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[Objective] To meet the requirements of constant and adjustable rotation speed of rolling barrel and constant rotation speed of rolling barrel when tea is rolled. [Methods] The 6CR-55 single-column disc twisting machine was used as the research object in this paper. Fuzzy control algorithm and PWM closed-loop control method were investigated to study the stable control of rotating speed of rolling drum, and established the mathematical model of rotating speed control system of rolling drum based on the STM32 single-chip microcontroller. The simulation experiments of uncorrected, PID and fuzzy PID algorithm control system were carried out by MATLAB. [Results] Compared with uncorrected control and PID control, the output speed of the fuzzy PID speed control system was more stable and accurate, and the anti-interference ability was stronger. The speed error was controlled within 3 r/min. [Conclusion] The fuzzy PID control method can meet the requirement for the constant and adjustable rotating speed of the rolling drum during tea rolling, and improve the rate of tea forming and cell breakage.

This paper extracted and verified the snow cover extent in Heilongjiang Basin from 2003 to 2012 based on MODIS Aqua and Terra data, and the seasonal and interannual variations of snow cover extent were analyzed. The result showed that the double-star composite data reduced the effects of clouds and the overall accuracy was more than 91%, which could meet the research requirements. There existed significant seasonal variation of snow cover extent. The snow cover area was almost zero in July and August while in January it expanded to the maximum, which accounted for more than 80% of the basin. According to the analysis on the interannual variability of snow cover, the maximum winter snow cover areas in 2003-2004 and 2009-2010 (>180 × 104 km2) were higher than that of 2011 (150 × 104 km2). Meanwhile, there were certain correlations between the interannual fluctuations of snow cover and the changes of average annual temperature and precipitation. The year with the low snow cover was corresponding to less annual rainfall and higher average temperature, and vice versa. The spring snow cover showed a decreasing trend from 2003 to 2012, which was closely linked with decreasing precipitation and increasing temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proposed a dynamic independent component analysis domain fusion scheme based on the redundancy and complementary information of the source image analysis. Based on analyzing the traditional ICA domain grayscale image fusion algorithm, the dynamic ICA method was proposed that choosing the specific image blocks from the source images as training image blocks, which made full use of the redundancy and the complementary information of the source images without considering the type of the image and the ICA domain transform function changes with the source images dynamically. The proposed method was compared with N. M 2007 method and dual tree complex wavelet transform fusion method. The simulation result shows that the proposed method enhances environment applicability, reduces computation, establishes a more comprehensive and accurate expression of the scene information, further improves scene perception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For visible and infrared color fusion images of typical scenes, objective color harmony assessment models are proposed to evaluate the color quality of fusion images without reference images. The harmony between image colors and scene contents for natural scene images (green plants, sea and sky) was evaluated by measuring the similarity between image colors and memory colors of corresponding typical categories, and that for town and building images was calculated by selecting the optimum colorfulness rang. Simultaneously, based on the harmony model of color combination, the weighted harmony model for image color region combinations with different sizes was established using the areas' sum of color regions as the weighting. Above two aspects were combined in the proposed color harmony models for fusion images of typical scenes. Experimental results show that the proposed harmony models are consistent well with the human perception and they can evaluate the color harmony for color fusion images effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A color transfer method for grayscale image colorization based on region histogram texture description is proposed in this article. First a suitable reference image is selected for the grayscale image to be colorized, and linear transformation was applied to the luminance channels of the two images in a de-correlated opponent color space. Then the pixels were matched between two images using pixel neighborhood texture features described by histogram statistics, and the color values of best matching reference image pixel were transferred to the corresponding chromatic channels of grayscale image pixel. Finally the color transferred image is transformed back to the RGB space to be displayed. The result shows that the proposed method has the advantages of high pixel matching accuracy and low computational complexity. The obtained colorized image has better natural colorful feeling than that from image using conventional color transfer methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the somatic mutations of human mitochondria succinate dehydrogenase subunit B (SDHB) in sporadic paragangliomas. METHODS: Eight exons of SDHB gene in 8 sporadic paragangliomas cases were amplified by PCR and sequenced, respectively. The sequences were analyzed to find mutations compared with human homology sequence in Genebank and SNP database. RESULTS: Nine sequence variations were found in 8 cases, in which one mutation was found in one case (1/8, 12.5%). The mutation was identified as the sixty four base pair in exon 2 of SDHB (c.136C>T), resulting in a change from a arginine to a stop codon (p. Arg90X). The left 8 variations were polymorphisms. CONCLUSIONS: The mutation of SDHB exists in sporadic paragangliomas patients and it might play a significant role in paragangliomas tumorigenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To observe the effects of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) on bone formation of tissue engineered bone in dogs. METHODS: Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and EPCs were derived from dog bone marrow and cultured in different medium in vitro. They were seeded on demineralized bone matrix (DBM) to build tissue engineered bone, then the construct was implanted into the fasciae of latissimus dorsi muscle, the degree of bone formation was analyzed with imaging and histological methods at different time points. SPSSI3.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: 4, 8, 12 weeks after operation, X-ray film showed bone mineral density (BMD) in the EPCs group was significantly higher than the control group, and there was significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05); Histological examination revealed that the degree of bone formation in the EPCs group was higher than the control group, the new bone area and blood vessel area between the two groups were significantly different(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: EPCs can promote bone formation and accelerate new bone formation in tissue-engineering bone. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (30872896) and Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Y2008C77). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To explore simple and effective treatment method for temporomandibular joint disorders by investigating 96 temporomandibular joint disorder patients using electroacupuncture pulse stimulation and massage therapy. METHODS: Ninety-six patients with temporomandibular joint disorder including 54 patients with myofacial pain and 42 patients with external pterygoid muscle spasm, were involved and then divided into electroacupuncture group and massage combined with electroacupuncture group equally and randomly, with 48 cases in each group. Patients in the electroacupuncture group only received electroacupuncture pulse stimulation therapy alone at the acupoints in the affected sides, including Shangguan, Xiaguan, Jiache, Tinggong and Hegu acupoint. Patients in the massage combined with electroacupuncture group underwent both electroacupuncture pulse stimulation and massage therapy. Acupoints stimulated in the two groups were same. The therapeutic effect in the two groups was compared using SPSSH.O software package. RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of massage combined with electroacupuncture pulse stimulation therapy was more effective than electroacupuncture pulse stimulation therapy alone, especially for the patients at early stage of myofacial pain. CONCLUSIONS: Electroacupuncture pulse stimulation combined with massage therapy has a good therapeutic effect on early temporomandibular joint disorders. Supported by Medical Health Program of Shandong Province (2001CAICBB2) and Science and Technology Program of Qingdao City (2001-49). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Black soil in northeast region of China was used to investigate the effects of glyphosate on soil respiration, soil cultural bacteria, Rhizobium japonicum and Fusarium oxysporum, to provide a theoretical basis for the evaluation of environmental safety of glyphosate. The results showed that increasing glyphosate concentration increased the inhibition on soil respiration. When glyphosate concentration in soil were 1 mg·kg-1, 10mg·kg-1 and 100mg·kg-1,the risk index were 1.20, 0.322 and 0.076, which were less than the standard index of 20. Glyphosate influenced quantities of soil fungi and actinomycetes. High glyphosate concentration increased the inhibition to population of soil cultural bacteria. With the extended application of glyphosate, soil fungus, bacteria and actinomycetes populations had been restored. Actinomycetes were more sensitive to glyphosate than fungus and bacteria, and soil bacteria had a strong tolerance or degrading ability to glyphosate. Glyphosate impacted on inhibiting Rhizobium japonicum and Fusarium oxysporum, and the inhibition of Rhizobium japonicum was in direct proportion with the concentration of glyphosate. Low glyphosate concentration promoted Fusarium oxysporum populations, while high concentration in hibited them. The extended application time of glyphosate decreased the inhibition of glyphosateon Rhizobium japonicum and Fusarium oxysporum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of bone marrow stromal cell sheet on the formation of tissue-engineered bone in dogs. METHODS: Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) were prepared from homologous bone. DBM was constituted with recombination human bone morphogenetic protein-2(rhBMP-2). And bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs) were isolated from iliac bone of dogs with the method of density gradient centrifugation in vitro. BMSCs induced by osteogenic DMEM at passage 3 were incubated in the temperature -responsive culture dish to form BMSCs cell sheet. BMSCs cell sheet combined with DBM/rhBMP-2/BMSCs was implanted around the vessels of latissimus dorsi muscle in the experimental side, and DBM/rhBMP- 2/BMSCs without BMSCs cell sheet was implanted around the vessels of latissimus dorsi muscle in the control side. 4,8,12 weeks after operation, the ectopic bone formation was investigated by histological observation. The Data were analyzed by two independent samples £--test with SPASS 13.0 software package. RESULTS: Osteogenesis result was experimental side>control side. Newly formed bone tissue of two sides was significantly different (P<0.05). 12 weeks after operation, a large number of lamellar bone and Haversian system formed in the experimental side, with red bone marrow in the bone marrow cavity. Lamellar bone formed in the control side without Haversian system and red bone marrow. CONCLUSION: BMSCs cell sheet could promote the formation of tissue-engineered bone with dense lamellar bone and Haversian system. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (30872896) and Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Y2008C77). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Retinex as a luminance perceptual model based on color consistency is introduced. Illumination image is evaluated using a fast Gaussian filtering and global γ transform to original image value of HSV space. Then the reflection image including intrinsic properties of objects is obtained and image enhancement is achieved. Visual observation and quantitative analysis show that the global enhancement algorithm has significant effect on images affected by real illumination factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to compare the value of CT and SPECT in diagnosis of lower gingival carcinoma invading the mandible. METHODS: From February 2002 to October 2006, twenty-one patients with lower gingival squamous cell carcinoma were enrolled. The data of CT and SPECT were studied, and compared with histopathological findings. RESULTS: Among the 21 patients, the sensitivity, accuracy, negative predictive value and Youden's index of SPECT were 100.00%, 95.24%, 100.00% and 1.00. respectively. While the sensitivity, accuracy, negative predictive value and Youden's index of CT were 80.000%, 80.95%, 20.00% and 0.80, respectively. There were four false negatives assessments of bone invasion(80.00%) by CT scan, while no false negatives by SPECT. CONCLUSIONS: SPECT is superior to CT, and can be used as a routine screening method to assess lower gingival carcinoma invading the mandible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The α-1 antitrypsin Z-mutant protein (ATZ) is the primary cause of α-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD). Studying the ubiquitination modification and degradation of ATZ protein is importance for developing treatments for AATD. STUB1 is an important E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates ubiquitination modification of various proteins. However, whether STUB1 in involved in the ubiquitination modification of ATZ has not been fully elucidated. In this study, the ATZ and STUB1 coding genes were first cloned into the pET28a plasmid, constructing 2 protein expression plasmids. The recombinant plasmids were then transferred into the Escherichia coli for expression. With the optimization of induction temperature and IPTG dosage, the recombinant proteins were successfully expressed. The target proteins were then efficiently purified from cell lysates using metal-chelating affinity chromatography, and the accuracy of the amino acid sequence was verified through protein mass spectrometry analysis. Using the purified ATZ and STUB1, we established an in vitro ubiquitination reaction system. Experimental results showed that, in the presence of ATP, E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme, and E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, STUB1 catalyzed the ubiquitination modification of ATZ. This study provides a method for obtaining the ATZ protein in vitro , elucidates the mechanism of STUB1 mediating ATZ ubiquitination, thereby advancing our understanding of the intracellular degradation mechanism of the α-1 antitrypsin Z-mutant.

