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In order to study the friction and wear properties of surface of PI/5% PTFE 45 steel with filled laser pits immersed in vegetable oil, using a laser welding machine to prepare pit textures on the surface of 45 steel specimens, and a mixture of PI and PTFE powder was filled into the pits. Castor oil, soybean oil and corn oil were used to impregnate the specimen with filled pits, and specimen with filled pits immersed in vegetable oil was prepared. Pin-on-disk wear tests were conducted, and the wear surfaces were observed. Measurements of surface scratch width and depth, friction coefficients, wear amount and surface micro morphology were conducted to characterize the friction and wear properties of surface of the specimen with filled pits immersed in oil. Results showed that, compared to specimen with filled pits, specimen with filled pits immersed in vegetable oil exhibited superior tribological performance. Specifically, compared to specimen with filled pits immersed in corn oil and soybean oil, the wear volume on the surfaces of specimen with filled pits immersed in castor oil decreased by 94.12% and 85.29%, respectively, showing the least amount of surface wear. Compared with soybean oil and corn oil, castor oil has the highest viscosity and saturated fatty acid ratio. Castor oil acid has two polar groups. The above characteristics of castor oil improved the wear resistance and load-bearing capacity of the surface of castor oil immersed specimens. Therefore, the surface of specimens immersed in castor oil exhibited better tribological properties.