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【Objective】Natural disasters such as earthquakes have the characteristics of persistence and wide range. During the occurrence of disasters, the link resources of the optical network will be continuously damaged, resulting in the constant change of the link risk. In the face of constantly changing link risks, improper service recovery planning may cause service failures. From a service perspective, repeated faults will interrupt data transmission many times, and the subsequent link status damage may be aggravated after a disaster occurs. From the perspective of network management and control, repeated recovery wastes route calculation resources and occupies the recovery resources of other services. At the same time, different services have different requirements for transmission reliability because of the importance of the data to be transmitted. When a fault occurs, the high-importance services should be recovered first. Therefore, in the scenario of a large-scale persistent disaster, it is a problem worth studying to comprehensively consider the sustained impact of the disaster on link risk and the difference in path reliability requirements of different services for service recovery. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a link risk-aware service recovery algorithm-Dynamic Link Risk Reroute Algorithm (DLRRA) under persistent disasters.【Methods】Firstly, according to the service importance and link risk, we establish the service importance evaluation model and link risk evaluation model. Then we propose the optimization target route reliability. The DLRRA, combined with the optimization objective, fully considers the change of link risk degree caused by the impact of disasters on the continuity of links. By preferentially allocating low-risk recovery resources to the fault services of high importance, the risk of secondary failure of the same high-importance services is avoided during the continuous occurrence of disasters.【Results】The simulation results show that the second failure probability of DLRRA recovery is reduced by 11% compared with the traditional algorithm, and the average importance of DLRRA recovery under the high load is increased by 10%.【Conclusion】Therefore, the algorithm effectively avoids the loss caused by multiple service interruptions caused, and ensures the continuous and stable operation of important services in the disaster environment.

In response to the problem of excessive dust concentration at the coal mine heading face, a new type of internal and external dual swirl air curtain generator was designed. Numerical simulations and similar tests were carried out to investigate the characteristics of the wind flow field and the dust dispersion pattern at the heading face before and after the application of the device. The results show that the dust concentration at the driver’s position decreases first and then increases with the increase of the jet outlet airflow velocity of air curtain generator, and the empirical relationship between the dust concentration at the driver’s position and the jet outlet airflow velocity is proposed, and a critical wind speed of 35 m/s was determined for effective dust control. The wind curtain generator can form a funnel-shaped swirling air curtain to prevent dust from spreading outwards, and divide the working face into two parts of dust control area and work area. The swirl air curtain reduces the diffusion speed of dust particles by 84% and has a better dust control effect for respirable dust below 5 μm; after the installation of the new swirl air curtain generator, the dust concentration at the driver’s position of the road header is reduced from 337 mg/m3 to 38 mg/m3.

MXene is a two-dimensional (2D) layered material composed of early transition metal carbides, nitrides and carbonitride. Due to MXene's unique layered morphology, high electrical conductivity, high specific surface area, excellent hydrophilicity and good thermal stability, it has broad application prospect in the fields of physics, materials, chemistry and nanotechnology. It can also be used in a variety of scientific fields such as catalysis, energy storage and sensors. This paper mainly reviews the research progress in electrochemical sensors based on MXene. Firstly, the principle, composition, electrode surface modification of electrochemical sensors and the preparation methods of MXene were introduced. Then, the research progress of MXene in electrochemical enzyme sensors, electrochemical non-enzyme sensors, electrochemical immunosensors, electrochemical aptamer sensors and electrochemical molecularly imprinted sensors were reviewed. Finally, the industrialization and commercialization of MXene electrochemical sensing field, and the challenges of the development of new types of MXene were pointed out. The applications of MXene in various analytes and more potential fields were also prospected.

The zinc uptake regulator (Zur) has highly conserved sequences in the plant pathogen Xanthomonas , while its functions are diverse in different strains or races. To elucidate the functions of Zur in Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines ( Xag ), we constructed a zur -deleted mutant (Δ zur ) by homologous recombination. Compared with the wild type, Δ zur demonstrated reduced pathogenicity in the host soybean and reduced ability to trigger hypersensitive responses (HR) in nonhosts such as tobacco, tomato, chili pepper, and eggplant. Additionally, the deletion of zur significantly enhanced Xag 's sensitivity to Zn 2+ , Fe 3+ , and Cu 2+ , induced an imbalance in intracellular zinc homeostasis, decreased extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) production, and down-regulated the expression of extracellular hydrolases (cellulase, endo-glucanase, amylase, and protease). Functional complementation restored the defective properties of Δ zur to the wild-type levels. The qRT-PCR results showed that zur expression was remarkably induced by Zn 2+ . Moreover, the deletion of zur evidently reduced the expression levels of hrp representative genes ( hrpB1 , hrpD6 , hrpE , hrcV , and hrcC ), extracellular hydrolase encoding genes ( engXCA , egl2 , pro1 , pro2 , pro8 , pro11 , and alpha1 ), and EPS synthesis genes ( gumB , gumD , gumK , gumM , gumG , and gumH ) relative to the wild type. In summary, the results suggested that Zur may be involved in pathogenicity in the host soybean and in triggering HR in nonhosts of Xag by regulating the synthesis of virulence factors and the expression of hrp genes. This laid a foundation for further analysis of the mechanism of Zur in Xanthomonas -plant interaction.