Objectives: To study the association of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the adenylyl cyclase IX ( ADCY9 ) gene at rs1967309, rs2230739, rs2601814, rs2601825, rs2601796, and rs2283497 loci and gene-environment interaction with childhood bronchial asthma (asthma for short)., Methods: A total of 123 children with asthma who attended the hospital from March 2019 to September 2021 were enrolled as the asthma group, among whom 84 (68.3%) had mild-to-moderate attacks and 39 (31.7%) had severe attacks. A total of 124 healthy children were enrolled as the control group. The association of the SNPs and haplotypes of the ADCY9 gene at the above 6 loci with the susceptibility to childhood asthma was evaluated. The method of generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction was used to analyze gene-environment interaction., Results: Polymorphisms were observed for the ADCY9 gene at the above six loci in both the asthma and control groups, and there were significant differences in genotype and allele frequencies at the rs1967309 locus between the two groups ( P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the distribution frequency of haplotypes TA and GG between the asthma and control groups ( P >0.05). The generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis showed interaction between rs1967309 locus and allergen contact ( P <0.05), which increased the risk of asthma ( OR =1.585, P <0.05)., Conclusions: The rs1967309 locus of the ADCY9 gene is associated with the susceptibility to childhood asthma, and the locus and allergen contact have a synergistic effect on the development of asthma.

Objectives: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of bosentan in the treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN)., Methods: Chinese Journal Full-text Database, Weipu Database, Wanfang Data, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for literature on bosentan in the treatment of PPHN published up to August 31, 2021., Results: A total of 8 randomized controlled trials were included for Meta analysis. The results of the Meta analysis showed that compared with the control group, the bosentan treatment group had a significantly lower treatment failure rate ( RR =0.23, P <0.001), a significantly greater reduction in pulmonary artery pressure [mean difference ( MD )=-11.79, P <0.001)], significantly greater increases in oxygen partial pressure ( MD =10.21, P =0.006) and blood oxygen saturation ( MD =8.30, P <0.001), and a significantly shorter length of hospital stay ( MD =-1.35, P <0.001). The descriptive analysis showed that the bosentan treatment group had a lower degree of tricuspid regurgitation than the control group after treatment. The main adverse reactions of bosentan treatment included abnormal liver function, anemia and edema. The results of subgroup analysis based on treatment regimen, research area, and drug dose were consistent with those before stratification., Conclusions: Bosentan is effective in the treatment of PPHN. However, when using bosentan, attention should be paid to adverse reactions such as abnormal liver function.

Objectives: To study the association of β2-drenergic receptor ( ADRB2 ) regulatory region single nucleotides polymorphism (SNP)/haplotypes at rs11168070, rs17108803, rs2053044, rs12654778, rs11959427, and rs2895795 loci with childhood asthma., Methods: A total of 143 children with asthma who attended the hospital from October 2016 to October 2020 were enrolled as the asthma group, among whom 61 children had mild symptoms (mild group) and 82 children had moderate-to-severe symptoms (moderate-to-severe group). A total of 137 healthy children were enrolled as the control group. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected from the two groups. The SNaPshot SNP technique was used to analyze the SNP and haplotypes of the ADRB2 regulatory region at rs11168070, rs17108803, rs2053044, rs12654778, rs11959427, and rs2895795 loci in all children. The asthma group and the control group were compared in terms of the association of ADRB2 regulatory region SNP and haplotypes at the above six loci with susceptibility to asthma and severity of asthma., Results: Polymorphisms were observed in the ADRB2 regulation region at the above six loci in both the asthma group and the control group, with significant differences between the two groups in the distribution of genotype and allele frequencies at rs2895795 (-1429T /A), rs2053044(-1023G/A), and rs12654778 (-654G/A) loci ( P <0.05). Linkage disequilibrium of SNP was observed at the six loci of the ADRB2 regulatory region.The haplotypes of TATGCT, TATGGC, and AGTGCT were associated with susceptibility to childhood asthma, among which TATGCT and TATGGC were risk factors for childhood asthma ( OR =1.792 and 1.946 respectively, P <0.05), while AGTGCT was a protective factor ( OR =0.523, P <0.05)., Conclusions: SNP/haplotype of the ADRB2 regulatory region is associated with the susceptibility to childhood asthma. The haplotypes of TATGCT and TATGGC formed by such SNP/haplotype are risk factors for childhood asthma, while AGTGCT is a protective factor.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of long non-coding RNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) in gastric cancer caused by helicobacter pylori (HP) infection. Methods The expression of PVT1 was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in HP-infected normal gastric epithelial cells GES-1. Gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 was transfected with PVT1 small interfering RNA and co-cultured with HP,and then the inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin (IL) -1β,IL-6 and IL-8 were detected. After PVT1 was knocked down,the effects of PVT1 on the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells were examined by cell scratch assay. RNA-pulldown combined with mass spectrometry was used to detect the protein binding to PVT1,and the result of mass spectrometry was verified by RNA-pulldown combined with Western blot. Results In HP-infected normal gastric epithelial cells GES-1,quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that PVT1 was significantly up-regulated ( t =7.160, P =0.019). PVT1 was knocked down in gastric cancer cells,and then infected with HP. The expressions of inflammatory factors including TNF-α ( t =3.899, P =0.011),IL-1β ( t =14.610, P =0.000),and IL-8 ( t =6.557, P =0.001) were significantly inhibited. Although PVT1 knockdown had no significant effect on the proliferation ability of gastric cancer cells,it inhibited the migration of cells. PVT1 might interact with RPS8 protein. Conclusion PVT1 may act as a pro-inflammatory factor and regulate gastric cancer caused by HP infection.

