that meets the spatial information of point cloud, and overcome the mesh quality problems caused by poor point cloud data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the status of accidental sexual partners among young men who have sex with men (YMSM), and analyze the related factors. Methods "Snowball" sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of encounter partners and serological detection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and syphilis among YMSM of Mianyang city from September 2016 to September 2019. Chi-square test and Logistics regression model were used to analyze the associated factors of encounter partners. Results A total of 351 people were surveyed, 250 cases had anal sex in the last 6 months, 44.8% (112/250) had chance sexual partners, with an average of (1.9±1.6), and 92 cases used condoms every time. There was no statistically significant difference in the positive rates of HIV and syphilis between those with and without accidental partners in the last 6 months (all P>0.05). The multivariate analysis found that those who played both sexual roles (OR=2.921, 95%CI:1.079-4.864), had multiple sexual partners in the last 6 months (OR=9.424, 95%CI:4.494-19.762), had group sex in the last 6 months (OR=25.537, 95%CI:2.098-310.891) and had the higher score of self-acceptance (OR=1.627, 95%CI:1.104-2.398) were more likely to have a chance partner, and those with a fixed partner in the last 6 months (OR=0.082, 95%CI:0.035-0.188) were less likely to have a chance partner (all P<0.05). Conclusions YMSM encounter partners are common, and their encounter partners are associated with sexual role, sexual behavior and self-acceptance. The risk of behavior is high, so behavioral intervention should be carried out accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To summarize the clinical features of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent Cushing's syndrome (CS) with multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN). Methods Based on the pituitary tumor database of Peking Union Medical College Hospital of China Pituitary Disease Register Network (CPDRN), 18 patients with ACTH - dependent CS complicated with MEN from January 1984 to September 2020 were collected. The clinical manifestations, involved other endocrine glands, laboratorial and imageological examinations were analyzed. Results Among 18 patients, 13 cases were Cushing's disease and 5 cases were ectopic ACTH syndrome (EAS); 15 cases were MEN1 type, 2 cases were MEN2 type and one case was MEN4 type. The clinical manifestations were subclinical CS in 6 cases and overt CS in 12 cases. All cases had osteopenia or osteoporosis. Urolithiasis accounted for 11/18 cases. Regarding the involved endocrine glands, pituitary ACTH adenoma accounted for 13/18 cases, prolactinoma accounted for 4/18 cases, hyperparathyroidism accounted for 15/18 cases, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors accounted for 13/18 cases and adrenal adenomas and hyperplasia accounted for 10/18 cases. Laboratorial examinations showed the average morning serum cortisol was (652.90 ± 254.90) nmol/L, the morning ACTH was (13.38 ± 8.73) pmol/L and the 24 h urinary free cortisol was 446.35 (233.08, 531.10) µxg. Serum prolactin was elevated in 2 cases, parathyroid hormone was elevated in 1 3 cases and serum calcium was elevated in 11 cases. In imageological examinations, there were pituitary microadenoma in 12 cases, pituitary macroadenoma in 3 cases, adrenal adenoma in 8 cases, thickened adrenal in 4 cases, adrenal pheochromocytoma in 2 cases, and paraganglioma in one case. Genetic test showed 3 cases had MEN 1 gene mutation including c.1183C>T, c.1579C>T and c.1174G>T. Conclusions ACTH-dependent CS with MEN is a rare disease with complex manifestations. The most common symptom is osteopenia/ osteoporosis. The most common cause of CS is pituitary microadenoma. MEN1 is the most common MEN type, and primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common type of affected endocrine glands, followed by pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS) complicated with perioperative pulmonary embolism (PE). Methods Depending on Chinese Pituitary Disease Registry Network (CPDRN) and Pituitary Tumor Database in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, 20 patients with CS complicated perioperative PE were collected from January 1, 2013 to September 30, 2020, and the clinical manifestations and laboratory examination data of the patients were investigated. The clinical characteristics were compared between ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome (EAS) and CS with PE during the perioperative period. In addition, clinical characteristics were also studied in these patients before and after the operation. Results According to etiology, they were divided into CS (7 cases), EAS (9 cases) and adrenal adenoma (4 cases). The course of CS was longer than EAS (t = - 2.938, P = 0.011). According