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Purposes Origin software was adopted to study the mechanism and final effects of rainwater erosion prevention of Earthen Sites with bare soil and herbs in Western Wall of Jinyang Ancient City. Methods The data analysis method of field artificial simulation rainfall experiment through the software of Origin was used to compare the effects of the underlying surface layer on the runoff and sediment producing processes on the slope surface at different times. Findings Pre-runoff interception Q0 of Fresh Herbs was negatively correlated with runoff starting time T0. And Q0 was in descending order of Dry Herbs, Fresh Herbs, and Bare Soil. Sediment producing coefficient Csy and sediment producing intensity Isy of Fresh Herbs were positively correlated with rainfall intensity Irf. Runoff coefficients Cro and Csy were in descending order of Bare Soil, Dry Herbs, and Fresh Herbs. By forming a mud surface, exposed earthen sites were less affected by rainwater infiltration, making them suitable for arid climate zones. By strengthening anti-erosion, herbal earthen sites reduced soil surface erosion, making them suitable for semi-arid and semi-humid climate areas. Conclusions Origin analysis confirms that herbal plants have a significant effect on improving the anti-erosion of earthen sites. The phenomenon of herbs covering is beneficial to the protection of local earthen sites in Shanxi. However, when extreme sustained heavy rainfall occurs between September and October, further research is needed to determine whether herbal plants are suitable or not for covering earthen sites.

In order to explore the economic and carbon reduction benefits of photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated stations and achieve reasonable configuration of internal components, a multi-objective optimization configuration method for stations that takes into account economic and low-carbon aspects is proposed. Firstly, based on the functions and requirements of each module in the charging station, the sources of carbon emissions generated by station is explored, and a mathematical model for the cost and carbon emissions of each module in the station is established. Then, with the goal of minimizing the annual investment and operating cost of the system and carbon emissions, a multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm based on three-black-hole capturing strategy is used to optimize the configuration of various modules of stations in different load scenarios, and the optimal configuration plan for each component module of the station under three scenarios is obtained. The comparative results show that the method proposed in this article can effectively reduce the cost and carbon emissions during planning and operation, and improve the economic and environmental benefits of stations. Finally, the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution is used to provide a compromise optimization plan for the optimal scenario, which can provide reference for the current investment and construction of photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated stations.

Objective Based on the virtual simulation fatigue test technology, fatigue life analysis and reliability evaluation of the bogie arm positioning node of a certain type of vehicle are carried out to improve the vehicle stability and guarantee the train operation safety. Method ABAQUS software is used to establish a finite element model of the arm positioning node and obtain the stress and strain data. FE-SAFE software is used to set the fatigue parameters of rubber material, simulate and analyze its fatigue life. Graph test method is used to test the distribution hypothesis of pseudo-failure fatigue life and to select the optimal life distribution. The relation between the life distribution parameters and the stress level is used to fit a proper functional relation and evaluate the reliability of the arm positioning node fatigue life under normal stress level. Result & Conclusion Under normal stress level, only the rubber bushing in arm positioning node will have fatigue damage. The bottom end of the rubber bushing is the area with the lowest pseudo-failure fatigue life value, and is also the area where the damage occurs first. On-site test and fatigue simulation results verify the accuracy of the finite element model of arm positioning node. The optimal normal life distribution is determined. Under normal stress level, the number of fatigue life cycles is about 210,000 when the reliability of the arm positioning node is 0.9.

Objective Based on the measured data of the train wheelsets on Shanghai Metro Line 17, the wheelset wear pattern is studied, and a wear model of wheel rim thickness and wheel diameter is established to improve the safety and maintenance efficiency of urban rail transit vehicles. Method The measured wheelset data are pre-processed to eliminate data errors. Curve fitting and error analysis method are used to establish the wear model of wheel rim thickness and wheel diameter. The fitting standard deviation of wear rate and that of the error value between the true value and the error fitting curve are used as evaluation indexes to evaluate the accuracy of the wear model. The wheelset wear model is verified with Train 1701 and Train 1721 respectively. Result & Conclusion Both the fitting standard deviation of 4th power fitting curve of wear rate for Train 1701 and Train 1721 wheelset rim thickness and wheel diameter, and that of 6th power fitting curve of the error value between the true value and the error fitting curve are close to zero, verifying that the vehicle wheelset wear model can accurately predict the wheelset wear of different types of trains and different vehicle positions of the same train on Shanghai Metro Line 17.

Objective To investigate the status of readiness and quality for hospital discharge and its influencing factors in patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation. Methods A total of 151 patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation were collected using convenience sampling method. General data questionnaire, Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale(RHDS) and Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale (QDTS were used to conduct a questionnaire survey on the subjects. Results The total score of RHDS was(104. 43±15. 57), indicating a high level of readiness for hospital discharge. The total score of QDTS was (159. 56±17. 36), indicating a moderate-to-high level of quality assessment on hospital discharge. The quality of discharge is positively associated with readiness for hospital discharge(r＝0. 777, P＜0. 05). Age, marital status, occupational status, family income, disease occurrence, number of hospitalizations, regular hospital revisit, reduced ability of daily living, Comorbidity of other diseases and type of drug administration. Conclusion Findings of the study showed a high level of readiness and quality for hospital discharge in patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation. Patients’ awareness of readiness for hospital discharge is correlated with quality for hospital discharge. Medical workers should take effective intervention to improve quality of hospital discharge teaching and quality of life after hospital discharge (目的 探讨心房颤动患者射频消融术后出院准备度及出院指导的现状及其相关影响因素。方法 随机抽取2022年1月—8月在医院接受房颤射频消融术治疗的患者151例作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查问卷、出院准备度量表(RHDS)和出院指导量表(QDTS)对151例研究对象进行调查。结果 患者RHDS量表总分为(104. 43±15. 57)分, 处于较高的水平; QDTS量表得分(159. 56±17. 36)分, 处于中等水平。出院指导质量与出院准备度呈正相关(r＝0. 777, P＜0. 05)。年龄、婚姻状况、工作状态、家庭人均收入、发病情况, 疾病住院次数、定期多次复诊、生活自理能力下降、合并其他疾病与服用药物种类是影响患者出院准备度的因素。结论 心房颤动患者射频消融术后出院准备度和出院指导质量处于较高水平, 且心房颤动患者对出院准备度的感知与其获得的出院指导质量关系密切。医务人员要找寻切实可行的措施提高指导质量, 对出院指导进行有效的干预, 从而可改善患者出院后的生活质量, 进而提高患者的出院准备水平。)

Pheochromocytoma is one of rare tumors of neuroendocrine. Most of the tumors are sporadic with about 1/3 of them caused by genetic mutations. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) from thyroid follicular cells is the most common malignant tumors. However, pheochromocytoma with PTC is rarely reported. Here we present a case report of an 41-year-old male patient found to have an adrenal pheochromocytoma combined with PTC, and PTC was diagnosed first with fine needle aspiration. The patient admitted to hospital, and surgery would be prepared when abnormal blood pressure rose, and operation was suspended. Further CT scan and blood biochemical examination were performed, and concurrent adrenal pheochromocytoma was considered. Multidisciplinary team decided to perform adrenal surgery priority. When the recovery of patient appeared after first operation, radical thyroidectomy was performed. Whether the co-existence of pheochromocytoma and PTC is coincidence or caused by RET gene or unknown inherited genetic mutations is unclear, so accumulation of studies with more combined cases should be done and genetic testing data are needed.

