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Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR) is one of the important targets of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). In this study，a novel GIPR targeting probe 68Ga-DOTA-GIP(1-30)-F-02 was constructed through the module for automatic labeling. The labeling yield，radiochemical purity，and in vitro stability of this probe were investigated. The biodistribution in normal ICR mice and Micro-PET/CT imaging of PC12-hGIP tumor-bearing mouse models were studied. The results showed that the automatic method for 68Ga-DOTA-GIP(1-30)-F-02 preparation was simple and convenient with a good radiochemical yield of (65.32±1.57)%，high radiochemical purity (>99%)，and good in vitro stability. The results of biodistribution showed low uptakes of 68Ga-DOTA-GIP(1-30)-F-02 in normal tissues，mainly excreted through the renal urinary system. Micro-PET/CT imaging showed the uptake at the tumor site reached (6.51±1.03)%ID/g at 60 min post-injection which indicates good tumor imaging potentiality. The feasibility and specificity of the probe for GIPR-targeted imaging of neuroendocrine tumors were preliminarily demonstrated.

Intelligent control of the hole-seeking process of a rock drilling rig boom is crucial for enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of rock drilling operations. The inverse kinematics solution (IKS) is the core of achieving precise and rapid hole-seeking control of the boom. However, existing analytical and numerical techniques are inadequate in fulfilling the accuracy and time efficiency requirements for IKS in complex drilling boom scenarios. Conventional neural network (NN) approaches heavily depend on labeled data comprising target borehole sets derived from the activities of each joint and forward kinematics. The distribution of drill endpoints generated by this data cannot cover the entire workspace, resulting in the low reliability of the solution. To overcome these challenges, this study introduces an unsupervised learning-based NN method for IKS emphasizing safety constraints. This innovative method differs from traditional approaches in that it does not depend on labeled data. Instead, it utilizes the desired end position of the drilling boom as the network input. The network generates an eight-dimensional joint vector, and the actual drill end pose is derived through forward kinematics calculations on this vector. Then, the difference between the actual and desired drill end poses is used as the optimization objective, driving the network updates through gradient descent. The advantage of this method lies in eliminating the need for complex joint label data required in supervised learning IKS and using the differences in drill end poses directly as optimization objectives, which helps improve the accuracy of IKS. Meanwhile, a critical innovation of this study is integrating a safety collision penalty into the objective function of the solution, ensuring that the network’s output for joint positions adheres to specific environmental limitations. If the actual distance falls below the safety threshold, penalty terms are incorporated into the objective function, allowing for the adjustment of weights to maintain a balance between the precision demands of hole drilling and the design requirements of the safety constraints. This method improves the accuracy of IKS and significantly reduces its collision rate. Experimental results reveal that the mean hole-seeking error obtained using this unsupervised learning-based method achieves a mean hole-seeking error of 5–7 mm in IKS, a significant improvement of approximately 70.72% over supervised learning methods. Moreover, introducing safety constraints has successfully reduced the collision rate in IKS solutions by 90.28% without sacrificing the accuracy of the solutions.

In recent years, the Ordos Basin has undergone a reevaluation, transitioning from a perception of a single block to a focus on understanding the influence of multiple stages and fault systems on hydrocarbon accumulation. This study utilizes the latest 3D seismic and drilling data alongside a theoretical model of strike-slip fault to analyze fault geometry and kinematics in the Xunyi-Yijun area of the basin's southern region. The mechanisms of fault formation are predicted and the related impacts on the formation and accumulation of deep carbonate rocks are also discussed. The results indicate the presence of three fault systems in the Xunyi-Yijun area, with decoupling between deep and shallow layers. The Lower Paleozoic strike-slip faults exhibit distinct characteristics, including high vertical structure, dip swing, and a "flower-shaped" structure in the section. The faults display "compression shear in the northwest, tension shear in the center, and segmental deformation on trunk fractures" on their planes.Moreover, the Lower Paleozoic strike-slip faults experienced two stages of tectonic activities with greater intensity observed from the Late Ordovician to the Silurian, marking the primary period of fault development. The activity intensity during the Middle to Late Permian was relatively weaker, with faults exhibiting inherited strike-slip characteristics. These faults formed two groups, one with a NE strike and the other with a NW strike. Additionally, during the second stage of the Caledonian period, ocean subduction and closure lead to stress being transferred to the basin interior. It is believed that the NE and NW strike basement weak zones existed in the southern Ordos Basin. As a result, the Lower Paleozoic strike-slip fault system likely formed due to the activation of oblique compression. This fault system has the potential to enhance the physical properties of deep carbonate reservoirs and create high-quality karst or tectonic fracture reservoirs in the Xunyi-Yijun area. Moreover, The formation of the "upper source and lower reservoir-lateral source and lateral reservoir" combination along the strike-slip fault belt is an area of interest for deep oil and gas exploration in the Xunyi-Yijun region.