Purpose: To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics of impacted supernumerary teeth in 115 patients., Methods: One hundred and fifteen patients with im-pacted supernumerary teeth who were admitted to the Department of Oral and Max-illofacial Surgery of Hefei Stomatological Hospital were selected randomly. The age, sex, number of teeth, location, direction, clinical manifestation, anaes-thesia method and operation time were analyzed retrospectively, T test and Chi-square test were used to determine the statistical differences with SPSS 19.0 software package., Results: Among 115 patients, there were 176 impacted supernu-merary, most of them were in mixed dentition period (66.96%), the sex ratio was 2.29:1, and Most patients (59.1%) had one supernumerary tooth, followed by two supernumerary teeth(33.9%). Most supernumerary teeth were located in the middle of the maxilla (68.2%). Inverted ones were the most common (52.8%). The most common symptoms were delayed eruption, displacement, crowding, torsion and space of the adjacent teeth. 92.2% of patients underwent general anesthesia. The dee-per the locations of impacted supernumerary were, the longer the operation time was., Conclusions: There are regional characteristics of supernumerary teeth in Hefei City, which can provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

As a kind of Phthalate esters ( PEs ), Di-n-butyl phthalate ( DBP ) is widely employed as plasticizers in the production of polymeric materials. The concentration variation of DBP/n-hexane solution was studied by monitoring the chroma evolution of infrared absorption spectra in conjunction with spectral analysis by using two-dimensional-correlation spectroscopy. Absorption peaks at 742，1 078，1 123，1 281，1 467，1 728，2 873，2 933，2 961 cm(-1) was gained with Fourier transform infrared spectra. The IR spectra was divided into three bands: 400～1 200, 1 200～1 900 and 2 900～4 000 cm(-1), correlation between the absorption peaks and the sequential order of the changes in spectral intensity extracted from synchronous and asynchronous plots indicated that some bong vibrations in 1 123 cm(-1) (Benzene ring surface vibration and OCO bending vibration ), 1 728 cm(-1) (CO bending vibration), 2 873, 2 961 cm(-1) (CH3 concertina movement ) and 3 436 cm(-1) (C—H bending vibration in plane of Benzene) is sensitive to the concentration of DBP. This result showed that the chroma evolution of infrared absorption spectra in conjunction with spectral analysis using two-dimensional-correlation spectroscopy can accurately analyze the concentration of DBP in n-hexane. This research provides a theoretical basis to the detection and analysis of DBP.

The clinical manifestations, radiographic findings, intraoperative view, histopathologic features of synovial chondromatosis（SC） in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) were summarized in 2 cases. Preoperative symptoms included preauricular pain（2/2）, swelling（2/2） and limitation of mouth opening (0/2). X-ray findings showed widened joint space. The articular surface destructed and irregular stippled calcifications were seen in the infratemporal fossa by CT scan in one case. MRI showed multiple small nodular formations in the articular cavity. There was no malocclusion and limitation of mouth opening after surgery. As a rare disease of the temporomandibular joint， SC often exists in superior spaces. The clinical manifestations lack specificity. Detection of calcified loose bodies on radiography was helpful to diagnosis, while final diagnosis was dependent on histopathologic examination with characteristic cartilaginous nodules in the synovial membrane.

Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) is one kind of Phthalate esters (PEs) widely employed as plasticizers in the production of polymeric materials. PEs are dialkyl and alkyl aryl esters of 1,2-Benzenedi-carboxylic acid, which comprise a wide group of compounds. Since these compounds are not linked to the polymeric matrix, they can migrate from their original containers to the surrounding environment, resulting in ubiquitous environmental pollutants. The infrared vibration spectra of isolated DBP was assigned according to DFT calculations by Gaussesview 5.0 software with First Principles. The method of B3LYP of the density functional theory (DFT) at 6-31G* level has been used to calculate its geometrical parameters and convergence criteria. Compared with the Fourier transform infrared spectrum of DBP in 400~4 000 cm-1 band, the characteristic absorption peaks of the simulation spectrum were broadly in agreement, and the position of the peaks were almost corresponding to each other. Considering the influence of the experimental conditions and temperature, theoretical calculations were in good agreement with experimental data. According to the linear fitting of the peak position of the experimental spectra with respect to the theoretical spectra, the correlation degree is more than 99%. This research provides a theoretical basis to the detection and analysis of DBP.