In order to improve the utilization of Haliotis discus hannai mantle, collagen purified from it was hydrolyzed by trypsin and pepsin to prepare angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides. The hydrolysate was purified by sequential ultrafiltration, SuperdexTM peptide 10/300 GL gel filtration chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Three ACE inhibitory peptides, SGEVGQ, QRGPAGAQGPQ and GPPGPAGAR, were obtained . Among them, GPPGPAGAR had the highest ACE inhibitory activity with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 177.1 μmol/L. Molecular docking results showed that GPPGPAGAR mainly acted on the S1 active pocket of ACE and the inhibitory mode was similar to that of lisinopril. GPPGPAGAR still showed high ACE inhibitory activity after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. This study will provide a reference for deep processing of abalone mantle and the development of ACE inhibitory peptides.

[Objective] Understandings of the ecological evolution in the Hunshandake Sandy Land are divergent duo to the differences in study area, data used, and period of study. How the vegetation in the hinterland and marginal ecotones of the Hunshandake Sandy Land interacts with regional climate and responds to human activities remain to be addressed. [Methods] In this study, the Gobi desert area was set as the background area (CK), and the Hunshandake Sandy Land and its surrounding areas were divided into a core area (CA) and four ecotones. Based on the long-term GIMMS NDVI3g v1 (1982-2015) dataset, combined with climate data (annual temperature and precipitation) from 1982 to 2015, nighttime light dataset (1984-2015), and population and herbivore data of each banner/county (1986-2015), the correlations between NDVI and climate change and human activities in the CK, CA and the ecotones were analyzed. [Results] The results show that: (1) Vegetation phenology was regionally heterogeneous. The length of growing season (LOS) was between 158 and 196 days, and the phenological difference within the region reached 38 days. (2) The change rate of NDVI was spatially different. Total NDVI increased at a rate of 0.00021/10a, while the rate of change in each region varied, with a maximum difference of 17 folds. (3) The response of vegetation to climate variability was zonal. In these ecotones, NDVI change was more sensitive to monthly temperature than to monthly precipitation. (4) The coefficient of variation (Cov) of vegetation went through several stages. The Cov fluctuated little in the 1980s, was relatively stable in the 1990s, and had higher positive variation in the first 15 years of this century. (5) The response of vegetation cover to human activities was not significant. While NDVI was not correlated with population density and nighttime light intensity per square kilometer, it was locally positively correlated with sheep and total herbivorous livestock density per square kilometer. [Conclusion] These results suggest that the NDVI of the Hunshandake Sandy Land and its ecotones fluctuated in response to climate change, and although it has improved in this century, it has only reached the level of the mid- to late 1980s.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic non-communicable disease. It is a metabolic syndrome (MS) in the liver. Menopause is a physiological phenomenon of women due to the decline of ovarian function, which is characterized by the deterioration of hypothalamic-pituitary function. Clinical and epidemiological studies have shown that the incidence trend of NAFLD has gender differences and is related to metabolic parameters such as glucose, lipids, and blood uric acid. The incidence of NAFLD in premenopausal women is lower than that in males, while the incidence of NAFLD in postmenopausal women gradually increases to the same as that in males. The mechanism may be mainly related to the changes of sex hormones in postmenopausal women (mainly the decrease of estrogen). The changes of sex hormones such as the decreased levels of estrogen and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and the relatively increased level of androgen can increase the incidence of MS components such as abdominal obesity, abnormal blood lipid metabolism and insulin resistance (IR), making menopause an important independent risk factor for NAFLD in women. Estrogen, androgen receptor antagonists and phytoestrogens can improve hepatic steatosis and IR through many ways, reduce the severity of NAFLD and delay its progression to liver fibrosis, which have certain therapeutic significance for postmenopausal women with NAFLD, but also have some limitations. This paper reviews the research progress in the relationship between menopause and NAFLD in recent years, so as to provide ideas and reference for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD in postmenopausal women.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of buccal fat pad flaps on the restoration of maxillary defects. Methods Nineteen cases with oral-nasal communications and maxillary soft and hard tissue defects ranging from 3.0 cm×2.0 cm-5.0 cm×4.0 cm after resection of the primary tumor foci were repaired with a pedicled buccal fat pad flap, and the maxillary sinus cavity and oral-nasal communication were closed. The survival, healing and complications of the flap were observed during the 3-month follow-up. Results The buccal fat pad flaps of 19 patients all survived. Five days after the operation, the buccal fat pad flap was dark red with slight edema, and the maxillary defect area collapsed. Ten days after the operation, most of the buccal fat pad flap turned pink, and the collapse was alleviated. One month after the operation, the buccal fat pad flap had no obvious collapse, and its surface was epithelialized, with a shape and color close to those of the normal mucosa. The opening was slightly limited. Three months after the operation, the buccal fat pad flap was completely epithelialized, with no difference from the surrounding tissue, and the opening was approximately 3 transverse fingers. No complications, such as swelling and necrosis of the buccal fat pad flap, limitation of mouth opening, maxillary sinus fistulas, oral-nasal communications and facial changes occurred in 19 patients within 3 months after the operation. Conclusion The application of a buccal fat pad flap has a good effect to repair maxillary tissue defects and close oral maxillary sinus communication with diameters less than 5 cm, so it can be widely used in the clinic.

The general aviation airplane is an important component part of civil airplanes,and its shape feature is of important influence on aircraft drag.The numerical simulation method based on Navier-Stokes equation is utilized to analyze the barrel shape feature of drag polar curve of classical general aviation airplane,and the influence of upper surface outline curvature of fuselage.The aerodynamic characteristics difference for a typical general aviation airplane under three different rear fuselage contractions are studied,including upper surface,lower and side ones.The aerodynamic characteristics of basic shape and improvement shape are compared.The results show that,with the increase of contraction rate,the pressure drag and frictional drag for lower surface and side surface are decreased,while for the upper surface,the pressure drag is increased.The suitable fuselage contraction can reduce the pressure drag of 29.76%,and increase the maximum lift-to-drag of the fuselage of 6.34%.The reasonable contraction pattern can not only increase the lift-drag ratio,but improve the longitudinal static stability as well.

Ceramic 3D printing based on stereolithography has attracted wide attention because it can fabricate complex ceramic components with high dimensional accuracy, good surface finish, uniform microstructure, and excellent mechanical properties. It is one of the important technical means to achieve high-performance parts by additive manufacturing. The core of the technology is to prepare ceramic slurries with high solid loading and good printability, and its composition has a vital influence on the curing effect and printing process. In this review, two main additive manufacturing methods, stereolithography (SL) and digital light processing (DLP), commonly used in ceramic 3D printing were introduced, and advantages and disadvantages of the two methods were compared. Based on the research work in the field of ceramic slurries in recent years, the effects of monomer/oligomer and diluent, dispersant, physical properties of ceramic particles and solid loading on viscosity, shear thinning/thickening behavior, viscoelasticity, yield stress were discussed. Finally, the main development trends and challenges of ceramic slurries via stereolithography were put forward in, and a general guiding principle for the construction of ceramic slurries with high solid loading was provided.

