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A 3390 gm male baby was born smoothly at 41 weeks' gestation to a 35-year-old, gravida 3, para 3, mother by spontaneous vaginal delivery at this hospital. The mother denied ever having received a blood transfusion. Her first two uneventful pregnancies had resulted in two healthy fullterm infants. Physical examination of the baby showed normal, until 15 hours of age, when apparent jaundice with serum total bilirubin concentration up to 21 mg/dl was noted. The blood types of both baby and mother were group A, Rh(D) positive. Compatibility testing for exchange blood transfusion with group A whole blood showed positive reaction due to the presence of an irregular antibody. Two exchange blood transfusions were performed in the same day with compatible blood. Thereafter, the patient's condition was much improved, he was discharged one week later. The irregular antibody--anti-E was identified in both baby and mother. The maternal RBC phenotyping was CCDee (R1R1), and the baby, CcDEe (R1R2).

A "sandwich" technique of enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit for human alpha-fetoprotein has been developed by using commercially available reagents. The assay range is 0.5-60 ng/ml. Within-run coefficients of variation (C.V.) for 20 determination at three different concentrations were 4.4-10.3%, and between-run C.V. were 4.9-10.8%. The sensitivity and specificity of the kit has been compared with those of two commercially available kits (Abbott and Roche r1 = 0.991, r2 = 0.989.) This kit has some advantages over currently available kits. The assay is incubated in room temperature, no waterbath is required. The solid phase is dry store, it have long shelf life. The kit is inexpensive to operate, and it is suitable for any laboratory.

5 cases of intracanalicular optic nerve injury were treated with decompression by the transorbital-sphenoethmoidal approach. The methodology and a typical case were presented. The indications and principles of the operation were discussed. The authors deemed the procedure facile, safe and with few complications, hence worthy of recommendation for early adoption, preferably within 2 weeks after the trauma for good effect.