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At first this paper quantitatively evaluated the low-frequency wave performance of NCEP-CF Sv2 model over the eight key areas on 700 hPa from January to March and from October to December of 2017， and then made operationally the fifteen extended-range operational predictions of strong cooling process for January to April of 2018 and for November to January 2019 with the 1~30 days prediction given by CFSv2 model as well as the low-frequency wave conceptual predicting model.The results show that the phase and evolution trend of the low-frequency wave in the key area predicted by CFSv2 model are highly consistent with the reality， with the correlation coefficients of 0.839 of the predicted low-frequency waves with the observed for the extended-range （11~30 days）， the accuracy of low frequency wave trend by the model over 3~6 pentad up to percent of 83.3 on average， and the percentage of 100-percent accuracy of the trend even up to 45.8.The average accuracy， Cs and Zs scores of 15 strong cooling process operational predicting are 61.2%， 0.149 and 0.158 respectively， and at the same time the occurrence of the two strongest cooling processes at the beginning and the end of 2018 were accurately given with the lead-time of 18 and 16 days in turn， which are significantly higher than those of the operation predicting for the same period of 2015 to 2017 without CFSv2 results.

In order to research the characteristics of the tornado process caused by the landing typhoon, and improve the ability of monitoring, potential forecasting and early warning, the on-site disaster survey data, the observation data of the ground-encrypted automatic station, the European reanalysis data (ERA5), Bengbu Doppler weather radar and Fuyang S-band dual-polarization radar detection data were used, to analyze the meteorological elements, atmospheric circulation, key physical factors and radar echo characteristics when the tornado happened on 18 August 2018. The results show that the tornado located in the northeast quadrant area of the " Rumbia " center, is accompanied by steep rising and falling air pressure, sharp drop in temperature, strong winds and short-term heavy precipitation, and the intensity is EF0. The area has the best collocation of convective effective potential energy (CAPE) and the storm horizontal relative helicity (SRH), the maximal 0-1km SRH is 149 m2·s-2. During the period of increasing vertical helicity, Lingbi tornado occurred. Both radars can detect the hook echo of the supercell, with a central reflectivity of about 60 dBz, and there are bounded weak echoes and echo overhangs. The shape of the mesocyclone changed from an ellipse to a circle. At the same time, the low-level radial velocity difference of the TVS rapidly increased, and a tornado disaster occurred in Lingbi. In addition, the dual-polarization radar can detect the hook echo of the supercell at 165 km, which has a wider detection range of tornadoes, and can identify more obvious positive and negative velocity pairs and tornado debris signatures (TDS), having stronger detection ability to tornado.

Based on the rainfall data at the81 national surface meteorological observation stations from 1961 to 2016 and the hourly rainfall data at the 1162 surface automatic weather stations over Anhui Province from 2006 to 2016, the casualty loss data from Anhui Civil Department from 1961 to 2016, and the disaster condition for the 227 rainstorm events collected in Anhui meteorological disaster Yearbook from 2006 to 2016, we have conducted a statistical analysis of the effect of the duration, region, area range, and daily and hourly rainfall for the rainstorm events on disaster loss by using several methods including climate average, generalized extreme, probability density function and percentile distribution, then accordingly classified the rainstorm disaster warning grades in Anhui Province. The main results are as follow. (1) The early warning of rainstorm disaster in Anhui can be divided into four levels, i.e., Ⅳ (mild), Ⅲ (moderate), Ⅱ (severe) and Ⅰ (extra heavy). (2) From levels Ⅳ to Ⅰ, the duration of rainstorm events ranges from 1 to 4 days, and their range is determined by the percentage of rainstorm area in total area of a region, increasing from 20% in level Ⅳ to 80% in levelⅠ. (3) According to the regional difference of rainstorm events, Anhui can be divided into the three areas, i.e., the northern Anhui along Huaihe River (Ⅰ), the Dabie Mountains and southern Anhui mountain regions (Ⅱ) and the region between Yangtze River and Huaihe River (Ⅲ). Then the quantitative relationship between the precipitation and the rainstorm disaster situation is established, and the corresponding daily and hourly rainfall indices are set up in each region. (4) Based on the above-mentioned early warning levels for rainstorm disaster, the149 rainstorm events causing disasters in Anhui from 1981 to 2018is constructed and tested, which is used in the early warning of rainstorm disaster from June to July in 2020. The results indicate that the release period of rainstorm disaster warning is around 0.66-0.82 years for level Ⅳ (mild), 15-1.90 years for level Ⅲ (moderate), 3.16-3.80 years for level Ⅱ (severe), and 9.5-12.6 years for level Ⅰ (extra heavy), which is consistent with the actual rainstorm disaster in Anhui and can provide a reference for the meteorological department to start the emergency response of rainstorm.