Objective To determine the rare ABO blood subgroups rapidly and ensure the blood transfusion safety of five patients by a series of serological tests and family investigation, as their preliminary serological results of ABO blood grouping was inconsistent. Methods ABO blood grouping, antibody screening and Coombs′ tests were performed by the routine serological methods, including manual tube and automatic blood group analyzer, which had matched micro-column gel cards from Diagnostic Grifols. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the 6 and 7 exons as well as their adjacent intron region of ABO gene. The patients and their relatives′ ABO blood group and subgroup were analyzed and identified through the comparison with serological phenotype database of ABO blood group. The products of PCR were sequenced directly, and the gene mutation was identified through the comparison with the Blood Group Antigen Gene Mutation Database. Results Whether micro-column gel cards or manual tube test, the forward and reverse tests of serological grouping were not supported by each other on the five patients′ ABO blood grouping. The forward tests of patients No.1~3 showed AwB phenotype and the reverse tests showed B group. No.4 patient was the forward ABw phenotype and the reverse A group, and No.5 patient was the forward normal AB phenotype and the reverse B group, respectively. All of 5 patients′ Rh C/D/E blood grouping showed clearly; the IDT test and antibody screening result of patient No.1 was positive, while the antibody screening result of patient No.4 was negative. Conclusion The blood group serological characterization of patient No.1~3 met B(A) blood group, and patient No.4~5 met CisAB blood group. These tests can make a preliminary diagnosis of blood group phenotype, which are verified correctly via blood group genotype.

In order to solve the difficulties and challenges in the implementation of the original blood distribution and collection regulations caused by the expansion of hospital area, the extension of blood transfer time, the changeability of blood transfer environment, and the strain of personnel due to the increase of workload, as well as to ensure the accuracy of the information throughout blood remote verification and distribution and the safety of clinical blood transfusion, , Shanghai experts related to clinical transfusion and blood management had made a systematic study on the applicable scope and management rules of remote verification of blood distribution and collection, and formulated this Expert Consensus combined with the development status of digital, intelligent and remote communication technologies, so as to provide corresponding guidance for clinical medical institutions in line with the changes in reality.

In order to solve the problems existing in airworthiness verification of the large integral metallic structure for civil aircraft main bearing part, the airworthiness verification of the metallic structure additive manufacturing technology was carried out. Through the analysis of applicable airworthiness clauses of additive manufacturing technology, the general idea of airworthiness verification of the metallic structure additive manufacturing technology of civil aircraft is given, including the establishment of material specification, the determination of material strength properties, the selection of structural special factor, and the verification of structural performance. Each verification method gives a specific implementation approach. Taking outer cylinder of the nose landing gear pillar which is made by additive manufacturing technology with A-100 ultrahigh strength steel as an example, a specific implementation plan for airworthiness verification of additive manufacturing technology for large integral metallic structure is given.

Objective To evaluate the 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) PET performance of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) without MRI abnormalities. Methods A total of 47 cases with FCD underwent standard anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) and hippocampectomy and were confirmed by postoperative pathological findings. Preoperative MRI showed no obvious abnormalities, and 18F-FDG PET were performed on all of them. Results There were 26 males and 21 females, aged 9-51 years (the mean age was 24.35 years). According to postoperative pathological examinations, there were 33 cases of FCD type Ⅰ (12 cases of type Ⅰa, 8 cases of type Ⅰb and 13 cases of type Ⅰc) and 14 cases of FCD type Ⅱ (10 cases of type Ⅱ a and 4 cases of type Ⅱ b). A total of 45 cases (95.74% ) showed reduced brain metabolism in PET examination, including 37 cases of focal temporal lobe hypometabolism (located in medial temporal lobe, temporal pole and hippocampus, etc.) and 8 cases of multifocal hypometabolism (extensive hypometabolism in anterior and posterior temporal lobe). Conclusions 18F-FDG PET imaging can be taken as an adjunct diagnostic tool in temporal lobe FCD without MRI abnormalities, so it has important referential value in clinical diagnosis. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2015.10.011

The article presents a study which analyzes fluid flow in pulsed laser welding pool of Hastelloy -276 alloy welded by the pulsed Nd: YAG laser. Methods used in the study include algorithm of Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure Linked Equations (SIMPLE), finite volume to solute the control equation, and Ma to analyze thew characteristics of convection in the welding pool. It suggests that the existence of Newton shear stress is associated to the intensive convention on the top molten pool surface.