Objective To investigate the expression of AKAP12 in HER2-positive breast cancer and its relation with clinicopathological factors and clinical significance. Methods UALCAN database was used to explore AKAP12 mRNA expression in breast cancer and para-cancerous tissues. AKAP12 protein expression in 120 cases of breast cancer tissues, adjacent tissues and 8 cases of metastases tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. Then we analyzed the relation between AKAP12 protein expression and clinicopathological factors. Bc-GenExMiner v4.4 database was used to explore the relation between AKAP12 mRNA expression and overall survival. The relation between AKAP12 protein expression and overall survival was analyzed by GraphPad Prism 7.0. Results AKAP12 expression in breast cancer tissues was lower than that in para-cancerous tissues (P < 0.05). AKAP12 protein expression in metastasis was lower than that in primary lesion (P < 0.05). AKAP12 was negatively related to tumor size and TNM stage (P < 0.05). Survival analysis showed that patients with low AKAP12 mRNA and protein expression had shorter overall survival than those with high AKAP12 expression (P < 0.05). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that AKAP12 expression, vascular infiltration and radiotherapy were independent risk factors for the prognosis of HER2-positive breast cancer patients. Conclusion The low AKAP12 expression is related to the prognosis of HER2-positive breast cancer patients.

Most of existing comprehensive exploration technologies for water-hazard on coal mine working face adopt conventional rotary drilling method with lots of boreholes and heavy workload. In addition, blending deformation of drill pipes, geological condition variation in boreholes and alterations of drilling parameters during construction process would lead to borehole deflection, which may cause wrong decision about water-hazard exploration. For above problems, a comprehensive exploration technology based on directional drilling was proposed and applied to water-hazard detection on fully mechanized mining face of a coal mine. The application process is as follows: Firstly, mine audio-frequency electric penetration technology is used in the comprehensive exploration technology to detect anomalous area with low apparent resistivity on the working face, and then directional drilling technology is adopted to directly expose water-rich zone. It is determined that there is a water-conductive collapse column of Ordovician limestone karst in the anomalous area through observing water gushing in the boreholes and chemically examine quality of the water. Meanwhile, extension state and boundary of the water-conductive collapse column in the working face are delineated. Position of open-off cut is redesigned according to comprehensive exploration results, so as to effectively eliminate hidden water-inrush danger caused by exposing the water-conductive collapse column during mining process.

In this paper, the elemental analysis-stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer (EA-IRMS) is modified to testing different forms of sulfur isotope standard material and sample. A SO2 gas trap tube is installed after chromatographic column to trap the SO2 gas generated by redox reaction and the captured SO2 can be used as reference gas several times, there is no need to introduce high-purity SO2 gas externally, which reduces the damage to the instrument pipeline corrosion and laboratory environment. When the amount of barium sulfate is about 400 μg, SO2 gas in the trap tube can provide at least 20 peak center focus. Modified EA-IRMS system testing sulfur isotope standard material (IAEA-SO-5, IAEA-S-2, IAEA-S-3, EMA-P1), when the sulfur element injection volume is 20 μg, the δ34S value test accuracy achieve 0.2‰(n=3), 4 kinds of international standard material measured value and true value have a good correlation coefficient (R2=1), it indicates that the δ34S value of different compounds of sulfur can be mutual calibration, and the modified EA-IRMS can meet the accuracy requirement of the sulfur isotope test.

The prevalent pretreatment method for sulfur isotope determination in water samples is to convert dissolved SO2-4 into solid BaSO4. However, when this method is applied to sulfate samples with small volume and low-concentration (0～20 mg·L-1), there are some problems such as time-consuming and low recovery rate, which would cause uncertain effects on the results of sulfur isotope determination. In this paper, considering the effects of different conditions(Ba2+ addition, reaction temperature, pH, settling time) on recovery rate and determination of δ34S BaSO4, the method of converting dissolved SO2-4 into solid BaSO4 was optimized. In addition, the optimized method has been tested in four different types of water samples(rain water, lake water, sewage and seawater) . The results show: 1) The recovery rate of SO2-4 was controlled by the precipitation generating rate and reaction time. Under the condition of the the same reaction time, the precipitation generating rate was positively correlated with the super-saturation ratio and temperature, while negatively with the concentration of H+, and stirring can accelerate the formation of BaSO4 crystals. 2) The optimized pretreatment process is as follows: add appropriate amount of hydrochloric acid and barium chloride to the water sample（pH=2.6, super-saturation ratio≥55）, and stir with a glass rod at a constant speed for 1 minute, heat in a water bath at 90 ℃ for 1 hour, then cool to normal temperature and use filter membrane to collect solid BaSO4. 3) The optimized pretreatment method has been tested in natural samples, the test result shows that dissolved SO2-4can be completely converted into solid BaSO4 within 1 hour without any sulfur isotope fractionization. In rainwater samples with low SO2-4 concentration (3.24 mg·L-1), the conversion rate increased from 0 to 98.7%, and the δ34S value was determined to be about 15.7‰±0.1‰; in lake water samples with medium SO2-4 concentration (30.34 mg·L-1) , the conversion rate increased from 26% to 100%, and the δ34S value was determined to be 5.8‰±0.2‰. While, the recovery rate or δ34S value in sewage and seawater samples with high SO2-4 concentration (140.4～2 516.4 mg·L-1) are close to that got by prevalent method. In conclusion, the optimized pretreatment method effectively increases the recovery rate of low-concentration water-soluble sulfate samples and avoids sulfur isotope fractionization during the conversion process. Evidently, this optimized method is also applicable to samples with medium and high SO2-4concentrations.

Objective To explore the regulative effect of miR-214 on oxidative stress injury induced by hypoxia reoxygenation (H/R) in H9c2 myocardial cells though targeted inhibition of CaMKⅡ. Methods Rat myocardial H9c2 cells were randomly divided into 4 groups, ①control group: H9c2 cells without any treatment; ② H/R group: the myocardial cells were cultured in hypoxia for 24 h and then reoxygenation for 6 h; ③ mimics+H/R group: the myocardial cells were transfected with miR-214 and then cultured with H/R as above; ④ mimics negative control (MNC)+H/R group: the myocardial cells were transfected with miR-214's mimics negative control and then cultured with H/R as above. CCK-8 assay was used to detect the viability of cells. qPCR was adopted to detect the expression of miR-214. Flow cytometry, TUNEL assay, and SOD or MDA detect kits were used to determine the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and cell apoptosis. The association of miR-214 with CaMKⅡ was examined by double-luciferase reporter assay, and their changes at mRNA and protein levels were detected by qPCR and Western blotting. After H9c2 cells were transfected with recombinant adenovirus carrying CaMKⅡ gene or the control adenovirus, the regulative effect of miR-214 on oxidative stress of cells was examined by the above methods. Results CCK-8 assay showed that compared with normal group, the cell viability of H/R group was significantly decreased (P < 0.05), while miR-214 overexpression could obviously increase the cell viability (P < 0.05). qPCR results showed that the expression level of miR-214 was markedly downregulated in the H/R group than the control group, while notable increase of miR-214 was observed in the miR-214 mimics group (P < 0.05). Compared with the normal group, the ROS production, MDA level and TUNEL positive cells were obviously increased, while the SOD level was significantly decreased in H/R group (P < 0.05), but opposite trends were observed when the HR group compared to and the miR-214 mimics group (P < 0.05). TargetScan server indicated that there was binding site of miR-214 and CaMKⅡ. The dual luciferase reporter assay also confirmed that miR-214 could bind to CaMKⅡ in H9c2 cells. In addition, qPCR and Western blot results showed that H/R treatment increased the expression of CaMKⅡ at mRNA and protein levels, but miR-214 significantly inhibited the enhanced expression induced by H/R. Overexpression of CaMKⅡ in H9c2 cells resulted in partially blocked effects of miR-214 on oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by H/R treatment. Conclusion Overexpression of miR-214 can regulate oxidative stress and apoptosis of H9c2 cells by inhibiting CaMKⅡ at the transcription level.

