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The increasing incidence of myopia has become a global public health concern. Exploring the mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of myopia is crucial for prevention and control. This paper reviews the role of peripheral retinal defocus mechanisms in the development of myopia, with particular emphasis on the interaction between accommodation lag and peripheral retinal defocus, as well as the impact of optical intervention on myopia control effectiveness. In recent years, researchers have developed various optical tools for myopia prevention and control based on the peripheral retinal defocus theory, such as peripheral defocus spectacle lenses, orthokeratology lenses, and peripheral defocus soft contact lenses. This paper aims to provide clinicians with the latest research findings to deepen their understanding of the mechanisms involved in myopia development and to guide the future development and clinical application of myopia prevention and control products.

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and prognosis of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV patients combined with cardiovascular disease （CVD). Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 112 COVID-19 patients with CVD admitted to the western district of Union Hospital in Wuhan, from January 20, 2020 to February 15, 2020. They were divided into critical group (ICU, n =16) and general group ( n =96) according to the severity of the disease and patients were followed up to the clinical endpoint. The observation indicators included total blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), arterial blood gas analysis, myocardial injury markers, coagulation function, liver and kidney function, electrolyte, procalcitonin (PCT), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), blood lipid, pulmonary CT and pathogen detection. Results: Compared with the general group, the lymphocyte count (0.74 (0.34, 0.94)×10 9 /L vs. 0.99 (0.71, 1.29)×10 9 /L, P =0.03) was extremely lower in the critical group, CRP (106.98 (81.57, 135.76) mg/L vs. 34.34 (9.55,76.54) mg/L, P <0.001) and PCT (0.20 (0.15,0.48) μg/L vs. 0.11 (0.06,0.20) μg/L, P <0.001) were significantly higher in the critical group. The BMI of the critical group was significantly higher than that of the general group (25.5 (23.0, 27.5) kg/m 2 vs. 22.0 (20.0, 24.0) kg/m 2 ， P =0.003). Patients were further divided into non-survivor group (17, 15.18%) group and survivor group (95, 84.82%). Among the non-survivors, there were 88.24% (15/17) patients with BMI> 25.0 kg/m 2 , which was significantly higher than that of survivors (18.95% (18/95), P <0.001). Compared with the survived patients, oxygenation index (130 (102, 415) vs. 434 (410, 444), P <0.001) was significantly lower and lactic acid (1.70 (1.30, 3.00) mmol/L vs. 1.20 (1.10, 1.60) mmol/L, P <0.001) was significantly higher in the non-survivors. There was no significant difference in the proportion of ACEI/ARB medication between the critical group and the general group or between non-survivors and survivors （all P >0.05). Conclusion: COVID-19 patients combined with CVD are associated with a higher risk of mortality. Critical patients are characterized with lower lymphocyte counts. Higher BMI are more often seen in critical patients and non-survivor. ACEI/ARB use does not affect the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 combined with CVD. Aggravating causes of death include fulminant inflammation, lactic acid accumulation and thrombotic events.

Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose.

A method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of the 10 kinds of 121 veterinary drugs (including chloramphenicols, β-agonists, sulfonamides, 4-quinolones, nitroimidazoles, macrolides, avermections, polyether antibiotics, tetracycline antibiotics, cephalosporins, etc.) in pork using QuEChERS method coupled with ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The drugs were extracted with Na2EDTA-McIlvaine buffer solution (pH = 4) and acetonitrile. Anhydrous sodium sulfate was used for the salting-out process. The solutions divided into two groups were cleaned-up by different mixed sorbents. The drugs were analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode via electrospray ionization. Among the 121 drugs, 5 drugs were quantified by internal standard method, and the other 116 drugs were quantified by external standard method. The calibration curves of the 121 drugs were linear in the range of 0.02-40 μg/L with the correlation coefficients more than 0.99. The limits of quantification (LOQs, S/N = 10) were 0.05-10 μg/kg. The average recoveries of 8 drugs at LOQ level in pork ranged from 41.7% to 59.6% with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 1.7% - 13.5%. The average recoveries of 10 drugs at LOQ level in pork ranged from 122.6% to 163.2% with the RSDs of 0.6% -14.8%. The average recoveries of 103 drugs at LOQ level in pork ranged from 60.3% to 118.3% with the RSDs of 0.4% - 16.7%. The proposed method is rapid, simple, sensitive, reliable and cost-effective.

