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As the most abundant cells in blood, red blood cells have been gradually found to not only transport oxygen and carbon dioxide, but also participate in immune regulation in many ways. Recently, many studies have found that red blood cells participate in immune regulation under normal physiological and infectious conditions through TLR9, and confirmed that red blood cells can participate in immune response through surface glycoprotein, and confirmed that red blood cells participate in the progress and immune regulation of infectious diseases through surface complement receptors and binding cytokines. This paper summarizes the research progress of the role of red blood cells in infectious immune response through the above molecules, so as to increase the comprehensive understanding of the role of red blood cells in infectious immunity.

Objective To analyze the factors affecting the efficacy of platelet transfusion and the specificity of HLA-Ⅰ antibodies in tumor patients. Methods Tumer patients applied for platelet transfusion from November 2019 to July 2021 in Sichuan Cancer Hospital province were screened for platelet antibodies. The transfusion efficacy was evaluated and its influencing factors were analyzed, Antibody positive patients were detected for HLA-Ⅰ antibodies. Results The positive rates of platelet antibody and HLA-Ⅰ antibody, as well as the platelet transfusion refractoriness rate were 35.2%(50/142), 32.4%(46/142) and 16.9%(24/142), respectively. The platelet refractoriness rate of platelet antibody positive patients was higher than that of platelet antibody negative patients [30.0%(15/50) vs 9.8%(9/92)] (χ2=9.428, P

In order to enhance the flavor and mouthfeel of Yinhong plum wine, this study investigated the impact of mixed culture fermentation with different non-Saccharomyces yeasts and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the quality of Yinhong plum wine, aiming to identify the optimal yeast combination for mixed culture fermentation. Four non-Saccharomyce yeasts were selected, including Wickerhamomyces anomalus Wa3, Hanseniaspora uvarum Hu12, three strains of Pichia kluyveri (Pk2A2, PkW2 and PkY2), and Pichia guilliermondii Pg1. Plum wine was fermented by sequential inoculation with non-Saccharomyces and S. cerevisiae strain FX10 at a ratio of 1:1, and its quality was comprehensively evaluated by measuring yeast biomass changes, alcohol concentration, glycerol, organic acids, flavor compounds, and sensory characteristics. The results indicated that the growth of both S. cerevisiae and non-Saccharomyces yeasts was inhibited during mixed culture fermentation. Non-Saccharomyces yeasts died during 6–8 days of primary fermentation. Compared with fermentation with FX10 alone as a control, mixed culture fermentation increased glycerol production, decreased lactate and ethanol contents, and reduced the utilization of reducing sugars in Yinhong plum wine. The concentration of aroma-active esters in Yinhong plum wine from mixed culture fermentation (1.293–4.842 mg/L) was significantly higher than that in the control (1.026 mg/L). Particularly, the wine fermented by PkY2 + FX10 exhibited the highest content of ester compounds, which was 4.72 times higher than that of the control. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a significant difference between the wine fermented by P. kluyveri + FX10 and the control group, which was closely associated with elevated levels of ethyl esters and acetic esters, contributing to the intense floral and fruity aroma of Yinhong plum wine. Overall, this study suggested that mixed culture fermentation with P. kluyveri and S. cerevisiae holds promising potential for enhancing the aroma and sensory quality of Yinhong plum wine.

The Lower Shihezi Formation in the eastern part of Sulige gas field has high water content, where the exploitation of tight sandstone gas reservoir is considerably affected by the characteristics of fluid occurrence. Specifically, this study analyzed the porosity, permeability, lithology, pore throat heterogeneity and connectivity and their effects on fluid occurrenceby rock and ore identification, porosity and permeability analysis and NMR centrifugation. Results show that: ①the tight sandstone reservoir in the study area shows poor pore flow capacity, and bound water saturation. The flow capacity is closely related to the gas flow pressure difference (centrifugal force). ②Intercalations play a key role in controlling flow capacity. Abundant kaolinite content indicates that the reservoir has better connectivity, larger pore size and stronger overall pore water flow capacity. Illite has a strong water-holding capacity, which could easily cause capillary obstruction and limited flow capacity. ③The gas flow pressure difference (centrifugal force)is exponentially related to the pore diameter of reservoir pore water flow. ④The critical pore throat radius of the effective reservoir space is 0.089μm, and the mobile water saturation is 23.95% in Xiashihezi Formation in the eastern part of Sulige gas field.

Objective To investigate the preventive effects of early apoptotic splenic mononuclear cells induced by extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) on acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) in mice and explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods 1) Splenic mononuclear cells were extracted from C57BL/6 mice and treated with different concentrations of 8-MOP (50 ng/mL, 100 ng/mL, 200 ng/mL, 300 ng/mL, 600 ng/mL). After treatment, irradiate the cells with 2 J/cm2 of ultraviolet light. Then, use the Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit to assess the early apoptosis rate of the cells and determine the optimal concentration of 8-MOP for the experiment.2) There were 35 SPF-grade female BALB/C mice (H-2Kd) aged 6-8 weeks. After whole-body irradiation with 8Gy X-rays, the mice were divided into five groups: sham irradiation group received intravenous infusion of 0.2 mL of normal saline, the syngeneic bone marrow transplantation group received intravenous infusion of 0.2 mL of BALB/C mouse bone marrow nucleated cell suspension (including a cell count of 1×107), the allogeneic bone marrow transplantation group received intravenous infusion of 0.2 mL of C57BL/6 mouse bone marrow nucleated cell suspension (including a cell count of 1×107), the aGVHD group received intravenous injection of a mixture of C57BL/6 mouse bone marrow nucleated cells (including a cell count of 1×107) and splenic mononuclear cells (including a cell count of 1×107) in 0.2 mL, the ECP prevention group received pre-transplant intravenous infusion of 0.2 mL of ECP-treated splenic mononuclear cells of C57BL/6 mice (including a cell count of 1×107 ) 48 hours before transplantation, and on the day of transplantation, intravenous injection of a mixture of C57BL/6 mouse bone marrow nucleated cells (including a cell count of 1×107) and splenic mononuclear cells (including a cell count of 1×107 ) in 0.2 mL.The preventive effects of ECP on aGVHD were observed, and the concentrations of IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF, IL-4 and IL-6 in mouse serum were measured using CBA. Th1 cell counts were determined by flow cytometry. Results Different concentrations of 8-MOP (50 ng/mL,100 ng/mL, 200 ng/mL, 300 ng/mL, 600 ng/mL) were used to treat mouse splenic mononuclear cells. The early apoptosis rates (%), observed after treatment were as follows: (14.18±0.865) vs (16.76±0.407) vs (18.83±0.404) vs (19.27±0.404) vs (14.5±0.529). The appropriate concentration of 8-MOP was determined to be 200 ng/mL.In vivo experiment, the results showed that the aGVHD group had decreased survival rate, reduced body weight, and increased clinical scores compared to the syngeneic and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation groups (P

For exploring the influence mechanism of fine water mist system parameters on extinguishing mine belt fires, FDS was used to study the cooling characteristics and the fire extinguishing effect of fine water mist under different parameters. From the perspective of particle diameter, spray flow and nozzle spacing, the temperature change and fire extinguishing time in the roadway under fine water mist are compared and analyzed. The results show that the fire extinguishing effect is significantly affected by the system parameters. In a certain range, the fire extinguishing time decreases with the droplet particle size and decreases with the spray flow. Under the same droplet particle size and spray flow rate, the fire extinguishing time becomes larger with the increase of the nozzle spacing. Fine water mist with particle size of 100 m, nozzle flow of 8 L/min, and nozzle spacing of 1 m can quickly reduce the temperature of the fire field and effectively inhibit the spread of fire.