Objective: To explore and analyze the clinical features of patients with immunoglobulin (Ig)G4-related hepatobiliary-pancreatic disease and the independent factors affecting the prognosis of IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC). Methods: The clinical data of 179 adult cases diagnosed with IgG4-related hepato-pancreato-biliary disease in the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2011 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into three groups: isolated IgG4-SC, IgG4-SC/type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis(type 1 AIP), and isolated AIP according to the clinical manifestations. Demographic characteristics, baseline biochemical immunological indexes, and imaging manifestations were analyzed. The treatment response rate and survival rate were compared. The COX proportional hazards model was used to analyze the independent factors related to prognosis. Results: The mean age of diagnosis of patients with IgG4-related hepatobiliary-pancreatic disease was 60.3±12.0 years. Males accounted for 74.9%, and the median follow-up time was 38 months. The 1-year clinical response rate of patients with isolated IgG4-SC was lower than that of IgG4-SC/AIP (67.9% vs. 91.7%, P =0.019), and the primary endpoint-free 5-year survival rate was significantly reduced (64.9% vs. 95.9%, P <0.001). COX regression analysis showed that having cirrhosis before treatment ( HR =6.708, P =0.004) and poor response after half a year of treatment ( HR =11.488, P =0.002) were independent risk factors associated with the occurrence of adverse events in hepatobiliary diseases among patients with IgG4-SC. Conclusions: The clinical response rate and survival rate of patients with isolated IgG4-SC are lower than those of patients with IgG4-SC/AIP. Patients with IgG4-SC who do not respond well at six months of treatment and who have progressed to cirrhosis before treatment are at significantly increased risk of adverse events.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of postoperative recurrence in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients with recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) invasion. Methods: The data of PTC patients with recurrent laryngeal nerve invasion treated in Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2006 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The acoustic parameters were compared between different subgroups. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the overall survival (OS) and the recurrence-free rate (RFS), and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the risk factors for postoperative recurrence. Results: A total of 150 PTC patients were enrolled in the final analysis, including 102 females and 48 males, with an average age of (53.5±13.7) years, and 62 patients (41.3%) aged over 55 years. There were 88 cases with stage Ⅰ, and 62 cases with stage Ⅲ. Fifty-five patients presented with preoperative vocal cord paralysis. There were 75 cases appearing adhesion between tumor or lymph node and recurrent laryngeal nerve while 75 cases presented with direct invasion. The comparisons of acoustic parameters showed that patients with RLN invasion had higher jitter compared with patients without RLN invasion [2.3% (1.4%, 3.2%) vs 1.8% (0.8%, 2.6%), P <0.001]. Moreover, patients with preoperative vocal cord paralysis (VCP) had higher jitter[3.1% (2.2%, 4.6%) vs 2.0% (1.1%, 2.8%), P <0.001] and shimmer [7.1% (4.9%, 9.9%) vs 5.5% (4.2%, 7.3%), P <0.001] and shorter maximum phonation time (MPT) [8.0 (6.0, 10.0) s vs 12.0 (10.0, 15.3) s, P <0.001] compared with patients without preoperative VCP. However, there was no statistical difference in acoustic parameters between cases with RLN adhesion and RLN invasion (all P >0.05). Postoperative follow-up time ranged between 12-196 months, with an average of (65.0±35.9) months. Sixteen patients (10.7%) had recurrence or metastasis, and 8 cases (5.3%) died of recurrence or metastasis. The 5-year OS rate was 95.1%, and the 10-year OS rate was 92.8%. The 5-year RFS rate was 88.9%, and the 10-year RFS rate was 86.2%. Univariate Cox analysis showed that age of onset ≥ 55 years, preoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, laryngeal, trachea or esophageal invasion were the risk factors for postoperative recurrence of PTC with RLN invasion (all P <0.05). Multivariate Cox analysis showed that age of onset ≥ 55 years ( OR =1.060, 95% CI : 1.011-1.110, P =0.015) was an independent risk factor. Conclusions: Age of onset ≥ 55 years is an independent risk factor for postoperative recurrence in PTC patients with RLN invasion. Preoperative acoustic parameters may provide reference for evaluation of RLN function.