In this study, simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) coupled Phosphorus removal process through gradually decreasing DO concentration was investigated by treating wastewater with a low COD/TN ratio (C/N = 3 : 1-4: 1) in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) inoculated with aerobic granular sludge (AGS). Successful SND coupled Phosphorus phenomenon occurred after 20d at the DO concentration of 0.50-1.0 mg x L(-1). In the following 40 days, the average removal rates of COD, NH4(+) -N, TN and TP were 84.84% , 93.51%, 77.06% and 85.69%, and the NO3(-) -N and NO2(-) -N average accumulations in the effluent were only 4.01 mg x L(-1) and 3.17 mg x L(-1), respectively. The AGS had complete forms and good settling performances, and the sludge volume index (SVI) was about 55.22 mL x g(-1) at the end of starting-up stage. The results of different nitrogen sources showed that the removal rate of TN was in the order of NH4(+) -N > NO2(-) -N > NO3(-) -N, and the removal rate of TP was in the order of NO3(-) -N > NO2(-) -N > NH4(+) -N. The nitrogen and phosphorus removal of wastewater were mainly realized by simultaneous nitrification and denitrification and denitrifying phosphorus removal, respectively.

Objective: To identify the genotypes of Toxoplasma gondii that infects HIV-positive people in Dali of Yunnan Province through analyzing the genetic loci of the surface antigens SAG1 and SAG3., Methods: A total of 291 blood samples from HIV-positive cases were collected from the HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control Institution in Yunnan. Nested PCR was used to amplify SAGI and SAG3 genes in the blood samples. The products were digested with restriction enzymes Sau96 I, Hae II and Nci I, and sequenced., Results: Of the 291 HIV-positive blood samples, 64 showed successful amplification of SAGI gene, and 42 of SAG3 gene, with product sizes of 390 bp and 225 bp, respectively. Enzymetic digestion of the PCR products resulted in fragments of 350 bp and 50 bp for SAGI, and -200 bp band for SAG3, consistent with RH, a particular type I strain of T. gondii. Sequencing of the SAG1 and SAG3 PCR products showed that their sequence identities with SAGI (Accession No. GQ253073) and SAG3 (Accession No. JX218225.1) of the type I strain of T. gondii were 99.98%-100% and 99.96% -99.98% respectively., Conclusion: The Toxoplasma gondii in HIV-positive cases in Dali of Yunnan Province is the type I strain of T. gondii.

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan parasite that infects all warm-blooded animals. The surface antigens of T. gondii with the potential for application as antigens of diagnosis and vaccines have been studied extensively in recent years, especially for P43, P35, P30, P23 and P22. The studies on the surface antigen in tachyzoites of T. gondii are reviewed in this paper.

A new strain of high ammonia nitrogen tolerant and heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacterium TN-14 was isolated from the environment. Its physiological and biochemical characteristics and molecular identification, performences of heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic, the abilities of resistance to ammonia nitrogen as well as the decontamination abilities were studied, respectively. It was preliminary identified as Acinetobacter sp. according to its physiological and biochemical characteristics and molecular identification results. In heterotrophic nitrification system, the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen removal rate of the bacterial strain TN-14 could reach 97.13% and 93.53% within 24 h. In nitrates denitrification system, the nitrate concentration could decline from 94.24 mg · L(-1) to 39.32 mg · L(-1) within 24 h, where the removal rate was 58.28% and the denitrification rate was 2.28 mg · (L · h)(-1); In nitrite denitrification systems, the initial concentration of nitrite could be declined from 97.78 mg · L(-1) to 21.30 mg x L(-1), with a nitrite nitrogen removal rate of 78.22%, and a denitrification rate of 2.55 mg · (L· h)(-1). Meanwhile, strain TN-14 had the capability of flocculant production, and the flocculating rate could reach 94.74% when its fermentation liquid was used to treat 0.4% kaolin suspension. Strain TN-14 could grow at an ammonia nitrogen concentration as high as 1200 mg · L(-1). In the aspect of actual piggery wastewater treatment by strain TN-14, the removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen, TN and TP cloud reached 85.30%, 65.72%, 64.86% and 79.41%, respectively. Strain TN-14 has a good application prospect in biological treatment of real high- ammonia wastewater.

