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Objective With the rapid development of rail transit technology and intelligent improvement of urban public transportation, the digital and intelligent concept extends and spreads widely in urban rail transit system, gradually becoming the main goal of rail transit evolution. However, how to achieve the goal and implement concrete promotion mode is not clear, so it is necessary to analyze the realization path and related effects of digital intelligent rail transit. Method The development status of the medium and low capacity rail transit is analyzed. The development process of intelligent concept of rail transit is summarized. The intelligent design is proposed to improve the operation efficiency and reduce the maintenance cost of the medium and low capacity rail transit. The digital-intelligent promotion scheme for the medium and low capacity rail transit is designed by means of its lightweight scale characteristics and second mover advantage in technology. The advantages of the digital-intelligent promotion scheme and the influence of digital intelligent on rail transit design, operation and maintenance are analyzed. Result & Conclusion Based on the digital-intelligent strategy of CRRC(China Railway Rolling Stock Corporation) and with the rapid development of rail transit technology, the digital-intelligent development of medium and low capacity rail transit will greatly promote the transformation process of rail transit industry to intelligence.

Sludge lysis liquid is a highly concentrated solution containing macromolecular organic matter produced during thermal hydrolysis of sludge. Anaerobic digestion is commonly used to achieve degradation conversion and resource recovery. However, during the thermal conversion process, the presence of refractory organic matter such as Melad reaction products can result in low anaerobic conversion efficiency and methane yield. To address the issue, this study proposes a method for the intensive treatment and resource recovery of sludge lysis liquid using a microbial electrolysis-assisted anaerobic digestion (ME-AD) system. The study aimed to investigate the degradation efficacy of macromolecular organic matter and the conversion efficiency of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The results of the study showed that the direct treatment of raw lysis liquid with ME-AD improved the anaerobic degradation efficiency compared to the usual treatment, which involved a 5-fold dilution of lysis liquid. The COD removal rate was 40.2% in the renewal batch cycle, which was 15.6% higher than the conventional anaerobic conversion. Additionally, the complex organic matter in the intensively degraded sludge lysis liquid was converted to SCFAs, which were produced at a maximum concentration of 40.0×10^5 mg/L during the fifth day of intensive anaerobic fermentation. Among the SCFAs, acetic acid had the highest percentage at 68.1%. This study provides a new approach to address the treatment of sludgelys is liquid and utilization of sludge resources.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), gradually increasing in China, is a chronic and recurrent intestinal inflammatory disease. Recently, probiotics have been applied for the treatment of IBD, and some probiotic strains can alleviate or treat IBD by protection of the intestinal barrier and regulating expression of immune and inflammatory factors. Meanwhile, probiotics have the characteristics of good tolerability and few adverse reactions, resulting in their commonness in the clinical application of IBD treatment. This article mainly introduces the research progress of probiotics in the treatment of IBD, including the classification, mechanism of action and clinical research.

Aiming at the test requirements of integrated electric drive axle for light commercial vehicle， the test bench of integrated electric drive axle for light commercial vehicle is designed. The test methods suit for integrated electronic drive axle are established refer to traditional drive axle and electric motor test methods. By using the developed test bench and established test method， the performance and fatigue tests of the integrated electric drive axle are finished. It provides test technology support for design and manufacture departments.

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As changes in the melting behavior of starch in the extruder affect the physical properties of the extrudate. exploring the melting behavior during starch extrusion is of great significant for the production of ideal thermoplastic starch-based materials. Effects of different extrusion temperatures (60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 ℃) on the structure and physicochemical properties of corn starch were investigated. The results showed that under high temperature and mechanical shear, the starch granules were fragmented and the granule size was reduced. The hydrogen bonds within starch molecules were broken, which made starch easier to bind with water molecules, to improve the hydration properties of thermoplastic starch (TPS). As the temperature increased, the content of amylose increased, and the relative crystallinity (RC) and double-helix order (DO) decreased, indicating that the long-range and short-range ordered structures of corn starch were destroyed during heating. The high temperature treatment of the extruder reduced the enthalpy of TPS and destroyed the ability of starch paste to form a gel network. The samples had a weak gelation behavior, and the rigidity and elasticity were weakened. In conclusion, the temperature of twin-screw extrusion changed the starch particle structure, crystalline structure, hydration and rheological properties to different degrees. This study has provided theoretical basis and new ideas for extruding high quality thermoplastic starch materials.