to the occurrence time of PE, the patients were divided into preoperative PE (1 3 cases) and postoperative PE (7 cases). The patients with postoperative PE had a lower body mass index 0 = 2.427, P = 0.026) and a higher fibrinogen (t = -2.162, P = 0.047). The patients with PE before surgery included 5 cases of CS, 5 cases of EAS, and 3 cases of adrenal adenomas, while those who with PE after surgery included 2 cases of CS, 4 cases of EAS, and one case of adrenal adenoma. Among the 7 patients with PE after surgery, 5 cases did not get remission. Compared with preoperative examination, the erythrocyte count (t = - 2.032, P = 0.042) and hemoglobin (t = 9.807, P = 0.001) were decreased after operation, the prothrombin time (t = -2.847, P = 0.047) and international normalized ratio (t = - 3.059, P = 0.038) were increased after operation. Conclusions Longer course of disease and no remission hypercortisolemia after surgery may be the risk factors for perioperative PE in CS patients. Patients with elevated fibrinogen before surgery and reduced red blood cell count and hemoglobin after surgery should be alert to the risk of PE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The three-impuise trajectories are optimally designed for the emergency return problem in the runned lunar landing mission. The motion equations of lunar return trajectories are adopted in the spherical frame based on the model of the restricted three body problem. The Moon-Earth emergency return trajectories concerning the constraints of circular orbit plane, minimum safe distance wtth respect to the Moon and terminal perigee height are optimized globally by using the multistart algorithm. The effectiveness and responsibility of the proposed approach are demonstrated by the simulation tests finally, according to a great deal of simulation results by the method, the effects of different orbit parameters on optimization objective are analyzed. The research conclusions can provide references for the design of emergency return trajectory scheme in the manned lunar landing mission in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Pituitary stalk occupation can result from various lesions, therefore the diagnosis is difficult to a certain extent. The clinical significance of the biopsy to pituitary stalk occupying lesions on suprasellar region remains controversal. Objective To analyze the value and safety of pituitary stalk biopsy by endoscopic extended transsphenoidal approach in the diagnosis of pituitary stalk occupying lesions. Methods and Results There were 16 patients who received pituitary stalk biopsy by endoscopic extended transsphenoidal approach from 2011 to 2017, and reconstruction of sellar floor was done by bath-plug technique and pedicled nasoseptal flap. Postoperative pathological examination identified germinoma in 10 cases, Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH) in 3 cases, lymphocytic hypophysitis in 2 cases and craniopharyngioma in one case. After operation, 2 patients had central nervous system (CNS) rhinorrhea, while no patient had new hypopituitarism, damage of visual field and eyesight, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea, unplanned secondary surgery, death or other serious complications. Conclusions Pituitary stalk biopsy by endoscopic extended transsphenoidal approach is a safe and reliable surgical method which is instructive for patient's diagnosis and treatment plan. It is worth popularizing widely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The"tourist gaze"proposed by John Urry is an important theoretical analysis tool applied in the fields of tourism sociology and tourism culture research. The tourism gaze concept, which includes both the tourist gaze and host gaze, is a complex system of diverse factors with numerous interactions between the beneficiaries like tourists and hosts. This study briefly analyzes both international and domestic Chinese trends in tourism gaze research and summarizes the current hot topics in the area. There is a current domestic focus on tourism gaze. Chinese researchers use this theoretical tool to study aspects such as tourist- host interactions, cultural changes in minority areas, the shaping of tourism destinations, tourism image, tourist behavior, and tourist experience. The Huizhou culture has rich connotations and complete systems. Xidi, Hongcun and Nanping of Yixian are famous for their traditional culture, while Xidi and Hongcun are listed as United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) world heritage sites. There are many tourism attractions in these three villages, which are the example sites for this study. A questionnaire survey was used to gather data and information during August 2012. A total of 410 tourist questionnaires and 310 host questionnaires were distributed to the respondents. Completed and valid responses were received from 407 tourist questionnaires and 303 host questionnaires. The alpha