Objective: To comparatively analyze Toxoplasma gondii separated from HIV-positive people and RH strain GRA6 gene., Methods: By using the nested PCR, the amplification of Dali HIV-positive blood samples and RH strains of Toxoplasma GRA6 genome was performed. The GRA6 gene amplification positive product was selected and the electrophoresis imaging was performed by being digested with the Mse I endonuclease, and the gene sequences were measured and analyzed., Results: The GRA6 gene fragment (800 bp) was successfully amplified, and about 600 bp and 200 bp bands were got by Mse I. The sequencing results showed that T. gondii GRA6 gene positive samples had 2 nucleotide variation compared with T. gondii strain RH, namely 447 base pair at C becoming G, and 623 base pair at G becoming T. At 146 bp and 690 bp, the Mse I restriction sites (TTAA) were found., Conclusion: The preliminary judgment shows that the Dali HIV-positive T. gondii genotype is consistent with RH strain, belonging to genotype I.

With GIS and RS technology, characteristics of land use change and ecosystem services value of different years in six national nature reserves in Xinjiang, China were analyzed with remote sensing image of the year 2000-2010. Results showed that the area of water body and grassland decreased while the area of forest, farmland, wetland, unused land and construction land increased in 2000-2010. Variation rate of land use change in 2000-2005 was faster, as 2.4-6.3 times as that in 2005-2010. The total ecosystem services value mostly consisted of that of water body, grassland and forest, accounting for 93% approximately. During the study, the values of all kinds of the ecosystem services increased except for grassland and water body, the total ecosystem services value increased firstly and then decreased, and overall emerged as a reducing trend with the rate of 1.2%. In the process of the development of the west regions, it is necessary to pay more attention to the protection of natural resources and ecosystem restoration, so as to achieve sustainable development of resources, environment and social economy in the western regions.

Objective: The purposes of our study were to investigate the association between maternal urinary phthalate metabolites and the levels of inhibin B (INHB) and insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) in the cord blood in a Chinese pregnant population., Methods: Maternal urine samples in the third trimester of pregnancy of 69 participants were collected and stored, and the samples of cord blood (10 ml) were collected at delivery between June 2011 and September 2012 in a comprehensive hospital of gynecology and obstetrics in Tianjin, China.Four phthalate metabolites, monomethyl phthalate (MMP), monoethyl phthalate (MEP), monobutyl phthalate (MBP), and mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) were measured in the urine samples using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The levels of INHB, INSL3 in the cord blood were tested by ELISA. Associations of phthalate exposure with INHB and INSL3 levels were determined by spearman correlation and multiple regression model analysis., Results: The median concentrations of observed metabolites in descending order were 49.74 µg/L for MMP, 24.96 µg/L for MEHP, 19.52 µg/L for MEP and 17.73 µg/L for MBP. The median concentrations of INHB and INSL3 were 89.09 and 106.21 ng/L.Significant negative associations between INHB and MMP(β' = -0.252), MEP(β' = -0.363) or the sum value (∑PAEs) (β' = -0.346) were found by the multiple regression model analysis. For INSL3, only the sum value (β' = -0.313) was inversely significantly associated with the levels of INSL3 in the cord blood., Conclusions: Maternal urinary phthalate metabolites were associated with INHB and INSL3 in the cord blood in a Chinese population.

Objective: To explore the effects on cell proliferation and invasion as well as molecular basis after suppressing EZH2 expression in endometrial carcinoma cells by using siRNAs., Methods: RT-PCR was used to examine the expression of EZH2 in endometrial carcinoma and their paracancerous tissues. SiRNAs targeting to EZH2 were transfected to endometrial carcinoma cells, and MTT, FACS, and boyden assays were utilized to examine cell proliferation, cell cycle change, and cell invasion. Finally, the molecular mechanisms of EZH2 on cell function alteration were investigated., Results: Compared with paracancerous tissues, increased expression trend of EZH2 mRNA was showed in endometrial carcinoma tissues. Further, knocking down EZH2 expression inhibited cell growth, cell cycle transition from G1 to S phase, and cell invasion ability. Molecular basis indicated that suppression of EZH2 downregulated the expression of E2F1 and MMP9 and upregulated tumor suppressor p21 expression., Conclusion: EZH2 expression is increased in endometrial carcinoma tissues. Knocking down EZH2 expression suppresses the cell growth, cell cycle transition and cell invasion by downregulated E2F1 and MMP9, and upregulated tumor suppressor p21 expression.

