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Objective: The objective is to obtain the information of women in the period of prepregnancy and pregnancy infected by TORCH (Toxoplasma, Rabella Virus, Cytomegalovirus, and Herpes Simplex Virus) in Kunming for preventing fetus from infection by TORCH in uterus., Methods: The serum IgM and IgG specific for TORCH from 1307 women in the period of pre-pregnancy and pregnancy were measured with ELISA and The reagent is the product of virion/serion., Results: The serum IgM specific for TORCH were detected in 2.83% of 1307 pregnant women for Toxoplasma, 2.37% for Rebulla Virus, 0.46% for Cytomegalovirus, 2.45% for Herpes Simplex Virus. The total positive rate of serum IgM specific for TORCH was 1.45%. The serum IgG specific for TORCH were detected in 3.98% of 1307 pregnant women for Toxoplasma, 72.3% for Rebulla Virus, 97.78% for Cytomegalovirus, 80.34% for Herpes Simplex Virus. The total positive rate of serum IgG specific for TORCH was 63.60%. There was no significant difference among the women with different pregnant situation in terms of the serum IgM and IgG specific for TORCH., Conclusion: There are some of women in the period of pre-pregnancy and pregnancy with current infection by TORCH in Kunming. It is recommended to screen for infection by TORCH in women in the period of pre-pregnancy and pregnancy to prevent fetus from infection by TORCH in uterus.

Objective: To investigate the association between the alleles of human leukocyte antigens (HLA)-DRB1 and essential hypertension (EH) in the Hans living in Yunnan of China., Methods: The alleles of HLA-DRB1 were typed by polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP) technique in samples from 83 patients with essential hypertension and 91 healthy controls. All of the subjects, their grandparents and grand-grandparents are Hans living in Yunnan of China., Results: The frequency of DRB1*1501/2 in the EH patients (0.219) was significantly higher than that in the controls(0.060), chi quare=18.331, P<0.01. Relative risk (RR) was 4.46, and etiologic factor (EF) was 0.34. The frequency of DRB1*0901 significantly decreased in the group of patients with EH in comparison to the controls (0.081 versus 0.192) chi-square=8.704 P<0.05. RR was 0.41 and prevention factor(PF) was 0.19., Conclusion: HLA-DRB1*1501/2 is associated with the susceptibility to essential hypertension in the Yunnan Hans of China. DRB1*0901 may protect one from the disease.

To study the biological basis of selenium in resisting senescence through its effects on cellular telomerase activity and telomere length. In the experiments, the cell line of hepatocytes L-02 was divided into three groups supplemented with sodium selenite at final concentrations of 0, 0.5 and 2.5 micromol/L, respectively. Cellular telomerase activity was measured by telomeric repeat amplification protocol and enzymatic luminometric inorganic pyrophosphate detection assay. RT-PCR was used to semi-quantitatively detect human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene expression. The change of telomere length was assayed through flow cytometry and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Results showed that L-02 cells had low telomerase activity and hTERT gene expression level when cultured in the normal way. The cells grew well after 3-week-cultivation in the media supplemented with 0.5 or 2.5 micromol/L sodium selenite. Besides, sodium selenite significantly increased cellular telomerase activity and hTERT gene expression level. The telomere length of L-02 cells was also extended after 4-week-cultivation with sodium selenite. Thus, sodium selenite at nutritional doses could prolong the life span of hepatocytes L-02 through increasing telomerase activity and telomere length. This result provides a possible mechanism for explaining the anti-senescence function of selenium.