In order to further clarify the detailed description of the distribution characteristics of the micro remaining oil in the reservoir in the middle and high water-cut stage, CT nondestructive analysis was combined with conventional displacement test to analyze the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of micro remaining oil in different displacement stages by means of in-situ comparison technology. The results show that the production effect of micro remaining oil is affected by the size of micro pore throat, the connectivity of pore throat and the spatial dis- tribution of pore throat, etc. The characteristics of remaining oil distribution and occurrence are affected jointly by the main driving force formed by various micro forces and the micro pore throat structure. In the water flooding stage, the production effect is mainly affected by the micro-pore structure, the micro remaining oil in the large pore channel with good connectivity can be migrated for a long distance, with high production effect, while the oil droplets in the small channels with poor connectivity will only be thinned slightly along the edge, with poor production effect. Polymer-surfactant composite flooding is followed by water flooding is conducted, the heterogeneity of micropore throat distribution is the most important factor affecting the production effect, and the production effect of low- permeability and high-permeability cores with high micro-heterogeneity is more obvious. Different injection and production strategies should be applied in different development stages of the oilfield. Homogeneous intervals with large pores should be selected for development in water flooding stage, while heterogeneous intervals with poor water flood- ing sweep effect should be preferentially selected for development in the polymer - surfactant composite flooding stage. The results of the study are of guiding significance for the occurrence and enhanced oil recovery of micro remaining oil in the reservoirs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the northern and especially northeastern areas of China, it is so quite pleasantly cool and dry in the autumn that farmers used to cure peanuts in the field for some days after digging in order to decrease the mass of the peanut plants, and more easily transport and pick up the crop. It indicated that the two-stage harvest might be more suitable to peanut production in the north and northeast areas of China. Based on the viewpoint and theory of combining machinery with agronomy, the main peanut varieties in the western of Liaoning were selected as test materials, the variances of moisture content, and mechanical properties of peanut stems and pegs accompanying the change of curing days were studied by means of an infrared moisture meter and a universal bio-material testing machine. During the test, the curing days of peanut plants in the field after digging was selected as the basic variable, and more than seven days as the time span. The moisture contents of peanut stem and peg, and the tensile strength of the peg and its nodes were measured. The change rules of moisture content of peanut plants during the curing process in the field were obtained, which showed that the change rules of three kinds of peanuts were very similar i.e. the moisture content of the peanut stem and peg dropped rapidly with the extension of curing time in the early drying time (previous two days), and then the moisture content decreased slowly. The change rules of moisture content of peanut plants change tended to be an asymptote from the third curing day, when the moisture contents of the peanut stem and peg were almost no longer dropping, and finally settled around 9%. The moisture content of the peanut peg and its two nodes ranged from 8.48% to 65.68%, and the changes of tensile strength and moisture content in the three kinds of peanuts were quite similar. In the whole curing process, the tensile strength of the peanut peg was always highest, the tensile strength of the peanut-peg node was lowest, and the tensile strength of the stem-peg node was in the middle. The tensile strength of the three key positions of the peg all changed with the moisture content. And the tensile strength of the fresh peanut plants with high moisture content were highest, the tensile strength of peanut peg and its two nodes decreased rapidly in the early curing time, and then dropped slowed until it gradually tended to a constant value. The regression equation of the tensile strength and the moisture content of the peg and its two nodes as obtained by the method of SPSS software were that the fitting coefficient of stem-peg node tensile strength was 0.9891, the fitting coefficient of peanut-peg node tensile strength was 0.9974, and the fitting coefficient of peanut peg tensile strength was 0.9966. And under the experimental condition, the optimal curing days before picking up was preliminarily determined to be 3~5d, and the corresponding moisture content of the peanut peg ranged from 10% to 20%, the tensile strength of peanut peg and stem-peg node ranged from 10N to15N, and the corresponding tensile strength of peanut-peg node ranged from 7N to 9N. The above study results could be used as important references to design a picker and thresher of peanuts and to determine the optimal picking time, as well as deeply research the mechanisms of picking up and threshing with less loss of dropping and damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the cytotoxicity of cytokine induced killer (CIK) and natural killer (NK) cells derived from human peripheral blood on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer in vitro. Methods The MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells were infected with lentivirus containing red fluorescent protein (RFP) and luciferase (Luc) genes. The expression of RFP and Luc genes were detected by florescence microscopy. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from the patients to induce the information of dendritic cells (DCs), CIK and NK cells. Then DCs and CIK cells were co-cultured to induce the formation of DC-CIK cells. The amplification effect and the immunophenotypes of immune cells were detected by flow cytometry. And then the cytotoxicity of immune cells DC-CIK, CIK and NK cells on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were analyzed at different effector-target ratios. Results he effects of DC-CIK, NK and CIK cells on MDA-MB-231 tumor cells increased with the increase of effector-target ratio and the extension of action time. After co-culture of 72 hours, the killing rate of immune cells on target cells reached more than 90%. Conclusion CIK, DC-CIK and NK cells amplified in vitro have apoptosis effects on breast cancer cells.