Objective To explore the driving force of the oral astringency produced by the interaction of theaflavin (TF) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) to human salivary α-amylase(HSA). Methods The constants of the rate, equilibrium of reaction (ka, kd, KA, and KD) and Langmuir, Freundlich adsorption isotherm (KL, Kf, and Mm) were determined by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique and adsorption kinetics. Results Both of Langmuir and Freundlich models could be used for describing the binding processes of TF and EGCG onto HSA surfaces, and there were no significant differences of the correlation coefficient of determination between these two models (P > 0.05). The constants of adsorption isotherm, the rate and equilibrium constants of the association for TF were higher than those of EGCG (P < 0.05). The rate and equilibrium constants of the dissociation for TF were lower than those of EGCG (P < 0.05). The affinity of TF to HSA was higher than that of EGCG. Conclusion The sorely oral astringency is much easily produced by TF from the black tea rather than EGCG from the green tea. The driving force of the oral astringency is attributed to the hydrogen bonds of hydroxyl groups and hydrophobic interaction of galloyl groups in polyphenolic structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to simplify the mechanics and mathematical model of the vibrating screen rigid body plane motion, in this paper it is equivalent to vibrating screen motion by using the crank connecting rod, crank vector synthesis is equal to the centroid displacement of vibrating screen, angle between the connecting rod and its sliding axis is equal to the vibrating screen rotation angle around the mass center, the method is simple and intuitive, pointed out the crank length determine mass centroid amplitude, length of connecting rod determine the swing degree of the vibrating screen, and therefore got the size of eccentric mass and its installation location which was the design parameters. According to the vibrating screen rotation angular was zero, gave the sufficient and necessary conditions of vibrating screen that the vibrating screen was only to do translational motion. According to the velocity and acceleration of the vibrating screen instantaneous center, and the velocity and acceleration of the mass center, gave the calculating method of the velocity and acceleration of the arbitrary point on the vibrating screen, a simple method was proposed that was the basis of the vibrating screen design and material movement analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase(UGT) is a highly conserved protein in plants, which usually functions in secondary metabolic pathways. This study used the Hidden Markov Model(HMM) to screen out members of UGT gene family in the whole genome of Dendrobium officinale, and 44 UGT genes were identified. Bioinformatics was used to analyze the structure, phylogeny, and promoter region components of D. officinale genes. The results showed that UGT gene family could be divided into four subfamilies, and UGT gene structure was relatively conserved in each subfamily, with nine conserved domains. The upstream promoter region of UGT gene contained a variety of cis-acting elements related to plant hormones and environmental factors, indicating that UGT gene expression may be induced by plant hormones and external environmental factors. UGT gene expression in different tissues of D. officinale was compared, and UGT gene expression was found in all parts of D. officinale. It was speculated that UGT gene played an important role in many tissues of D. officinale. Through transcriptome analysis of D. officinale mycorrhizal symbiosis environment, low temperature stress, and phosphorus deficiency stress, this study found that only one gene was up-regulated in all three conditions. The results of this study can help understand the functions of UGT gene family in Orchidaceae plants and provide a basis for further study on the molecular regulation mechanism of polysaccharide metabolism pathway in D. officinale.

Objectives: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory Haemophilus influenzae (HI) infection in children in Suzhou, China and its association with climatic factors and air pollutants., Methods: The data on air pollutants and climatic factors in Suzhou from January 2016 to December 2019 were collected. Respiratory secretions were collected from 7 940 children with acute respiratory infection who were hospitalized during this period, and bacterial culture results were analyzed for the detection of HI. A stepwise regression analysis was used to investigate the association of HI detection rate with air pollutants (PM 2.5 , PM 10 , NO 2 , SO 2 , CO, and O 3 ) and climatic factors (monthly mean temperature, monthly mean humidity, monthly total rainfall, monthly total sunshine duration, and monthly mean wind speed)., Results: In 2016-2019, the 4-year overall detection rate of HI was 9.26% (735/7 940) among the children in Suzhou. The children aged <1 year and 1-<3 years had a significantly higher HI detection rate than those aged ≥3 years ( P <0.01). The detection rate of HI in spring was significantly higher than that in the other three seasons, and the detection rate of HI in autumn was significantly lower than that in the other three seasons ( P <0.001). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that PM 10 and monthly mean wind speed were independent risk factors for the detection rate of HI: the detection rate of HI was increased by 0.86% for every 10 µg/m 3 increase in the concentration of PM 10 and was increased by 5.64% for every 1 m/s increase in monthly mean wind speed. Air pollutants and climatic factors had a lag effect on the detection rate of HI., Conclusions: HI is an important pathogen for acute respiratory infection in children in Suzhou and is prevalent in spring. PM 10 and monthly mean wind speed are independent risk factors for the detection rate of HI.

