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To examine the allocation of rice photosynthates and its response to the elevated CO2 (800 µL ⋅ L-1 ) and N fertilization ( 100 mg ⋅ kg-1 ) at both tillering stage and booting stage in plant-soil system, rice was continually labelled with 13CO2. The results showed that the rice root biomass at the tillering stage and the shoot biomass at the booting stage were significantly increased under elevated CO2. Elevated CO2 increased the rice biomass and root-shoot ratio at tillering stage, but reduced it at booting stage. Under elevated CO2, N fertilization promoted shoot biomass during rice growth, but significantly decreased the root biomass at booting stage. Elevated CO2 significantly increased the allocation of assimilated 13C to the soil at the booting stage. N fertilization did not promote the elevated CO2-induced stimulation of assimilated 13C allocated to the soil, and it even decreased the proportion of assimilated 13C in the soil. In summary, elevated CO2 increased the photosynthetic C allocation into soil and promoted the turnover of soil organic carbon in paddy soil. N fertilization enhanced rice shoot biomass but decreased the belowground allocation of photosyn- thetic C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To optimize the preparation parameters of the new silk birth-canal microecology transporter (BMT) for transferring the symbiotic bacteria of the birth canal efficiently., Methods: Birth canal microbial samples of 30 full term pregnant women at admission were collected as the control group (NC, n =30). The experimental group included 18 pregnant women terminated by Cesarean section, who were divided into 6 sub-groups （M1-M6, n =3) to complete the transfer tests of the birth-canal microecology. The new silk BMT was processed in the sterile liquid of the different osmotic pressure with the different immersion depth, and was placed in the vagina of the pregnant women for 1 h before sealed. All extracted DNA specimens were amplified in the V3-V4 region of the 16S rDNA, and were sequenced by Illumina Hiseq2500. Microbial diversity analysis was performed by Mothur, QIIME, Lefse and Metastat. Welch's t -test and Anosim nonparametric test were used to compare the difference between groups., Results: The new silk BMT with 70% immersion depth could be fully covered by the solution, and had good solution preserving and adhesion. The subjects had no foreign body sensation with satisfied experience. Both of the microbes on the new BMT and the control group were lactobacillus as the dominant bacteria genus. The microbial diversity and bacteria constitution in the new BMT was similar to the control group in the condition of 0.45% NaCl solution and 70% immersion depth, and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( P >0.05)., Conclusion: The new silk BMT can transfer the symbiotic microbes of the birth canal efficiently, and the optimal preparation parameters were 0.45% hypotonic saline solution and 70% immersion depth., (Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Science Edition).)

To examine the allocation of rice photosynthates and its response to the elevated CO 2 (800 μL·L -1 ) and N fertilization (100 mg·kg -1 ) at both tillering stage and booting stage in plant-soil system, rice was continually labelled with 13 CO 2 . The results showed that the rice root biomass at the tillering stage and the shoot biomass at the booting stage were significantly increased under elevated CO 2 . Elevated CO 2 increased the rice biomass and root-shoot ratio at tillering stage, but reduced it at booting stage. Under elevated CO 2 , N fertilization promoted shoot biomass during rice growth, but significantly decreased the root biomass at booting stage. Elevated CO 2 significantly increased the allocation of assimilated 13 C to the soil at the booting stage. N fertilization did not promote the elevated CO 2 -induced stimulation of assimilated 13 C allocated to the soil, and it even decreased the proportion of assimilated 13 C in the soil. In summary, elevated CO 2 increased the photosynthetic C allocation into soil and promoted the turnover of soil organic carbon in paddy soil. N fertilization enhanced rice shoot biomass but decreased the belowground allocation of photosynthetic C.