Objective: To analyze the clinical features of juvenile ossifying fibroma in nasal root and to compare different surgical methods. Methods: Seven cases of juvenile ossifying fibroma occurring in the nasal root were treated via surgery, 5 cases were resected under nasal endoscopy guided by Image Guidance System-based electromagnetic navigation, and 2 cases were resected by lateral nasal butterfly incision. Postoperative follow-up included endoscopy and CT scan of the sinuses. Results: The pathological results of 7 patients were consistent with juvenile ossifying fibroma. Follow-up period ranged from 6 to 45 months, and there were no recurrence or surgical complications. Conclusion: Surgery is the only effective treatment. Endoscopic sinus surgery with image navigation and lateral nasal butterfly incision resection has been deemed available. The external nasal butterfly incision has less bleeding and shorter operation time, but with mild nasal face swelling after surgery, and nasal endoscopy is a surgical method with less damage., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)

Autoimmune liver diseases are a panel of chronic inflammatory diseases caused by abnormal immune attack against hepatocytes or bile duct epithelial cell, including autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC), and overlap syndrome. Currently main drug treatments of autoimmune liver diseases contain corticosteroids, immunosuppressant and other immune-modulation therapy. Using anti-CD20 to deplete B cells has achieved biochemical improvement in patients with IgG4-SC or PBC. There are several clinical trials focus on immune cell transfusion and novel target drug therapy finished or being conducted.

Objective: To study the significance of induction chemotherapy and subsequent comprehensive therapy for overall survival rate (OS) and larynx dysfunction-free survival rate (LDFS) in patients with advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: Patients who met the inclusion criteria with the diagnoses of advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma between 2011 and 2017 received 2 or 3 cycles of TPF regimen induction chemotherapy. Patients who attained complete response (CR) received radical chemotherapy. Patients who attained partial response (PR) and the reduction of tumor volume was more than 70% were defined as large PR and received concurrent chemoradiotherapy. When the tumor volume reduction of PR patients was less than 70%, they were defined as small PR. (CR+large PR) group was defined as effective group. Patients who did not reach CR and large PR were defined as uneffective group and underwent radical surgery and received adjuvant radiotherapy as appropriate after the surgery. The end points of the study were OS, progression-free survival (PFS) and LDFS. Chi-square (χ(2)) test was used for correlation analysis. Survival analysis was performed by the Kaplan-Meier method with a Log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards model was used for univariate and multivariate survival analysis. Results: A total of 260 patients were enrolled in the study. The follow-up period ranged from 5 to 83 months, with an average of 24.7 months. The 3-year and 5-year OS rate was 46.0% and 32.6%, respectively. The 3-year and 5-year PFS rate was 41.0% and 26.6%, respectively. The 3-year and 5-year LDFS rate was 37.9% and 24.8%, respectively. Poor outcome of induction chemotherapy, advanced N stage, strong positive Ki-67 immunohistochemistry (all P <0.001) were negative prognostic factors. The advanced clinical stage was positively related to the poor outcome of induction chemotherapy ( P =0.015). There was no significant difference in OS and PFS between the large PR group and the small PR group (all P> 0.005). Conclusion: TPF regimen induction chemotherapy and subsequent comprehensive therapy for patients with advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma may improve the quality of life of patients, with high OS rate and LDFS rate.

Compound prescription of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), the main form in prevention and treatment of diseases in TCM, has unique advantages in medical practice. New TCM drugs for certain syndromes serve as an important carrier of inheritance and innovation in TCM. The research and development of new TCM drugs for certain syndromes should be based on the theory of TCM, guided by clinical value, and based on the principle of quality, safety and effectiveness. Through the innovative understanding of disease development rules, clinicians carry out academic theory innovation to guide clinical practice, aiming to effectively promote academic innovation and the development of new TCM drugs for certain syndromes. In this paper, we expounded some understanding of the innovation system of TCM, and analyzed the research value of new TCM drugs for certain syndromes. Based on theoretical innovation, the overall research model was preliminarily put forward. Subsequently, a concrete discussion from three aspects, including pharmaco-logy and toxicology, pharmacy and clinic research, was made on the specific process and existing problems of new drug research and development of TCM. Our research group attempts to establish a new drug innovation ecosystem for TCM syndrome, with the purpose of providing reference for other researchers.