Objective: To explore the effect and precautions of setting up a genetic clinic for hereditary colorectal cancers., Methods: To collect the information of the patients who received genetic screening and genetic counseling at our hospital from January 2016 to June 2018, and analyze the role of family history collection and follow-up management., Results: The detection rate of family history of tumors has increased by 13.6%. Follow up management was carried out in 156 families with hereditary colorectal cancer confirmed by detection of germline mutations. Five cases of early colorectal cancers and 12 cases of adenomatous polyps were detected and treated., Conclusion: To set up genetic clinic is helpful to standardize the management of high-risk population, and attention should be paid to the role of family history collection and follow-up management.

Objective: To investigate the percentage of T lymphocyte subsets and allergen screening results in infants and young children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection complicated by wheezing., Methods: Flow cytometry was used to measure the percentage of peripheral blood T cell subsets in 354 infants and young children with MP infection complicated by wheezing (MP wheezing group), 336 infants and young children with MP infection but without wheezing (MP non-wheezing group), and 277 children with recurrent wheezing (recurrent wheezing group). Allergen screening was also performed for these children., Results: Both the MP wheezing group and recurrent wheezing group had significantly lower percentages of CD3 + and CD3 + CD8 + lymphocytes than the MP non-wheezing group (p<0.05). The MP groups with or without wheezing had a significantly higher percentage of CD3 + CD4 + lymphocytes than the recurrent wheezing group (p<0.05). Both the MP wheezing group and recurrent wheezing group had significantly higher percentages of CD3 - CD19 + and CD19 + CD23 + lymphocytes than the MP non-wheezing group (p<0.05), and the recurrent wheezing group had the highest percentages (p<0.05). The overall positive rate of food allergens was significantly higher than that of inhaled allergens (30.3% vs 14.7%; p<0.05). The positive rates of food and inhaled allergens in the recurrent wheezing group and MP wheezing group were significantly higher than in the MP non-wheezing group (p<0.05), and the recurrent wheezing group had the highest rates., Conclusions: Imbalance of T lymphocyte subsets and allergic constitution play important roles in the pathogenesis of MP infection complicated by wheezing in infants and young children.

Objective: To investigate the detection rates, epidemical characteristics, and clinical features of human rhinovirus C (HRV-C) in hospitalized children with respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in Suzhou, China., Methods: A total of 1 702 hospitalized children with RTIs from January to December, 2014 were enrolled, and 1 702 nasopharyngeal aspirate samples were collected from all children. RT-PCR was used to measure HRV mRNA, and quantitative real-time PCR combined with high-resolution melting curve was used to measure HRV-C., Results: Of all children, 244 (14.34%) were detected to have HRV infection, among whom 69 (69/244, 28.3%) had HRV-C infection. The rate of mixed infection of HRV-C with other viruses and bacteria was 61% (42/69). HRV-C was detected in each month of the year, and the detection rate of HRV-C in autumn was significantly higher than that in spring, summer, and winter (P<0.05). The children aged 2-5 years had a significantly higher detection rate of HRV-C than those in the other age groups (P<0.05). Compared with HRV-A/B infection, HRV-C infection led to significantly higher proportions of patients with lobar pneumonia and acute exacerbation of asthma (P<0.05), as well as patients with increased neutrophil count and CRP level (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in sex distribution or other clinical manifestations (P>0.05)., Conclusions: HRV-C infection accounts for about 1/3 of HRV infection, with a high incidence rate in autumn. The rate of mixed infection of HRV-C with other viruses and bacteria is high, and children aged 2-5 years have the highest detection rate of HRV-C. Children with HRV-C infection have similar clinical manifestations as those with HRV-A/B infection.

To breed a new yam cultivar of Dioscorea alata, the different and excellent germplasm resources were investigated within artificially cultivated population and some superior individuals, with a higher yield and medicinal properties, were selected. Considering results of the yield and medicinal properties during 2006-2013 cropping season, strains and lines were established and selected. As a result, the yield of the new developed cultivar (Wenshanyao No. 1, WSY01-1) reached 2217. 0 kg per 667 m2 (fresh weight) and 348.3 kg per 667 m2 (dry weight), and increased 23.8% and 23.9% comparing with control cultivars (landraces). Comparing with control cultivars, the level of polysaccharide, allantoin, and dioscin increased 36.9%, 48.3%, 20.9%, and reached 12.2%, 1.30%, 579.7 µg · g(-1), respectively. This result showed that the systematic selection method can significantly improve yield and medicinal properties of D. alata, and the developed " Wenshanyao No. 1" exhibits wide spreading prospects.