The inhibition of resveratrol on the formation of thermally induced trans fatty acids in peanut oil and its structure-activity relationship were studied by gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography (LC), and theoretical calculation. The results showed that the content of resveratrol decreased with an increase in temperature, and too high temperatures caused a cut-off effect. Resveratrol significantly inhibited the formation of trans fatty acids in peanut oil, and the inhibition rate of total trans fatty acids decreased with increasing temperature. The highest inhibition rate of cis-trans isomerization of fatty acids was 30.30%. The inhibitory effect could be attributed to the energy barrier formed by reducing the rate of isomerization reaction and increasing the amount of trans fatty acids. Its quantitative parameters (intrinsic thermodynamic energy and total entropy) determined the anti-isomerization effect. Moreover, the structure-activity relationship for the anti-isomerization effect was established, which will lay a theoretical foundation for the precise regulation of trans fatty acids.

[Purpose/Significance] This study aims to complement the shortcomings existing in the current research, such as the limited research on the micro-level of enabling rural revitalization and the unclear impact of knowledge services on rural revitalization, in order to strengthen the understanding of the mechanism and path of enabling rural revitalization by agricultural intelligent knowledge services, and to provide theoretical reference and practical solutions for better enabling rural revitalization by the knowledge services and better developing agricultural intelligent knowledge services. [Method/Process] This paper first reviews the literature to understand the current research status of enabling rural revitalization and knowledge services affecting rural revitalization, and then determines the research focus. Based on the three perspectives of data, application and service, this paper explores the enabling basis of agricultural intelligent knowledge services, analyzes the enabling mechanism from the three aspects of agricultural production, farmer life and rural governance, clarifies the necessity and possibility of agricultural intelligent knowledge services enabling rural revitalization, and constructs the internal mechanism of the knowledge services enabling rural revitalization. Moreover, the predicament of agricultural intelligent knowledge services enabling rural revitalization is analyzed from the internal and external aspects, and the performance and impact of these dilemmas are analyzed. Finally, according to the analysis results, the optimization path is proposed from the three dimensions of enabling demand, scene and effect to alleviate the problem. [Results/Conclusions] Agricultural knowledge services have entered the intelligent stage, presenting the characteristics of intelligence, personalization and precision, and have established a good foundation for enabling rural revitalization in terms of data, application and service. By enabling the development of new production modes, the transformation of farmers' multiple identities, and the equal participation of multiple subjects in governance, digital intelligence momentum will be injected into the comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization. However, from the internal perspective of agricultural intelligent knowledge services, there are some shortcomings such as obvious user group bias and the lack of service content. From the external point of view of the knowledge services, there are the challenges of unbalanced infrastructure and low user literacy. These deficiencies and challenges limit the enabling role of agricultural intelligent knowledge services in rural revitalization, which will limit the maximum play of the enabling effects. Accordingly, this paper provides the corresponding solution. First, in-depth research could be carried out on rural revitalization stakeholders and strategic content to clarify the empowerment needs. Second, integrated service platform could be built to integrate and empower scenarios. Third, the promotion model could be constructed to enhance the enabling effect to alleviate the empowerment dilemma.

Micro-pore structure affects the fluid storage and seepage in coal seams.In this paper, six samples from the Jurassic Yan'an Formation coal seam in the Shenmu area of the Ordos Basin were taken as the object of study.The pore distribution characteristics of coal seams were jointly characterized by NMR, CO2 adsorption and N2 adsorption at multiple scales, and the connectivity and homogeneity of microscopic pores were investigated by combining multi-scale joint characiterization with CT scanning.Results show that the micro-pores of coal are the main contributors to the specific surface area and pore volume, followed by meso-pores.There is a good uniformity in the pore size distribution of the micro-pores and meso-pores by combing NMR and adsorption, while considerable differences are found in the macro-pores.Displacement NMR and CT excel in reflecting the degree of connectivity, both of which are consistent in the characterization of connectivity.Parameters such as coordination number and seepage pore ratio can effectively reflect the degree of connectivity of the sample, whose patterns of connectivity is M6>M2>M12>M15>M10>M4.The saturation of bound water shows a satisfactory positive correlation with pore-throat ratio of coal samples.It can be seen that the pore structure has a great influence on the degree of fluid migration, which is the basis for studying and evaluating gas occurrence and seepage.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of different doses of fingolimod (FTY720) on non-antibody-mediated transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI). Methods A TRALI mouse model was constructed using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pre-stimulation and platelets (Plt) of different storage days for second strike. The success of the modeling was determined by protein concentration in lung tissue homogenates, myeloperoxidase (MPo) activity, lung wet/dry weight ratio (W/D ratio), lung tissue damage score and pathological sections. Ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) contents in platelets of different storage days were detected. FTY720 was administered 1 h after LPS injection to investigate the role of FTY720 in TRALI. The expression levels of vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) were analyzed by WB. Results Mice infused with stored 5-day Plt (d5Plt group) exhibited typical signs of TRALI, and the differences in lung tissue homogenate protein concentration (6 546.38±409.50) μg/mL, MPO activity (49.38±4.43) U/L, W/D ratio 4.79±0.21, and lung tissue damage score 7.24±0.38 from the rest of the groups were statistically significant (P

To reveal the potential distribution characteristics of Phoebe zhennan in Guizhou Province and its response mode to environmental factors. Based on the geographical distribution points of P. zhennan in Guizhou Province, this study used MaxEnt and ArcGIS methods combining with 30 environmental factors such as climate, soil and topography to predict the potential habitat of P. zhennan in Guizhou Province and analyze the main environmental factors affecting the growth of P. zhennan. The results were as follows: (1) The AUC of MaxEnt model had an average value of 0.843, which indicated that it could well predict the geographical distribution of P. zhennan in Guizhou Province. The northeast of Guizhou Province was the key area of it’s potential habitat, with a decreasing trend from north to south and from east to west. The high suitable areas were mainly located in Tongren City, northeastern Guizhou Province and mid-eastern Zunyi City, northern Guizhou Province. The middle suitable and low suitable areas were concentrated in northern Tongren City, north-central Miao and Dong autonomous prefecture in southeastern Guizhou Province, Guiyang, northeastern Bijie City and northeastern Buyi and Miao autonomous prefecture in southern Guizhou Province. Other areas were not suitable for P. zhennan to grow. (2) The potential distribution area of P. zhennan in Guizhou Province was 80 013.47 km2, which accounted for 45.4% of the whole province's land area. The high suitable area covered 30 565.66 km2, and the share of high suitable area was 17.4%. (3) Environmental factors including isothermality (Bio3), precipitation of the warmest quarte (Bio18), precipitation of the wettest month (Bio13), precipitation of the driest month (Bio14), min temperature of the coldest month (Bio6) and temperature seasonality (Bio4) were the main environmental factors affecting the potential distribution of P. zhennan in Guizhou Province. In conclusion, the results elucidate that the geographical distribution of P. zhennan in Guizhou Province and the main environmental factors affecting its distribution are of great significance. The results of this study will provide a scientific basis for seedling expansion, afforestation promotion, development and utilization of P. zhennan in Guizhou Province.

