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Children are high-risk groups of burns, with unique physiological, psychological, and anatomical states, and the management of anxiety and pain for burn children are extremely challenging. Non-pharmacological interventions are very important for pain management in burn children, but are often inadequate for treating pain and anxiety, so pharmacological sedation and analgesia are necessary. This article reviewed the clinical treatment and research progress in this field in the past 10 years at home and abroad, including the pain assessment of burn children, monitoring in sedative and analgesic treatment, main therapeutic drugs and research progress, and some controversies in clinical practice. Besides, some suggestions have been put forward for clinical reference.