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Objective: To investigate the difference of phonation patterns by dividing patients with vocal fold polyps and vocal nodules into two groups according to muscle tension patterns (MTP)., Method: Fifty-six patients with vocal fold polyps and vocal nodules were divided into two groups according to phonation with MTP or not by video strobolaryngoscopy., Result: MTP could be found in 85% patients with vocal nodules and in 55.56% patients with vocal fold polyps. Significant difference was found in patients with/without MTP, and difference was also found in every type of MTP., Conclusion: MTP lies in most patients with vocal nodules while only part of patients with vocal fold polyps, which indicated that vocal fold polyps and vocal nodules may demonstrate different phona

Objective: To investigate the application and significance of aerodynamic parameters in voice function assessment., Methods: The phonatory aerodynamic system (PAS) was used to collect aerodynamic parameters from subjects with normal voice, vocal fold polyp, vocal fold cyst, and vocal fold immobility. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to compare measurements across groups., Results: Phonation threshold flow (PTF), mean flow rate (MFR), maximum phonation time (MPT), and glottal resistance (GR) in one hundred normal subjects were significantly affected by sex (P < 0.05), while phonation threshold pressure (PTP), subglottal pressure (SGP), and vocal efficiency (VE) were not (P > 0.05). PTP, PTF, MFR, SGP, and MPT were significantly different between normal voice and voice disorders (P < 0.01), and there were no significant differences among the three disorders (P > 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis found that PTP, PTF, SGP, MFR, MPT, and VE in one hundred thirteen voice dis orders had similar diagnostic utility (P < 0.01), with PTP exhibiting the highest area under the curve. The aerodynamic parameters of the three degrees of voice dysfunction due to vocal cord polyps were compared and found to have no significant differences (P > 0.05). PTP, PTF, MFR, SGP and MPT in forty one patients with vocal polyps were significantly different after surgical resection of vocal cord polyps (P < 0.01)., Conclusion: The aerodynamic parameters can objectively and effectively evaluate the variations of vocal function, and have good auxiliary diagnostic value.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of pricking bleeding of 3 points of the thumb tip, and 3 points of the auricular helix for treatment of vocal cord submucosal bleeding (VCSB), so as to provide a better therapy for it., Methods: Sixty VCSB patients were equally randomized into pricking bleeding group and ultrasonic atomizing inhalation (UAI) group. Pricking bleeding was applied to Shaoshang (LU 11, 0. 1 cun to the nail on the radial side), Zhongshang (the center of the thumb back, 0. 1 cun to the nail), Laoshang (0. 1 cun to the nail on the ulnar side), Lun 1, 3 and 5 (MA-H) of the helix, once daily for 7 days. Ultrasonic atomizing inhalation treatment was given to patients of the UAI group for 15 min every time, once daily for 7 days. The scores of symptoms and signs and their difference values were calculated before and after the treatment. The acoustical parameters maximum phonation time (MPT), frequency perturbation quotient (FPQ), amplitude perturbation quotient (APQ), ratio of harmonic to noise (H/N) were detected by using a USSA Computer Language Phonetic Spectrum Analysis System., Results: Of the two 30 cases of VCSB patients in the pricking bleeding and UAI groups, 20 (66.67%) and 12(40.00%)were cured, 7 (23.33%) and 6 (20.00%) were improved remarkably, 3 (10.00%) and 8 (26.67%) improved, and 0 and 4 (13.33%) failed, with the cure plus markedly effective rates being 90% and 60%, respectively. The cure plus markedly effective rate of the pricking bleeding group was significantly superior to that of the UAI group (P<0. 01). The difference values between pre-treatment and post-treatment in hoarseness, laryngalgia, throat dryness, throat burning sensation, throat clearing, vocal bleeding, glottis dysraphism, and total score were significantly higher in the pricking bleeding group than those in the UAI group (P<0.05). In comparison with the pre-treatment, MPT and H/N values were increased obviously (P<0. 05), and FPQ and APQ decreased clearly in the two groups after the treatment (P<0.05), suggesting an improvement of the acoustical parameters after the treatment. But, no significant differences were found between the two groups (P>0. 05)., Conclusion: Pricking bleeding therapy is effective in relieving submucosal bleeding of the vocal cord and can improve its clinical symptoms and signs.