Objective: To investigate the features of white matter myelin development in preterm infants using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)., Methods: A total of 31 preterm infants with a gestational age of ≤32 weeks and a birth weight of <1 500 g were enrolled. According to head MRI findings, these infants were divided into preterm group with brain injury (12 infants) and preterm group without brain injury (19 infants). A total of 24 full-term infants were enrolled as control group. Head MRI and DTI were performed at a gestational age or corrected gestational age of 37-40 weeks. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were measured for the same regions of interest in the three groups., Results: The preterm group with brain injury showed a significantly lower FA value of the posterior limb of the internal capsule than the preterm group without brain injury and full-term control group (P<0.05). The preterm groups with and without brain injury showed significantly lower FA values of frontal white matter and lenticular nucleus than the full-term control group (P<0.05). The FA value of occipital white matter showed no significant differences among the three groups (P>0.05). Compared with the full-term control group, the preterm groups with and without brain injury showed significantly higher ADC values of the posterior limb of the internal capsule, lenticular nucleus, occipital white matter, and frontal white matter (P<0.05)., Conclusions: After brain injury, preterm infants tend to develop disorder or delay of white matter myelination in the posterior limb of the internal capsule. At a corrected full-term gestational age, the preterm infants with and without brain injury have a lower grade of maturity in periventricular white matter and grey matter than full-term infants.

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a benign， proliferative disorder of synovium. It often affects the knee, and rarely occurs in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). This paper reported a 45-year-old male patient with PVNS of the TMJ, who was referred with a chief complaint of slowly growing and painless preauricular mass that was noticed about 1 year. Radical excision and follow-up were conducted, no recurrence and metastasis were noted.

In southern region, the proto- porcelain have been found in large number and its excavation sites are relatively concentrated, thus its processing technique and origin have been studied thoroughly. However, as to proto-porcelain in northern region, the unearthed sites are scattered in distribution and its quantity is less. So there is limited analysis as to the technology. Since shaanxi zhouyuan relics unearthed a large number of proto-porcelain, it is necessary to give detailed analysis to them. In order to explore the technological characteristic of proto-porcelain of Western Zhou Dynasty which was excavated from Zhouyuan site in Shaanxi province, in this article three-dimensional video microscopy system was used to observe the microstructure and energy dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer was used to test the chemical composition of the proto-porcelain body and glaze. The results of microscopic observation indicated that the proto-porcelain body quality was rough and had many unmelting particles and pores; the glaze layer was uneven and distributes many bubbles. The results of chemical composition in the body showed that the content of Al2O3 was between 11.8%～17.21%, SiO2 is 75%～80.5%, K2O is 3%～7.85%. However the content in the glaze of CaO is between 11.08%～23.94%, P2O5 is 1%～3.18%, MnO is 0.24%～1%; the content of MnO, P2O5, K2O in the glaze had improved greatly more than those in the body. The above results showed that the raw materials of proto-porcelain body may use the chinastone which contains more potassium; and the plant ash should be added in the calcareous glaze; the manufacturing characteristic of the proto-porcelain found in Zhouyuan site was still at the primary stage in Chinese porcelain’s history.

Osteoma is a benign tumor, which is composed of mature differentiated bone tissue .Osteoma can be central, peripheral or extraskeletal. Extraskeletal osteoma also is called soft-tissue osteoma. Extraskeletal soft-tissue osteoma is exceedingly rare, especially in the oral cavity. This article reported a case with soft-tissue osteomas in buccal space. The histogenesis, differential diagnosis, pathologic type and treatment were discussed. Surgical resection is suggested as the main treatment for this disease.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical value of suction drainage to prevent fistula after parotidectomy, and seek the best opportunity to remove the drainage according to the draining output and duration., Methods: One hundred and ninety-four patients with parotid diseases after superficial parotidectomy were assigned into pressure dressing group and suction drainage group. Pressure dressing was used after suction drainage tube was removed in the pressure group, while suction drainage tube was fixed through the process in the suction group. Postoperative salivary fistula occurrence between the 2 groups was analyzed with Pearson chi-square test, and the contribution of the output and duration resulting in salivary fistula was analyzed by Fisher's exact test with SPSS 19.0 software package., Results: The occurrence of salivary fistula in the pressure dressing group and suction group was 11.6% and 15.5%, respectively in the suction group. No significance difference was found between the 2 groups (P>0.05). In the suction drainage group, significant correlation of the draining duration and salivary fistula was not found (P>0.05). However, the draining output less than 20 mL resulted in lower salivary fistula rate compared with the draining output of 20-30 mL., Conclusions: According to our findings, suction drainage can be used as a substitute for pressure dressing after parotidectomy in preventing salivary fistula, and the best timing of drainage extubation is when the draining output is less than 20 mL within 24 hours.

This paper extracted and verified the snow cover extent in Heilongjiang Basin from 2003 to 2012 based on MODIS Aqua and Terra data, and the seasonal and interannual variations of snow cover extent were analyzed. The result showed that the double-star composite data reduced the effects of clouds and the overall accuracy was more than 91%, which could meet the research requirements. There existed significant seasonal variation of snow cover extent. The snow cover area was almost zero in July and August while in January it expanded to the maximum, which accounted for more than 80% of the basin. According to the analysis on the interannual variability of snow cover, the maximum winter snow cover areas in 2003-2004 and 2009-2010 (>180 x 10(4) km2) were higher than that of 2011 (150 x 10(4) km2). Meanwhile, there were certain correlations between the interannual fluctuations of snow cover and the changes of average annual temperature and precipitation. The year with the low snow cover was corresponding to less annual rainfall and higher average temperature, and vice versa. The spring snow cover showed a decreasing trend from 2003 to 2012, which was closely linked with decreasing precipitation and increasing temperature.