The lymphatic system is a unidirectional network in which lymph fluid flows centripetally along a series of lymphatic channels and eventually into the veins, so the lymphatic system can also be considered an auxiliary part of the venous system and an important part of the cardiovascular system. The lymphatic system, which regulates interstitial fluid balance, lipid absorption, and immune monitoring, and its imbalance can lead to a variety of diseases. The pulmonary lymphatic system plays a very important role in many lung diseases, involving maintaining fluid balance, antigen presentation, etc., in addition, it will affect the survival of the transplant after lung transplantation. This article focuses on pulmonary lymphatic vessels and their role in lung disease.

Objective To compare the efficacy of interventional closure versus drug therapy in treatment of patent foramen ovale (PFO) complicated with cryptogenic stroke (CS). Methods Clinical data of 167 patients with cerebral infarction or transient ischemic attack (TIA) complicated with PFO admitted in the Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from January 2015 to August 2019 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Among them, 80 (the surgery group) underwent PFO interventional closure and antithrombotic drug administration, and the other 87 (the drug group) only received drug therapy (oral antiplatelet aggregation or anticoagulant drugs). All the patients were followed up for an average of 31.6 (12~67) months. According to occurrence of endpoint events (recurrent cerebral infarction, recurrent TIA and death), the patients were divided into endpoint event group (n=24) and non-endpoint event group (n=143). Univariate analysis was used to compare the general data between the 2 groups of patients, and multivariate analysis was used to screen independent risk factors for the recurrence of the endpoint events. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was combined to evaluate the predictive values of obtained risk factors. Results The recurrence rate of the endpoint events was significantly lower in the surgery group than the drug group (Chi-square=10.959, P=0.001), and the patients with moderate and large shunts of PFO benefited more (Chi-square=10.26, P=0.001). Univariate analysis showed that the treatment method, follow-up time and history of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) had statistical significances in the occurrence of endpoint events (P < 0.05); Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients were drug therapy (OR=8.958, P=0.001, 95%CI: 2.475~32.422), follow-up time (OR=1.041, P=0.013, 95%CI: 1.009~1.075) and a history of OSA (OR=8.117, P=0.001, 95%CI: 2.247~29.324). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve was 0.813 (95%CI: 0.737 to 0.889, P < 0.001) for the model with drug therapy, follow-up time, and OSA history as variables. The area under the curve was 0.767 (95%CI: 0.677~0.856, P < 0.001) for the model with drug therapy and OSA history as variables, and 0.764 (95%CI: 0.674~0.853, P < 0.001) for the model with drug therapy and follow-up time as variables. Conclusion For patients with PFO complicated with CS, interventional closure can reduce the risk of recurrence of the end point events, and the patients with moderate or large number of shunts of PFO benefit more. Active OSA intervention have a certain preventive effect on the recurrence of the endpoint events.

In the case of preheating and non-preheating, the rapid prototyping system of high-power fiber laser and electromagnetic induction heating equipment was used to fabricate 12CrNi2 alloy steel. The microstructure of the molded parts was observed under a scanning electron microscope, and the hardness test of different parts was conducted using the Victorinox hardness tester. The tensile properties in different directions were tested using the universal material testing machine. This study investigated the effect of preheating on the microstructure, hardness, and tensile properties of laser melting deposited 12CrNi2 alloy steel in different directions. The obtained results show that the microstructure of the single-channel molten pool without preheating is lath martensite, and the molten pool of block-shaped forming parts is tempered martensite and bainite mixed structure. No obvious structural difference between XOZ and YOZ sections is observed. However, the overall hardness of the YOZ cross section is larger than that of the XOZ cross section. Large-scale macroscopic crack defects appear in both sections, and the mechanical properties are poor. Under preheating conditions, bainite transformation occurs in the molten pool because of the decrease in the temperature gradient. The single-channel molten pool shows an excellent bainite structure. No tempered martensite transformation in the molten pool of block-shaped forming parts, mainly granular bainite, is observed. Cross-sectional hardness distribution is more uniform with preheating than without preheating. High tensile strength and low plasticity are detected in the tensile and overlap directions. The tensile strength is up to 1189 MPa, the yield strength is 951 MPa, and the elongation is only 2.8%. No obvious anisotropy in performance is observed. Preheating can reduce the temperature gradient in the molten pool, reduce the thermal stress, effectively control the crack defects, promote the homogenization of the microstructure, reduce the anisotropy of the microstructure and properties, and improve the mechanical properties of the alloy steel forming parts.