Objective: To observe the effects on function rehabilitation of vocal cord after vocal cord polyps surgery treated with acupuncture at Sheng's Four Points of Throat., Methods: Sixty cases were randomly divided into a combined therapy group of Four Points of Throat and medication (group 1, 30 cases) and a medication group (group 2, 30 cases). In group 1 Four Points of Throat were punctured and routine medication was applied; in group 2, only routine medication was applied. The scores of symptom-sign and status of voice were observed and analyzed before and after treatment in two groups., Results: At 4th day after the surgery, the improvement of the symptom-sign scores in group 1 was more significant than that in group 2 (P < 0.05); and the voice analysis status in group 1 was superior to that in group 2 (all P < 0.05). The total effective rate was 83.3% (25/30) in group 1, which was superior to that of 60.0% (18/30) in group 2 (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: The effect on function rehabilitation of vocal cord after vocal cord polyps surgery treated with the combined therapy group of Four Points of Throat and routine medication is favorable, superior to that with routine medication therapy.

Objective: To evaluate therapeutic effect of acupuncture at "Kaiyin point No. 1" on submucosal hemorrage of vocal cords., Methods: One hundred and sixty cases were randomly divided into a test group and a control group. The test group were treated by acupuncture at "Kaiyin point No. 1" with reducing method in reinforcing or reducing method by manipulating the needle in cooperation with the patient's respiration, combined with deep respiratory movement of the glottis laryngeal cavity, once daily; and the control group by spray inhalation of western medicine, once daily, 7 days constituting one therapeutic course., Results: The cured and markedly effective rate and the total effective rate were 85.0% and 97.5% in the test group and 60.0% and 85.0% in the control group respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups. After treatment of the test group,the acoustical parameters maximum phonation time (MPT), frequency perturbation quotient (FPQ), amplitude perturbation quotient (APQ), ratio of harmonic to noise (H/N) objectively reflected improvement of voice quality., Conclusion: Acupuncture at "Kaiyin point No. 1" as main method is an ideal therapy for submucosa hemorrhage of vocal cords.

Objective: To study the sensitivity and specificity and clinical value of electroglottograph (EGG) measurement of benign vocal fold diseases., Method: 365 cases of vocal polyp and vocal cyst and vocal leukoplakia pre- and post-microsurgery were measured, and ECG waveform and their parameters were analyzed, respectively., Result: EGG waveform of most patients was abnormal with fixed notch or steepness in close-opening phase dominantly. After surgery, most of the waveform returned to normal. The surgery had significant effects on the EGG waveform statistically, while the disease's type did not. Compared with that of vocal polyp and vocal cyst, whose parameters were similar, CQ was smaller and CI was relatively larger in vocal leukoplakia. After the surgery, jitter, shimmer, HNR, CQ and CQP improved in vocal polyp and cyst, while EGG parameters didn't improve except of HNR in leukoplakia., Conclusion: ECG waveform was sensitive to benign vocal fold diseases to a degree, but the specificity was poor. EGG parameters were affected by vocal lesion and its intrinsic inflammation.

Objective: To study the influences of vowel ae and a: on acoustics measures., Method: Fifty-three cases of laryngeal diseases were measured acoustically. The acoustic sampling were vowels ae and a:., Result: The results showed that Fo, Jitter and Shimmer were similar between two groups, and NNE of vowel a: was much lower than that of ae, indicating larger glottal closure in vowel a:., Conclusion: Vowels have something to do with glottal closure, therefore influencs acoustical measures.

The synchronous analysis of multichannel spectrum were used to determine the regulars, conditions and characters of the resonance when subjects pronounced. 140 subjects were selected for test and 1040 pieces of sound sample were collected, then the analysis of different parts (mouth, throat, head and chest) was done. The results of the analysis of variance showed that there was much difference among the various professional workers, different places of articulation, and patients with voice disorders in spectrum analysis (P < 0.001). Each part of resonance frequencies was put forward of pronouncing system. High frequency resonance comes from head and pharynx (above 2000 Hz high resonance cavity), and low frequency resonance comes from chest and larynx (less than 2000 Hz resonance cavity). We suggest that there are six degrees of clinical objective classification of the pathologic hoarseness.