Objective: To analyze the differentially expressed genes related to the chemosensitivity with the TPF regimen for hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and to measure potential functional targeting genes expressions. Methods: Twenty-nine patients with primary hypopharyngeal cancer who underwent induction chemotherapy with TPF from January 2013 to December 2017 in Beijing Tongren Hospital were enrolled for microarray analysis, including 28 males and 1 female, aged from 43 to 73 years old. Among them, 16 patients were sensitive to chemotherapy while 13 patients were non-sensitive. Illumina Human HT-12 Bead Chip was applied to analyze the gene expressions and online bioinformatics analysis was used to analyze the differentially expressed genes. Reverse transcription and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to measure the mRNA expression of potential functional genes of TPF induction chemotherapy in 43 samples, 29 from original patients and 14 from additional patients. Graphpad prism 7.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 1 381 significantly differentially expressed genes were screened out. By GO analysis, up-regulated genes included sequestering in extracellular matrix, chemokine receptor binding and potassium channel regulator activity; down-regulated genes included regulation of angiogenesis, calcium ion binding and natural killer cell activation involved in immune response. With KEGG database analysis, down-regulated pathways included ECM-receptor interaction and peroxisome and up-regulated pathways included Glutathione metabolism and PPAR signaling pathway. The expressions of CD44 and IL-6R were significantly different and appeared biologically significant. CD44 was significantly upregulated in insensitive tissues (0.54±0.06) compared with sensitive tissues (0.33±0.04)( P< 0.01). IL-6R was significantly downregulated in insensitive tissues (0.44±0.03) compared with sensitive tissues. (0.68±0.03) ( P< 0.01). Conclusion: CD44 and IL-6R may be potentially functional genes of TPF induction chemotherapy in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of heparin binding protein (HBP) in the diagnosis of adult sepsis by meta-analysis., Methods: The retrospective, randomized controlled and prospective researches on the diagnosis of adult sepsis using HBP were reviewed by searching VIP network, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science from foundation to August 2018. The researches were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and QUADAS was used to evaluate the quality of eligible studies. Metadisc 14.0 was used to analyze the threshold effect, pool the estimation and do Meta regression analysis. Publication bias was assessed using Stata 12.0 with Deeks funnel plot., Results: A total of 728 related literatures were searched and 14 studies were enrolled in this study with a total of 2 023 subjects, with 1 120 in sepsis group and 903 in non-sepsis control group (795 patients with non-sepsis and 108 healthy volunteers). The total score of literature quality was 14-23, indicating that the overall quality was good. Meta-analysis showed that Spearman correlation coefficient between sensitivity logorithm and 1-specificity logorithm of 14 groups of data was 0.106 (P = 0.719), indicating no threshold effect. The pooled sensitivity was 0.74 [95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.72-0.77], the pooled specificity was 0.73 (95%CI was 0.70-0.76), the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 14.15 (95%CI was 7.77-25.78), and the area under summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.865. Deeks funnel plot was asymmetrical on the left and right (P = 0.60), indicating that there was no publication bias of the eligible studies., Conclusions: HBP has good accuracy for the diagnosis of adult sepsis and it can be used as an auxiliary index for adult sepsis diagnosis.

