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Recombinant human interferon beta (rhIFN-β) is a glycoprotein produced by genetically engineered cells and has anti-virus, anti-tumor and immunoregulation functions. Although studies have shown that other subtypes of IFN such as IFN-γ affects cell proliferation and differentiation to some extent, the effect of rhIFN-β on chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) is less known. In this study we studied the effect of rhIFN-β on the chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs by inducing hMSCs into cartilage pellet via adding IFN-β1a into regular TGF-β3 chondrogenic differentiation medium. We collected the induced pellets and then detected GAG content, assessed pellets size, observed agreecan using alcian blue staining, and analyzed the expression of Sox and CollangenⅡusing real-time PCR and Western blotting. Addition of 100 ng/mL IFN-β1a to regular TGF-β3 chondrogenic differentiation medium could improve the concentration of GAG, increase the size of pellets, promote the formation of aggrecan and up-regulate the expression of CollangenII and Sox9. IFN-β1a combined with TGF-β3 could promote chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs.

Objective: To understand the time and area specific prevalence of HIV infection and syphilis, sexual behaviors and awareness of HIV/AIDS related knowledge among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the mainland of China during 2010-2013., Methods: All the published academic papers on the prevalence of HIV infection and syphilis among MSM in the mainland of China from 2010 to 2013 were collected from CNKI, Wanfang and PubMed databases. Meta-analysis was performed by using software Stata 12.0., Results: Sixty six papers were selected. From 2010 to 2013 the pooled prevalence of HIV infection were 7.7% among the MSM (95% CI: 7.2%-8.3% ) and increased year by year, but the pooled prevalence of HIV infection was highest in southwestern China (12.0%). The pooled prevalence of syphilis were 10.9% among the MSM (95% CI: 9.8%-12.1%), and the pooled prevalence of syphilis was highest in southern China (14.4%). The incidence of anal sex was high (84.2%) in the past 6 months, but the consistent condom use rate was low (44.8%). The AIDS related knowledge awareness was high in the MSM (88.4%)., Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV infection and syphilis were high among the MSM in the mainland of China during 2010-2013. It is necessary to explore the comprehensive intervention measures to promote condom use among MSM although they have high awareness of AIDS related knowledge.

Objective: To understand the smoking behaviors and its influencing factors among male smokers in two districts in Chengdu., Methods: A face to face questionnaire survey was conducted among 320 male smokers in Chengdu. And the data were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological method, t test, χ2 test, one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wails H rank sum test and cumulative odds logistic regression model., Results: More cigarette smoking (t=2.327, P=0.021) and using cigarette with lower tar level (t=-11.251, P<0.001) after changing the brand of cigarette were found among the males surveyed. The cumulative odds logistic regression analysis showed that males with lower education level (OR=1.968, P=0.040), with higher income level (OR=2.053, P=0.043), leaving shorter butts (OR=2.366, P=0.010) and with high nicotine dependence (OR=7.143, P<0.001) had more cigarette smoking., Conclusion: Smokers who changed the brand of cigarette were more likely to choose low tar cigarette. Smokers with low education level, high income level and high nicotine dependence are the target population for health education and behavior intervention in smoking control.