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To build a maritime power, the implementation of the strategy of sustainable marine development and revitalization of islands is one of the major issues in China. Now, the advancement of China’s "The Belt and Road initiative" construction and the strategic deployment of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and Hainan Free Trade Port have brought great opportunities for the development of large-scale island regions. Zhoushan archipelago is the largest archipelago in China, located in the Yangtze River Estuary. It is the intersection of the national strategy for the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta and the international archipelago new area, which has great space for development and significance of exploration to construct a global marine center city. This paper was aiming at the national strategic positioning, discussing its existing problems, and putting forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the comprehensive development of Zhoushan Islands in combination with the successful development experience of foreign islands, based on the analysis of Zhoushan Islands' geographical location, resources and environment, ecosystem, cultural and historical status. And suggestions on the research direction of priority attention to marine ecological civilization, integrated development of watersheds with sea and land, and smart green port construction from the perspective of interdisciplinary were also put forward, so as to enrich the scientific and technical connotation of important windows and to provide reference for the implementation of the plan during the fourteenth five-year plan for Zhoushan Islands.