Objective: To analyze the chemical constituents of volatile oil from flowers of Rhododendron mucronatum., Methods: The volatile oil was extracted by water-steam distillation and analyzed by GC-MS., Results: Forty-nine compounds, which occupied 79.55% of total constituents, were identified. The major constituents were linalool, beta-eudesmene, phytol, benzyl benzoate, benzyl salicylate and nonyl aldehyde., Conclusion: The chemical constituents of volatile oil, which contain many bioactive constituents, are mainly composed of terpenes, esters, and alkanes.

The key of phytoremediation was researches and selecting of dominant species in the lead-zinc tailings. This assay analyzed the amount of heavy metals, and the enrichment and transporting features of heavy metals, such as Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd and Mn, in the dominant species in the district, and then we can select the pioneer plants for ecosystem restoration of the area. Results showed that there were 40 species of higher plants, which belonged to 40 chasses and 22 families in the area. And we selected 15 dominant species by heavy metals. Among these dominant species, the content of Pb in Ficus tikoua was 4. 01 times higher than that in other plants, the transfer factor (TF) was 3.91, and bioaccumulation factor (BCF) was 14.4. The capability of TF and BCF of Ficus zikoua was high, so Ficus tikoua had potentials in phytoremediation of heavy metals in polluted area and its enrichment capability of Pb was worth for the further research. Apart from Ficus zikoua, other 14 kinds of dominant plants had a better tolerance in metal pollution in tailings, and they can be used as pioneer plants of ecological rehabilitation in lead-zinc tailings in Xiashuiwan.

Objective: To investigate the gene mutation in D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissue and to explore the role of the gene mutation in D-loop region in the OSCC tumorigenesis., Methods: mtDNA was obtained from cancer, paracancerous and normal mucosa tissues of thirty patients with OSCC. The D-loop regions of mtDNA were amplified with PCR, sequencing and then analyzed by Chromas software and BLAST to identify the mutation site., Results: Mutation in the D-loop region was found in eight cases, with the mutation rate of 27%. There were nine mutations totally, including one point mutation, two base deletions, three insertion mutations, three heterozygous mutations. In these mutations, base deletions were different from each other and heterozygous mutations had no same mutation form, while the three insertion mutations were same, the insertion of base C. One case had T/A heterozygous mutation and base C insertion at the same time., Conclusions: There were mutations in mtDNA D-loop in OSCC, but the relationship between occurrence of OSCC and mutation of mtDNA needs further study.

In the present study we set up a femtosecond laser ablation MC-ICP-MS method for lead isotopic analysis. Pb isotopic composition of fifteen copper (brass, bronze) standard samples from the National Institute of Standards Material were analyzed using the solution method (MC-ICP-MS) and laser method (fLA-MC-ICPMS) respectively, the results showed that the Pb isotopic composition in CuPb12 (GBW02137) is very homogeneous, and can be used as external reference material for Pb isotopic in situ analysis. On CuPb12 112 fLA-MC-ICPMS Pb isotope analysis, the weighted average values of the Pb isotopic ratio are in good agreement with the results analyzed by bulk solution method within 2sigma error, the internal precision RSEs of the 208 Pb/204 Pb ratio and 207 Pb/206 Pb ratio are less than 90 and 40 ppm respectively, and the external precision RSDs of them are less than 60 and 30 ppm respectively. Pb isotope of thirteen ancient bronze coins was analyzed via fLA-MC-ICPMS, the results showed that the Pb isotopic composition of ancient coins of different dynasties is significantly different, and not all the Pb isotopic compositions in the coins even from the same dynasty are in agreement with each other.

For visible and infrared color fusion images, objective sharpness assessment model is proposed to measure the clarity of detail and edge definition of the fusion image. Firstly, the contrast sensitivity functions (CSF) of the human visual system is used to reduce insensitive frequency components under certain viewing conditions. Secondly, perceptual contrast model, which takes human luminance masking effect into account, is proposed based on local band-limited contrast model. Finally, the perceptual contrast is calculated in the region of interest (contains image details and edges) in the fusion image to evaluate image perceptual sharpness. Experimental results show that the proposed perceptual sharpness metrics provides better predictions, which are more closely matched to human perceptual evaluations, than five existing sharpness (blur) metrics for color images. The proposed perceptual sharpness metrics can evaluate the perceptual sharpness for color fusion images effectively.