In order to breed and spread a new cultivar of Curcuma wenyujin, the C. wenyujin germplasm resources were investigated in authentic regions. Better varieties were chosen by comparing the yield, economic characters and quality differences between different cultivars. The results showed that the character of new selected cultivar was stable, the yield of zedoary, turmeric and curcuma was reached 313.7, 177.9, 91.2 kg per 667 m2, respectively, it increased 11.6%, 10.2%, 14.2% comparing with farmer varieties. The volatile oil contents in zedoary and turmeric was 4.0%, 3.0%, respectively. The target ingredients (germacrone) content was stable. It is demonstrated that the new cultivar "Wenyujin No. 1" has value for extension at authentic regions.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of one-stage repair and reconstruction of multiple ligament injuries of the knee under arthroscopy., Methods: Between March 2007 and March 2009, 25 patients (25 knees) with multiple ligament injuries of the knee underwent one-stage repair and reconstruction under arthroscopy. Of 25 cases, 16 were male and 9 were female with an average age of 29.6 years (range, 18-43 years). The causes of injury were traffic accident injury in 20 cases, falling injury from height in 3 cases, and sport injury in 2 cases. The time between injury and surgery was 8-14 days (mean, 10.5 days). The preoperative Lysholm score was 37.92 ± 3.57. The X-ray film and MRI examinations showed that 17 patients had tears of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), and medial collateral ligament, and 8 patients had tears of ACL, PCL, and posterolateral corner (PLC); 5 cases had medial meniscus injury and 7 cases had lateral meniscus injury. The ACL, PCL, and PLC were reconstructed under arthroscopy with autologous tendon or allogeneic tendon, and the MCL was repaired. Early active and passive functional exercises were done postoperatively., Results: All the incisions healed by first intention, and there was no complications of infection and deep venous thrombosis. Twenty-five patients were followed up 24-78 months (mean, 50.9 months). Six patients had knee stiff postoperatively; after manipulation under anesthsia, 5 patients lost less than 15° of flexion and only 1 patient lost 26° of flexion. At last follow-up, the stability of the knee joint was significantly improved. There were significant differences in the anterior drawer test, posterior drawer test, Lachman test, and varus stress and valgus stress testing at 30° between at last follow-up and at preoperation (P < 0.05). The postoperative Lysholm score was 87.84 ± 4.85, which was significantly better than the preoperative score (t = 52.053, P = 0.000). The International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) rating was nearly normal in 16 cases (64%), abnormal in 8 cases (32%), and obviously abnormal in 1 case (4%)., Conclusion: One-stage repair and reconstruction of multiple ligament injuries of the knee under arthroscopy can effectively restore the function of the knee joint, and the effectiveness is reliable.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST) are known for their molecular alterations in KIT or PDGFR genes, and have become the paradigm of molecularly targeted therapies for solid tumors. Recent researches of genotype and phenotype demonstrate that molecular subtypes can predict the response to treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and are related with prognosis. Different strategies will be recommended according to different molecular subtypes of GIST in the future for treatment optimization and individualization.

Objective: To explore the clinicopathological characteristics, efficacy, and prognostic factors for patients with rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)., Methods: Clinicopathological and follow-up data of 61 patients with rectal GIST in our department from January 1990 to October 2012 were analyzed retrospectively and pathology specimens were reviewed. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the survival. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were performed to investigate the influencing factors of prognosis with Log-rank test and Cox regression model., Results: There were 42 male and 19 female patients with a median age of 59 years old. Eighteen cases(29.5%) were confirmed preoperatively as GIST by biopsy and 46 cases were diagnosed as GIST by first pathological examination. Fifteen cases(24.6%) were revised as GIST after re-examination of specimes among whom 14 cases had been diagnosed as leiomyoma or sarcoma, and 1 as neurolemmoma. Tumor location was above peritoneal reflection in 12 cases(19.7%) and below peritoneal reflection in 49(80.3%). Fifty-two patients underwent surgery, including 21 extended resections(lymph nodes clearance and combined organs resection simultaneously) and 31 local resections(tumor rejection or partial resection of rectal wall). Eleven patients received preoperative imatinib(400 mg/d). Forty-one cases received imatinib therapy after operation or biopsy diagnosis, including 25 cases who received palliative treatment for postoperative recurrence. Median follow-up time was 55(6 to 391) months and follow-up longer than 2 years was carried out in 46 patients. Overall survival rates of 1-, 2-, 3- , 5-year were 98%, 95.6%, 86.0% and 73.7% respectively. There were no significant differences between local resection group(96.4%, 92%, 83.3% and 77.3%) and extended resection group (100%, 94.7%, 89.50% and 82.6%)(χ(2)=0.004, P=0.947). Univariate analysis showed that survival was only associated with recurrence and metastasis (χ(2)=4.292, P=0.038). Multivariate Cox analysis showed postoperative survival was not associated with any factors(all P>0.05). The 3-year survival rate of patients with postoperative recurrence or metastasis receiving imatinib therapy was better as compared to those who did not received imatinib(82.7% vs. 71.4%)., Conclusions: Rectal GIST are more common in the lower rectum. Surgery is the main treatment for rectal GIST. Local complete resection is the mainstay treatment. Extensive resection and lymph node clearance may not improve survival. Imatinib can improve the prognosis of patients with recurrence or metastasis.

