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ObjectiveTo investigate the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D] and its influencing factors in women during mid-pregnancy, and to provide an evidence for improving the vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women.MethodsA total of 220 pregnant women in the second trimester of pregnancy who underwent regular prenatal examinations at the Tianjin Binhai New Area Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center from February 2022 to February 2023 were selected as the research subjects. Basic clinical data of the pregnant women were collected. A 25 (OH) D level of ≥30 μg·L-1 was considered sufficient, while a level of

【Objective】 Climate change and anthropogenic activities have combined to change flow in many rivers and catchments in the world. This paper analyzes the change in runoff of the Lijiang Basin in southwestern China, as well as its determinants. 【Method】 The analysis was based on data measured from 1980—2019 from meteorological and hydrological stations along the Dayun river in the upstream of the basin. The temporal trend, abrupt changes and periodicity of the runoff, temperature and precipitation were analyzed using the Pettitt mutation test, Mann Kenddall test and Morlet wavelet analysis. The correlation between them was calculated using the multivariate linear regression equation. 【Result】 The runoff in the basin had been in decline though not at a significant level. There was an abrupt runoff change in 2018. From 1980 to 2019, the basin had experienced four drying - wetting cycles. The precipitation in the basin had been increasing and experienced an abrupt change in 2015. Approximately four periodicities were identified for the precipitation. The average annual temperature had increased significantly at 0.38 ℃/decade from 1980 to 2019, with an abrupt change occurring in 2016. There are two cold-warm cycles in the studied period, with 1984 and 2011 being the cold years, and 1981 and 2019 being the warm years. The period for temperature was 5~7 a. 【Conclusion】 Our analysis showed that the Lijiang basin will become increasingly dry. The basin will enter a warm stage in a 40- decade period. The abrupt change in runoff was due to the change in land usage, construction of flood control and water replenishment projects, climate change and other factors, while the abrupt change in precipitation and temperature is due to the climate change as experienced by other regions in South China.

Background Helicobacter pylori is difficult to remove naturally in children after being infected with it. Due to differences in sample size and features, design and setting, there is little consistency between studies on epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection and its affecting factors in children from China, a country with high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori. Therefore, a comprehensive and objective understanding of the prevalence and risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection among Chinese children is of great significance for the prevention of Helicobacter pylori infection in this group. Objective To systematically review the prevalence and risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection among Chinese children. Methods In June 2021, We searched for studies on Helicobacter pylori infection and its risk factors among Chinese children in databases of PubMed, EmBase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, CQVIP and Wanfang Data from inception to June 2021. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the quality of included studies. Meta-analysis was performed using R 4.1.0. Results Thirty-seven articles were included with a total sample size of 40 786 cases, of whom 11 267 were infected with Helicobacter pylori. Meta-analysis showed that the overall prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection was 30.31%〔95%CI= (25.72%, 35.10%) 〕. Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection significantly varied by geographical region of participants, the year of the publication of the article, and Helicobacter pylori detection method (P