Objective: To study the changes in the frontal white matter, the head of the hippocampus, and the anterior cingulate fasciculus metabolites in first-episode patients with positive symptoms of schizophrenia., Methods: Twenty first-episode patients with positive symptoms of schizophrenia underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and proton multi-voxel spectroscopy (1H-MRS) examination. 1H-MRS images were obtained from two sides of the frontal white matter, the head of the hippocampus and the anterior cingulate fasciculus regions. The metabolites detected included N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline-containing compounds (Cho), creatine and phosphocreatine (Cr), and the ratios of NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr and NAA/Cho were determined. The fractional anisotropy (FA) values were measured in the frontal white matter, the head of the hippocampus, and the anterior cingulate fasciculus., Results: The Cho/Cr ratio was significantly reduced in the left frontal white matter (1.18 ± 0.21) of the patients as compared to the right side (1.44 ± 0.34, P<0.05). In the left head of the hippocampus, NAA/Cr (1.34 ± 0.45) and Cho/Cr (1.41 ± 0.39) were significantly reduced compared to those of the right side (1.75 ± 0.15 and 1.76 ± 0.36, respectively, P<0.05). No significant differences in the metabolite levels were found between the left and right anterior cingulate fasciculus (P>0.05). DTI showed similar FA values between the left and right sides of the frontal white matter, the head of the hippocampus, and the anterior cingulate fasciculus (P>0.05)., Conclusions: Patients with positive symptoms of schizophrenia have diminished neuronal integrity and/or function in the left frontal white matter and head of the hippocampus, but not in the anterior cingulate fasciculus.

In clinical practice, we have found that cognitive impairment frequently occurs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, but little is known about its pathophysiological mechanism. Given that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is affected by many factors such as smoking, infection, hypoperfusion and hypoxia, the present study was to explore the expression of BDNF in COPD rats. The rat COPD model was established by passive smoking and intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Rats with the same age and gender ratios were divided into 4 groups: the control group (n = 6), the smoking group (n = 6), the LPS group (n = 6) and the smoking + LPS group (n = 6, COPD model). Level of BDNF in serum was measured by ELISA. And the expression of BDNF in the hippocampus was assessed using the immunohistochemistry and image analysis. The results showed that BDNF in the hippocampus and serum significantly increased in the smoking, LPS and smoking + LPS groups, compared to that in the control group. However, the expression of BDNF was less in the smoking + LPS group than that in the smoking or LPS group both in the hippocampus and serum. In conclusion, the expression of BDNF in the hippocampus and serum is highly increased in the COPD group. Smoking and intratracheal instillation of LPS induce the increase of BDNF level in the hippocampus and serum.

Objective: To construct tissue engineering bone with bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) sheets of dogs., Methods: BMSC were derived from dog bone marrow and cell sheets were prepared with temperature-responsive dishes after the cells were induced by osteogenesis. Allogeneic dogs decalcification bone matrixes (DBM) were prepared. Sixteen dogs were divided into 4 groups. The MSC cell sheets-rhBMP-2-BMSC-DBM were implanted under the left latissimus dorsi myofascial as the experimental side; while the rhBMP-2-BMSC-DBM were implanted in the right side as the control. Ectopic bone formation in vivo was evaluated by histological examination 4, 8, 12, 16 weeks after operation., Results: The osteogenesis in the experimental group was better than that in the control group. New bone area in the experimental side was larger than that in the control group, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05). After 16 weeks, lamellar bone was connected into a film in the experimental group. Haversian system and red bone marrow could be seen., Conclusions: BMSC cell sheets could promote the bone formation of functional tissue-engineered bone.

A Liuli ring was nondestructively analyzed by EDXRF probe, to discuss the characteristic of chemical composition and the producing place of this Liuli ring. The result reveals that the chemical composition of this Liuli ring belongs to PbO-BaO-SiO2 system, which is similar to Chinese special ancient PbO-BaO-SiO2 glass dating from Chunqiu to East Han state. So, it was concluded that this Liuli ring was used Chinese special technology and formula, and was made in China. But on the appearance, this Liuli ring is not like a mature glass, but a faience or frit which is the compound of glass and crystal substance.

Purpose: To observe the effects of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) on bone formation of tissue engineered bone in dogs., Methods: Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and EPCs were derived from dog bone marrow and cultured in different medium in vitro. They were seeded on demineralized bone matrix (DBM) to build tissue engineered bone, then the construct was implanted into the fasciae of latissimus dorsi muscle, the degree of bone formation was analyzed with imaging and histological methods at different time points. SPSS13.0 software package was used for statistical analysis., Results: 4, 8, 12 weeks after operation, X-ray film showed bone mineral density (BMD) in the EPCs group was significantly higher than the control group, and there was significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05); Histological examination revealed that the degree of bone formation in the EPCs group was higher than the control group, the new bone area and blood vessel area between the two groups were significantly different(P<0.05)., Conclusion: EPCs can promote bone formation and accelerate new bone formation in tissue-engineering bone.

Aim: To construct the prokaryotic expression vector of human histone-1, obtain the purified GST-H1 protein, and detect its activity., Methods: Human histone-1 coding region was amplified from human mammary cDNA library, and was inserted into prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-KG. The recombinant plasmid pGEX-KG-H1 was transformed into E.coli Rossate. The expressed product was purified by GST-Sepharose 4B beads and identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis., Results: The DNA fragment of about 650 bp was successfully amplified by PCR, cloned into pGEX-KG, and identified by sequencing. The recombinant protein of about M(r); 52 000 was successfully induced, purified and tested well by Kinase assay., Conclusion: The recombinant protein of GST-H1 is obtained successfully, which lay the foundation for further research on cell cycle control.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the somatic mutations of human mitochondria succinate dehydrogenase subunit B (SDHB) in sporadic paragangliomas., Methods: Eight exons of SDHB gene in 8 sporadic paragangliomas cases were amplified by PCR and sequenced, respectively. The sequences were analyzed to find mutations compared with human homology sequence in Genebank and SNP database., Results: Nine sequence variations were found in 8 cases, in which one mutation was found in one case (1/8, 12.5%). The mutation was identified as the sixty four base pair in exon 2 of SDHB(c.136C>T), resulting in a change from a arginine to a stop codon (p.Arg90X). The left 8 variations were polymorphisms., Conclusions: The mutation of SDHB exists in sporadic paragangliomas patients and it might play a significant role in paragangliomas tumorigenesis.

