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In Germany, the efficiency of cultural diplomacy is ensured by the "separation of powers" approach: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, as the official lead agency for foreign policy, holds the decision-making power, while leaving the concrete implementation to cultural intermediaries. This paper aims to explore Germany's cultural diplomacy strategies in China by analyzing the content of the public account operated by one of its main institutions in China, the German Cultural Center Beijing - Goethe-Institute. It combines qualitative and quantitative research methods and integrates the disciplinary perspectives of linguistics and intercultural communication. Our findings suggest that the Germany's cultural diplomacy strategies are characterized by preference, pluralism, interaction and individualism. These findings can also provide an optimizing path for China's own cultural institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In L1 business English contexts and many intercultural contexts in which English is used a business lingua franca （BELF）, small talk is used strategically to manage crucial business relationships and thereby facilitate business collaborations. As business across language barriers has become a global norm, it is vital to understand how strategic small talk is used by BELF speakers for whom it is not an L1 convention, such as Japanese businesspeople, and how different ways of doing business small talk might be perceived. In this paper, common functions and features of strategic small talk as it is enacted in mainly L1 English contexts are examined and a descriptive framework is proposed consisting of five value-categories: egalitarianism, collaboration, convergence, engagement and individualism. A comparison of the attitudes and role play performances of Japanese BELF users with the framework reveals significant points of difference within four of the five value-categories. Consequences for BELF collaborations are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dandong, the largest border city in China, owns abundant Red Tourism resources. Based on the study of Red Tourism, the author analyzes current situations of Red Tourism markets in Dandong and its intercultural development needs from intercultural perspectives, and then puts forward corresponding suggestions on the construction of tour guides' discourse mode in contents, rhythm and expression of scenic areas. The aim is to improve intercultural service quality of Red Tourism in Dandong and then to push forward the international development process of Red Tourism in Dandong. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]