Objective: To study the efficacy and safety of Fuzheng Huayu Capsule (FZHY Capsule) against liver fibrosis with chronic hepatitis B., Methods: Multicentric, randomized, double blinded and paralleled control led trial was conducted on patients (aged between 18 and 65) with liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B Indexes observed: (1) hepatic histological changes and HBV markers were observed at 0 and 24th week during the treatment; serological indexes (HA, LN, P-III-P, IV-C) were determined and B ultrasound examination of spleen and liver was taken at 0, 12th, 24th week; liver function (during the period of follow-up, liver function and serological indexes for liver fibrosis were evaluated) were observed at 0, 6th, 12th, 18th, 24th week; (2) indexes for safety: blood and urine routine tests, renal function and ECG were examined., Results: (1) Enrollment and demographic data: There was no significant difference between the trial (110 cases) and control group (106 cases) in demographic feature, vital signs, course of illness, history for drug anaphylaxis, history of previous therapy, liver function, serological indexes for liver fibrosis, liver histological examination (99 cases for test group, 96 cases for control group), HBV markers, and renal function, etc. (2) Histological pathological examination: 93 cases of liver histological examination were taken, of these 50 cases for the trial group and 43 cases for control group which turned out to be at S mean value of 2.33 and 2.11 respectively pretreatment according to criteria for liver fibrosis staging. Post-treatment, the trial showed a significant decrease with S value of 1.80 compared to that of pretreatment; however, there was no significant improvement in control group before and after the treatment with S mean value of 2.14. There was significant difference in reversing rate (decrease at least 1 stage according to criteria for liver fibrosis staging) between the trial (52%) and control (23.3%) after liver biopsy. The trial had a rather good effect on improving inflammatory activity and was superior to control group with a marked decrease of mean value of inflammatory activity and score of inflammation (P<0.05). (3)Serological indexes for liver fibrosis: There was a significant decrease in HA, LN, P-III-P, IV-C content in test group after 12 and 24 weeks' treatment compared to that of pretreatment; the differences of HA, LN, P-III-P, IV-C between 12, 24 weeks' treatment and pretreatment were significantly greater than control group (P<0.01 or 0.05); the effectual was defined as 2 of 4 indexes lowered more than 30% of the baseline, according to this criteria, the trial was 72.7%, while control group 27.4% (P<0.01). (4)Liver function: Obvious improvement of serum Alb, ALT, AST, GGT was seen in 2 groups; compared with control group, marked improvement of GGT and Alb in the trial (P<0.05); the effective rate of serum ALT in the trial group was 72.7%, while control 59.4%. (5)No changes of significant difference between pre- and post-treatment in routine tests for blood and urine, renal function and ECG, etc. There was also no difference in the stable rate of ALT and serological indexes for liver fibrosis between the trial and control group 12 weeks after withdrawal (P<0.05)., Conclusion: Fuzheng Huayu Capsule has good effect on alleviating liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B without any adverse effect and is superior to Heluo Shugan Capsule. Fuzheng Huayu Capsule is a safe and effective medicine for the treatment of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B.

In order to solve the problems of feature extraction and calibration modelling in the area of quantitatively infrared spectra analysis, an input layer self-constructive neural network (ILSC-NN) is proposed. Before the NN training process, the training data is firstly analyzed and some prior knowledge about the problem is obtained. During the training process, the number of the input neurons is determined adaptively based on the prior knowledge. Meantime, the network parameters are also determined. This algorithm of the NN model helps to increase the efficiency of calibration modelling. The test experiment of quantitative analysis using simulated spectral data showed that this modelling method could not only achieve efficient wavelength selection, but also remarkably reduce the random and non-linear noises.

In the filed of wavelet denoising, an essential problem is how to determine the cutting threshold of wavelet coefficients that divides the coefficients corresponding to signal and noise respectively. The wavelet denoising method discussed here determines this threshold by using the maximal entropy principle (MEP) of information theory. From the basic principle of probability theory, it can be deduced that the detailed wavelet coefficients sequence of an arbitrary distributed random noise sequence satisfies a normal distribution. Based on this conclusion, an optimal threshold is determined using MEP. Such that the coefficients whose absolute values are less than the threshold satisfies a normal probabilistic distribution. This threshold is an optimal value that distinguishes the wavelet coefficients of signal and noise in view of statistics. The simulation analysis using spectral data and the comparison with other methods showed that this method provides a best improvement of signal-to-noise ratio, and its performance is least sensitive to the change of signal-to-noise ratio.

In order to extract the quantitative features of the rare pollution components from noisy atmospheric infrared spectra and thus create calibration models, a wavelength selection method based on statistic theory is proposed in this paper. In this method, an objective function is defined based on the estimation of spectral noise level at every wavelength position. Because the size of the wavelength subset is also included in the function, the model size will not become too big during the minimization of the error of the calibration model. To test the performance of this method, the wavelength subsets of measured spectra with background noises were selected and the calibration models were then created using neural network technique for three pollution gases, respectively. The test showed that the sizes of the selected wavelength subsets accorded with the calculated results. The subset sizes were less than 2% of the total wavelength points. Meantime, the spectral noises were also restrained markedly in the calibration model because of the wavelength selection. The experimental results proved the validity of the wavelength selection method.