The effects of adding different ratios of DRI （direct reduced iron） to Consteel EAF on smelting technical and economic indicators， molten steel cleanliness， and the ingredients of acr furnace final slag were studied by conducting experiments on all scrap steel and adding 10%， 20%， and 30% ratios of DRI. And based on the experimental results， the key points of smelting control such as adding metal materials， blowing oxygen and carbon， adding slag making auxiliary materials， and slag discharge were analyzed.The results show that as the proportion of DRI added increases， the consumption of electricity， steel material， slag making auxiliary material， and slag amount gradually increase. When the proportion of DRI addition is 30%， due to the large amount of slag， slag overflows from the furnace door in the middle and late smelting process； At the same time， the cleanliness of the molten steel significantly increases after adding DRI to the EAF， and the mass fraction of nitrogen， phosphorus， sulfur and residual elements at the end of EAF smelting is reduced. And as the proportion of DRI added increases， the rate of decrease in nitrogen mass fraction at the endpoint of the electric furnace decreases. In addition， with the increase of DRI addition ratio， the FeO mass fraction of final slag showed a decreasing trend. When DRI is added at a proprotion of 20%， the effect is better， the smelting cycle is lower， the increase in electricity consumption is not high compared to the total scrap steel furnace， and the nitrogen and residual element content is lower， meeting the requirements of most steel grades.

To investigate the protective effects of the novel nanomaterial whey protein isolated fibrils (WPIF) and typical antioxidants against oxidative stress in probiotics during ambient storage, spray-dried probiotic powders were prepared using whey protein isolate (WPI) or WPIF as wall material alone or in combination with different concentrations of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) or glutathione (GSH) in this study. The experimental results suggested that the viability of probiotics during ambient storage decreased in the following order: WPIF ≈ WPI > WPI + 0.5 mg/mL EGCG > WPI + 0.5 mg/mL GSH > WPI + 5.0 mg/mL EGCG > WPI + 5.0 mg/mL GSH. There was no significant difference in the probiotic survival between the WPI and WPIF groups, which may be because the high temperature during spray drying allowed the fibrils to break down and aggregate. Interestingly, EGCG and GSH concentration-dependently accelerated the death of probiotics during ambient storage, which might be related to the antimicrobial activity or the cytotoxicity of the oxidative products of EGCG and GSH.

The identification of accelerant about gasoline and other ignited liquids in arson has always been a difficult problem in the field of physical evidence identification. How to avoid “false positive” and “false negative” results is a key issue. To study the interference of diene rubber on gasoline identification from two aspects of “false positives” and “false negatives”, and to explore its degree when gasoline was mixed with diene rubber in different proportions, the combustion residues obtained from cis-polybutadiene rubber, isobutylene isoprene rubber and styrene butadiene rubber after loading different amounts of gasoline were compared using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that alkanes, alkenes/cycloalkanes, aromatic-alkylbenzenes, homologs of indenes and indanes, alkylnaphthalenes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were detected in the combustion residues of the three kinds of diene rubber samples before and after gasoline loading, which was consistent with gasoline in terms of the characteristic components categories and had strong interference with gasoline identification. After loading 0.05 mL and 0.1 mL gasoline respectively into 5 g rubber sample, there was no significant changes in the characteristic components of cycloalkanes/alkenes, alkylnaphthalenes, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the rubber combustion residues. The number and relative peak area ratio of characteristic peaks corresponding to aromatic-alkylbenzenes, homologs of indenes and indanes changed to different degrees, while the changes of alkylbenzenes were more representative. Loading gasoline or not had little effect on the ratio of the characteristic peaks of C2 benzene components in the combustion residues of cis-polybutadiene rubber. The ratio among three characteristic peaks of C2 benzene components in the combustion residues of isobutylene isoprene rubber and styrene butadiene rubber samples changed significantly when the gasoline loading amount reached 0.1 mL. This study can provide important references for the gasoline identification when there is a presence of diene rubber matrix in practical work.