The precipitation characteristics and the formation mechanism of heavy precipitation in Liaoning Province in different stages caused by the northward-moving tropical cyclone (TC) "Bavi", are analyzed based on the routine observations, the Doppler radar data, the tropical cyclone data from the Central Meteorological Observatory, the numerical model prediction data, and the global reanalysis data. The results are shown below. (1) The heavy precipitation in Liaoning Province can be divided into three stages: the stage of long-distance influence by the TC, the stage of outer spiral rainband influence by the TC, and the stage of TC body influence. In the first two stages, convective heavy precipitation occurred in Liaoning Province. In the second stage, the convective intensity was weaker than that in the first stage, while in the third stage, stable precipitation occurred in Liaoning Province with weak intensity. (2) The northward movement of TC "Bavi" provided continuous transport of water vapor and energy for precipitation in Liaoning Province. Dry and cold air effect and frontogenesis forcing were present in both the long-distance and outer spiral rainband influence stages. The strong frontogenesis developed in Liaoning Province due to the warm and moist air transported by the TC. Through frontogenesis forcing, vertical convection was formed under the convective instability in the first stage, and inclined convection was formed under moist symmetric instability in the second stage, respectively, which led to convective heavy precipitation being generated in both stages. At the stage of TC body influence, the TC degraded rapidly, and Liaoning Province was located at the west side of TC, where both thermal and dynamic forces weakened significantly. At the same time, it lacked proper cold air, and frontogenesis developed weakly, resulting in weak precipitation. (3) The heavy precipitation area in the stage of outer spiral rainband influence corresponded to the strong frontogenesis area at 850 hPa that is certainly indicative for forecasting of precipitation caused by the TC.

[Purpose/Significance] From the perspectives of strategic planning and implementation, this paper explores the development characteristics, development trend and practice path of agricultural knowledge service, and provides reference for the digitalization and intelligent development of agricultural knowledge service under the background of data-driven intelligence, and serves to support major national strategies such as rural revitalization and digital countryside construction. [Method/Process] In order to analyze the characteristics of agricultural knowledge service, this paper analyzes and summarizes the service from the perspectives of industry and discipline. In terms of industry, it focuses on the analysis of industry positioning of agricultural knowledge service, while in terms of discipline, the subject characteristics of agricultural knowledge service are analyzed. In order to grasp the development trend of agricultural knowledge service, this paper analyzes the service development course from the historical perspective and reveals the development trend. Finally, based on the above conclusions, combined with the needs of national strategy for agricultural knowledge service in supporting strategic development and serving rural construction, the development suggestions of agricultural knowledge service were put forward, including two levels of strategy and implementation. [Results/Conclusions] About the characteristics of agricultural knowledge service, under the perspective of industry, agricultural knowledge service takes knowledge service as the core; from the perspective of discipline, agricultural knowledge service is characterized with the service based on the agricultural field. From the development stage, agricultural knowledge service has gone through three stages. The first stage is the exploratory period of interwoven development with agricultural information service. The second stage is characterized with the explosive development of platformization. It is now entering the third stage - the stage of data-driven intelligence. From the perspective of the development trend, this stage is characterized with precision, intelligence, digitalization and knowledge. In order to promote the innovative development of agricultural knowledge service and better serve and support the national strategy, this paper puts forward development strategies, including the strategic level and the implementation level. At the strategic level, agricultural knowledge service should be guided by national strategies and policies, optimize the distribution of knowledge service, maximize the benefit of resource and service allocation, focus on the key points of national strategic development, and give priority to meet the key needs of national strategic development. At the implementation level, agricultural knowledge service should implement intra-industry and extra-industry cooperation, integrate superior resources, and promote the coordination between the service supply and the service demand, so as to build a harmonious knowledge service ecology.

Objective To establish RH gene mRNA sequencing method based on nanopores sequencing and to explore the RHD and RHCE mRNA transcripts in D positive and Del individuals. Methods From March 2021 to May 2022, 5 RhD positive samples and 5 Del samples screened out by hospitals in Chengdu were sent to our laboratory for futher examination. The erythrocytes and buff coat were isolated, then DNA and RNA were extracted.All 10 samples were genotyped by PCR-SSP. After the mRNA was reversely transcribed into cDNA, the full-length mRNA of RHD and RHCE genes were simultaneously amplified by a pair of primers. Sanger sequencing and third-generation sequencing technology based on Nanopore were used to sequence the amplified products, and the types and expressions of different splices of RHD and RHCE gene mRNA transcripts were analyzed. Results The method established in this study can simultaneously amplify the full length transcripts of RHD and RHCE. Ten different RHD gene mRNA transcripts and nine RHCE gene mRNA transcripts were detected in 10 samples. RHD full-length transcript (RHD-201) can be detected in RhD Del type, but the expression amount was significantly lower than that in RhD positive samples. The expression amount of transcript RHD-207 (Del789) in Del samples was significantly higher than that in RhD positive samples. The transcript RHD-208 (Del8910+ 213) was only detected in RhD Del type individuals, and no significant difference was found between other RHD transcripts and all RHCE transcripts in the two phenotypes. Conclusion In this study, an analytical method for sequencing full-length transcript isomers of RHD and RHCE mRNA via the third generation was successfully established, and complex alternative splicing patterns were found in RHD and RHCE genes, providing a new method for the study of alternative splicing of blood group gene variants mRNA.