A suitable fractionation method of phosphorus (P) is a key to effective assessment of soil P componential features. Here a new biologically-based P (BBP) method was used to evaluate the P fractions in the upland and paddy soils across large-scale area in China. The soil P was divided into four components:① soluble or rhizosphere-intercepted (CaCl 2 -P), ② organic acid activated and inorganic weakly bound (Citrate-P), ③ enzyme mineralization of organic P (Enzyme-P), ④ potential activation of inorganic P (HCl-P). Then, the relationships between biologically-based P fractions and standard Olsen-P were investigated, and driving factors of P fractions were identified. The results showed that P content was in order of HCl-P>Citrate-P>Enzyme-P>CaCl 2 -P. All P components of upland soil displayed higher levels than those of paddy soil. Moreover, the P components were highly positively correlated with the Olsen-P, suggesting that each P component contributed to soil P availability. However, it was found that Olsen-P was most highly correlated with CaCl 2 -P and Enzyme-P ( R 2 =0.359; R 2 =0.386) in upland soil, while Olsen-P was most highly with Citrate-P ( R 2 =0.788) in paddy soil. This result indicated that available P of upland soil was mainly from organic P mineralization and soluble P, and available P in paddy soil was mainly from inorganic P activation. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the P components were mainly affected by soil pH and silt content, which suggested that it could enhance the P availability via regulating soil pH in the agricultural activities.

Objective: To investigate effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on angiogenesis in neonatal rats with hypoxia ischemia brain damage (HIBD), and explore the possible mechanism., Methods: Fifty-four of 10-day-old SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group (n = 6), hypoxia-ischemia brain damage group (n = 24) and ginsenoside Rg1 treatment group (n = 24). SD rats in HIBD group and Rg1 group were treated by separation and ligation of right common carotid artery (CCA) and subsequently exposed to hypoxia for 2.5 hours, and those in sham group were treated by only separation of right CCA, without ligation or exposure to hypoxia. Intraperitoneal injection of 0.1 mL normal saline (NS) containing 40 mg/kg Rg1 was performed immediately after operation in Rg1 group, and such process was repeated every 24 h for 3 days. Intraperitoneal injection of 0.1 mL pure NS was performed in both HIBD group and sham group, in the same way as that of in Rg1 group. General state of SD rats after operation was monitored, 4, 8, 24 and 72 hours after HIBD, animals were executed and the right side of brain tissue was separated for further process. Protein expression of both hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected by both Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemistry for von willebrand factor (vwf) was used to labeling micro vessels., Results: All rats survived to the end of the study and neurological dysfunction was observed in both HIBD group and Rgl group, but not in sham group. Expression of HIF-1alpha protein in HIBD group was increased at 4, 8, 24 and 72 h, compared to that in sham group (P < 0.05). Expression of HIF-1alpha protein in Rg1 group was increased compared to that in HIBD group at the same time points (P < 0.05). Expression of VEGF protein in HIBD group was increased at 4, 8, and 24 h, compared to that in sham group (P < 0.05). Expression of VEGF protein in Rg1 group was increased at 24 and 72 h compared to that in HIBD group at the same time point (P < 0.05). Number of vwf-positive cells at 24 and 72 h in HIBD group was increased compared to that in sham group (P < 0.05), and number of vwf-positive cells at 72 h in Rg1 group was increased compared to that in HIBD group at the same time point (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Rg1 could facilitate angiogenesis after HIBD in Neonatal rats by strengthening and stabilizing HIF-1alpha/VEGF signaling pathway.

Objective: To evaluate the expression of BRAF V600E mutation in 240 Chinese patients with thyroid lesions., Methods: Two hundred and forty Chinese patients with thyroid lesions, including 129 papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC), 12 follicular carcinomas, 4 medullary carcinomas, 30 adenomas, 30 nodular goiters, and 35 papillary hyperplasia. DNA was extracted from thyroid biopsy and paraffin embedded thyroid tissues, and the expression of BRAF V600E mutation was detected by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing assays., Results: The presence of BRAF V600E mutation was found in 61 of the total group of 240 cases (25.4%). It was only detected in PTC (47.3%), and not detected in other types of malignant and benign thyroid lesions. There was a statistically significant difference between the expression of BRAF V600E mutation in classic type PTC (49.6%) and in follicular type PTC (12.5%,P < 0.05), but statistical data did not show any correlation between BRAF V600E mutation and clinicopathologic parameters in PTC (P > 0.05)., Conclusions: BRAF V600E mutation has a significant correlation with PTC and the detection of BRAF V600E mutation may be used as an important prognostic marker of PTC. Our new method of DNA extraction from paraffin embedded tissues is efficient and inexpensive.