Objective: To compare and analyze patient's general condition, laboratory testing and therapeutic responses of isolated immunoglobulin G4- related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) and immunoglobulin G4 sclerosing cholangitis combined autoimmune pancreatitis (IgG4-SC/AIP). Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on IgG4-SC patients who attended outpatient and inpatients department of our hospital from April 2014 to March 2018 and their demographic characteristics, laboratory testing, and therapeutic responses were statistically analyzed. Normal distribution of continuous variables was compared with t-test, non-normal distribution of continuous variables was compared using the Mann-Whitney U test, and the categorical variables were compared with χ (2) test. Results: 29 IgG4-SC patients were included, including 19-isolated IgG4-SC and 10 IgG4-SC combined AIP (IgG4-SC/AIP). The average age of onset in the isolated IgG4-SC group was (46.06±19.03) years which was lower than IgG4-SC/AIP group (62.60±15.11), t = -2.360, P < 0.05. The median IgG4 in IgG4-SC/AIP patients is higher than that in isolated IgG4-SC, respectively 10.87 (3.73 ~ 20.13) and 3.14 (2.37 ~ 4.78)g/L( U = 159.000, P < 0.05). IgG4/IgG ratio is higher in IgG4-SC/AIP, than that in isolated IgG4-SC, respectively 0.62(0.23 ~ 0.86) and 0.16(0.10 ~ 0.21), U = 130.000, P < 0.05. Liver cirrhosis was more common in isolated IgG4-SC group (47%) than the IgG4-SC/AIP group (0), χ (2) = 9.637, P < 0.05. The median biochemical response time of isolated IgG4-SC group was 3.00 (2.00 to 4.00) months, which was longer than 1.00 (1.00 to 1.25) months of IgG4-SC/AIP group, U = 30.000, P < 0.05. The biochemical recurrence rate of isolated IgG4-SC group was 32%, which was lower than that of IgG4-SC/AIP ( χ (2) = 6.461, P < 0.05). Conclusion: Serum IgG4 level and IgG4/IgG ratio were higher in patients with IgG4-SC/AIP group, and therapeutic responses in isolated IgG4-SC patients were worse than that of IgG4-SC/AIP patients. The efficacy of glucocorticoid monotherapy and immunosuppressive agents combined with glucocorticoid therapy demonstrated no considerable difference in IgG4-SC patients.

Objective: To establish a laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) cell line through primary cell culture and observe its biological characteristics. Methods: Tissue block culture method was used for primary cell culture. After LSCC cells passed 25 times in vitro, the morphology of cells was observed, keratin was stained histochemically, cell cycle was tested by PI-FACS, and the specie of cells was detected by PCR and short tandem repeat(STR) typing. Results: This newly established LSCC cell line was named as TR-LCC-1, most of the cancer cells were polygonal shape, like the cobblestone, loss of contact inhibition and with overlapping growth. Cell size was large and cell pleomorphism was very obvious. Cytokeratin staining was positive. After 6 months of continuous culture in vitro, the TR-LCC-1 cells passed more than 30 times, and cell doubling time was 201.2h. Cell cycle assay indicated that G1 phase accounted for 51.71%, S phase was 44.56%, and G2 phase was 2.28%. Mycoplasma test showed no mycoplasma contamination. Cell species identification identified TR-LCC-1 was human-derived cells. STR detection showed P26 and P6 were same, and they were different from the STR typing of disclosed cells. Conclusion: The establish ment of the new laryngeal squamous carcinoma cell line TR-LCC-1 can be helpful to the research for laryngeal squamous cell cancer.

Objective: To analyze the differentially expressed genes produced by paclitaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil(TPF) regimen induction chemotherapy and the potentially functionally targeted genes of the induced chemotherapy in supraglottic laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma., Methods: A total of 11 tissue samples from patients diagnosed as supraglottic carcinoma who didn't receive any treatment before were analyzed with microarray. The patients were divided into two groups based on their responses to the induction chemotherapy: 7 were sensitive to chemotherapy and 4 were non-sensitive. Gene expressions were detected by Illumina Human HT-12 BeadChip. The bioinformatics analysis online was used to analyze the differentially expressed genes., Results: A total of 1 554 differentially expressed genes related to chemosensitivity were found. Analyzed with GO database, the up-regulated genes included the functional sets of biological adhesion, immune system development and stem cell proliferation, and the down-regulated genes included the functional sets of cell junction organization, phosphorus metabolic process and cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation. Analyzed with KEGG database, the up-regulated pathways included p53, cell adhesion and Ras signaling pathways, and the down-regulated pathways included focal adhesion, endocytosis and ErbB signaling pathways. There were statistically significant differences in the expressions of MAPK10, PIK3R5 and JUN genes, which had biological significance, between sensitive patients and non-sensitive patients., Conclusion: MAPK10, PIK3R5 and JUN may be considered as potentially functional genes of the induced chemotherapy in supraglottic carcinoma.

Maize is one of the most important food crops. Rice black-streaked dwarf virus is a maize rough dwarf disease pathogen. The occurrence and transmission of maize rough dwarf disease brings great damage to maize production. The technology of using artificial miRNA to build antiviral plant has been proven effective in a variety of plants. However, such trials in maize have not been reported. We designed primers based on the sequence of maize zea-miR159a precursor and sequence of function protein genes and silencing RBSDV coding genes in RBSDV genome. We constructed amiRNA (artificial miRNA) gene for silencing RBSDV coding gene and gene silencing suppressor. We constructed pCAMBIA3301-121-amiRNA plant expression vector for transforming maize inbred lines Z31 by using agrobacterium mediated method. After molecular analysis of transgenic maize, homozygous lines with high miRNA expression were selected by molecular detection for a subsequent natural infection experiment. We studied the severity of maize rough dwarf disease according to a grading standard (grade 0 to 4). The experiment results showed that the disease resistance of transgenic homozygous maize with the anti-rough dwarf virus amiRNA vector was better than that of wild type. Among the transgenic maize, S6-miR159 transgenic maize had high disease resistance. It is feasible to create new maize variety by the use of artificial miRNA.