coefficients are 0.8966 and 0.9285, respectively. The 19 questionnaire indicators are classified into three categories to measure the behavior of both tourists and hosts. SPSS 11.5 software was used to order and to analyze the data. It was used to analyze the tourists'impression and the hosts' comprehension about Huizhou villages'characteristics. Further ancillary investigation methods were used, such as constructed interviews, participant observations and non- participant observations. Such methods were added to study the hosts'impression of the Huizhou villages'characteristics and the hosts'views of tourists. Text and photographs from Mafengwo--a tourism website with over 50 million users--were also conditionally collected for content analysis. High-frequency words from the texts were picked up using ROST WordParser. Space- subject method was used to study the image characteristics. Ancient villages are regarded as symbols and markers of Huizhou culture. The main subjects of tourism gaze in the Huizhou villages are the tourists and the hosts. The objects are the culture signals, also considered as the core of tourism gaze, and include the material and spiritual forms of the culture. The tourists and hosts interact based on gazing at the relevant culture symbol. They reflect the natural scenery, the man-made environment, the traditional culture and the hosts'lifestyle. However, both the tourists and the hosts have only a shallow understanding of these culture signals. This research discusses the behaviors of tourists and hosts in Huizhou's ancient villages while gazing at the cultural symbol. The interaction process between the tourist gaze and the host gaze are analyzed. It is found that the connotation and inner spirit of Huizhou's culture are neglected in tourism by both the tourists and the hosts. The level of the tourists'demand for and the hosts'understanding of the culture symbols are superficial. Tourism gaze can be considered as a force that helps to build links between tourists and hosts based on different needs. The symbols and marks of Huizhou culture that are considered to be its core seem to be built, strengthened and even rebuilt during the interaction process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the demographic characteristics among TB/HIV patients in Yunnan province, and to provide evidence for the future TB/HIV prevention and control. Methods The data of TB/HIV patients were collected through China Information System for Disease Control TB Information System in 7 counties with Global Fund project in Yunnan province during 2010 and 2013, the different demographic characteristics were analyzed. Results There were 540 TB/HIV patients during January 2010 to June 2013, the male was 4 times as much as female in gender, the male patients were much more than the female; 92.22% of them aged between 20 to 55 years old, 62.96% were farmer and unemployed, and 13.7% were person in custody; Among all the patients, 85.74% from TB screening in positive HIV case, 50.56% patients were transferred to CDC, and 30.93% visited doctor for symptom; 85.56% were negative in sputum smear, and 56.11% were new cases. The median of time of relay was 39 days;83.52% were with entire supervision in treatment and management. Conclusions Early detection of TB cases among people living with HIV and properly treatment management in time could improve the life quality of TB/HIV patients, focusing on young male in rural and person in custody. It is necessary to strength the professional capability of doctor and accessibility of public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of three types of scan modes with dual-source CT coronary artery angiography (CTA) . Methods 120 cases of coronary artery disease patients were divided into 3 groups, of which group A underwent coronary artery CTA with flash mode, group B with prospective electrocardiogram triggering mode and group C with retrospective electrocardiogram gating mode. The image quality, radiation dose and scanning time among 3 groups were comparatively analyzed. Results 1644 segments of artery in 120 cases were available for diagnosis, the rate was 99.4%, 99.5% and 99.2% in three groups, respectively. No statistical significance was found. The scanning time was shortest in group A, was 91.91% and 91.28% lower than that in groups B and C, respectively. There were statistical significance between group A and groups B and C, but no significance was shown between group B and group C. The average effective radiation dose was 0.76 ± 0.0604, 2.51 ± 0.6083 and 6.60 ± 1.3163 mSv in groups A, B and C, respectively, with significance statistically ( P < 0.05) . Conclusion Three types of scan modes of coronary artery CTA were qualitatively guaranteed. Flash mode was the fastest one with relatively low radiation dose which was suitable for patients with regular heart rate lower than 65 b/m. Both groups B and C had wider clinical use, and the former was recommended as