Traditional orchard production is facing problems of labor shortage due to the aging, difficulties in the management of agricultural equipment and production materials, and low production efficiency which can be expected to be solved by building a smart orchard that integrates technologies of Internet of Things(IoT), big data, equipment intelligence, et al. In this study, based on the objectives of full mechanization and intelligent management, a smart orchard was built in Pinggu district, an important peaches and pears fruit producing area of Beijing. The orchard covers an aera of more than 30 hm2 in Xiying village, Yukou town. In the orchard, more than 10 kinds of information acquisition sensors for pests, diseases, water, fertilizers and medicines are applied, 28 kinds of agricultural machineries with intelligent technical support are equipped. The key technologies used include: intelligent information acquisition system, integrated water and fertilizer management system and intelligent pest management system. The intelligent operation equipment system includes: unmanned lawn mower, intelligent anti-freeze machine, trenching and fertilizer machine, automatic driving crawler, intelligent profiling variable sprayer, six-rotor branch-to-target drone, multi-functional picking platform and finishing and pruning machine, etc. At the same time, an intelligent management platform has been built in the smart orchard. The comparison results showed that, smart orchard production can reduce labor costs by more than 50%, save pesticide dosage by 30% ~ 40%, fertilizer dosage by 25% ~ 35%, irrigation water consumption by 60% ~ 70%, and comprehensive economic benefits increased by 32.5%. The popularization and application of smart orchards will further promote China's fruit production level and facilitate the development of smart agriculture in China.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) with a variety of bioactive molecules can be continuously secreted during the storage of blood components, which can promote cell-cell interaction and mediate cell-to-cell signal transmission. EVs are widely involved in inflammation, metabolism and immunization. In recent years, studies have reported that EVs in the blood components can not only cause transfusion-related lung injury through activating neutrophils, but also act on monocytes to stimulate inflammatory response. EVs can play different regulatory effects on the immune system of patients. In this review, the role and mechanism in transfusion-related immunomodulation (TRIM) of EVs in different blood components have been summarized.

Extracorporeal photopheresis(ECP) is a bidirectional cellular immunomodulatory therapy based on leukapheresis, which can mediate not only immunopotentiation but also immunosuppression. Clinically, ECP has been observed to have good efficacy in the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma(CTCL), graft versus-host disease(GVHD) and solid organ transplant rejection, also the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has approved ECP for the treatment of CTCL. The treatment guidelines for GVHD in the US and Europe also include ECP, however, there is a lack of relevant guidelines in China. Although the exact mechanism of ECP is not fully explained, recent studies provide a theoretical basis for a further understanding of the bidirectional regulation of ECP.The initial hypothesis was the combination of 8-methoxypsoralen(8-MOP) and ultraviolet A(UVA) to induce apoptosis of immune cells. As the research progressed, this idea was transformed into the differentiation of monocyte to dendritic cell(DC), cytokine alteration and the regulatory T cell(Treg) stimulation.In this article, the current exploration of the immunomodulatory mechanism in ECP and its clinical application were reviewed, also the latest molecular mechanism of ECP mediated immunopotentiation and immunosuppression was comprehensively analyzed, meanwhile the further promotion and clinical application of ECP in China had been prospected.

Objective To analyze the genetic background of RhD-negative blood donors by detecting RHD and RHCE genes of those donors. Methods From March 2021 to May 2022, the blood samples of RhD-negative blood donors, who had been screened out by RhD primary screening and confirmatory experiments in the Yaan Blood Center, were firstly identified whether the RHD allele was completely deleted, then whether there were deletions in 10 exons of non-RHD allele complete deletion samples, finally, the remaining samples without RHD alleles and exon deletions were further analyzed by DNA sequencing. RHCE gene was detected by SSP-PCR method. Results Among the RHD gene test results of 104 RhD-negative samples, 65 cases were completely deleted (d/d), 33 were RHD partially deleted (one allele deletion), and 6 were without RHD gene deletion. The RHD alleles of 33 samples with partial deletion were detected by 10 exons, 13 had partial exon deletion, with genotype as RHD*D-CE(3-9)-D/d and phenotype as RhD negativity, and the remaining 20 samples had no exon deletion. The exon sequencing results of the non-deletion samples showed RHD*1227A/RHD*1227A in 6 samples, RHD*1227A/d in 19, RHD*3A/d in 1; both of the last two were considered Del by ISBT. The RHCE gene test results showed that all cc genotype blood donors were RhD true negative, while Del blood donors had no cc genotype. Conclusion Through the genetic background study of RhD negative blood donors, it is found that there is a high proportion of Del with weak expression of RhD antigen, whether this blood type affects clinical blood safety needs further researches.

Platelet transfusion is an irreplaceable method to treat patients with platelet reduction in Hematology Department and Oncology Department. However, immunogenic platelet transfusion refractoriness is a huge challenge to patients who require repeatedly platelet transfusion. Therefore, mechanisms and reasonable transfusion strategies should be formulated to improve immunogenic platelet transfusion outcomes. This article aims to review the research progress and prospects concerning mechanisms and solutions of immunogenic platelet transfusion refractoriness, and provide rational transfusion strategies for platelet transfusion refractoriness patients, thus improving platelet transfusion outcomes.

Objective To investigate the effect of trehalose added to M-Sol on platelet preservation at 4℃ in vitro. Methods Seven bags of ABO homotype concentrated platelets were randomly selected and divided into 7 groups according to storage temperature, preservation medium and trehalose concentration: 22℃+ PRP group, PRP group, M-Sol+ PRP group, M-Sol+ PRP+ 1 g/L trehalose group, M-Sol+ PRP+ 5 g/L trehalose group, M-Sol+ PRP+ 15 g/L trehalose group and M-Sol+ PRP+ 25 g/L trehalose group. PRP group and M-Sol preservation groups were stored at 4℃. Plt, PDW, MPV, maximum aggregation, CD62p positive rate, GLU and LAC concentration were detected on the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th day after preservation, and the changes of GLU and LAC concentration within 7 days were calculated. Results With the extension of preservation time, Plt decreased in all groups, and there was no significant difference among groups at the same time (P>0.05). PDW and MPV increased in all groups. When preserved to the 7th day, the PDW 10.22±0.43(fL) and MPV 8.74±0.40(fL) of M-Sol+ PRP+ 5 g/L trehalose group were the lowest, which was significantly different from that of 22℃+ PRP group (P0.05). During the preservation period, the maximum aggregation degree of each group decreased gradually. Except for the PRP group, the maximum aggregation degree of the M-Sol+ PRP+ 5g/L trehalose group was the highest(27.29±6.62), which was significantly higher than that of the 22℃+ PRP group on the 7th day after preservation (P

Objective To investigate the factors in frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles that affecting the pregnancy outcome. Methods The clinical data of 1 169 couples who underwent FET in Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital from January, 2017 to December, 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate analysis and Logistic multivariate regression analysis were performed to identify the factors which influence pregnancy outcome of FET cycles. Results The clinical pregnancy rate of 1 169 FET cycles was 50.13%. Univariate analysis showed that female patients ＞35 years old or infertility duration ＞ 6 years significantly had a reduced embryo implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate (P＜0.01). But the embryo implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were increased by blastocyst or multiple embryos transfer (P＜0.01). Multiple embryo transplantation increased embryo implantation rate (P＜0.05) and endometrial thickness ＞12 mm increased clinical pregnancy rate (P＜0.05). Logistic multivariat regression analysis showed that elder age and decreasing number of optimal embryo transplantation were risk factors for clinical pregnancy rate (P＜0.01). Conclusions Patients age, embryo age and the number of transplanted embryos of high quality are the main factors affecting the pregnancy outcome of FET. Elder age is a risk factor for clinical pregnancy outcome.