Objective: To evaluate the thickness and viscoelasticity of whole saliva (WS), parotid saliva (PS) and submandibular/sublingual gland saliva (SMSLS) film adsorption on the hydroxyapatite (HA) surface., Methods: Ultra-thin layer of HA nanocrystals was coated on the dissipation TiO(2) sensor of gold quartz crystal microbalance using electrophoretic deposition technique. The thickness of the HA layer was measured by the ellipsometer, and element analysis was conducted using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscope were used to observe its morphology. The in-situ adsorption thickness, the shear elastic modulus and the shear viscosity of salivary layers (WS, PS and SMSLS) on HA surfaces were investigated. The statistical data were analysed by an one-way ANOVA analysis followed by a SNK-q test., Results: The results show that the HA layer was a plate-like morphology with 1.53 ± 0.12 in Ca/P molar ratio, (19.1 ± 0.9) nm in the thickness and (6.5 ± 1.6) nm in the roughness. The thickness of salivary film was SMSLS [(21.84 ± 1.25) nm] > WS[(17.91 ± 1.35) nm] > PS [(14.30 ± 1.03 nm) (P < 0.05). The shear elastic modulus of salivary film was PS [(0.61 ± 0.01) MPa] > SMSLS [(0.31 ± 0.09) MPa] and WS [(0.25 ± 0.03) MPa] (P < 0.05). The trend of the shear viscosity was opposite to one of thickness., Conclusions: The characteristics of saliva adsorption on HA surface suggest that the thicker, softer and more hydrated properties for the SMSLS and WS films are likely to afford a stronger lubrication to protect oral surfaces from wear and dehydration. The viscoelasticity of the PS film is probably related to the retention covering the oral cavity.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of Yanshu injection (a compound Chinese traditional medicine from Sophora flauescens Ait) combined with concomitant radiochemotherapy in patients with stage III nasopharyngeal carcinoma., Methods: Sixty patients with stage III nasopharyngeal carcinoma were randomized into Yanshu group and control group (n = 30, each). Patients in the Yanshu group received Yanshu injection in addition to intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and concomitant chemotherapy, and those in the control group were treated with IMRT and concurrent chemotherapy., Results: The 1-year, 2-year, 3-year and 4-year overall survival rates were 100%, 93.3%, 86.7%, 80.0% for Yanshu group, and 96.7%, 90.0%, 83.3%, 76.7% for the control group, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.565). The 1-year, 2-year, 3-year and 4-year progression-free survival rates were 96.7%, 90.0%, 83.3%, 70.0% for Yanshu group, and 90.0%, 86.7%, 76.7%, 66.7% for control group, respectively, with no significant difference (P = 0.554). However, the reaction of mucosa of oral cavity, myelosuppression and thrombocytopenia in the Yanshu group were significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The quality of life of the patients in the Yanshu group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05)., Conclusions: Yanshu injection combined with radiochemotherapy in patients with stage III nasopharyngeal carcinoma show a good efficacy and can reduce the side effects of radiochemotherapy of nasopharygeal carcinoma, and improve the quality of life of the patients.