Background Bariatric surgery is the effective treatment for obesity, however, the effect of surgery on patients' psychological status is still unclear. Objective To investigate the treatment effects of bariatric surgery on patients' psychological status one year after the surgery. Methods This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. This study selected 172 patients who underwent bariatric surgery in the department of general surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University during June 2019 to June 2020, and collected their clinical data. The indicators of the treatment effects of bariatric surgery include body composition indicators〔Weight, Body mass index (BMI) , Percentage of excess weight loss (EWL%) , Body muscle mass (BM) , Body fat mass (BF) , Visceral fat (VSF) , metabolism-related biochemical indexes〔Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) , Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) , Total protein (TP) , Albumin (ALB) 〕, preoperative comorbidities, relief of comorbidities after surgery, postoperative complications, postoperative complaints, surgery methods; Indicators of the postoperative psychological status include quality of life, perceived stress, general well-being and satisfaction degree of surgery. This study used the12-item Short Form Survey (SF-12) , Chinese version of the Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS) , General Well-being Schedule (GWS) , Questionnaire of Bariatric Surgery Patient' Satisfaction Survey to investigate the psychological status. This study used the Pearson correlation analysis and Spearman rank correlation analysis to explore the correlation between body composition indicators and metabolic-related biochemical indexes and postoperative psychological status, used the multivariate linear regression analysis to explore the factors that affect postoperative psychological status. Results One year after surgery, EWL% was (82.7±31.7) %, and BMI decreased by (10.3±4.3) kg/m2. 96 patients (55.8%) had metabolic-related comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, fatty liver before surgery, 48 patients (27.9%) achieved complete remission, 30 patients (17.4%) achieved partial remission, and 18 patients (10.5%) had no remission after surgery. Patients'weight, BMI, BM, BF, VSF, ALT, AST were lower than those before surgery, the TP and ALB were higher than those before surgery (P

Shaobei injection is a softening and shrinking agent, which is applied to treat axillary osmidrosis and rarely causes adverse reactions. Panniculitis is a skin disease that involves the subcutaneous fat layer. In this article, one case of panniculitis secondary to Shaobei injection was reported. The 37-year-old female patient developed left-sided subcutaneous nodules complicated with pain at 8 d after Shaobei injection. Subsequently, subcutaneous fat liquefaction and necrosis occurred, which were recovered after incision and drainage. Pathological examination of subcutaneous tissues of the lesions displayed degeneration and necrosis of fibrous adipose tissues. The patient was diagnosed with panniculitis. This case prompts that although Shaobei injection rarely yields adverse reactions, it might lead to panniculitis. For patients developing panniculitis post-Shaobei injection, incision and drainage should be performed to promptly eliminate the lesions.

The effects of transgenic Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac rice (Huahui 1) and its original parent (Minghui 63) the on the growth and development of indian meal moth during storage were studied. The results showed that,transgenic rice with Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac gene has a strong lethal effect on the youth larvae (1st to 3rd instars).Temperature has a significant effect on the development duration and speed of each stage of indian meal moth, and the development period was significantly prolonged after being fed with 2% transgenic brown rice meal. The nonlinear model of temperature-dependent developmental rate showed that the developmental threshold temperature of indian meal moth was 7.40 ℃ to 15.94 ℃, while those fed with 2% transgenic brown rice meal was 4.90 ℃ to 17.36 ℃. Our research can deepen the understanding of ecological safety of Bt transgenic rice in theory, and provide theoretical support for scientific development and utilization of Bt transgenic rice in practice.