Objective: To develop the comprehensive prediction model of acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) grades of critically ill patients., Methods: From April 2015 to November 2015, the binary channel gastrointestinal sounds (GIS) monitor system which has been developed and verified by the research group was used to gather and analyze the GIS of 60 consecutive critically ill patients who were admitted in Critical Care Medicine of Chinese PLA General Hospital. Also, the AGI grades (Grande I(-IIII(, the higher the level, the heavier the gastrointestinal dysfunction) were evaluated. Meanwhile, the clinical data and physiological and biochemical indexes of included patients were collected and recorded daily, including illness severity score (APACHE II( score, consisting of the acute physiology score, age grade and chronic health evaluation), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA score, including respiration, coagulation, liver, cardioascular, central nervous system and kidney) and Glasgow coma scale (GCS); body mass index, blood lactate and glucose, and treatment details (including mechanical ventilation, sedatives, vasoactive drugs, enteral nutrition, etc.) Then principal component analysis was performed on the significantly correlated GIS (five indexes of gastrointestinal sounds were found to be negatively correlated with AGI grades, which included the number, percentage of time, mean power, maximum power and maximum time of GIS wave from the channel located at the stomach) and clinical factors after standardization. The top 5 post-normalized main components were selected for back-propagation (BP) neural network training, to establish comprehensive AGI grades models of critically ill patients based on the neural network model., Results: The 60 patients aged 19 to 98 (mean 54.6) years and included 42 males (70.0%). There were 22 cases of multiple fractures, 15 cases of severe infection, 7 cases of cervical vertebral fracture, 7 cases of aortic repair, 5 cases of post-toxicosis and 4 cases of cerebral trauma. There were 33 emergency operation, 10 cases of elecoperectomy and 17 cases of drug treatment. There were 56 cases of diabetes(93.3%). Forty-five cases (75.0%) used vasoactive drugs, 37 cases (61.7%) used mechanical ventilation and 44 cases (73.3%) used enteral nutrition. APACHE II( score were 4.0 to 28.0(average 16.8) points. Four clinical factors were significantly positively related with AGI grades, including lactic acid level (r=0.215, P=0.000), SOFA score (r=0.383, P=0.000), the use of vascular active drugs (r=0.611, P=0.000) and mechanical ventilation (r=0.142, P=0.014). In addition to the five indexes of gastric bowel sounds which were found to be negatively correlated with AGI grades, the characteristics of 333 by 9 were composed of these nine indexes with high correlation of AGI grades. Five main components were selected after principal component analysis of these nine correlated indexes. A comprehensive AGI grades model of critically ill patients with a fitting degree of 0.967 3 and an accuracy rate of 82.61% was built by BP artificial neural network., Conclusion: The comprehensive model to classify AGI grades with the GIS is developed, which can help further predicting the classification of AGI grades of critically ill patients.

Objective: To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at acupoints with different nerve segments on gastric emptying in oxytocin (OT) gene knockout mice, and to explore the role of paraventricular nucleus OT in EA regulating gastric function., Methods: Twenty OT knockout mice and twenty wild-type mice (8-9 weeks old, male and female in half) were divided into a control group, a Zusanli (ST 36) group, a Neiguan (PC 6) group and a Weishu (BL 21) group randomly, 5 mice in each group. The mice in the control group received no acupuncture; the mice in the Zusanli (ST 36) group, Neiguan (PC 6) group and Weishu (BL 21) group were treated with EA at unilateral "Zusanli" (ST 36), "Neiguan" (PC 6) and "Weishu" (BL 21) for 15 min respectively. Subsequently, the mice were treated with intragastric administration with milk loaded with technetium-99m diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid ( 99m Tc-DTPA), immediately followed by scanning of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) to test gastric emptying for 50 min; the original data was collected and analyzed to obtain the half gastric emptying time (GET 1/2), 50-min stomach residue rate and gastric emptying curve., Results: The wild-type mice group:compare with the control group, after EA at "Zusanli" (ST 36) and "Neiguan" (PC 6), the GET 1/2 and 50-min stomach residue rate were significantly reduced, which could improve the gastric emptying of wild-type mice ( P <0.01, P <0.05); after EA at "Weishu" (BL 21), the GET 1/2 and 50-min stomach residue rate were significantly increased, which could inhibit the gastric emptying of wild-type mice ( P <0.01, P <0.05). The OT gene knockout mice group:compared with the control group, EA at "Zusanli" (ST 36) and "Neiguan" (PC 6) had no significant effects on gastric emptying (both P >0.05); after EA at "Weishu" (BL 21), the GET 1/2 and 50-min stomach residue rate were significantly increased, which could inhibit the gastric emptying of OT gene knockout mice (both P <0.01). Gastric emptying curve:the gastric emptying of OT gene knockout mice was significantly faster than that of wild-type mice., Conclusions: The effects of EA at acupoints with different nerve segments on gastric emptying in mice are different, and the knockout of OT gene could accelerate the gastric emptying, and influence the acupuncture effect of several acupoints. It is suggested the paraventricular nucleus OT neurons, as the initiating device of autonomic nervous pathways, might participate in EA regulating the gastric function to inhibit the gastric emptying, with the form of neural and neuroendocrine.

Objective: To develop the prediction model of acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) classification of critically ill patients., Methods: The binary channel gastrointestinal sounds (GIS) monitor system was used to gather and analyze the GIS of 60 consecutive critically ill patients who were admitted in Critical Care Medicine of PLA General Hospital from April 2015 to November 2015 (patients with chronic gastrointestinal disease or history of gastrointestinal surgery were excluded). Meanwhile, the AGI grades were evaluated according to the ESICM guidelines of AGI grading system. Correlations between GIS and AGI classification were examined with Spearman rank correlation. Then principal component analysis was performed on the significantly correlated parameters after standardization. The top 3 post-normalized main components were selected for back-propagation (BP) neural network training to establish primary AGI grade model of critically ill patients based on the neural network model., Results: A total of 1 132 GIS and 333 AGI were collected from 60 patients. The number (P = 0.0005), percentage of time (P = 0.0004), mean power (P = 0.0088), maximum power (P = 0.0101) and maximum time (P = 0.0025) of GIS wave from the channel located at the stomach were negatively correlated with the AGI grades, while the parameters of GIS wave from the channel located at the intestine had no significant correlation with the AGI grades(all P > 0.05). Three main components were selected after principal component analysis of these five correlated parameters. An AGI grade network model including 9 hide layers, with a fitting degree of 0.981 64 was built by BP artificial neural network based on the analysis of these three main components of GIS. The accuracy rate of the model to predict the AGI grade was 70.83%., Conclusion: The preliminary model based on GIS in classifying AGI grade is established successfully, which can help predict the classification of AGI grade of critically ill patients.

Objective: To investigate the expressions of T cell receptor (TCR) signaling CD3γ, CD3δ and CD3epsilon chains in T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in lead-poisoned workers after chelate treatment., Methods: The expression levels of CD3γ, CD3δ and CD3epsilon mRNAs in PBMCs from 16 lead-poisoned workers before and after chelate treatment and 9 healthy individuals were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The β2-microglobulin gene (β2M) was used as an endogenous reference. Relative mRNA levels were calculated by the 2(-δCt)×100%. Spearman correlation analysis was used to estimate the correlations of different gene expression levels between healthy individuals and the patients as well as before and after the treatment., Results: The CD3γ mRNA level in the lead-poisoned workers before and after chelate treatment has no significant difference as compared with that of the healthy individuals. The expression levels of CD3δ mRNA in the lead-poisoning workers before and after chelate treatment were remarkably lower than that of the healthy individuals. After chelate treatment, the CD3δ mRNA level in the lead-poisoned workers was lower than that before treatment. The CD3epsilon mRNA level in the lead-poisoned workers before treatment was obviously higher than that of the healthy individuals, while the expression level of CD3epsilon mRNA decreased after chelate treatment. There were no evident correlations between CD3γ and CD3δ, CD3γ and CD3epsilon, CD3δ and CD3epsilon mRNAs, while CD3γ and CD3δ, CD3γ and CD3epsilon, CD3δ and CD3epsilon mRNAs had markedly positive correlations in the lead-poisoned workers before chelate treatment, and only CD3δ and CD3epsilon had a significantly positive correlation after the treatment., Conclusion: The expression levels of CD3γ, CD3δ and CD3epsilon mRNAs in the lead-poisoned workers showed varied alterations, which indicated that lead poisoning had an impact on human immunity system and affected different genes in different ways. After chelate treatment, CD3δ mRNA level was still different from that of healthy individuals, which indicated that the function of the immunity system was still abnormal.