Objective: To explore the driving force of the oral astringency produced by the interaction of theaflavin (TF) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) to human salivary a-amylase(HSA)., Methods: The constants of the rate, equilibrium of reaction (k(a), k(d), K(A), and K(D)) and Langmuir, Freundlich adsorption isotherm (K(L), K(f), and Mm) were determined by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique and adsorption kinetics., Results: Both of Langmuir and Freundlich models could be used for describing the binding processes of TF and EGCG onto HSA surfaces, and there were no significant differences of the correlation coefficient of determination between these two models (P > 0.05). The constants of adsorption isotherm, the rate and equilibrium constants of the association for TF were higher than those of EGCG (P < 0.05). The rate and equilibrium constants of the dissociation for TF were lower than those of EGCG (P < 0.05). The affinity of TF to HSA was higher than that of EGCG., Conclusion: The sorely oral astringency is much easily produced by TF from the black tea rather than EGCG from the green tea. The driving force of the oral astringency is attributed to the hydrogen bonds of hydroxyl groups and hydrophobic interaction of galloyl groups in polyphenolic structures.

Objective: The aim of this study was to observed the influence of deposition time on chromatics during nitrogen-doped diamond like carbon coating (N-DLC) on pure titanium by multi impulse are plasma plating machine., Methods: Applying multi impulse are plasma plating machine to produce TiN coatings on pure titanium in nitrogen atmosphere, then filming with nitrogen-doped DLC on TiN in methane (10-80 min in every 5 min). The colors of N-DLC were evaluated in the CIE1976 L*a*b* uniform color scale and Mussell notation. The surface morphology of every specimen was analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)., Results: When changing the time of N-DLC coating deposition, N-DLC surface showed different color. Golden yellow was presented when deposition time was 30 min. SEM showed that crystallization was found in N-DLC coatings, the structure changed from stable to clutter by varying the deposition time., Conclusion: The chromatics of N-DLC coatings on pure titanium could get golden yellow when deposition time was 30 min, then the crystallized structure was stable.

Objective: To compare the osseointegration and corrosion of different kind of coatings on pure titanium., Methods: By plasma spraying technology, nitrogen silicon zirconium-hydroxylapatite (ZrSiN-HA) compound coating was prepared on the surface of pure titanium and the pure titanium was implanted with the mandible of the experimental animal. The superficial appearance of the compound coating was observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The ZrSiN-HA, nitrogen silicon zirconium (ZrSiN), hydroxylapatite (HA) and pure titanium were compared and examined. In the four groups, the bone binding force of coatings were detected, and the superficial appearance of the break regions were observed by the electronic multipurpose material testing aircraft. In the four groups, the anticorrosive of coatings were compared and examined on the electrochemistry corrosion testing system., Results: Experimental results indicated that the implant surface sprayed with the ZrSiN-HA was more compact than that sprayed with HA. The crystallization was obvious. Compared with the other coatings, the bone binding force of the ZrSiN-HA coating was the highest, and its anticorrosive performance was the strongest., Conclusion: The application of ZrSiN-HA coating is advantageous to the long-term retention of implant, and it has huge latent application value to dental dummy.

Objective: To measure the translucency parameter (TP), masking effect (ME), and contrast ratio (CR) of opal porcelain of Ceramco, Shofu, Noritake, and Vita, and to compare the correlations among the three transmission parameters, in order to provide reference for selecting opal porcelain correctly., Methods: The color of specimens was measured according to CIE L*a*b* under different background and reflectance mode with a Color-Eye 7000A spectrophotometer. The color difference, TP, and ME value were calculated. Within 400-750 nm spectra, the ratio of light reflectance was measured, and CR was also calculated. The data was compared by ANOVA and SNK-q test (alpha=0.05). The correlation and multiple linear regression between TP, CR, and ME were analyzed (alpha=0.05)., Results: There were statistical difference with different shade of the same brands (P<0.05). The correlations between ME and TP, TP and CR, ME and CR were existed (P<0.05). TP was correlated not only with ME but also with CR based on multiple regression analysis (P<0.05). The partial correlation coefficients were statistically significant (P<0.05). CR was the main devotion to translucency parameter on multiple regressions., Conclusion: It is recommended to select opal porcelains based on transmission parameters. CR value has an inner significance of opaque property of opal porcelain and can express opacity property of opal porcelain more appropriately than ME.

Objective: The aim of this investigation was to examine the changes of the color stability, surface microstructure and chemical constitution of light-curing composite resin after accelerated aging, and the relations between them., Methods: Four light-curing composite resin were aged in an accelerated aging instrument. The color was measured by CIE L*a*b* with a spectrophotometer after treatment for 24 h and 96 h. And the color differences were calculated. Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrometer were used to examine the microstructure and chemical composition of the specimens before and after accelerated aging. The color differences were analyzed statistically by repeated-measures two-way analysis of variance and t-test after aging for 24 h and 96 h. The level of significance was defined as alpha=0.05., Results: The materials demonstrated statistically significant differences in color after aging between the 24 h and 96 h (P<0.05). There were significant influences on the microstructure and the chemical composition after aging. The matrix appeared some concaves and pores, the filler particles exposed after aging. The energy of chemical bonds were weaken or broken under the aging, and the unsaturated polymer reacted again., Conclusion: The color differences of the composite resin increase with the aging time and irradiation dose. The hybrid filled composites have the best color stability.