When women wear menstrual underwear and sanitary napkins during their menstrual period, the clothes are polluted and the wearing comfort is poor. In this paper, the performance test and subjective evaluation of the actual wearing of menstrual underwear are carried out. The permeability to moisture and air properties of three kinds of polyurethane (PU) film, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) film and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE ) nanofiber microporous film were tested and analyzed, and the blood permeability experiment was designed. 20 female subjects were selected to wear the menstrual underwear made of these three materials for the subjective evaluation of the actual wearing of 5 physiological cycles. Comparing the performance test results with the subjective evaluation results of actual wearing, it was found that ePTFE nanofiber microporous membrane was not only superior to PU film and TPU film in terms of moisture permeability and air permeability, but also showed good comfort and anti-blood permeability in the subjective evaluation of actual wearing. The results provide reference and guidance for the development and purchase of menstrual underwear products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the levels of 8 minerals that are related to human health in serum of elderly population in Tianjin and to provide evidence based guidance for scientifical and rational dietary. Methods Venous blood was collected from 714 elderly people and the levels of 8 minerals were examined by inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results The percentage of the elderly people who are short of at least one mineral was up to 92.7%. The percentages of deficiency in serum zinc, manganese, magnesium, chrome, iron, calcium, copper, selenium are 79.3%, 73.4%, 58.5%, 42.4%, 39.8%, 23.0%, 1.5% and 0.6% respectively. The level of Ferrum in men's serum is higher than that in women, while the levels of calcium, chrome and copper in men's serum are lower than those in women. Conclusion The level of the minerals is generally low in the elderly population from Tianjin and ways were needed in improving dietary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To investigate the effect of different soft-tissue morphologies on the treatment of skeletal class Ⅰ malocclusion patients by analyzing measurement data before and after treatment., Methods: Pre- and post-treatment lateral cephalograms of 55 adult female Angle class Ⅰ patients were collected in the Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University from January 2012 to December 2020. Chin soft-tissue morphologies in the lateral cranial radiographs were used to divide the patients into an abnormal chin morphology group (flat and retracted chins, n =27) and a normal chin morphology group (rounded and prominent chins, n =28). Relevant soft- and hard-tissue indexes were selected to study in-group varieties and intergroup differences in the varying chin morphologies before and after treatment., Results: The chin-lip angle, mandibular chin angle, mandibular chin vertex angle, PP-MP, LL-E, UL-E, Po-Pos, and B-B' thickness in the abnormal chin morphology group were significantly higher than those in the normal chin morphology group ( P <0.05). Furthermore, m∶BMe and n∶B'Mes in the abnormal chin morphology group were signi-ficantly lower than those in the normal chin morphology group ( P <0.05). After treatment, the mandibular chin angle, mandibular chin vertex angle, U1-SN, L1-MP, LL-E, UL-E, SNA, SNB, and B-B' thickness of the abnormal chin morphology group significantly decreased ( P <0.05), whereas the nasolabial angle, m∶BMe, n∶B' Mes, and Po-Pos significantly increased ( P <0.05). In the normal chin morphology group, the U1-SN, L1-MP, LL-E, UL-E, and B-B' thicknesses decreased significantly ( P <0.05), whereas the nasolabial angle significantly increased ( P <0.05). Among them, m∶BMe and n∶B' Mes were positively correlated., Conclusions: Chin morphology affects the formulation of treatment plans. Compared with the normal chin morphology group, the abnormal chin morphology group required a larger retraction of incisors. Although the chin of soft-tissue morphology is related to the morphology of bones, the changes in soft tissue chin after treatment cannot be directly predicted according to the bone changes. Soft-tissue chin morphology affects the aesthetic assessment of the soft-tissue lateral profile and the change in soft tissue before and after treatment. The method of predicting the change in soft-tissue chin after treatment should consider the morphology of the soft-tissue chin.

Objectives: This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of the efficacy of mandibular advance clear alig-ners with traditional functional appliances as the control group., Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China Biomedical Abstracts Database, China Knowledge Network Database, Wanfang Database, and Weipu Database were used in this study. The two groups of researchers screened the literature and extracted data based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria established by PICOS entries, and used the ROBINS-I scale for quality evaluation. Revman 5.4 and Stata 17.0 software were used for meta-analysis., Results: Nine clinical controlled trials were included in this study with a total sample size of 283 cases. No significant difference was found in SNA, SNB, ANB, Go-Pog, U1-SN, Overjet, and other aspects between the invisible group and the traditional group in the treatment of skeletal class Ⅱ ma-locclusion patients; there was a 0.90° difference in mandibular plane angle between the two groups; the growth of the mandibular ramus (Co-Go) in the traditional group was 1.10 mm more than that in the invisible group; the lip inclination of the lower teeth in the invisible group was better controlled, 1.94° less than that in the control group., Conclusions: The invisible group can better control the lip inclination of the mandibular anterior teeth when guiding the mandible. Furthermore, the mandibular plane angle (MP-SN) can remain unchanged, but the growth of the mandibular ramus is not as good as the traditional group, and auxiliary measures should be taken to improve it in clinical practice.

Severe inflammatory responses are considered responsible for acute lung damage in COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 enters lung cells via ACE2, and the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and the pro-caspase-1 are then activated, followed by release of mature IL-1β and IL-18 and other inflammatory cytokines, thereby leading to inflammation and apoptosis. This inflammatory process induces syndromes such as inflammatory cell infiltration, congestion, and edema in the lungs of COVID-19 patients. Some severe cases reported complications including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and diffuse intravascular coagulation (DIC). There is no specific drug available for the treatment of COVID-19 at present. MCC950, colchicine and other NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors, have been widely used in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases, and are currently in clinical trials for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Here we reviewed the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and the SARS-CoV activation pathway of NLRP3 inflammasome, in order to reveal the role and mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome in the process of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and provide a theoretical basis for the development of related targeted drugs.