Objective: To identify the genes differentially expressed and underlying molecular mechanism in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma by using cDNA microarrays., Methods: Using Illumina Human HT-12 BeadChip, gene expressions were detected in ten pairs of laryngeal cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues. Total RNA was extracted and reverse-transcribed into cDNA. Labeled cDNA were hybridized with cDNA microarray, data were read and images were scanned. All the samples had passed quality control testing., Results: Through Illumina Genomstudio 1.9.0 Data processing software (P < 0.05 or diffscore>13, diffscore<-13) and multiple displacement t test(FDR<0.05), 426 genes showed statistically significant differences in expressions between laryngeal tumor tissues and corresponding adjacent normal tissues, with 222 up-regulated genes and 204 down-regulated genes in laryngeal cancer tissues. These up- or down-regulated genes were indicated to involve in cellular processes relevant to the cancer phenotype, such as proliferation, cell cycle, chromosome segregation, mitosis and meiosis. These differentially expressed genes also took part in cancer related signaling pathways as well, for instance, metabolic pathways, cell cycle, DNA replication, glutathione metabolism, mucin type O-Glycan biosynthesis, drug metabolism-cytochrome P450 and so on., Conclusion: The set of genes identified here and their functional annotations contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma from the view of multiple gene interactions and provide candidate markers for improving diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of this cancer.

The study aims at cloning the CDS fragment of erk2 gene cDNA in Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goat and analyzing its tissue-specific expression, erk2 gene cDNA was cloned by RT-PCR. The nucleotide sequence was analyzed by Blast and amino acid sequence was analyzed by online softwares SMART and Psite. The tissue-specific expression pattern of erk2 was analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. The expression of erk2 in testis of goat was detected by Immunohistochemistry. The cloned erk2 gene cDNA (GenBank Accession No. JX569765) was 1 083 bp in length, including a complete ORF encoding 360 amino acids residues. The amino acid sequence shares 100% identity with the Bos Taurus ERK2 (Bos Taurus BC133588.1). Analysis by SMART suggests that the encoded protein contained a "TEY" structure and an S-TKc domain possessing serine/threonine kinase catalytic activity. Analysis with Psite indicates one cAMP-/cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation site, 3 protein kinase C phosphorylation sites, 5 casein kinase II phosphorylation sites, 2 protein kinases ATP-binding region signatures and one serine/threonine protein kinases active-site signature in this protein. Analysis by Psort (k-NN prediction) suggestes that this protein most probably is localized in cytoplasm. The results of quantitative RT-PCR show that the expression of erk2 mRNA was higher in heart, skin and breast, whereas lower in spleen and kidney. ERK2 protein was detected in testis by immunohistochemistry.