Blood transfusion, an important auxiliary means of clinical treatment, however, is not absolutely safe and risk-free as the transfusion-associated RBC alloantibodies being a potential risk. The yielding rate of RBC alloantibodies in Chinese Han population is about 0.2%, and the researches concerning its production mechanism is particularly critical due to its important clinical significance in patients′ future blood transfusion or pregnancy. This paper reviews the current research status of red blood cell alloantibodies associated with blood transfusion and its susceptibility factors.

Plasma is widely used in clinical, but the reliable evidence-based medical evidences that can guide clinicians to properly use plasma are limited, and inappropriate use may even cause deterioration of the disease and serious adverse reactions. Based on the relevant international blood transfusion guidelines and published clinical trial studies, this paper aims to summarize the evidence-based basis of plasma in clinical applications, discuss the safety and efficacy of plasma applications under different conditions, and provide assistance to clinical practice and scientific research of plasma in the future.

With Agriophyllum sargassum powder, mixed grain powder, mixed beans powder and filling powder as the main raw material, the D-optimal mixture design was used to study the effect of different mix proportion on the comprehensive score of simulated Agriophyllum sargassum compound meal replacement powder, the regression model was established between comprehensive score with distribution proportion, the interaction effect of each raw material in the formulations was researched, the optimal formulations of Agriophyllum sargassum compound meal replacement powder was determined as follows: Agriophyllum sargassum powder 22%, mixed grain powder 39%, mixed beans powder 35% and filling powder 4%. Under this formula condition, the protein nutrition value analysis of meal replacement powder showed that the SRCAA and EAAI values of meal replacement powder were 82.02 and 63.14, respectively, indicating that the protein nutrition of meal replacement powder was better. Combined with BV, NI, SRCAA and EAAI indexes, the nutritional value of meal replacement meal protein was comprehensively evaluated. The results showed that the Agriophyllum sargassum compound meal replacement powder had higher nutritional value.

In recent years, graphene-based aerogels (GAs) have been extensively studied owing to the excellent characteristics of low density, high specific surface area and porous structure, which show great potential in many applications. The disadvantages of traditional bulk graphene-based aerogels, for instance, strong device-dependence, large size and poor scalable production, limit their practical application and development. Meanwhile, conventional preparation techniques ignore the requirements of materials shape and size for specific application scenarios. As a new aerogels display form with novel structure, graphene-based aerogel microspheres (GAMs) not only have various advantages of GAs but possess properties of flexible and controllable size and scalable production, which tremendously enrich the application scenarios of GAMs.The fabrication methods and structure of GAMs, as well as the application fields of water pollution treatment, electromagnetic wave absorption and electrocatalysis were elaborated in this review.Meanwhile, the internal mechanism of GAS during molding assembly process was also pointed out.

Electromagnetic interference problems have become an increasing issue with the rapid development of wireless information technologies, which has attracted global attention. The key solution to this challenge is to develop materials that can absorb electromagnetic waves. The ideal absorbing material should be a structural material integrating load bearing, heat protection and strong absorption. The carbon-based, ceramic-based composites and their electromagnetic absorption properties in recent years were summarized in this review. The ultimate goal of these absorbers is to achieve broader effective absorption frequency bandwidth at a thin coating thickness. The synthesis methods, structures and electromagnetic wave loss mechanism of several typical and well-received composites were introduced. The superiorities, research status and main problems of absorbing materials were described. Based on these progresses, the potential development direction of absorbing materials in the future was predicted.

A study has been conducted based on the drilling data and geochemical data from the Y1 Well in Chengkou of Northeastern Chongqing, including total organic carbon (TOC), kerogen microcomponent, equivalent vitrinite reflectance (Ro) and carbon isotope composition, which are the organic geochemistry characteristics of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation shale. The characteristics of shale gas accumulation were determined by analyzing the microstructure, homogenization temperature and laser Raman data of fluid inclusions in the shale. Results show that carbonaceous shale is well developed in Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation and Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in the Y1 Well. Organic-rich shale (TOC>2%) has a thickness up to 83 m. The kerogen type of the samples is mainly TypeⅠ, belonging to the moisture hydrocarbon generation stage. Numerous hydrocarbon inclusions and hydrocarbon-rich brine inclusions with methane gas in the fractured veins of shale indicate that the shale of Wufeng Formation-Longmaxi Formation in the Chengkou area has been supplied with sufficient shale gas. The associated brine inclusions with high homogenization temperature and high salinity indicate good preservation conditions during the shale gas accumulation period in the Chengkou area. The exploration results of the Y1 Well reveal good exploration prospects for shale gas in the lower Paleozoic strata in the Chengkou area.

Underwater friction stir welding (FSW) on 7A04-T6 aluminum alloy plates was carried out, and the effect of rotation rate on microstructure and mechanical properties of joints was investigated. The results show that the minimum hardness of underwater FSW joints is located in the thermo-mechanically affected zone. The hardness of welded joints at the high rotation rate of 950r/min exhibits W-shaped distribution, and the average hardness value in the nugget zone is higher than that of welded joints at the low rotation rate of 475, 600, 750r/min. When the rotation rate increases from 475r/min to 750r/min with a constant welding speed of 235mm/min, the precipitated phases in the nugget zone gradually become coarse, and the ultimate tensile strength coefficient of the joint decreases from 89.71% to 82.33%; when rotation rate increases to 950r/min, the precipitated phases dissolve into aluminum matrix during welding, and age after welding. This produces the fine and homogeneous dispersed phases, which results in an increase of the strength coefficient to 89.04% and a certain enhancement of strain hardening capacity and elongation for the joints. All the tensile fracture surfaces exhibit the mixed characteristics of microporous polymerization and cleavage fracture.

Objective To investigate the mechanism and effect of columnar balloon dilatation therapy on treating patients with severe dysphagia caused by upper esophageal sphincter (UES) achalasia after stroke. Methods Sixty -four patients with severe dysphagia caused by UES achalasia after stroke were diagnosed through Video Fluoroscopic Swallowing Study (VFSS) and esophageal dynamics testing. The patients were randomly divided into control group (N = 32) and treatment group (N = 32). Patients in control group were treated with routine drug treatment and routine rehabilitation training, while patients in treatment group were treated with columnar balloon dilatation therapy on the basis of routine treatment. The treatment end point was either the patient resuming an oral diet or after 4-weeks treatment. All cases were evaluated by swallowing function of VFSS, high resolution manometry (HRM) and scores of the severity of dysphagia before treatment and at treatment end point. Results Compared with before treatment, UES resting pressure (P = 0.000) and residual pressure (P = 0.000) were significantly decreased, peak pressure was significantly increased (P = 0.000), duration of relaxation was prolonged (P = 0.000), and scores of the severity of dysphagia were significantly increased (P = 0.000, 0.000) in both groups after treatment. Compared with control group, UES resting pressure (P = 0.001) and residual pressure (P = 0.000) were significantly decreased, peak pressure was significantly increased (P = 0.002), duration of relaxation was prolonged (P = 0.000), and scores of the severity of dysphagia were significantly increased (P = 0.000) in treatment group after treatment. Until the treatment end point or after 4-week treatment, the total effective rate in treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group [93.75% (30/32) vs. 81.25% (26/32); χ2 = 4.010, P = 0.000]. Conclusions Columnar balloon dilatation therapy is effective for reducing the tension of upper esophageal sphincter and relieving spasm after stroke. It has obvious therapeutic effect on the upper esophageal sphincter achalasia. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2017.03.005

