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Alzheimer′s disease(AD) is a widely recognized chronic neurodegenerative condition.Drosophila, with its well-defined genetic structure, straightforward experimental methodologies, and the presence of human disease-related genes or highly similar homologous genes, serves as an advantageous model organism.The utilization of Drosophila′s renowned Galactose-regulated Upstream Promoter Element 4-Upstream Activating Sequence(GAL4-UAS) system has led to the development of various AD models.These models facilitate the exploration of AD′s molecular mechanisms and the advancement of drug discovery efforts.This paper reviews the foundational principles, methodologies, and diverse applications of different AD Drosophila models, offering insights and innovative approaches for AD research utilizing Drosophila.

The dynamic effect of capillary pressure in oil-water two-phase percolation flow in low permeability reservoirs was investigated by experiment and numerical simulation. An experimental apparatus was constructed to measure the relationship between the dynamic capillary pressure and water saturation change rate, and the dynamic capillary coefficient of low-permeability cores was calculated. A one-dimensional mathematical percolation model was established to analyze the effect of dynamic capillary pressure on waterflooding process. The dynamic capillary pressure effect is too significant to be neglected. The relationship between the dynamic capillary pressure and the change rate of wetting phase saturation is almost linear. The lower the rock permeability is, the greater the dynamic capillary coefficient and threshold pressure gradient are. One of the reasons for non-Darcy two-phase percolation flow is the dynamic capillary pressure effect. The dynamic capillary pressure in low permeability reservoirs has a significant influence on development indices such as the velocity of displacement front, water breakthrough time, pressure distribution, oil production rate, and recovery factor. Key words: low permeability reservoirs, dynamic capillary pressure, static capillary pressure, dynamic capillary coefficient, non-Darcy flow, waterflooding, development index

The inorganic gel coating diverting agent, which is non-toxic and environmentally friendly, is developed for in-depth water diversion to improve water flooding effect. After being injected into the formation, the agent reacts with the formation water and forms inorganic silicate gel with a density approximating to formation water. The gel suspends in water as a bulk or particulates, scales and forms inorganic gel coating on rock surface by way of adsorption. The dominant channels of deep formation water are narrowed, forming flowing resistance and forcing flow diverting of the subsequent fluid so as to improve water flooding effect. This agent features fast solution, temperature resistance, salt resistance, environmentally friendly, and long-acting. It has been used in different reservoirs with different temperatures and salinity conditions, such as the Lunnan Oilfield of the Tarim Basin, the Yuejin oil region of the Qaidam Basin, and the Dagang Oilfield for in-depth flow profile control. The field applications involve single well group and whole block, with success ratio up to 100%, average injection pressure of well group increasing by 2–3 MPa, and the effective rate of oil production increase and water-cut decrease of producers are over 80%. Key words: in-depth profile control, diverting agent, inorganic gel, coating, field test, effect analysis