Objective: To observe the effects of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and monobutyl phthalate (MBP) on the mRNA and protein expression of insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) in the Leydig tumor cells (MA-10) of mice and the level of testosterone secreted from MA-10 cells., Methods: The MA-10 cells of mice, used as a cellular model, were exposed to DBP and MBP. The content of testosterone in the supernatant medium was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; the mRNA and protein expression levels of INSL3 in MA-10 cells were measured by quantitative PCR and Western Blot., Results: Compared with the control group, MA-10 cells showed increased synthesis of testosterone when exposed to low concentrations of DBP and MBP (10(-9) ∼ 10(-6) mol/L) and inhibited synthesis of testosterone when exposed to high concentrations of DBP and MBP (10(-3) mol/L), and the typical two-way effects became more significant as the time went one and the concentrations increased (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, MA-10 cells showed significantly lower mRNA and protein expression levels of INSL3 when exposed to 10(-6) and 10(-4) mol/L DBP (P < 0.05); MA-10 cells showed increased protein expression of INSL3 when exposed to 10(-7) mol/L MBP, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of INSL3 decreased as the concentration of MBP increased., Conclusion: DBP and MBP can inhibit the secretion of testosterone from MA-10 cells at high concentrations, but stimulate the secretion of testosterone at low concentrations. Both DBP and MBP have inhibitory effects on the mRNA and protein expression of INSL3 in MA-10 cells.

Objective: To generalize the application of Tuina in treating infantile diseases and evaluate the validity and safety of Tuina., Methods: By a multicentre randomized controlled study, 240 patients were randomly divided into an observation group (n = 180) and a control group (n = 60). The observation group was treated by tonifying Pijing and clarifying Dachangjing, and Tuina on Lanmen, Qi, Fu Shangqijiegu, Guiwei and Zusanli (ST 36), etc. Banmen and Sanguan were used as the supplementary point according to the syndrome differentiation. The control group was treated by oral administration of Smecta. After 5 day treatments, Chinese syndrome score and the clinical effect were evaluated., Results: After the third and fifth treatment, the Chinese syndrome score of both groups descended obviously. The decline of the observation group was superior to that of the control group (all P < 0.01). The cured rate of 75.6% (136/180) in the observation group was better than 21.7% (13/60) in the control group (P < 0.001). The clinical cured rate of 95.0% (171/180) according to Chinese syndrome score in the observation group was better than 58.3% (35/60) in the control group (P < 0.001). There was no adverse reaction in both groups., Conclusion: Infantile Tuina has a better therapeutic effect in the treatment of acute infantile diarrhea than oral administration of Smecta.

Objective: To observe the effect of soy protein on the concentration of serum lipids in hypercholesterolemic people and the correlation between dietary protein and serum lipids., Methods: Ninety healthy hypercholesterolemic volunteers were given beverages contained either 24 g of casein or 18 g of soy protein plus 6 g of casein by random daily for 8 weeks without change of their habitual life. Body height, body weight, waist and hip circumference and serum lipids were measured before and after the study., Result: (1) The body weight and body mass index of subjects in the soy group were decreased slightly but significantly (P < 0.05), while the waist-to-hip circumference of subjects in casein group was decreased (P < 0.05). (2) ApoB and TC/HDL-C ratio were significantly reduced after consuming soy protein beverages for 8 weeks (P < 0.05), while in casein group, TC, LDL-C and ApoB were reduced significantly (P < 0.05). (3) The reduction in TC concentration was negatively correlated with the quantity of dietary protein intake (r = - 0.419, P < 0.01), whereas it was positively correlated with the quantity of vegetable protein intake (r = 0.521, P < 0.01)., Conclusion: The effect of soy protein on serum lipids could be influenced by the source and quantity of dietary protein.