Micro alloy metals P or P/Cu/Zn were added into Sn-Bi alloy to investigate the doping effects on microstructure, mechanical property, deformation fracture from the function of P in pure tin. The results show that doping 1%( mass fraction, same as below) P to pure tin can improve the strength and stiffness, decrease the plasticity. Only 0.1%P additive degenerates the mechanical property of Sn-Bi alloy, this is related to the existing form of element P in the base metal and the microstructure of the base metal. In Sn base alloy, P is distributed in phase or grain boundaries in the form of Sn-P intermetallic compounds (IMC), restricting the diffusion and shifting of deformation. Therefore, Sn-1P alloy, IMC distributed in beta-tin base plays a role of strengthening in pure tin doped situation, in Sn-Bi alloy instead, enhancing the deformation mismatch under loading becoming the weak spots where cracks may initiate and propagate, and leading to brittle fracture . Finally, addition of P/Zn/Cu simultaneously to Sn-Bi alloy, the doping can optimize the microstructure, improve the strength and enhance the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of Sn-Bi alloys.

7A04 aluminum alloy plate was jointed by submerged friction stir welding(SFSW), and welded joints were treated (Post Weld Heat Treatment, PWHT), and the effect of post weld heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties in SFSW was investigated. The results show that PWHT joints exhibit dispersively distributed fine precipitates phase morphology, are significantly superior than the feature of the small amount of precipitates with dispersed distribution in SFSW joints. Compared with SFSW joints, the mechanical properties of joints are improved significantly by PWHT. The average hardness of the weld joints nugget zone is increased by 39.7HV, and the tensile strength is increased by 67MPa, reaches 96.1% of the base material, strain hardening capacity of the joints is also enhanced, the tensile fracture exhibits mixed fracture feature of microporous polymerization and cleavage.

Accurate determination of boron in coal is significant to the understanding of the original peat-forming environment. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a reliable technique to determine most trace elements in coal samples. However, the procedure for the determination of boron is complex and the results are inaccurate, due to the special chemical and physical properties of boron, such as high volatility. In this study attempts to determine boron in coal samples using an improved procedure of ICP-MS technique with microwave digestion are made. Samples were digested in a microwave oven with H3PO4, HNO3 and HF, and then were heated to remove acid on the heating plate. Due to the high volatility of halogenides of boron, phosphoric acid was added to chelate the boron which minimizes boron volatilization during heating. Beryllium was added online as the internal standard, which compensated for matrix effects. Diluted ammonium hydroxide solution was used as the wash solution, which significantly reduced the memory effect of boron. Measurement was taken under high resolution mode, in order to minimize spectral interference from 12C and 40Ar4+. The instrument detection limit was 0.22 ng/mL, and the method detection limit was 0.34 ng/mL with high sensitivity and accuracy, verified by standard materials. The results show that this method is a simple and rapid procedure, and can be used for routine determination of boron for batch coal samples.

The paper introduced installation framework, application characteristics and existed problems of model KJ95N safety monitoring and control system in No.1 Mine of Honghui Coal Mine. It indicated that the system should be reformed from four aspects, namely reformation from single-channel to multi-channel, reformation from single-bus to industrial Ethernet +field bus, reformation from master-slave to non master and reformation from simple data monitoring to integrated data analysis.