Objective: To evaluate the matching of the shade between beverage and modifying porcelain shade guide according to Munsell color order system, thus to provide the reference basis for selecting modifying porcelain to mimic the stain of natural tooth by technician., Methods: The shade of Vita Akzent, Vita Interno, Shofu Vintage & Unibond and Noritake Super Porcelain EX-3 shade tabs as well as 15 kinds of beverage were measured according to Munsell color order system on Color-Eye 7000A spectrophotometer. The difference of the frequency of approximate hue, value, and chroma between shade tabs and beverage were compared by calculating the Fisher exact probabilities., Results: The frequency of approximate hue between 4 kinds of shade tabs and 15 kinds of bev-erage was significant different (P<0.05), while the frequency of approximate value, and chroma was not significant different (P>0.05)., Conclusion: Except the hue, the color distribution of 4 kinds of shade tabs was similar to that of 15 kinds of beverage. But the color of beverage also can be approximately matched by any kind of modifying porcelain by mixing porcelain powder of appropriate hue, value, and chroma.

The photosynthesis and fluorescence characteristics of five magnolia ornamental species naturally distributed in various subtropical areas were studied in Nanjing City in winter and spring. The results showed that the diurnal changes of net photosynthetic rate (P(n)) and water use efficiency (WUE) of test species in winter were different from those in spring. The diurnal integral values of P(n), apparent quantum yield (AQY) and carboxylation efficiency (CE) were lower in winter than in spring, and the F(o) was higher, while the F(v)/F(m) F(v)/F(o) phi PS II, F(v)'/F(m)', ETR, qP and NPQ were lower in winter than in spring. The differences among the five species were remarkable, among which, Parakmeria lotungensis and Michelia platypetala mainly distributed in middle-subtropical area had higher diurnal integral values of P(n), AQY, CE and LSP, but lower value of LCP than other species in winter and spring. Their F(v)/F(m), F(v)/F(o),phi PS II, F(v)'/F(m)', ETR, qP and NPQ were also higher, indicating that they had higher photosynthetic capacity and wider ecological ranges of light adaptability. Manglietia insignis and Michelia wilsonii mainly distributed in southern subtropical area had lower photosynthetic capacity, and their fluorescence parameters were also lower in winter. Grey correlation analysis showed the main factors affecting the P(n) of test magnolia species in winter were T(a) and PAR.

Objective: To study the prognostic predictor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)., Methods: The expressions of nm23-H1 and vessel endothelium growth factor (VEGF) protein were examined by immunohistochemistry S-P staining in 108 NPC tissues, the expression of nm23-H1 and VEGF protein in NPC tissues with clinical stage of NPC, radiosensitivity of tumor, survival rate of patients, relapse and metastasis of carcinoma were studied., Results: The positive rate of nm23-H1 and VEGF was 48.1% and 59.3% respectively. The clinical staging, metastatic potential of lymph nodes were correlated with low-level expression of nm23-H1 protein. The patients with negative nm23-H1 expression had worse prognosis than those with positive nm23-H1 expression. The clinical staging, metastatic potential and poor sensitivity of radiotherapy were correlated with high level expression of VEGF protein. The patients with positive VEGF expression had worse prognosis than those with negative VEGF expression. The expression of nm23-H1 protein was negatively correlated with the expression of VEGF protein (r = -0.577, P < 0.05)., Conclusions: The low level expression of nm23-H1 protein and the high level expression of VEGF protein may be associated with the development and poor prognosis of NPC.

Senile plaques are one of the major neuropathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aggregation of Amyloid beta-protein(A beta) in senile plaques is related to the pathogenesis of AD, so it is very important for the studies on the prevention of A beta deposition and on trying to disaggregate the senile plaques, aimed at treatment and prevention of the AD. In this report, the three-dimension structures of senile plaques are reconstructed by AVS software by using immunohistochemical method and MATLAB software. The diffuse plaques and classical plaques in hippocampus all have complicated porous structures; no core structures were present in diffuse plaques, and the deposition density of A beta in this kind of plaque diminishes from interior region to the microenvironment. The deposition density of A beta was highest in the central region of classical plaques, while was lowest in the region around central, and was intermediate in the extreme region of this kind of plaques. The method of reconstruction of three-dimension structure of senile plaques helps studying on dynamics of senile plaques, and it is also important for the studies on the pathogenesis of AD.