Objective: To observe the effects of gene therapy and epigenetic therapy on the tumor growth of laryngeal carcinoma and the underlying mechanisms., Methods: The animal model of human laryngeal carcinoma was established by the subcutaneous inoculation of Hep-2 cells at the right armpit of BALB/c nu/nu mice. The tumor-bearing mice were randomized into 4 groups, p53 therapy group(rAd-p53), epigenetic therapy group(5-aza-dC), combination therapy group (rAd-p53+5-aza-dC) and control group. The gene and protein expressions of molecular markers p53 and E-cadherin were detected by FQ-PCR and immunohistochemistry., Results: By the day 20 of the treatments, the mean tumor volumes were(106.09 ± 24.40)mm(3) in p53 therapy group, (166.55 ± 40.11) mm(3) in epigenetic therapy group, (126.11 ± 22.49) mm(3) in combination therapy group,and (252.83 ± 54.09) mm(3) in control group. Both gene therapy (F = 37.30, P < 0.05) and epigenetic therapy (F = 4.79, P < 0.05) inhibited the growth of xenografted tumors, with an interaction effect (F = 22.01, P < 0.05) between the two groups. The integral optical density value of p53 protein expression of p53 therapy group (628.07 ± 95.16) was significantly higher than that of combination therapy group (494.76 ± 100.22), (t = 8.72, P < 0.05). The integral optical density values of E-cadherin protein expression were 558.89 ± 97.58 in p53 therapy group, 380.41 ± 90.60 in epigenetic therapy group, 494.76 ± 102.88 in combination therapy group,and 162.60 ± 40.38 in control group respectively, indicating the enhancements of E-cadherin protein expression by gene therapy (F = 45.24, P < 0.05) or epigenetic therapy(F = 5.73, P < 0.05)and the existence of interaction effect (F = 21.82, P < 0.05) between gene therapy and epigenetic therapy. The expression levels of p53 gene were 4.43 ± 0.12 in p53 therapy group, 1.06 ± 0.11 in epigenetic therapy group, 3.51 ± 0.10 in combination therapy group,and 1.09 ± 0.11 in control group, respectively, showing an interaction effect between gene therapy and epigenetic therapy (F = 298.11, P < 0.05). The expression levels of E-cadherin gene were 4.50 ± 0.34 in p53 therapy group, 2.02 ± 0.16 in epigenetic therapy group, 2.99 ± 0.12 in combination therapy group, and 1.00 ± 0.11 in control group, respectively. The expression of E-cadherin gene was enhanced by gene therapy (F = 329.12, P < 0.05)or epigenetic therapy(F = 88.57, P < 0.05), with an interaction effect between the two therapies (F = 122.17, P < 0.05)., Conclusions: Xenografted tumors of human laryngeal carcinoma cells are inhibited by gene therapy, the epigenetic therapy and the combination therapy. The gene therapy was significantly better than the epigenetic therapy or the combination therapy. There might be antagonistic effect between p53 and 5-aza-dC.

Objective: To study the clinical characteristics and diagnosis of the Johanson-Blizzard syndrome., Method: The clinical characteristics and diagnosing procedure of 1 case with Johanson-Blizzard syndrome were analyzed, and genetic analysis was made in diagnosing procedure, and 28 cases of Johanson-Blizzard syndrome with detailed clinical data were reviewed and analyzed., Result: A one year and nine months old girl, who was initially admitted to the hospital because of fatty diarrhea and increased frequency of defecation. Imperforate anus, and aplastic alae nasi was noticed after birth. On physical examination, short stature, mental retardation, tooth abnormalities and scalp defects were observed. Fat globule was found by routine stool test. Serum biochemistry showed an exocrine and endocrine pancreatic insufficiency, CT scan of the abdomen demonstrated fatty replacement of the pancreas, UBR1 gene analysis showed heterozygous for two missense changes. In all 29 cases, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (72.4%) and hypoplasia of the alae nasi (93%) were the most common clinical manifestations, and sensorineural hearing loss (59%), scalp defects (69%) and hair thinning or upsweep of the hair (44.8%), hypothyroidism (44.8%), absence of permanent teeth (44.8%) and imperforate anus (21%) were also very common, but did not include consanguineous marriage of parents (10.3%)., Conclusion: Johanson-Blizzard syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive multisystem disorder, it is characterized by the association of congenital exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and hypoplasia or aplasia of the nasal wings, and can be diagnosed by clinical characteristics and UBR1 gene analysis.

Seven organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in buckwheat were extracted by a homemade 24 cells auto-pressurized liquid extraction instrument (APLE) and then analyzed by gas chromatography with electronic capture detection. The optimal extraction condition was found to be 100 degrees C and 10 MPa for 5 min with acetone/n-hexane (1:1, v/v) as the extraction solvent. The extraction was performed twice for each sample to obtain complete extraction. The buckwheat was mixed with florisil and active carbon before filling into extraction cells. Concentrated sulfuric acid was used in clean up step of the extractant. The standard mixture of OCPs including alpha-benzene hexachloride (BHC), gamma-BHC, delta-BHC, p, p'-dichloro-diphenyl-dichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE), p,p'-dichloro-diphenyl-dichloroethane (p, p'-DDD), o, p-dichloro-diphenyl trichloro-ethane (o,p-DDT), p,p'-DDT was used for the identification and quantification in gas chromatographic analysis. The absolute recoveries of the 7 organochlorine pesticides were between 68%-126% with the relative standard deviations lower 14.7%. The detection limits were between 0.051 - 0.18 ng/g. The relative recoveries were as high as 116%-148% compared with Soxhlet extraction. It shows that the recoveries of APLE are much better than Soxhlet extraction, and the time of extraction for APLE is only about 15 min which is much less than conventional extraction methods.