In order to optimize the technology of increasing stress resistance and yield of cassava, five concentrations of rooting powder solution (0, 10.0, 20.0, 40.0, 60.0 mg·L-1) for soaking seeds and two soaking time (6, 12 h) were set up by taking the non-soaking treatment as the control group (CK). Then, their effects on the agronomic traits, storage root yield and quality of cassava were studied. The results showed that: compared with no seed soaking, after soaking in the rooting powder solution with the concentration of 20.0, 60.0 mg·L-1 for 6 h and soaking in the solution with the concentration of 20.0-60.0 mg·L-1 stem diameter of cassava was significantly increased. After soaking in the rooting powder solution with the concentration of 20.0 mg·L-1 for 6 h, the length and diameter of storage root was significantly increased. After soaking in the rooting powder solution with the concentration of 0, 10.0, 60.0 mg·L-1 for 12 h, the length of storage root was significantly increased. After soaking in the rooting powder solution with the concentration of 0, 40.0, 60.0 mg·L-1 for 6 h and soaking in the solution with the concentration of 40.0, 60.0 mg·L-1 for 12 h, the diameter of storage root was significantly increased. After soaking in the rooting powder solution with the concentration of 20.0 mg·L-1 for 6 h, the fresh storage root yield was significantly increased by 42.3%, the starch yield was significantly increased by 49.9%, and the harvest index was significantly increased by 10.5%. In conclusion, soaking the seed stem of cassava with 20.0 mg·L-1 rooting powder solution for 6 h was recommended as the yieldincreasing technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In order to further improve the emulsion stability and the intrinsic performance of self-emulsified epoxy resin, a novel amphipathic resin was synthesized from dodecylsuccinic anhydride (DDSA), methoxypolyethylene glycols and bisphenol-A epoxy. Similar systems based on different anhydrides including methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride (MHHPA) as well as phthalic anhydride (PA) were prepared simultaneously for comparison. The stabilities of various emulsions were evaluated according to particle diameter, centrifugal stability and surface tension tests. Meanwhile, the curing behaviors, thermal resistances and interface properties between resins and diverse reinforcement fibers were also investigated. The results showed that introducing of DDSA could effectively enhance the stability of emulsion with the surface tension reducing to 37.22 mN/m. The microdebonding strength between the self-emulsifying resin system and carbon fiber is poor, but its interfacial strength with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers is better than that of the MHHPA and PA systems, and it has excellent overall performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Purpose/Significance] New quality productive forces is the latest pattern of productivity development under the background of data-driven intelligence. To explore the mechanism and practical way of bidirectional empowerment of knowledge service and new quality productive forces has important theoretical and practical significance for giving full play to the effectiveness of new quality of data elements, new power of digital intelligence technology and new application of intelligent service, so as to promote the cultivation of new quality productive forces and improve knowledge service. [Method/Process] Based on the summary of the development process of knowledge service and the new interpretation from the perspective of new quality productive forces, this study analyzes the internal relationship and external manifestations of the bidirectional empowerment of knowledge services and new quality productive forces, constructs the bidirectional empowerment mechanism of knowledge services and new quality productive forces, and proposes the bidirectional empowerment path. [Results/Conclusions] "Factor reorganization, scientific and technological innovation, and quality service" has become the internal relationship between knowledge service and new quality productive forces . Data factor as the core production factor, digital intelligence technology as the key production technology, and intelligence-driven new business forms and new models as the common carrier, which is an important basis for intelligent knowledge service and new quality productive forces bidirectional empowerment mechanism. Intelligent knowledge service cultivates the new quality productive forces through three important ways: accelerating scientific and technological innovation, opening up new ways and creating new business forms. New quality productive forces drives the development of intelligent knowledge service and improves the service by solving the resource dilemma, technology dilemma and talent dilemma, and creating new competitive advantages. This is an important manifestation of the bidirectional empowerment mechanism of new quality productive forces and intelligent knowledge service. After clarifying the empowerment basis and the performance of the bidirectional empowerment mechanism, this study proposes that the two kinds of empowerment should be realized from the following four aspects: a) Taking the market demand as the guide by mining new value and responding to new demand, and grasping the new quality growth engine; b) Taking data elements as the center, the compacting intelligent driving base is realized by building the data element empowerment system and improving the standardization of element utilization; c) Taking technological innovation as the key way by releasing the potential of key elements and creating fusion application scenarios to consolidate the foundation of fusion application; d) Starting from the application scenario as the starting point, the bidirectional empowerment mechanism is put into practice in various fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, potted experiments were conducted using the early-maturing soybean variety "Heihe 43" and the late-maturing soybean variety "Dongnong 53" under low temperature treatment (LT). The shoot and root dry weights, nodule biomass, total nitrogen content, and nodule nitrogen fixation were measured in the 28-49 days after soybean emergence. The results showed that: (1) low-temperature stress encountered by soybeans in the first week after emergence would delay soybean growth and development. From the 28d to 42d after emergence, soybean biomass was significantly lower than that of the CK treatment under low-temperature stress, but no significant difference was observed in the biomass of the two soybean varieties until the 49d after emergence. (2)In comparison to CK, significant inhibition of nodule formation in "Dongnong 53" and "Heihe 43" by low temperature occurred in the 42d and 35d after emergence, and the number of nodules decreased by 58.8% and 72.0%, respectively. During the 49d after emergence, low temperature decreased the dry weight of nodules of "Dongnong 53" and "Heihe 43" by 48.9% and 48.5%, respectively. (3) Low temperature stimulated the nitrogen fixation ability of two soybean varieties. At 49d after seedling emergence, the biological nitrogen fixation, nitrogen fixation per unit nodule biomass and nitrogen fixation per individual nodule of "Dongnong 53" and "Heihe 43" at low temperature increased by 89.9%, 118.9%; 249.3%, 172.6% and 150.6%, 114.2%, respectively. The percentages of biological nitrogen fixation increased by 26.4 and 24.5 percentage points, respectively. Collectively, low temperature stress after soybean emergence can slow down growth and development, and inhibit the formation and growth of nodules. However, soybean growth will gradually recover after the release of low temperature stress. Short-term low temperature stress has a stimulating effect on the nitrogen fixation of soybean nodules and their nitrogen fixation ability, and the stimulating effect is more pronounced for the early-maturing variety "Heihe 43". Therefore, it is recommended choosing early-maturing soybean varieties to better adapt the early spring low temperature environment in the soybean production area of Northeast China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to reduce the postharvest decay rate of Prunus crispiflora, slow down the ripening and senescence of fruits, and prolong the shelf life, three kinds of preservation treatments, including 2% calcium chloride soaking, polyvinyl alcohol coating, 2% calcium chloride soaking + polyvinyl alcohol coating, and 2% calcium chloride soaking + polyvinyl alcohol coating film, were compared with the activities of titratable acid (TA), soluble solids (SSC), respirato¬ry intensity, hardness, malondialdehyde content (MDA), polygalacturonidase (PG), peroxidase (POD), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities of Prunus crispi red plum in 4 °C storage environment. Effect of biochemical indicators. The results showed that the composite preservation method of 2% calcium chloride soaking + polyvinyl alcohol coating film ef-fectively delayed the decrease of TA content and maintained it at more than 0.8%, slowed down the increase of SSC content (P<0.05), kept it at about 16 °Brix, kept the fruit hardness above 14.11 N, and maintained the flavor and taste of crisp red plum well, and maintained the respiratory intensity at 4.9758-19.9898 mg/h• kg. The respiration intensity of P. crispiflora was inhibited (=<0.05), and the PG activity gradually increased to 70.72 g/hg FW on the 30th day, significantly inhibited the PG activity (P<0.05), decreased the accumulation of MDA, and significantly inhibited the PPO activity (P<0.05) from 0.2 U/g FW to 0.058 U/g FW in 12-24 days, delaying the ripening and senescence of the fruit. After harvest, the crispy red plum treated with 2% calcium chloride combined with polyvinyl alcohol coating film had the best preservation effect under the condition of 4 °C refrigeration, which could effectively delay the aging and deterioration of crispy red plum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To solve the breeding problem of the serious shortage of female cassava flowers, cassava variety 'Xinxianxuan 048' was used as the experimental material. Transcriptional sequencing technology was used to analyze the biological information of differentially expressed genes in female and male flowers during the critical period of cassava flower sex differentiation, explore the functions of differentially expressed genes and possible regulatory pathways involved, excavate candidate genes related to female differentiation, and verify the sequencing results by qRT-PCR method. The results showed that: There were 545 differentially expressed genes between male and female cassava flowers at the critical stage of gender differentiation. Among them, 48.63% of the differential genes were enriched in GO pathway of floral organ morphogenesis and development, and the genes enriched in plant phenylpropanol biosynthesis and plant hormone signal transduction were the most. AGL11, YABBY4, CRC, SUP, and other flower sex differentiation genes were significantly up-regulated in female flowers. Four genes of the cytokinin signaling pathway, including HK4, HPt4, ARR8, and ARR12, were significantly up-regulated in female flowers, while IAA14, GH3, SAUR22, and SAURR20, the early auxin response genes, were significantly down-regulated in female flowers. Therefore, the sexual differentiation of cassava flowers mainly involved the biological pathways of pollen, gametophyte, floral organ morphogenesis and development, and two metabolic pathways of plant phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and plant hormone signal transduction. Cytokinin and auxin might be the main hormones in cassava female flower differentiation. AGL11, YABBY4, CRC, SUP, HK4, HPt4, ARR8, and ARR12 may be positive regulators of cassava female flower differentiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] To investigate the soil infiltration characteristics of different agroforestry composite modes and their influencing factors types in the purple soil area. [Methods] We analyzed the changes in the soil physical properties and infiltration processes under four agroforestry types in the purple soil area, namely, no crop (CK), peanut (HS), pepper (HJ), and peanut + pepper (HS + HJ), through field surveys and laboratory experiments, and evaluated the applicability of three soil infiltration models including Kostiakov, Horton, and Philip. [Results] (1) The total soil porosity in HJ was not significantly different from that in CK and HS + HJ, but was considerably higher than that in HS (p

Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL disease) is a hereditary tumor syndrome caused by VHL mutations. VHL disease-related tumors are often multiple and mostly treated by surgery. However, they often relapse after surgery. The VHL gene functions as a tumor suppressor through both hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) dependent and HIF-independent pathway. Research on the genetic mechanisms of VHL disease has laid the foundation for the treatment of the disease. In recent years, the targeted drugs based on the genetic mechanism of VHL disease have provided a new approach for the treatment of the disease. Small molecule targeted drugs such as belzutifan and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, which act on the hypoxia signaling pathway, have shown excellent prospects for the treatment of VHL disease.The study aimed to summarize the genetic mechanisms and advances in related treatment of VHL disease. More in-depth clinical research on targeted drugs for VHL disease will provide more treatment options for the patients.