Objective: To verify whether FN1 and ZNF438 are the androgen receptor(AR) target genes in LNCaP-AI cells and investigate the effects of AR exerts on FN1 and ZNF438 gene expression., Methods: ChIP-PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis were performed to verify the fact that AR acted on FN1 and ZNF438 gene. Subsequently, LNCaP-AI cells were treated with dihydrotestosterone(DHT)and lentivirus transfection to down-regulate AR expression. The expression of FN1 and ZNF438 gene in mRNA and protein levels were analyzed by RT-qPCR and Western blot., Results: FN1 and ZNF438 gene enrichment of AR-ChIP group were 7.274±0.290 and 6.843±0.078, significantly higher than the IgG-ChIP group of 1.004±0.113 and 1.000±0.014 (t(FN1)=34.91, t(ZNF438)=128.377, P<0.05). Differences were statistical significance. After DHT stimulation, the expression of FN1 and ZNF438 gene in mRNA and protein levels were 0.434±0.050 and 0.069±0.042, significantly lower than the control group of 1.000±0.016 and 1.025±0.277 (t(FN1)=18.532, t(ZNF438)=5.905, P<0.05). Differences were statistical significance. Moreover, after AR down-regulation, the expression of FN1 and ZNF438 gene in mRNA and protein levels were 17.579±4.415 and 1.895±0.424, significantly higher than the control group of 1.028±0.445 and 1.041±0.190 (t(FN1)=6.461, t(ZNF438)=3.184, P<0.05). Differences were statistical significance., Conclusions: FN1 and ZNF438 gene are AR negatively regulated target genes in LNCaP-AI cells. The study might provide a new sight to further explore the mechanism of LNCaP-AI cells grow in androgen-depleted conditions.

Objective: To study the short-term results and technological improvement of free anterolateral thigh (ALT) flaps in the reconstruction of circumferential hypopharyngeal defects., Methods: The free ALT flap with a reporter skin paddle was used in 22 cases with circumferential hypopharyngeal defects. The short-term results of reconstructive surgeries and key points, advantages and complications of this technique were summarized., Results: The length of circumferential hypopharyngeal defects ranged from 7 to 9 cm. ALT flap with an area of (8-9) cm × (11-18) cm was harvested. A reporter skin island with the skin area of (2.0-3.0) cm × (2.5-4.0) cm was designed. 91% (20/22) of ALT flaps survived. Two cases with flap necrosis underwent second reconstruction with a pedicled pectoralis major flap. All the patients had patent anastomotic lumen. Good postoperative subjective swallowing evaluation was obtained in 59% (13/22) of patients; 41% (9/22) of patients had acceptable swallowing results. Three patients (14%) presented with postoperative pharyngocutaneous fistula. One case recovered spontaneously in short-term and other two cases received the second reconstructive surgery., Conclusions: The application of free ALT flap with a reporter skin paddle in the reconstruction of circumferential hypopharyngeal defect is technologically easy and reliable, with satisfying swallowing function and limited trauma.

Objective: To investigate the changes in serum amylase (AMY) and lipase (LPS) and their clinical significance in patients with acute paraquat poisoning (APP)., Methods: The clinical data of 62 APP. patients who were admitted to Guangzhou 12th People's Hospital in 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. With clinical death being regarded as the end point of observation, the 62 patients were divided into survival group (n=32) and death group (n=30). The fasting venous blood of the patients on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th day after admission were collected, and the AMY and LPS levels were determined; the obtained data were compared between the two groups and analyzed statistically., Results: The AMY and LPS levels of the survival group on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th day after admission were significantly lower than those of the death group (P<0.05); the AMY and LPS levels of the death group on the 3rd day were significantly higher than those on the 1st day after admission (P<0.05); the survival group demonstrated no significant changes in AMY and LPS levels (P>0.05)., Conclusion: Changes in AMY and LPS levels in APP patients are reliable indicators for the determination of poisoning severity and prognosis.

Objective: To explore the effects of glutamine, eicosapntemacnioc acid (EPA) and branched-chain amino acids supplements in esophageal cancer patients on concurrent chemoradiotherapy and gastric cancer patients on chemotherapy., Methods: From April 2013 to April 2014, a total of 104 esophageal and gastric carcinoma patients on chemotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy were recruited and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Both groups received dietary counseling and routine nutritional supports while only experimental group received supplements of glutamine (20 g/d), EPA (3.3 g/d) and branched-chain amino acids (8 g/d). And body compositions, blood indicators, incidence of complications and completion rates of therapy were compared between two groups., Results: After treatment, free fat mass and muscle weight increased significantly in experiment group while decreased in control group (P < 0.05). And albumin, red blood cell count, white blood cell count and blood platelet count remained stable in experiment group while declined significantly in control group. During treatment, compared to control group, the incidences of infection-associated complication were lower (6% vs 19%, P < 0.05) and the completion rates of therapy were significantly higher in experiment group (96% vs 83%, P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Supplements of glutamine, EPA and branched-chain amino acids can help maintain nutrition status, decrease the complications and improve compliance for esophageal cancer patients on concurrent chemo-radiotherapy and gastric cancer patients on postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.

Objective: To observe the clinical characteristics and regular patterns of subacute 1, 2-dichloroethane poisoning patients for providing evidences to it's diagnosis, treatment and prognosis., Methods: 51 cases of subacute 1, 2-dichloroethane poisoning analyzed. They were divided into 3 groups according to their main clinical manifestation: group A mainly with intracranial hypertension (n = 25), group B with limbs tremor (n = 18), group C with mental and behavior disorder (n = 8). All cases' clinical symptoms, cranial computer tomography, cerebrospinal pressure (Group A) were observed, the durations of the onset, deterioration, improvement, recovery and whole course of the disease were compared between groups and in each group., Results: In all of 51 cases, only the differences between the deterioration duration of cranial CT and symptom was significantly (t = 2.555, P<0.05), which indicate the deterioration of symptom was earlier than radiological change. The symptom deterioration of group C was the fastest than group A and group B (P<0.00). As to the change of symptom duration, group B's improvement, recovery and whole course was the longest comparing with group A and group C (P<0.05). As to the change of cranial CT duration, group B's recovery duration was the shortest and group A's recovery duration was the longest (P<0.01); group B's whole course was also the shortest and group A's whole course was the longest (P<0.05). The clinical course of symptoms, cranial computer tomography, cerebrospinal pressure (Group A) was compared in each group, in group A, the duration of improvement and whole course of the cranial CT and cerebrospinal pressure change was longer than that of the symptom change (P<0.01), this indicated that group A has longer asymptomatic intracranial hypertension and their cranial radiography recover slowly. In group B, their symptoms (3.94 ± 4.31 days) deteriorated is earlier than cranial CT changes (P<0.05), the recovery (92.39 ± 55.04 days) and whole course of symptom was longer than cranial CT change (all P<0.01). In group C, symptom deterioration was earlier than CT deterioration (P< 0.05)., Conclusion: The clinical characteristic of subacute 1, 2- dichloroethane poisoning is central nervous system damage, it differs according to the different stage of course, the regions and severity of pathology lesions.