Transgenic cry1Ab/cry1Ac rice (Huahui 1) is able to control the stored pest Plodia interpunctella.Our previous study confirmed that the enzymatic activities of three major antioxidases, including POD, CAT,and SOD, could be significantly changed after short-term stressed with these Bt containing rice. This study focused on the characteristics of rice during storage, the results showed that the Bt protein content in rice husk and brown rice was 5.534 μg/g and 1.003 μg/g respectively, and after 270 days at 25 ℃, the degradation rate was 67.3% and 27.7%, respectively. Moreover, the enzymatic activities of three antioxidases in P.interpunctella long-term fed with transgenic cry1Ab/cry1Ac rice powder would be addressed by enzymatic detection assays. Our data showed that the SOD activities could be significantly inhibited by the Bt containing rice after fed with Bt-rice powder for 12 days or 5 months, However, the enzymatic activities of POD and CAT significantly increase with the concentrations of Bt toxins. In addition, the change trend of protective enzyme activity in the Indian Meal Moth fed with transgenic rice flour for 5 months was consistent with that after 12 days of feeding. Our researches find that there are differences in the trend of increase and decrease of the three major protective enzymes after fed with Bt containing rice powder for a long time,which indicates that the expression mechanisms of the three protective enzymes might be different. Our results provide a theoretical basis for the study of toxicology and related resistance mechanism of transgenic Bt crops.

The Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac transgenic crops can effectively control pests. In the present study, the world-wide distribute pest, Indian meal moth Plodia interpunctella (Hübener), was taken as the research object. The genes closely related to Bt toxin protein were sequenced using a high-throughput sequencing to reveal the insecticidal mechanism of Bt transgenic rice. The results showed that the de novo assembly generated a total of 37,246 unigenes among of which 23,310 unigenes could be annotated after the transcriptome sequencing was performed on the non stressed population and Bt transgenic rice meal stressed population of Indian rice borer, respectively. Then, 34,466 significantly differentially expressed genes including 15,741 up-regulated genes and 18,725 down-regulated genes were determined by the Reads Per kb per Million reads (RPKM) method. Our database provides powerful tools for transcriptome analysis of P.interpunctella and further understanding of the molecular basis of Bt related mechanisms in P. interpunctella.

Enzymes are closely associated with the onset and progression of numerous diseases, making enzymes a primary target in innovative drug development. However, the challenge remains in identifying compounds that exhibit potent inhibitory effects on the target enzymes. With the continuous expansion of the total number of natural products and increasing difficulty in isolating and enriching new compounds, traditional high-throughput screening methods are finding it increasingly challenging to meet the demands of new drug development. Virtual screening, characterized by its high efficiency and low cost, has gradually become an indispensable technology in drug development. It represents a prominent example of the integration of artificial intelligence with biopharmaceuticals and is an inevitable trend in the rapid development of innovative drug screening in the future. Therefore, this article primarily focused on systematically reviewing the recent applications of virtual screening technology in the development of enzyme inhibitors and explored the prospects and advantages of using this technology in developing new drugs, aiming to provide essential theoretical insights and references for the application of related technologies in the field of new drug development.

As a typical semi-closed bay, Jiaozhou Bay, is remarkably affected by human activities. Biogenic elements transported into the oceans by the atmospheric deposition of anthropogenic particles can lead to profound impacts on the ecosystem of Jiaozhou Bay. In this paper, the researches of atmospheric dry and wet depositions in the Jiaozhou Bay were systematically summarized from the following three aspects: study methods, variation characteristics of the fluxes and their influencing factors and the ecological effects of atmospheric deposition. The concentrations and fluxes of nitrogen species in atmospheric dry and wet depositions were very high in the Jiaozhou Bay compared with other bays, estuaries and marginal seas around the world. The dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) was the main component of the total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) and the dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) accounted for 22%-31% of TDN. However, the concentrations and fluxes of phosphate and silicate species were very low. The atmospheric deposition fluxes of (NO 3 - -N+NO 2 - -N) were slightly higher than terrestrial inputs, while the fluxes of NH 4 + -N, PO 4 3- -P and SiO 3 2- -Si were very low compared with terrestrial inputs. The concentration of total suspended particulates (TSP) in the air, the intensity of the emission sources, precipitation amount and meteorological conditions are the major factors influencing the atmospheric depositions of biogenic elements, which can increase the primary productivity, change the structure of nutrients and the structure of phytoplankton communities in surface seawater and further promote the succession of phytoplankton dominant species from diatom to dinoflagellate in the Jiaozhou Bay. On that basis, the future research should be focused on constructing the monitoring network for atmospheric dry and wet depositions, accurately quantifying the deposition rates of aerosol particles of different forms and sizes, recognizing the ecological effects and biogeochemical mechanisms of atmospheric depositions of biogenic elements and discriminating the mechanisms, fluxes and influencing factors of atmospheric deposition biogenic elements via indirect approaches such as overland runoff, sheetflood and permeation etc. It is significant for illuminating the effects of anthropogenic activities on the coastal waters as well as understanding the bio-geochemical processes of biogenic elements in marginal seas by elucidating atmospheric depositions of biogenic elements in the Jiaozhou Bay.