The good results of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) combined with minimally invasive surgery are reflected in reducing the incidence of perioperative complications and shortening the length of hospitalization (LOS). It has been widely used in surgical fields of different specialties. The implementation of the day surgery mode can shorten the waiting time for patients and reduce the financial burden. Especially in thoracic surgery, the shorter the waiting time in the hospital, the more beneficial for the patient's physical and psychological recovery. With the widespread implementation of minimally invasive technology and accelerated rehabilitation procedures, the application of ERAS in thoracic surgery has made it possible for some thoracic surgery to be completed in the day surgery. This article summarizes the current application of ERAS in the field of thoracic surgery and the development prospects of day surgery models in China.

Background and objective The types and number of day surgery are increasing, what is the result of day surgery of selected patients with lung cancer? To explore the operation process and clinical effect of day surgery in patients with lung cancer by fusing the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) and minimally invasive surgical techniques. Methods A prospective study was planned with the approval of our institutional review board. 153 lung cancer patients who underwent anatomic resection in a single medical group between June 2019 and Nov 2019 were randomized. 20 patients were applied day surgery and 28 patients by inpatient surgery and the average length of stay, average hospital cost , complications and adverse reactions were analysed. Results The average hospital day in DSG group (1 d) was significantly shorter than in ISG group (7.7±2.8) d (P=0.000). The average hospital cost in DSG group (38,297.3±3,408.7)¥ was significantly lower than in ISG group (47,831.1±7,376.1)¥ (P=0.000). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the daytime surgery group (5.0%) and the inpatient surgery group (3.6%) (P=0.812). The postoperation adverse reactions in DSG (10.0%) and ISG (17.9%) is no difference (P=0.72). Conclusion Our study showed that the same clinical effect achieved between DSG and ISG, and recover quickly lung cancer patients after day surgery.

The communication security issue brought by smart substation is of great importance and should not be ignored in backbone optical networks.To solve this problem,firstly,the communication security challenges faced by optical networks in smart substation environment were analyzed,a signaling security optimization technique for optical networks for smart substation services was proposed.A so-called light-weighted security signaling scheme was designed to establish the end-to-end trusted connection.Under the environment of multi-domain communication services in smart substation,evaluation simulation for the signaling interaction was conducted.Simulation results show that the proposed approach can greatly enhance the security ability of multi-domain optical network with better performance in term of connection success rate.