Objective To investigate the effect of YTH N 6 -methyladenosine RNA binding protein 2 (YTHDF2) knockdown on proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. Methods Human Protein Atlas database was used to analyze the expression of YTHDF2 in cervical cancer and its relationship with the survival. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect protein expression of YTHDF2 in 31 cervical cancer tissue samples and 31 normal cervical tissue samples. Then short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) targeting YTHDF2 were designed and cloned into lentivirus expression vector. HeLa and SiHa cells were infected with the lentivirus. RNA and protein expression of YTHDF2 were measured by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Furthermore, CCK-8 assay and colony formation assay were conducted to detect the cell proliferation and flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle and apoptosis. Results The database showed that cervical cancer patients with high YTHDF2 expression had poor prognosis. And YTHDF2 expression increased in the cervical cancer tissues compared with the normal tissues. Moreover, knockdown of YTHDF2 inhibited the cell proliferation, induced cell apoptosis, and arrested the cells at S phase in the HeLa and SiHa cells. Conclusion YTHDF2 expression is upregulated in cervical carcinoma. Knockdown of YTHDF2 can significantly inhibit cell proliferation and promote apoptosis in cervical carcinoma HeLa and SiHa cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of IL-12 on autophagy and the relative possible mechanism in HepG2 and SMMC-7721 human hepatoma cells. Methods The hepatoma cells were treated with IL-12 (10 ng/mL) for 6 hours. Western blotting was applied to detect the expressions of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC-3), Beclin 1 and the phosphorylated levels of protein kinase B (AKT), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3); immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to observe the formation of autophagosome. After STAT3 was inhibited by STATTIC or siSTAT3 and AKT was activated by insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), Western blotting and IFA were performed again to analyze the change of IL-12-induced autophagy. After the cells were treated with IL-12 (10 ng/mL) for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 days, CCK-8 assay was used to determine the growth ability. After the hepatoma cells were treated with IL-12 (10 ng/mL) for 48 hours, trypan blue staining was used to detect the death rate of the cells. After cell autophagy was inhibit by siBeclin 1, CCK-8 assay and trypan blue staining were performed again to study the effect of IL-12 on the proliferation and death of human hepatoma cells. Results IL-12 induced autophagy and inhibited cell growth in the hepatoma cells. Silencing Beclin 1 gene enhanced IL-12-mediated growth inhibition and cell death. Furthermore, IL-12 treatment also decreased the expressions of p-AKT, p-mTOR and p-STAT3. The pretreatment of siSTAT3 or STATTIC inhibited STAT3-enhanced IL-12-induced autophagy. Accordingly, activation of AKT with IGF-1 decreased IL-12-induced autophagy. Conclusion IL-12 could induce autophagy through AKT/mTOR/STAT3 signaling pathways and the induction of autophagy attenuates the growth-inhibitory effect of IL-12 on hepatoma cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of endogenous interferon β (IFN-β) on the polarization of M1 macrophages as well as the proliferation and invasion activities of hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCCs) mediated by M1 macrophages. Methods U937-M1 macrophages derived from human monocytic tumor cells U937 was established and the cell phenotypes were identified by real-time quantitative PCR, ELISA and flow cytometry. After IFN-β gene was knocked down with siRNA or IFN-β was neutralized with IFN-β monoantibody in U937-M1 macrophages, the change of M1/M2 phenotype was again analyzed by the above methods. The expressions of interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) and IRF5 were detected by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting. The proliferation and invasion activities of HCCs, which were cultured with conditioned medium (CM) collected from different macrophage groups, were analyzed by CCK-8 assay and Transwell(TM) experiments, respectively. Results U937-M1 macrophages showed higher expressions of interleukin 12p35 (IL-12p35), interleukin 12p40 (IL-12p40), interleukin 12p70 (IL-12p70), interleukin 23p19 (IL-23p19), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and CD86 than U937-M0 did. But both U937-M0 macrophages and U937-M1 macrophages showed low expression of CD206. However, compared with the U937-M1 macrophages, the IFN-β-blocked U937-M1 macrophages presented decreased expressions of the above M1 macrophages-associated markers, but increased expressions of M2 macrophages-associated markers IL-10 and CD206, as well as lower expressions of IRF1 and IRF5. The inhibited proliferation/invasion activities of HCCs mediated by U937-M1 macrophages were reversed by IFN-β-blocked U937-M1 macrophages. Conclusion Blocking endogenous IFN-β could inhibit the U937-M1 polarization status and U937-M1 macrophages-mediated anti-tumor activity of HCCs. IFN-β might be involved in modulating the expressions of IRF1 and IRF5 as well as maintaining the M1 polarization status and its function.