The present article measured the absorption coefficient spectra and refractive index spectra of nitrofurantoin original drug, which is one kind of nitrofuran drugs, in the terahertz frequency range from 0.2 to 1.8 THz using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. The results showed that there exist a number of characteristic absorption peaks of nitrofurantoin with different intensity in the range and the absorption coefficient spectra can be used to identify nitrofurantoin. The article also simulated absorption coefficient spectra of nitrofurantoin molecule within 0.2 - 1.8 THz using density functional theory by Gaussian software, and vibrational modes of some peaks in the experimental absorption coefficient spectra were analyzed and identified. The results show that the experimental absorption peaks at 1.25 and 1.60 THz correspond with the theoretical peaks at 1.30 and 1.67 THz, and these experimental peaks were caused by intramolecular vibrational modes of nitrofurantoin.

Frequency-dependent absorption coefficient spectrum and refractive index spectrum of alpha endosulfan, a kind of persistent organic pollutants, are presented in the terahertz frequency region by terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy (TDS). The spectral features in the THz region have a number of unique characteristic absorption peaks. The result demonstrates that THz-TDS is a promising method to identify materials. Then we adopted density functional calculation method to analyze theoretic absorption coefficients of single alpha endosulfan molecule within 0.2-2 THz. The results show that absorption peaks at 1.68, 1.91 THz in theoretical calculation correspond to 1.7, 1.88 THz in the experiment. Finally, vibrational modes and approximate assignments were discussed, showing that these matched peaks are caused by intramolecular vibrational modes of alpha endosulfan. Others might be related to intermolecular vibrational modes or combined vibrational modes.

The terahertz spectra of Clenbuterol hydrochloride in the range of 0.2 to 2.6 THz were obtained by THz time-domain spectroscopy, the absorption and refraction spectra of Clenbuterol hydrochloride was got meanwhile. The structure and vibrational frequencies of Clenbuterol molecule, Clenbuterol hydrochloride molecule and Clenbuterol hydrochloride crystal in the THz range were simulated. Based on the difference between experimental and theoretical results, the origin of the vibrational frequencies was analyzed. This study demonstrated the feasibility of time-domain terahertz spectroscopy for the identification of Clenbuterol hydrochloride and provides a new way for the detection of Clenbuterol hydrochloride.

The optical properties of elaidic acid in the THz band were investigated by using THz time-domain spectroscopy (THZ-TDS). The absorption and refractive index spectra in the frequency range from 0.5 to 2.5 THz were obtained at room temperature under nitrogen atmosphere, and the results show that elaidic acid had some characteristic absorption peaks, and the average refractive index of the sample was 1.43. The structure and vibrational frequencies of elaidic acid molecule in the THz range were simulated by the B3LYP algorithm of density functional theory, and the THz characteristic absorption peaks of elaidic acid molecule were identified by using Gaussian View software. The results show that the experimental and theoretical results agree in general, and the observed absorption peaks in the THz range were mainly caused by the intramolecular and intermolecular vibrations jointly. At the same time, the fingerprint spectra of elaidic acid in the THz band verify that the time-domain terahertz spectroscopy can be used to detect oleic acid, and this study provides a new experimental method for the detection of trans fatty acids in food.