Background and objective Oscillatory positive expiratory pressure (OPEP) training is a kind of breathing exercise with Acapella. The clinical value of OPEP has been widely discussed in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis as well as pulmonary cyst. However, few studies have explored the application of OPEP in surgery lung cancer patients underwent lobectomy. Thus, the aim of this study is to explore the impact of the application of OPEP device (acapella) in lung cancer patients undergoing video-assisted thorascopic surgery (VATS). Methods Sixty-nine patients receiving VATS lobectomy in Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University from September 15, 2017 to January 15, 2018 were randomly divided into the acapella group (AG) or the control group (CG). The patients in the AG received oscillating positive expiratory pressure training and the CG underwent standard perioperative treatment. The differences of morbidity, pulmonary function, quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results Thirty-five patients were assigned to the AG and thirty-four patients were assigned to the CG. The incidences of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) and atelectasis (2.9%, 0.0%) in the AG were significantly lower than that in the CG (20.6%, 14.7%)(P=0.03, P=0.03). The duration of total hospital stay and postoperative hospital stay in the AG (10.86±5.64, 5.09±4.55) d were significantly shorter than that in the CG (10.86±5.64, 5.09±4.55) d (P=0.01, P=0.01). The drug cost in the AG (4,413.60±1,772.35) ¥ were significantly lower than that in the CG (6,490.35±3,367.66) ¥ (P=0.01). The patients in the AG had better forced expiratory volume in the first second and peak expiratory flow [(1.50±0.32) L,(252.06±75.27) L/min] compared with the CG [(1.34±0.19) L, (216.94±49.72) L/min] (P=0.03, P=0.03) at discharge. Conclusion The application of OPEP device during the perioperative period was valuable in decreasing PPCs and enhancing recovery for lung cancer patients receiving VATS lobectomy.

Background and objective The incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE) in lung cancer patients who underwent surgery increased during the perioperative period, and prophylactic anticoagulation therapy was important part of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). However, the timing of preventive anticoagulation in patients with lung cancer remained controversial. This study was designed to investigate the safety and efficacy of perioperative prophylactic anticoagulation therapy for lung cancer patients. Methods Retrospective research was conducted on 562 lung cancer patients who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) anatomic pulmonary resections in West China Hospital from June 2016 to December 2016. 56 patients were treated with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) anticoagulation 12 hours before operation until discharge, while the other 506 patients were treated with LMWH 24 hours after operation until discharge. The postoperative chest drainage volume, postoperative bleeding, pulmonary embolism incidence, and respiratory complications were analyzed. Results (1) There were no significant differences in prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and international normalized ratio (INR) between the pre-operation prophylactic anticoagulation group (PRE group) [(11.5±3.9) s, (27.8±3.5) s, (0.96±0.06) s] and the post-operation prophylactic anticoagulation group (POST group) [(11.4±1.4) s, (28.3±4.0) s, (0.98±0.07) s] (P=0.796, P=0.250, P=0.137), and there was no significant difference in Caprini score between the PRE group (3.1±1.8) and the POST group (3.3±1.5) (P=0.104). (2) There were no significant differences in anesthesia time and intraoperative bleeding between PRE group [(130.2±53.9) min, (76.8±49.3) mL] and POST group [(142.2±56.5) min, (73.7±41.6) mL] (P=0.067, P=0.201). (3) The total drainage volume in 72 hours after operation in PRE group [(728.1±505.7) mL] was significantly higher than that of POST group [(596.4±373.5) mL] (P=0.005), while there were no significant differences between the two groups in total postoperative drainage volume [(1,066.8±1,314.6) mL vs (907.8±999.8) mL, P=0.203]. (4) There were no significant differences between the two groups in pulmonary embolism incidence (1.785% vs 0.019%, P=0.525) and postoperative bleeding rates (1.785% vs 0.039%, P=0.300). (5) There were no significant differences between PRE group and POST group in subcutaneous emphysema incidence (1.785% vs 1.581%, P=0.989) and pulmonary infection rates (14.285% vs 6.324%, P=0.085). Conclusion The clinical value of preoperative prophylactic anticoagulation is equal to postoperative prophylactic anticoagulation for lung cancer patients.

Background and objective Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), especially postoperative pneumonia (POP), directly affect the rapid recovery of lung cancer patients after surgery. Peak expiratory flow (PEF) can reflect airway patency and cough efficiency. Moreover, cough impairment may lead to accumulation of pulmonary secretions which can increase the risk of PPCs. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of preoperative PEF on PPCs in patients with lung cancer. Methods Retrospective research was conducted on 433 lung cancer patients who underwent lobectomy at the West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2014 to December 2015. The associations between preoperative PEF and PPCs were analyzed based on patients’ basic characteristics and clinical data in hospital. Results Preoperative PEF value in PPCs group (280.93±88.99) L/min was significantly lower than that in non-PPCs group (358.38±93.69) L/min (P320 L/min group (9.4%)(P