the first choice due to less radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An increasing attention has been directed at the study of tourist perceived value, as more and more destinations recognize its importance of being a new battleground for gaining competitive advantage. This is particularly true for wetland parks, the popularity of which is fast growing as novel tourist attractions. The marketplace is expected to experience heightened competition. The purpose of this research is to better understand the tourist perceived value of wetland parks and provide a tool for wetland destinations to manage it as their competitive advantage. Xixi and Qinhu Lake are both AAAAA-Level Scenic Areas and are listed as the top two of the first 12 National Wetland Parks in China. Using the two National Wetland Parks of Xixi and Qinhu Lake as cases, this research develops a measurement scale and explores the structural characteristics of the wetland park tourist perceived value. The analyses of the empirical data have resulted in a six-dimension scale that comprises of 23 items. The six value dimensions, each of which are comprised of three to five items, are 1) environment, 2) characteristics, 3) service, 4) management, 5) education, and 6) cost. The theoretical contribution of the study lies in the discovery of the six- dimension scale of the wetland park tourist perceived value and the structural similarity and difference of tourist perceived values between wetland parks and other types of tourist attractions. Five of the six dimensions mirror five of the seven experiences found in the previous work of Wei Xia and Pan Yiting. The dimension of management value found in the current research was not present in Wei and Pan's work; whereas the dimensions of trust and concern experiences in Wei and Pan's study are not found in the current study. To compare with extant studies on tourist perceived values in the contexts of other attraction types, the dimensions of environment, characteristics and management values are unique to, and reflect the ecological attributes, of wetland parks. These three dimensions, together with the dimension of service value, constitute the functional value of wetland parks. However, the social value, which tends to be an important component in other studies, is absent as an independent dimension in this research at all. The findings from the research bear significant managerial implications for the two wetland parks. Although tourists have positive perceptions of both parks, the ratings are not as high as expected. There is much room for both parks to improve in order to compete more effectively with other types of attractions and to provide higher values for the tourists. The measurement scale is consistent between the two parks with no significant difference between four of the six dimensions. The exceptions are characteristics and education values, which are perceived higher of Qinhu Lake than of Xixi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective The purpose of this study was to understand the incidence trend of sexually transmitted disease (STD) in Chuxiong Prefecture from 2010 to 2012, find out the epidemic characteristics and influence factors, in order to provide a scientific basis for the government to formulate relevant policies. Methods Descriptive analysis method was used to analyze STD epidemic report data and population data from 2010 to 2012 in Chuxiong Prefecture. Results 2010-2012, 1268 cases of STD were reported in the state (not including HIV and AIDS), with the annual incidence of 15.6/100000 and the maximum number of reported cases in 2011 (540 cases) . Women cases reported in 2010-2012 (653 cases) were higher than the man cases reported (615 cases) . The onset age were mainly concentrated in the 20-29 and 30-39 age groups, the occupation fields mainly were in farmers, houseworker and unemployed people, and were distributed mainly in Lufeng city (224 cases), Dayao city(127 cases), chuxiong city (107 cases), and Yaoan city (103 cases) . Conclusion 2010-2012, cases of STD reported in chuxiong mainly focused on women, young adults, farmers, houseworker and unemployed people. It is suggested to strengthen STD prevention knowledge and health education management work for these people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study on the model updating method through the transformation of the problem of model updating with the problems of design optimization. Indicated is that the numerical examples such as the truss structure and Garteur plane have proven workable. Highlighted is employment of SiPESC, OPT, and commercial finite element software that are realized within the whole updating process.

