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Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety on once-daily (OD) insulin detemir (IDet) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who were treated with different types or combinations of oral anti-diabetic drugs (OADs)., Methods: The SOLVE™ study was a 24-week observational study on the initiation of IDet OD in T2DM patients with uncontrolled hyperglycemia on diet, exercise, and one or more OADs. Subjects were grouped based on the numbers of OADs taken before (>2-OAD, 2-OAD, and 1-OAD groups). Efficacy and safety endpoints were evaluated and compared in different groups., Results: This study includes 3 272 patients, among them 464 (14.2%) were treated with more than 2 OADs, 1511 (46.2%) with 2 OADs, and 1 218 (37.2%) with 1 OAD before the study. The mean glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was 8.4%, 8.3%, 8.4% at baseline, and 7.3%, 7.2%, 7.1% at the end of 24-week in each 3 groups (all P<0.001 vs. baseline values). The HbA1c reductions were not statistically significant different among groups. Body weight tended to decrease in patients from all groups, however, only that in the 2-OAD group reached statistically significance. No major hypoglycaemia events were reported. However, the overall minor hypoglycaemia rate in the 2-OAD group was higher at the end of the study than that at baseline (P<0.05). No differences in the rate of nocturnal minor hypoglycaemia were observed in all groups after IDet treatment., Conclusion: Initiation of IDet OD was effective and well-tolerated in Chinese patients with T2DM whose glycemia was poorly controlled on OADs irrespective of the number of OADs taken before. (registration number NCT00825643).

Objective: To investigate the influence of glycosylated hemoglobin Al c (HbA1c) standard value (2007 and 2010 Chinese Diabetes Prevention Guide) on glycemic control and treatment of type 2 diabetic patients in Chinese cities., Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in type 2 diabetes mellitus from outpatients in selected hospitals all over China in 2009 and 2012. Patients treated with oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs), insulin or OAD combined with insulin were enrolled. A questionnaire including general characters, therapy, complications and blood glucose was completed by trained surveyors., Results: A total of 30 853 patients were enrolled in 2009, and 48 232 patients in 2012. The distribution of HbAlc < 6.5%, 6.5% - <7.0%, 7.0% - <8.0%, 8.0% - <9.0%, 9.0% - <10.0% and > or = 10.0% was 20.35%, 12.59%, 35.50%, 18.94%, 6.46% and 6.16% in 2012; 14. 81%, 27.72%,14.55%, 6.55% and 8.36% in 2009, respectively. The top three OAD were biguanides, sulfonylureas and thiazolidine. The most common treatment options for combined therapy are metformin combined with sulfonylurea in both 2009 and 2012., Conclusions: There is an increase in the proportion of patients with good and general blood glucose control in 2012. With the generalization of Chinese Diabetes Prevention Guide, a steady tendency is presented in blood gluense control.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the polymorphism of site rs228648 in urotensin II gene and the genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in Han people., Methods: Genotyping was conducted to investigate the polymorphism of site rs228648 (G-A) in urotensin II gene among 166 unrelated type 2 diabetic subjects (case group 1), 87 probands from 87 families of type 2 diabetics (case group 2), and 121 non-diabetic normal controls (control group)., Results: 1) The frequency of "G" allele of site rs228648 was 62.3% and 75.3% in case group 1 and case group 2 respectively, significantly higher than that in the control group (50.4%, P = 0.004 and P < 0.001). 2) The frequency of G/G genotype of rs228648 was 35% and 53% in case group 1 and case group 2 respectively, significantly higher than that in the control group (24%, P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). The odds ratio was 1.86, P = 0.041 in the case group 1 and 4.03, P < 0.001 in the case control 2 after adjustment by sex, age and BMI., Conclusion: Urotensin II gene may contribute to the genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in Han population.