Background and objective Patients often have cough after lung surgery, and there is a lack of tools to specifically assess postoperative coughs. LCQ-MC (Leicester Cough Questionnaire in Mandarin-Chinese) was revised and validated to explore its value on clinical application. Methods A total of 250 patients undergone the lung operation of single medical team, from September 2015 to December 2016 in the Department ofThoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, were investigated. Among them, 121 patients completed LCQ-MC and 129 patients completed simplified LCQ-MC, we verified the reliability and validity. Results The new questionnaire was not changed in terms of content layout and the scoring method of LCQ-MC, consisting of 12 items and three domains (physical, psychological and social). There was good content validity (S-CVI/UA=0.83). Concurrent validity was high when the simplified LCQ-MC was compared with daytime cough symptom score (r=-0.578, P

Background and objective Postoperative complications (PCs) are contributing factors to patient mortality following lung resection. In this retrospective study, the Clavien-Dindo classification was used to analyze the current incidence of PCs and identify the risk factors of different grades of PCs. Methods A total of 966 lung cancer patients who underwent lobectomy in our department between June 2013 and December 2014 were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the occurrence of PCs. The PCs were classified into four grades through the Clavien-Dindo classification, and the related risk factors of different grades were evaluated. Results Approximately 15.0% (145/966) of patients had PC (total incidence: 39.3%, 380/966). Among the 380 cases with PCs, the proportions of Clavien-Dindo grade I, grade II, grade III and grade IV or above complications were 6.8%, 75.3%, 15.0% and 2.9%, respectively. Binary Logistic regressions showed that preoperative forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide of the lung (single breath)(DLco SB), and preoperative combined chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were the significant independent factors for PCs. FEV1 in preoperative pulmonary function was the significant risk factor for complications at Clavien-Dindo grade I, grade II, grade III, and above. Conclusion Clavien-Dindo grade II complications are the most common complications within 30 days after lung cancer lobectomy. FEV1 is closely related to the occurrence of PCs and may potentially be one of the practical variables to assess the risk of occurrence of PCs.

Background and objective Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is proposed as an effective strategy to decrease surgical morbidity. However, appropriate rehabilitation plan, initiation time, and optimal duration of PR remain unclear. Lung cancer patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are considered high-risk population for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) because of poor lung fitness and cardiopulmonary endurance. This study aims to assess the impact of a one-week, systematic and highly-intensive rehabilitation on surgical lung cancer patients with mild to moderate COPD. Methods A randomized controlled trial with 48 subjects was conducted (24 patients each for the intervention and groups). The intervention group received seven days of systematic, integrated and highly-intensive PR before surgical treatment, including: pharmacotherapy with atomizing terbutaline, pulmicort and infusion of ambroxol; and physical rehabilitation with respiratory training and endurance training. The control group underwent standard preoperative care. Results For the intervention group, the postoperative length of stay was shorter [(6.17±2.91) d vs (8.08±2.21) d; P=0.013]; likewise for the duration of antibiotics use [(3.61±2.53) d vs (5.36±3.12) d; P=0.032]. No significant difference was found between the groups in total in-hospital cost [(46,455.6±5,080.9) ¥ vs (45,536.0±4,195.8) ¥, P=0.498], medicine cost [(7,760.3±2,366.0) vs (6,993.0±2,022.5), P=0.223], and material cost [(21,155.5±10,512.1) ¥ vs (21,488.8±3,470.6) ¥, P=0.883]. In the intervention group, peak expiratory flow [(268.40±123.94) L/min vs (343.71±123.92) L/min; P