Objective: To explore the effect of different doses of 1,25-(OH)(2)VitD(3) early supplementation on airway inflammation and lung inflammatory factors in baby rats with asthma., Methods: Forty male weaned Wistar rats were divided into normal group, model group, low 1,25-(OH)(2)VitD(3) group, middle 1,25-(OH)(2)VitD(3) group, high 1,25-(OH)(2)VitD(3) group using random number table (8 rats each group). The rats in low, middle and high 1,25-(OH)(2)VitD(3) groups were given 1, 4, 10 µg/kg of 1,25-(OH)(2)VitD(3) every other day by intraperitoneal injection respectively for 25 days. Except normal group, the rats in other groups were challenged with ovalbumin to establish the asthma model. The pathologic changes of lung tissue, the total white blood cell and classified cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured. The concentrations of IL-4, IL-5 and IFN-γ in serum and BALF were measured by ELISA method., Results: The level of total white blood cell counts in BALF were (5.98 ± 1.67)×10(5)/ml, (25.34 ± 4.28)×10(5)/ml, (17.24 ± 3.3)×10(5)/ml, (9.31 ± 3.37)×10(5)/ml, (45.1 ± 15.75)×10(5)/ml, respectively (F = 33.453, P < 0.01). The percent ratio of EOS in BALF were (1.44 ± 0.78)%, (17.81 ± 6.88)%, (15.00 ± 5.70)%, (8.89 ± 3.66)%, (25.88 ± 5.57)%, respectively (F = 27.299, P < 0.01). The level of IL-4 in serum of normal, model, low, middle and high-1,25-(OH)(2)VitD(3) groups were (0.62 ± 0.54), (7.57 ± 1.04), (3.58 ± 0.56), (2.70 ± 0.78) and (5.27 ± 0.30) pg/ml, respectively (F = 116.287, P < 0.01); IL-5 in resume were (32.20 ± 4.23), (67.14 ± 18.14), (37.51 ± 0.47), (40.69 ± 2.47) and (124.60 ± 36.19) pg/ml, respectively (F = 23.902, P < 0.01); IFN-γ in serum were (79.71 ± 10.08), (49.06 ± 4.46), (59.15 ± 2.51), (59.27 ± 2.33) and (53.85 ± 1.97) pg/ml, respectively (F = 39.954, P < 0.01). Also in BLAF, the IL-4 of all groups were (0.51 ± 0.30), (102.92 ± 54.61), (8.64 ± 4.07), (3.10 ± 1.28) and (33.67 ± 8.1) pg/ml, respectively (F = 24.062, P < 0.01); the IFN-γ were (247.37 ± 189.18), (43.82 ± 13.76), (81.32 ± 17.07), (86.50 ± 14.26) and (59.89 ± 34.17) pg/ml, respectively (F = 7.157, P < 0.01); the IL-5 in BALF were (38.81 ± 0.60), (80.48 ± 17.90), (45.11 ± 1.33), (43.39 ± 1.11) and (149.60 ± 45.87) pg/ml, respectively (F = 35.978, P < 0.01). Pathologic changes in lung of asthma rat groups were obvious. The lung pathologic changes in low and middle dose groups showed a significant improvement compared to the asthma group and high dosage group showed more serious pathologic changes compared to the low and middle dose groups., Conclusion: Intervention with appropriate dose of 1,25-(OH)(2)VitD(3) in the early life could improve lung pathologic changes and reduce the effect of inflammatory factors in air way of baby rat asthma model. However, overdose might play detrimental effect.

Objective: To study the effects of soybean isoflavone on liver lipid, serum lipid, antioxidant index and hepatic lipid metabolism associated factors in nonalcoholic fatty liver rats., Methods: Thirty-six male rats (SD) were randomly divided into four groups by weight: normal control group, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) model control group, low-dose isoflavone treatment group (10 mg/kg) and high-dose isoflavone group (20 mg/kg), 9 rats in each group. Normal control rats were fed with D12450B (10% fat energy), model control and isoflavone intervention rats were fed with D12492 (60% fat energy). Twelve weeks later, liver lipid, serum lipid and antioxidant index were observed. Liver sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and peroxisome proliferators activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) were detected by western blotting., Results: Liver triglyceride (TG) in normal control group, NAFLD model control group, low-dose isoflavone group and high-dose isoflavone group were (8.11 ± 4.13), (57.06 ± 16.95), (31.26 ± 10.48), (31.38 ± 13.25) mmol/mg protein, respectively (F = 22.569, P < 0.01); liver free fatty acid (FFA) were (0.030 ± 0.007), (0.042 ± 0.009), (0.038 ± 0.009), (0.032 ± 0.005) µmol/mg protein, respectively (F = 4.857, P < 0.01); liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were (502.29 ± 23.71), (201.83 ± 16.99), (228.93 ± 21.71), (238.08 ± 15.96) U/mg protein, respectively (F = 9.555, P < 0.01); liver malondialdehyde (MDA) were (1.29 ± 0.29), (2.85 ± 0.73), (2.07 ± 0.49), (2.03 ± 0.37) nmol/mg protein, respectively (F = 13.449, P < 0.01); SREBP-1c protein expression were 0.45 ± 0.16, 1.42 ± 0.30, 1.02 ± 0.31, 0.47 ± 0.27, respectively (F = 24.515, P < 0.01); FAS protein expression were 0.27 ± 0.08, 1.97 ± 0.47, 1.35 ± 0.30, 0.49 ± 0.12, respectively (F = 60.361, P < 0.01); PPARα protein expression were 2.03 ± 0.56, 0.41 ± 0.17, 0.81 ± 0.27, 0.66 ± 0.16, respectively (F = 37.97, P < 0.01)., Conclusion: Soy isoflavone can reduce the hepatic lipid deposition and increase antioxidant capacity, the mechanism may be related to inhibition of SREBP-1c and activation of PPARα expression in liver.