Taking cold-resistant maize variety Fengdan 3 and cold-sensitive maize variety Zhengdan 958 as test materials, field experiments were conducted in I, II, and III accumulated temperature zones in Heilongjiang Province of Northeast China to study the effects of different accumulated temperature on the photosynthetic performances of different types of cold-resistant spring maize varieties during their grain-filling period. In the three accumulated temperature zones, the tasseling and maturing periods of Fengdan 3 and Zhengdan 958 were prolonged in the order of I > II > and III, and the grain bulk density decreased in the same order. The RuBPCase and PEPCase activities of Fengdan 3 and Zhengdan 958 leaves had different temperature sensitivity. For Fengdan 3, its leaf RuBPCase and PEPCase activities were high in early grain filling period (0-20 days after anthesis), and the variety could ripen in temperature-limited region. For Zhengdan 958, its leaf RuBPCase and PEPCase activities were high within 0-10 days and 40-60 days after anthesis but not sensitive to the active accumulated temperature during 10-40 days after anthesis, and the variety could not ripen in temperature-limited region. The photosynthetic rates of the two varieties were significantly positively correlated with the active accumulated temperature during 0-10 days and 30-40 days after anthesis. The effects of the accumulated temperature in the three zones on the photosynthetic performances were significant at both early and later grain filling stages. For the same varieties, the higher the active accumulated temperature in grain filling period, the higher the grain yield. Zhengdan 958 had higher yield than Fengdan 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines 16 cities that serve as tourist nodes in the Yangtze River Delta. It is based on a social network analysis method that forms a spatial diffusion network, evaluates the network's whole and node characteristics, and analyzes each city's ability to cluster, diffuse and transfer the tourist flow of the Shanghai World Expo. The tourist flow data were obtained through a questionnaire survey that was conducted during the Shanghai World Expo. In addition, data have also been gathered through a search of the network travel notes. This paper required that the tourist's route contain two or more cities in the Yangtze River Delta; from this we received 167 valid questionnaires and 41 valid network travel notes. The tourist flow data are constructed in two matrices that contain the flow direction and flow vector. However, a QAP correlation analysis shows that the two tourist flow matrices that are based on two types of data have a positive correlation. Therefore, the two matrices were merged and then binarized. In addition, this research built a tourism network schematic diagram of the Yangtze River Delta. Meanwhile, it evaluates the structure of overall network by density and diameter. It also evaluates the node city's ability to cluster, diffuse and transfer the tourist flow by degree of centrality, and between centrality and close centrality. The node city's competitive advantage in the network is evaluated by structure hole. The results show that the overall density of the tourist flow network is 0. 2583, which means that the whole tourism flow interaction is not obvious. Meanwhile, the network diameter is 4, which means that most tourists arranged four cities on their tourist route. Some node cities (such as Shanghai, Suzhou, and Hangzhou) were found to have had a competitive advantage in the Shanghai World Expo tourist spatial diffusion network and their siphon effect on tourist flow is strong. Therefore, Shanghai, Hangzhou and Suzhou are located in the core of the network and have a powerful function of clustering, diffusing and transferring tourist flows. Nanjing, Wuxi, Jiaxing are sub-core node cities that have weaker functions of clustering, diffusing and transferring of the tourist flow. Changzhou, Ningbo, Shaoxing, Yangzhou and Zhenjiang are secondary edge node cities. Huzhou is an isolated city. The other cities are edge node cities in the Yangtze River Delta. In contrast to Gao's (2008) work on the tourist flow network in the Yangtze River Delta, we have found that the tourism spatial radiation effect of the Shanghai World Expo on the node city has certain differences in the Yangtze River Delta; for example, they are affected by spatial distance, tourism resources, and tourism development. The Shanghai World Expo enhanced the capability of gathering tourist flow in Shanghai city, whose status is more prominent as the polar nucleus. However, the radiation effect that Suzhou, Hangzhou, Nanjing received is not obvious. The tourist flow diffused from Shanghai was less than that inputted to Shanghai from these cities. Meanwhile, Wuxi, Changzhou, Zhenjiang, Nantong, Taizhou received an obvious positive radiation effect. The other cities suffered a negative radiation effect from the Shanghai World Expo. Taking the Yangtze River Delta as a whole, the agglomeration effect on tourist flow of the Shanghai World Expo is shown to be stronger than its spatial radiation effect on surrounding areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]