The terahertz spectra of Ractopamine hydrochloride in the range of 0.2 to 2.2 THz was obtained by THz time-domain spectroscopy, and the absorption and refraction spectra of Ractopamine hydrochloride was got meanwhile. The structure and vibrational frequencies of Ractopamine molecule in the THz range were simulated by density functional theory. The difference between experimental and theoretical results was analyzed. And assisted by Gaussian View 3.09, the origin of the vibrational frequencies was recognized. The results show that besides the intramolecular vibrations, THz absorption of Ractopamine hydrochloride originated from the intermolecular hydrogen bond network and Van der Waals force between molecules. This study demonstrated the feasibility of time-domain terahertz spectroscopy for the identification of Ractopamine hydrochloride and provided a new way for the detection of Ractopamine hydrochloride.

Genistein is a high specific and noncompetitive inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor tyramine kinase domain (EGFR-TK). In the paper, a molecular docking between genistein and EGFR-TK was studied to explore the mechanism of their interaction and antitumor mechanism of genistein by AUTODOCK 3.05 program. The results indicated that genistein located in the active cavity of EGFR-TK by high affinity (deltaG = -31.2 kJ/mol), and genistein inhibited EGFR-TK by interfering with forming of Lys721/Glu738 ion pair. The inhibition belonged to noncompetitive interaction, in which hydrophobic force and hydrogen bond played key roles.

Objective: To investigate the changes of the activity of both protein kinase A and C and the mechanisms of antipyretic action of Guizhi decoction., Method: The fever responses were observed after combination injection of H-89 (a selective inhibitor of PKA) and calphostin C (a selective inhibitor of PKC), and oral pretreatment of Guizhi decoction in fever rats induced by an intra-cerebroventricular (icv) injection of an EP3 agonist, and both PKA and PKC activity in hypothalamus were measured in rats pretreated with Guizhi decoction and vehicle using isotopic tracing assay., Result: The rise in rat body temperature was inhibited by H-89, Calphostin C, and Guizhi decoction, moreover, pretreatment with Guizhi decoction reduced PKA activity obviously. PKC activity in model rats exhibited a tendency to drop compared with that of control group, Oral administration of Guizhi decoction in large dose inhibited the response significantly, while the low dose of Guzhi decoction has no effect on PKC., Conclusion: Both PKA and PKC may participate in the mechanism of fever induction by EP3 agonist. The decrease of PKA and PKC may contribute to the antipyretic action of Guizhi decoction, some isoenzyme of PKC may play a role in the fever production.

Objective: To investigate the effect of Guizhi Tang and its active components on the fever induced by EP3 receptor agonist sulprostone in rats., Method: The rise in body temperature evoked by a LCV(lateral cerebroventricle)-injection of sulprostone was compared with that of sulprostone induced-fever rats pretreated with Guizgi Tang and its active compounds, cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid and total glucosides of paeony., Result: Pretreatments with Guizhi Tang and cinnamaldehyde inhibited the rise in body temperature induced by sulprostone, while cinnamic acid tended to augment the fever. The sulprostone-induced fever was blocked by an ip pretreatment of total glucosides of paeony even below the basement., Conclusion: Present data suggest that interruption with the down-stream events of EP3 receptor may contribute to the antipyretic action of Guizhi Tang, cinnamaldehyde and the total glucosides of paeony, while cinnamic acid may have no such effect.

Objective: To study the polymorphism of c-Ha-ras 3' variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) and its relationship with development of postmolar tumor., Methods: The cases of hydatidiform mole (HM) were retrospectively analyzed by amplified fragment length polymorphism-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The DNA origin of HM was determined by comparison with the parents' DNA amplified results., Results: Among the samples from 15 cases, DNA from only paternal origin was found in 2 cases. DNA from both parents was in 13 cases, and of these 13 cases, 2 were found to be had balanced DNA origin, 11 had more DNA form paternal origin than DNA from maternal origin., Conclusion: The HM which has DNA from both parents origin and predominantly from paternal origin developed to postmolar tumor more frequently.