Background and objective There are incresing lung cancer patients detected and diagnosed at the intermediate stage when the pre-malignant or early lesions are amenable to resection and cure, owing to the progress of medical technology, the renewal of detection methods, the popularity of medical screening and the improvement of social health consciousness. The aim of this study is to investigate the risk factors of the occurrence of postoperative cardio-pulmonary complications in stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, based on routine laboratory tests, basic characteristics, and intraoperative variables in hospital. Methods The 421 patients after lobectomy in patients with stage I NSCLC at the West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2012 to December 2013 were included into the study and stratified into complication group and non-complication group, according to whether to occur postoperative cardio-pulmonary complications after lobectomy in 30 days. Results Of them, 64 (15.2%) patients were finally identified and selected into the complication group, compared with 357 (84.8%) in non-complication group: pneumonia (8.8%, 37/421) was the primary complication, and other main complications included atelectasis (5.9%, 25/421), pleural effusion (≥middle) (5.0%, 21/421), persistent air leak (3.6%, 15/421); The operation time (P=0.007), amount of blood loss (P=0.034), preoperative chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (P=0.027), white blood cell (WBC) count (P

Background Along with the acceleration of population aging and the increase in average life expectancy, how to improve the quality of life of residents has become a social focus. Cancer is a major factor that seriously affects the health, causing increased medical burden. Therefore, it is of great significance to analyze cancer incidence in Cenxi City, Guangxi. Objective To perform a statistical analysis of cancer incidence in Cenxi from 2016 to 2020. Methods Data on cancer incidence in Cenxi from 2016 to 2020 were obtained from the Cancer Registry System of Cenxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Cancers were classified by the Guideline for Chinese Cancer Registration and International Classification of Disease for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O). Sex-specific and age-specific crude incidence rates, standardized incidence rates, and cumulative incidence rates (0-74 years), as well as truncated age-standardized incidence rate (35-64 years) were calculated. The standardized incidence rate was calculated by the 2000 Population Census of China and Segi's world population structure (Chinese age-standardized incidence rate was referred to as ASIRC, and world age-standardized incidence rate as ASIRW) . Results There were 4 205 registered new cases of cancer from 2016 to 2020 in Cenxi. The crude cancer incidence rate was 98.77/105. The ASIRC, ASIRW, cumulative incidence rate (0-74 years) and the truncated age-standardized incidence rate (35-64 years) were 85.48/105, 82.54/105, 9.08%, and 165.08/105, respectively. The male crude incidence rate was higher than that in female (χ2=161.703, P

Blockchain technology could effectively solve the problems of lack of trust,malicious tampering and false transactions.However,the open and transparent characteristics of the blockchain make the distributed energy trading model based on the blockchain extremely vulnerable to be attacked,leading to the disclosure of user’s privacy.Therefore,a privacy-preserving scheme BLDP-AM based on differential privacy algorithm and account mapping technology is proposed to protect the privacy information of trading data.Our scheme redesigns the data perturbation mechanism of the local differential privacy algorithm to make it applicable to blockchain technology,and constructs the BLDP algorithm based on this perturbation mechanism to protect the privacy of transaction data.At the same time,in order to ensure the correctness of trading and hide the characteristics of the trading curve,our scheme first associates users with multiple accounts through account mapping technology,then uses the exponential smoo-thing prediction algorithm to calculate the trading prediction value of each account,and finally uses the BLDP algorithm to perturb the trading prediction value to obtain the real trading value and conduct trading.Our scheme not only guarantee the correctness of transactions but also achieve the purpose of protecting the privacy of trading data.The privacy analysis proves the feasibility of the scheme in protecting user privacy,and the experimental analysis shows that the scheme has better performance.

A security capacity assessment method based on security behavior ontology,was proposed to collect users' be-havior data from their smartphones under unconscious condition to solve the problem of detecting mobile phone users' real existing insecure behaviors.A security behavior ontology was set up for formalizing the phone,message,network and App behavior data of mobile phone users and relevant rules were also set down for determining and associating inse-cure actions.Referring to the notion of attack graph,an insecure behavior detection algorithm was proposed based on behavior association graph for analyzing the paths of insecure behaviors dynamically.Furthermore,a competency model of information security capability assessment was presented for realizing the quantitative evaluation of information secu-rity capability of users.The experiment results prove the effectiveness of present competency model for insecure behavior path detection and security ability assessment.