By using ARSTAN software to wipe off the growth trend of tree-ring width and transform the series into index form, the tree chronology of Cinnamomum camphora in Dagangshan forest area of Jiangxi Province was built, and the responses of the tree-ring width of C. camphora to climate change in study area were studied. The results showed that the built tree chronology included abundant environmental climatic information, which could be used in dendrochronological research. In study area, the tree-ring width of C. camphora was positively correlated to the mean monthly temperature in growth season, especially to that of April and May (P < 0.05). The correlation of the tree-ring width with monthly precipitation was more complicated, being significant negative with the precipitation in current May (P < 0.01) and last December (P < 0.05), while significant positive with that in current June and August (P < 0.05). The tree-ring width had a good correlation with the humidity index of current May, June, August, and September. Temperature and precipitation had obvious integrative effects on the tree-ring width of C. camphora in Dagangshan forest area of Jiangxi Province.

Objective: To establish a nude mouse model of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) lymph node metastasis and screen the signature genes associated with the metastasis., Methods: The NPC 5-8F-EGFP cells were inoculated into nude mice, from which a 5-8F-LN cell line with lymph node metastasis potential was obtained. The lymphatic metastasis-related signature genes of breast cancer and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma were screened by data mining method., Results: The NPC cell lines 5-8F and 6-10B showed 307 differentially expressed genes by microarray analysis, from which 20 overlapping genes were identified, and 3 overexpressed genes were found with probable metastasis potential, namely the ADM, IRF1, and CAV1 genes. Quantitative RT-PCR validated the data mining results in the 5-8F-EGFP, 6-10B-EGFP, NP69, and 5-8F-LN cell lines. The 3 NPC cell lines 5-8F-EGFP, 6-10B-EGFP and 5-8F-LN showed significantly higher expressions of IRF1 than NP69 cells (P=0.008, 0.022, and 0.006, respectively. The expression level of CAV1 in 5-8F-EGFP cells was significantly higher than that in 6-10B-EGFP cells (P=0.014), but ADM expression showed no significant difference between the 4 cell lines., Conclusions: IRF1 may play an important role in the progression of NPC. The overexpression of CAV1 in 5-8F-EGFP cells can be associated with the high metastatic potential of the cells.

This paper studied the biomass and carbon storage of the ground bryophytes under young Picea balfouriana (P), Pinus tabulaeformis (Y), Pinus armandii (H), Larix kaempferi (L), Picea balfouriana-Pinus tabulaeformis (P-Y), and Pinus tabulaeformis-Pinus armandii (Y-H) forest plantations in the upper reach of Minjiang River, Sichuan Province. The results showed that total biomass and carbon storage of ground bryophytes were relatively low, being 3.11 - 460.36 kg x hm(-2) and 1.12 +/- 0.03 x 168.95 +/- 0.92 kg x hm(-2), respectively. On plot level, only the bryophyte biomass between forest P and others, and the carbon storage between forest L and others were significantly different. The ground bryophyte had the highest biomass and carbon storage under forest P, while the lowest ones under forest H. Comprehensive analysis suggested that forest type and its structural feature might be the important factors determining the biomass and carbon storage of ground bryophytes, and thinning was an important measure to improve ground bryophyte growth and biomass production.