ObjectiveTo investigate the differences in postoperative short-term complications and long-term prognosis of pancreatic cancer(PC) patients after total pancreatectomy(TP) and pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD).MethodsClinical data of PC patients who underwent TP from January 2016 to December 2021(TP group) and PD from January 2019 to December 2021(PD group) at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively collected. Patients in the PD group were divided into the pancreatic fistula(PF) high-risk PD group and the recurrence high-risk PD group according to risk factors. After propensity score matching, the differences in postoperative short-term surgical efficacy indicators(postoperative complication rate, 30 d mortality rate, length of hospital stay, etc.), long-term surgical efficacy indicators(overall survival), and quality of life were compared between the TP group and the PF high-risk PD group or the recurrence high-risk PD group.ResultsA total of 32 patients in the TP group and 114 patients in the PD group(99 patients in the PF high-risk PD group and 15 patients in the recurrence high-risk PD group) meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled.(1)TP group and PF high-risk PD group: after propensity score matching, 29 patients in the TP group and 56 patients in the PF high-risk PD group were finally included. There was no PF in the TP group, and the rate of PF in the PF high-risk PD group was 19.64%(P=0.027).There were no statistical differences in short-term surgical efficacy indicators such as other postoperative complication rates, Clavien-Dindo grading, length of stay, ICU stay, and 30 d mortality between the two groups(all P > 0.05). At the median follow-up time of 36 months, there was no significant difference in the quality of life questionnaire-core 30(QLQ-C30) scores between the two groups(P > 0.05).(2)TP group and recurrent high-risk PD group: Since there were no statistically significant differences between the baseline data of the two groups(P > 0.05), 32 patients in the TP group and 15 patients in the recurrent high-risk PD group were both included in the analysis. There was no PF in the TP group, and the rate of PF in the recurrent high-risk PD group was 20.00%(P=0.028).The other postoperative complication rates, Clavien- Dindo grading, length of hospital stay, ICU stay, 30 d mortality and other short-term surgical efficacy indicators were also not statistically different between the two groups(all P > 0.05). By the final follow-up, the median overall survival was longer in the TP group than the recurrent high-risk PD group(37.68 months vs. 15.24 months, HR=2.551, 95% CI: 1.144-5.689, P=0.018). Multifactorial Cox regression showed that recurrent high-risk PD and preoperative obstructive jaundice were independent risk factors in the poor long-term prognosis of patients with PC.ConclusionsFor PC patients at high risk of PF, TP can achieve short-term surgical outcomes and long-term quality of life comparable to PD with no burden of postoperative pancreatic fistula. For patients with high-risk recurrence, TP can significantly prolong the survival of PC patients while ensuring surgical safety.

As new energy sources scale up for integration into urban power grids， there is a growing spatiotemporal mismatch between supply and demand in power systems. This mismatch could gradually undermine the static voltage stability of the power systems， jeopardizing electrical safety. To counter this challenge， a novel method for the optimal allocation of energy storage in urban power grids is proposed， with a special focus on maintaining static voltage stability under a mismatch of supply and demand. The method begins with a characteristic analysis of the mismatch between supply and demand in urban power grids. Assessment indicators for the mismatch in space and time are established. Following this， the number of power flow solutions is analyzed using the discriminant of a quadratic equation based on power flow equations of transmission lines， leading to the introduction of an index for assessing the static voltage stability of urban power grids. Subsequently， an optimal allocation model for energy storage devices is developed by weighting the aforementioned indicators of the spatiotemporal mismatch as well as static voltage stability. Lastly， the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are verified through simulation.

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of different tillage patterns and biochar addition on soil nitrogen and phosphorus transformation and maize growth and development in farmland in the black soil area. [Methods] Through a field experiment, two tillage treatments (deep tillage and shallow tillage) and five biochar addition treatments (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 t/hm2) were set up to investigate the combined effects of different tillage patterns and biochar addition on soil nitrogen and phosphorus fractions, enzyme activities, and physiological characteristics of maize. [Results] (1) Deep tillage and shallow tillage in combination with biochar addition could effectively improve soil structure, increase the geometric mean diameter of agglomerates, and reduce the percentage of damage. The deep tillage treatment was more effective than the shallow tillage treatment. (2) The addition of biochar improved soil nitrogen-phosphorus fractions, urease activity, and alkaline phosphatase activity, and the effect of applying biochar at the rate of 9 t/hm2 was the best, which was more pronounced in the deep tillage treatment. (3) The application of biochar up to 9 t/hm2 under deep tillage treatment increased the total nitrogen and phosphorus contents and glutamine synthetase activity of leaves and decreased the acid phosphatase activity. (4) The yield of corn under deep tillage condition with the addition of 9 t/hm2 of biochar was as high as 17.37 t/hm2, which was increased by 28.9% compared with that of 0 of biochar. [Conclusion] The deep-tillage treatment and addition of 9 t/hm2 biochar provided a reference for the nutrient environment and crop growth in agricultural fields in the black soil area.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Redo-Bentall surgery in the reoperation of aortic root lesions. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 46 patients who underwent Redo-Bentall surgery for aortic root lesions in our department from June 2010 to April 2022. They were 35 males and 11 females, at a mean age of 43.37±12.79 years, in 4.96±6.76 years since the last operation. General clinical data in perioperative period and during follow-up were collected and analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to compare the survival rates of each etiological group. Results There were 9 cases of central end otitis, 12 cases of Behset's disease, and 25 cases of other causes. After operation, 4 cases (8.70%) experienced cardiac arrest, 4 cases (8.70%) renal failure, 2 cases (4.35%) gastrointestinal bleeding, 2 cases (4.35%) new third-degree atrioventricular block and 2 cases (4.35%) permanent pacemaker placement. In perioperative period, 3 cases (6.52%) died in hospital. During a mean follow-up of 5.03±3.27 years after discharge, 5 cases (11.63%) were lost to follow-up, 1 case died (2.33%), 1 case had lacunar infarction (2.33%), and no severe bleeding or embolism complications was observed in the rest patients. The long-term survival rate was significantly lower in the endocarditis group (62.3%) and the Behcet's disease group (70%) than the other etiological groups (80%, P < 0.05). Conclusion The application of Redo-Bentall in the reoperation of aortic root lesions is safe and effective, but the survival rate is quite lower in the patients with infective endocarditis and Behcet's disease.