Objective: Through the analysis of coagulation convention and blood routine parameters of sudden hearing loss (SHL) patients, further prove the correlation of sudden deafness and the the inner ear microcirculation, to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment., Method: Select 424 patients (448 ears) with sudden deafness in our department to SHL group. According to hearing curve is classified into low intermediate frequency descent group, high frequency drop and full frequency group, and drawing 244 cases in the same period of hospitalization deviated septum, vocal cord polyp patients as control group. All patients' coagulation detection, D-dimer, blood leukocytes, neutrophils and platelet count percentages were analyzed. Then a meaningful factor multivariate Logistic regression analysis was made., Result: There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups' prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time measurement, fibrinogen, D-dimer, platelet count, white blood cell, neutrophil ratio(P<0.05); Logistic regression analysis showed that the prothrombin, thrombin time measurement, fibrinogen, D-dimer, neutrophil incidence of sudden hearing loss associated risk factors., Conclusion: SHL in patients with coagulation dysfunction may be involved in the occurrence of SHL development mechanism, and there is a correlation of the SHL and the dysfunction of inner ear microcirculation.

Objective: To evaluate the association between the two single nucleotide polymorphisms located in catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)in Han population in Guangdong province., Methods: Two tagSNPs (rs4646312 and rs4680) were picked out from COMT gene. Using the SNPscan(TM) Kit, SNP genotyping was then performed, in two cohorts, including 595 cases and 725 controls. Finally, Chi-square test, logistic regression model and other methods were employed for statistical analysis., Results: The frequencies of TT, CT and CC of rs4646312 appeared to be 304(51.1%), 234(39.3%)and 57 (8.6%) in cases, 323 (44.6%), 319 (44.0%) and 83(11.4%)in controls, respectively. The frequencies of GG,GA and AA of rs4680 were 311(52.4%), 236 (39.8%) and 46(7.8%)in cases, 417(57.7%), 265 (36.6%) and 41 (5.7%) in controls, respectively., Results: showed that SNP rs4646312 was significantly associated with T2DM both in allelic association analysis (P = 0.020,OR = 1.26, 95%CI:1.04-1.53)and in recessive model (P = 0.022, OR = 1.35, 95% CI:1.05-1.74)after adjustment for sex,BMI and TG. The association between rs4680 and T2DM was not significant, but BMI was remarkably different among the three genotypes of rs4680 after controlling for other factors., Conclusion: SNP rs4646312 of COMT gene was associated with the increased risk of T2DM in Han population in Guangdong province. However, rs4680 was not significantly associated with T2DM.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of nasal packing, septal suture technique and vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) after septoplasty., Method: Ninety patients of nasal septal deviation in Combination with outfracture of the inferior turbinates who had received septoplasty were selected in this study. The patients were allocated into three groups, with thirty in each: for packing group, marcel materials were used for nasal packing after septoplasty; for suturing group, septal suture technique was performed after septoplasty; for VSD group, one drainage tube was used for negative pressure sucking after septoplasty without nasal packing. Postoperative signs and symptoms were compared between three groups. The comfort degree assessment included headache and nasal obstruction were evaluated by using visual analogue scale (VAS) at the 12th hour and 24 hour after operation. The edema in nasal cavity, hemorrhage. abscess,adhesive and healing rates after operation were compared among three groups., Result: The VAS score of headache and nasal obstruction and the severity of patient's conditions were significantly less in septal suture group and VSD group than that in packing group at the 12th and 24th hour after operation. The mucosa edema of nasal cavity was significantly slighter in septal suture group and VSD group than that in packing group at the third day after operation. The healing rates and number of complications are better in septal suture group and VSD group than those in packing group at the 7th day after operation. There were no hemorrhage or abscess in VSD group., Conclusion: Septal suture technique and VSD after septoplasty can significantly relieve the distress of patients and reduce the healing time of mucosa in nasal cavity without increasing the risk of complications.

Objective: To understand the status of mental health among left-behind children in rural area and to explore its relationship with social capital., Methods: A sample of 1 031 left behind children, aged 10-18 years, was randomly selected from six schools of two townships in Macheng city of Hubei province where large number of rural parents were working in the urban area. Data from a cross-sectional survey was collected among the sampled students from primary, middle and high schools, using self-designed questionnaires which targeting the 'left-behind' condition and social capital Mental Health Inventory of Middle-School Students (MMHI-60). Chi-square test was used to compare the differences in mental health among different groups. Spearman correlation and logistical regression analysis were applied to assess the relationship between social capital and mental health., Results: The prevalence of mental problems was 54.12%. Results from linear χ² test indicated that the detection rates of mental problems were parallel with the monthly pocket money and the reduction in the frequency of contacting migrant father/mother (P < 0.01). Results from the multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that students who were senior(OR = 2.410-2.682, P < 0.001), and who reported not caring about their parents (OR = 2.048-2.420, P < 0.001)were at increased risks for mental health problems. After controlling the demographic characteristics and conditions of staying relevant factors, family social capital(OR = 0.845, 95%CI:0.801-0.891), neighborhood social capital (OR = 0.867, 95%CI:0.826-0.910)and school social capital(OR = 0.893, 95%CI:0.863-0.923) were all associated with declined risks of mental health problems, in which the family social capital was the most important one., Conclusion: The prevalence of mental health problems was high among the left-behind children in rural area. Much attention should be paid to assist these children in improving their mental health status. One promising approach appeared to be improving social capitals which would include family social capital, neighborhood social capital, and school social capital to assist these children from avoiding mental health problems.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the immune status of adenoids and secretory otitis media (SOM)., Method: The adenoids tissue samples of 30 cases of recurrent secretory otitis media (SOM), 17 cases of non-recurrent secretory otitis media and 20 cases of the adenoids hypertrophy without SOM were studied by immunohistochemical method., Result: The expression of PCNA, BCL-2, CD4+, CD8+ cells and CD4+/CD8+ in recurrent SOM tissue were 30.85 +/- 1.73, 21.27 +/- 1.25, 41.90 +/- 9.07; 20.45 +/- 7.08 and 2.10 +/- 0.17, respectively, which was remarkably higher than those of non-recurrent SOM, (25.50 +/- 1.66, 14.23 +/- 1.06, 17.40 +/- 6.85, 13.02 +/- 5.88, 1.33 +/- 0.11, respectively) and those of simple adenoid hypertrophy (25.25 +/- 1.75, 14.05 +/- 1.02, 16.30 +/- 8.21, 11.15 +/- 5.71 and 1.39 +/- 0.15, respectively) (P < 0.01); the difference of the expression of PCNA, BCL-2, CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ between the latter two groups was not significant. Differences of the gender or the size were not significant (P > 0.05). In group of simple adenoid hypertrophy, PCNA in the subgroup of the age 3 to 6 was significantly higher than those in the other groups (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: In adenoid tissues of recurrent SOM patients, the activities of T-lymphocyte subsets cells in hypertrophic status increase, the adenoids enlarge and local immunity enhances. The age and gender have nothing to do with the SOM, but low age is one of the influencing factors of adenoid hypertrophy. Therefore, adenoidectomy for recurrent SOM patients with adenoid hypertrophy should be carried out as early as possible.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the relation between the sex ratio of Ericerus pela and its symbiotic bacterial Arsenophonus., Methods: The symbiotic bacterial diversity in male Ericerus pela was determined through sequencing 16S rDNA gene library. PCR amplification for Arsenophonus was performed by using two 16S rDNA specific primers and 23S rDNA specific primer. The molecular detection of Arsenophonus in six geographic populations of E. pela, namely Zhaotong, Kunming, Jinkouhe, Hangzhou, Changchun, and Jianghua, were performed by semi-quantitative PCR. The absolute concentrations of Arsenophonus in E. pela of Zhaotong, Kunming, Jinkouhe geographic populations were determined using absolute quantitative real-time PCR., Results: Two different 16S rDNA sequences were obtained; the sizes were 445bp and 1462bp respectively. A 23S rDNA sequence was obtained, the size was 582bp. Some E. pela individuals of Hangzhou and Jianghua were not infected with Arsenophonus. The contents of Arsenophonus in E. pela of Zhaotong were significantly higher than that of Kunming and Jinkouhe, while the contents of Arsenophonus from the latter two geographic populations were not significantly different., Conclusion: Arsenophonus is not responsible for the sex ratio of E. pela.