The chemical composition of some glass samples in Jin and Yuan Dynasty were analyzed by EDXRF, to discuss the technological character of these glass samples. The result shows that the chemical composition of these glass samples is very complex. According to the chemical composition, these glass samples include K2-O-CaO-SiO2, Na2O-CaO-SiO2 and K2O-CaO-PbO-SiO2 glass, and a crystal SiO2 sample which was once considered a glass sample. The reason for the color of all blue glass samples is the existence of CuO, but not CoO.

Purpose: To explore simple and effective treatment method for temporomandibular joint disorders by investigating 96 temporomandibular joint disorder patients using electroacupuncture pulse stimulation and massage therapy., Methods: Ninety-six patients with temporomandibular joint disorder including 54 patients with myofacial pain and 42 patients with external pterygoid muscle spasm, were invloved and then divided into electroacupuncture group and massage combined with electroacupuncture group equally and randomly, with 48 cases in each group. Patients in the electroacupuncture group only received electroacupuncture pulse stimulation therapy alone at the acupoints in the affected sides, including Shangguan, Xiaguan, Jiache, Tinggong and Hegu acupoint. Patients in the massage combined with electroacupuncture group underwent both electroacupuncture pulse stimulation and massage therapy. Acupoints stimulated in the two groups were same. The therapeutic effect in the two groups was compared using SPSS11.0 software package., Results: The therapeutic effect of massage combined with electroacupuncture pulse stimulation therapy was more effective than electroacupuncture pulse stimulation therapy alone, especially for the patients at early stage of myofacial pain., Conclusions: Electroacupuncture pulse stimulation combined with massage therapy has a good therapeutic effect on early temporomandibular joint disorders.

Objective: To investigate the frequency of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop hypervariable region II (HVR II) and hypervariable region III (HVR III) mutations in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and their correlation to provide the new targets for the prevention and treatment of OSCC., Methods: The D-loop HVR II and HVR III regions of mtDNA in seven cases with OSCC tissues, matched with paracancerous tissues and normal mucosa tissues from the same case, were amplified by polymerase chain raction (PCR), then were detected by direct sequencing to find the mutantsites after the comparison of all sequencing results with the mtDNA Cambridge sequence in the GenBank database., Results: 82 (56 species) nucleotide changes, with 51(26 species) nucleotide polymorphism, were found after the comparison of all sequencing results with the mtDNA Cambridge sequence in the GenBank database. 31(30 species) mutations, with 21 located within the HVR II and HVR III regions, were found in 3 tumor tissue samples, their paracancerous and normal mucosa tissue were found more polymorphic changes but no mutation. The mtDNA D-loop HVR II and HVR III regions mutation rate was 42.9% (3/7) in OSCC., Conclusion: The mtDNA D-loop HVR II and HVR III regions were highly polymorphic and mutable regions in OSCC. It suggested that the D-loop HVR II and HVR III regions of mtDNA might play a significant role in the tumorigenesis of OSCC. It may become new targets for the gene therapy of OSCC by regulating the above indexes.

Aim: To construct human Egr-1 promoter luciferase reporter system and study its activity induced by ionizing radiation., Methods: Egr-1 promoter was obtained by human genomic PCR and cloned into pGL3-basic vector. After transfection of recombinant plasmid into human tumor cells, the Egr-1 promoter activity induced by ionizing radiation was detected by luciferase reporter assay., Results: The luciferase reporter system of Egr-1 promoter was successfully constructed. The activity of Egr-1 promoter was substantially increased after different doses of IR and reached to the peak at the time point of 48 h after IR., Conclusion: The Egr-1 promoter was constructed in this study showed IR inducible activity in tumor cells, laying foundation for the research of radiation. mediated gene therapy.

Objective: To measure the bone mineral density (BMD) of mandible and investigate the relationship between mandible and the whole body skeleton BMD., Methods: Healthy volunteers were recruited in north China, which were divided into 6 groups by age: > or = 20, > or = 30, > or = 40, > or = 50, > or = 60 and > or = 70 years older, 10 male and 10 female in each group. Dual-energy X-ray absoptiometery (DXA) was used to measure the BMD of the lumbar spine, the mentum of mandible and the mandibular angle. The results were analyzed statistically., Results: The mineral density (MD) of the mentum was (1.310 9 +/- 0.035 5) g/cm2, the left mandibular angle (1.048 9 +/- 0.013 7) g/cm2, the right mandibular angle (1.0547 +/- 0.014 1) g/cm2, the lumbar spine (L2-L4) (1.121 1 +/- 0.017 2) g/cm2. There was a significant difference in mandibular angle and lumbar MD between men and women (P < 0.05). The MD of mandibular angle and lumbar spine decreased significantly after 50 years of age., Conclusions: The normal BMD of the mandibular mentum, mandibular angles and lumbar spine is obtained. The BMD of the mandibular angles is closely related to that of the lumbar spine. Mandible can be an appropriate measurement site in the evaluation of skeleton BMD status for the forecast of osteoporosis.