The poly (trifluoropropyl) methylsiloxane (PTFPMS) coating was prepared as solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coating by sol-gel technique. The coating has a porous microstructure and the thickness was 10 microm. Since the PTFPMS phase contains the functional group of -C2H4CF3, it exhibits high affinity to compounds containing electron-attracting groups. The PTFPMS phase can withstand desorption temperature up to 280 degrees C. The lifetime of the fiber SPME is more than 150 times. This coating was used to analyse the phenolic compounds in water samples by head-space solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) method. The parameters affecting the extraction efficiency, such as extraction mode, extraction temperature, extraction time, ion strength and pH, were optimized. The limits of detection (LODs) of the method were 0.02 - 1.2 microg/L. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of single fiber and fiber-to-fiber (n = 5 ) were less than 4.4%, and 15.7%, respectively. The results indicated that the sol-gel method has good repeatability for the preparation of the PTFPMS coating.

Objective: To study the teratogenicity and traumatic effect of microcystin LR (MCLR) on pregnant SD rats and their fetuses., Methods: Sixty pregnant SD rats were divided into four groups, 16 in each group: three experimental groups in which MCLR was injected into the abdominal cavity at the doses of 4 microgram/kg, 16 microgram/kg, and 62 microgram/kg respectively for 10 days, and control group injected with normal saline. Twenty days after, the pregnant rats were killed. The development, teratosis, and histology of viscera of the fetuses were examined., Results: Deformities were found in the fetuses of the 62 microgram/kg group and 16 microgram/kg group with the teratogenic rate of 11.70 per thousand (2/172) and 6.76 per thousand (1/155). Petechial hemorrhage and severe hydropic degeneration in liver and maldevelopment of glomeruli and renal medulla were found in 62 microgram/kg group. Mild granular degeneration was found in the liver of fetuses in 4 microgram/kg group., Conclusion: MCLR passes through the placental barrier and causes damage in kidney and liver, which may be the basis of high incidence of liver cancer microgram in the fetus phase.

Objective: To understand the effects of microcystin (MC) in drinking water on health of human beings., Methods: In Taixing, a cross-sectional study was conducted in two middle schools with different types of drinking water, from which 111 and 92 students were randomly selected and investigated. Blood samples from all individuals were collected and tested for serum HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBe, anti-HBs, anti-HBc with enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay and for serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) contents by colorimetry. These levels of enzymes in sera were compared after the students were stratified according to the status of HBV infection., Result: With the exclusion of the effect of HBV infection, three enzymes levels in sera between two groups of students showed significant differences (P < 0.01), much higher in exposure group than those in control group., Conclusion: MC was possibly harmful to human beings in drinking water and induced the contents of some enzymes from the liver of human beings to increase in sera.

Qi-gong relaxation exercise was used for treatment of pregnancy induced hypertension(PIH). Patients exercised 3 times a day until labor. In this study, there were two groups with 60 cases of PIH who had delivered in each group, they were treated by Qi-gong for one group and by medicine for another used as control. The clinical efficacy was evaluated according to PIH combined scores showed effective for 54 cases (90.0%) in Qi-gong group and 33 cases (55.0%) for the control group (P less than 0.01). Meconium stain in amniotic fluid was present in 12 cases (20.0%) in Qi-gong group and 29 cases (48.3%) in the control group (P less than 0.05). The incidence of abnormal hematocrit (greater than 35%) before treatment was 52.4% and decreased to 23.8% (P less than 0.05) in Qi-gong, while in the control group was 35.7% before treatment and 45.2% after treatment (P greater than 0.05). The mean value of blood E2 by RIA showed increased from 22.97 +/- 13.16 micrograms/ml to 33.74 +/- 34.01 micrograms/ml after Qi-gong treatment in 29 cases. The microscopical observation of finger nail capillaries showed various degrees of improvement of microcirculation after Qi-gong exercise for 17 cases and after a course of Qi-gong treatment for 11 cases in Qi-gong group. While for the control group, there was no changes after sit-still for some time.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

CHO cells after being treated by Bt2cAMP (1M), would reverse to the fibroblastoid cell morphologically. The cell body appears spindle, more orientational and polarized. The Bt2cAMP, rendering the cells grow were slowly, did not block them from G1 to S phase. The "contact inhibition" was restored to some degree. The most saturated density of the cells was reduced to 47.4% as compared with the control CHO cells. When CHO cells were treated by Bt2cAMP added with Colcemid (0.05 micrograms/ml), the microtubules (MT) were destroyed. Still, the cells were able to reach the "contact inhibition". The signal of "contact inhibition" may not approach the nucleus via MT.