Objective: To investigate the influence of TPA treatment on HEp-2 cell line in vitro., Method: HEp-2 cell line cultured in vitro was treated by different concentration levels of TPA. MTT method was used to detect survival cell ratio of HEp-2., Result: Cell growth of HEp-2 after treatment of TPA manifested an peak. The highest peak which was 1.3 to 1.4 times of control cell presented on 10 microg/L concentration level. Cell proliferation ability dropped gradually following increase of TPA concentration., Conclusions: TPA can increase cell proliferation of HEp-2 cell in vitro.

Objective: To study the feasibility and clinical values of occupational noise-induced hearing loss measured, evaluated and diagnosed with transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE)., Method: Pure tone threshold and TEOAE were performed in 11 (22 ears) young adults with normal hearing of control group and 90 (180 ears) noise exposure workers of test group. According to length of noise exposure time, test group was disparted to test 1,2,3 groups. Stimulated tone of TEOAE is non-linearity click of 80 dB SPL., Result: In test group and test 1,2,3 group against control, pure tone threshold in all frequency increased significantly, and correlation, strength and SNR of TEOAE in overall and every frequency declined significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01). To observe test 1,2,3 group, It was found that pure tone threshold in all frequency increased and correlation, strength and SNR of TEOAE in overall and every frequency declined, when length of noise exposure time is increased. In 2.50-3.50 and 3.50-4.50 kHz, measuring values of TEOAE declined most significantly., Conclusion: Occupational noise-induced hearing loss can been measured and diagnosed significantly with TEOAE. The best observed contents is correlation, strength and SNR of TEOAE in overall and every part frequency. The best sensitivity observed frequency parts of TEOAE is 2.50-3.50 and 3.50-4.50 kHz.

Objective: To explore the relation between genetic polymorphisms of NQO1, GSTT1 and risks of chronic benzene poisoning (BP)., Methods: A case-control study was conducted. 152 BP patients and 152 workers occupationally exposed to benzene without poisoning manifestations were investigated. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography(DHPLC) and sequencing were used to detect the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) of the promoter and complete coding-region of NQO1 gene. Multiple PCR was used to detect GSTT1 genotype., Results: In smoking population, there was 7.73-fold (95% CI: 1.71-34.97, P = 0.010) of risk in BP subjects carrying NQO1c. 609 T/T genotype, compared with those carrying C/C and C/T. genotype. In drinking population, the individuals carrying the 6th extron of NQO1c. 609 T/T homozygote genotype had a 11.00-fold(95% CI: 1.89-63.83, P = 0.005) risk of BP compared to those with NQO1c. 609 C/T and C/C genotypes., Conclusion: The subjects carrying NQO1c. 609 T/T genotype and together with the habit of smoking or drinking may be more susceptible to BP.

Objective: To study the effect of dust exposure and smoking on mortality., Methods: Based on the Guangzhou Occupational Health Surveillance Record System established in 1989-1992, 61,648 factory workers, aged > or = 30, occupationally exposed to dust and non-exposure to dust or any other hazardous substances(controls), were included in a prospective cohort study., Results: (1) 28 were lost to follow-up. Malignant neoplasm was most common among 1,186 deaths. (2) Most subjects were male workers, aged 35 to 44, with secondary education, and married. 42.2% had ever smoked and 32.8% were ever-drinkers. (3) To compare with non-exposure, non-smoking + non-smoking and non-exposure respectively, the adjusted RR of death from all causes, malignant neoplasm and respiratory diseases were 1.24, 1.34 and 1.96 respectively for dust exposed workers(compared to control, P < 0.01), 1.16, 1.37 and 1.63 respectively for those smoking(compared to non-smoker except RR of death from respiratory diseases, P < 0.01), and 1.48, 1.85 and 3.12 respectively for those smoking and dust exposure, which were far greater than those either smoked or exposed to dust alone(P < 0.01). (4) The influence of dust exposure on death was mainly showed in occupational exposure to silica dust and wood dust., Conclusion: Both dust exposure and smoking may increase the mortality, and they had synergistic effect.

Objective: To study the main causes of death in workers from different industries in Guangzhou., Methods: The industrial systems in Guangzhou were classified into six categories according to the Chinese Public Health Inspection Statistical Report. Baseline data on 79,547 workers, age > or = 35, were retrieved from individual health records under the Guangzhou Occupational Health Surveillance Record System established in 1989-1992. In this prospective cohort study, the workers' vital status and causes of death were followed up until 31 December 1998. Using SPSS 10.0, crude death rates were calculated and relative risks(RR) (95% CI) were estimated using Cox proportional-hazard models., Results: (1) Among 79,547 workers were 49,355 men and 30,192 women, with mean age of (43.8 +/- 6.5) years, and 64% were aged 35-44. The mean age difference of workers in different industries was +/- 1 year. At baseline, 41% had been exposed to occupational hazards. Exposure was most prevalent in petroleum chemical industry(53.9%), followed by metallurgical industry, and the lowest exposure was in mechanical industry (30.2%). (2) The mean follow-up period was (8.0 +/- 1.3) years with 633,510 person-years. 1,577 workers had died with a total death rate of 248.9 per 100,000 person-years. The death rate in rubber industry was the highest, followed by metallurgical and petroleum chemical industries. Malignant neoplasms, vascular and respiratory diseases were most common, constituting 80.3% of all causes of death. (3) For all causes of death and the three main categories, the top three crude death rates were observed in rubber and petroleum chemical industries, and in the metallurgical industry except for vascular causes. The rubber industry had the highest crude death rate for all and vascular causes, and the metallurgical industry for malignant neoplasms and respiratory causes. (4) With the light industry as a reference (RR = 1.0), the metallurgical industry had the highest adjusted relative risks (RR) (95% CI) of 1.62(1.20-2.18) and 7.42(3.38-16.31) for malignant neoplasms and respiratory causes, respectively. The rubber industry had the highest RR of 1.69(1.40-2.04) for all causes. A significant RR of 2.03(1.43-2.88) for vascular causes was observed only in the rubber industry., Conclusions: The main causes of death varied from industry. Malignant neoplasms and respiratory diseases were the leading causes in metallurgical and petroleum chemical industries. In rubber industry, vascular and respiratory causes were most common. Preventive measures for disease control should be tailor-made for each industry.