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【Objective】Guizhou Province is an area for annual breeding of Spodoptera frugiperda. The use of molecular markers were used to identify the population biotypes of S. frugiperda in Guiyang, Guizhou, and its adaptability to Zea mays, Sorghum bicolor and Oryza sativa were studied, with a view to clarifying the biotype of S. frugiperda invading Guiyang and understanding the characteristics of its biotypes.【Method】A total of 32 S. frugiperda samples from three counties or cities in Guiyang, Guizhou were amplified, sequenced and analyzed for comparison by using CO Ⅰ and Tpi molecular marker methods, to determine the biotype of the population invading Guiyang, Guizhou. Additionally, the developmental duration, adult emergence rate and survival time of S. frugiperda larvae of various instars after feeding on three host plants (Zea mays, S. bicolor and O. sativa) were recorded to evaluate the adaptability of S. frugiperda to these three host plants.【Result】The results showed that among the 32 S. frugiperda samples, 93.75% belonged to the rice biotype while 6.25% belonged to the corn biotype based on the mitochondrial CO Ⅰ gene analysis. The sequence characteristics were highly consistent with the corresponding biotypes of S. frugiperda population. Meanwhile, the analysis of nuclear genome Tpi gene revealed that all samples showed the haplotype characteristics of the corn strain. The adaptability study indicated that the invasive S. frugiperda in Guiyang had the shortest larval period (13.22 d), longest adult survival time (16.42 d) and highest emergence rate (95.14 %) on Z. mays, followed by S. bicolor; while it had the longest larval period (16.59 d), shortest adult survival time (8.56 d) and lowest emergence rate (75.15 %) on O. sativa.【Conclusion】The biotypes of S. frugiperda invaded Guiyang, Guizhou Province were 93.75% rice type, 6.25% maize type using CO Ⅰ molecular marker, and 100% maize type using Tpi molecu lar marker. The life span of female S. frugiperda feeding on maize was significantly higher than those feeding on rice and S. bicolor. The results provide a basis for the prevention and control of S. frugiperda on S. bicolor.

【Objective】Guizhou Province is an area for annual breeding of Spodoptera frugiperda. The use of molecular markers were used to identify the population biotypes of S. frugiperda in Guiyang, Guizhou, and its adaptability to Zea mays, Sorghum bicolor and Oryza sativa were studied, with a view to clarifying the biotype of S. frugiperda invading Guiyang and understanding the characteristics of its biotypes.【Method】A total of 32 S. frugiperda samples from three counties or cities in Guiyang, Guizhou were amplified, sequenced and analyzed for comparison by using CO I and Tpi molecular marker methods, to determine the biotype of the population invading Guiyang, Guizhou. Additionally, the developmental duration, adult emergence rate and survival time of S. frugiperda larvae of various instars after feeding on three host plants (Zea mays, S. bicolor and O. sativa) were recorded to evaluate the adaptability of S. frugiperda to these three host plants.【Result】The results showed that among the 32 S. frugiperda samples, 93.75% belonged to the rice biotype while 6.25% belonged to the corn biotype based on the mitochondrial CO I gene analysis. The sequence characteristics were highly consistent with the corresponding biotypes of S. frugiperda population. Meanwhile, the analysis of nuclear genome Tpi gene revealed that all samples showed the haplotype characteristics of the corn strain. The adaptability study indicated that the invasive S. frugiperda in Guiyang had the shortest larval period (13.22 d), longest adult survival time (16.42 d) and highest emergence rate (95.14 %) on Z. mays, followed by S. bicolor; while it had the longest larval period (16.59 d), shortest adult survival time (8.56 d) and lowest emergence rate (75.15 %) on O. sativa.【Conclusion】The biotypes of S. frugiperda invaded Guiyang, Guizhou Province were 93.75% rice type, 6.25% maize type using CO I molecular marker, and 100% maize type using Tpi molecu lar marker. The life span of female S. frugiperda feeding on maize was significantly higher than those feeding on rice and S. bicolor. The results provide a basis for the prevention and control of S. frugiperda on S. bicolor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences is the property of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences is the property of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objectives] The study aims to clarify the potential distribution of Dendrolimus tabulaeformis in China to reduce the economic and ecological losses caused by the spread of the pest. [Mehtods] In this study, we used CLIMEX software, combined with the known geographical distribution and biological data of Dendrolimus tabulaeformi and Pinus tabulaeformis, to predict the global potential distribution of the pest and its host plant under historical climatic condition (1987-2016) and future climatic condition (2071-2100). Besides, we analyzed the impact of climate change on the climatic suitability of the pest and its host plant. We also identified the impacts of host plant on the climatic suitability of the pest. [Results] The results show that the pest had a suitable distribution area in all continents (except Antarctica) under historical and future climatic conditions. The marginal region was widely distributed, while the very favorable region was only distributed in some areas, such as the United States and China. Furthermore, the potential habitat of the pest tended to move northward, and the total suitable area increased in the future. The host plant only had slight impacts on the potential distribution of the pest. [Conclution] We clarified the impact of climate change on the potential distribution of D. tabulaeformi and provided a theoretical basis for the future monitoring and control of the pest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective] In order to select the appropriate host plant for Monochamus alternatus and to provide a scientific basis for mass indoorbreeding technology of Monochamus alternatus, the effects of different host plants on the longevity and reproduction of adults of Monochamus ulteruatus were studied. [Method] Under the natural conditions of the room, each of the three host plants(Pinus massoniana, Pinus elliottii and Cedrus deodara)was caged to feed twenty-four pairs of Monochamus alternatus Hope adults. The longevity of adults, preoviposition duration, oviposition scars per female and number of eggs laid per female were recorded. [Result] Three different host plants affected the female longevity, number of oviposition scars per female, number of eggs laid per female, rate of eggs hatching and number of progeny per female of Monochamus alternatus significantly, but did not significantly affected preoviposition duration and hatching duration of Monochamus alternatus. The female longevity was the longest(63.13 days), the number of oviposition scars per female was the most(150.17 scars)., the number of eggs laid per female was the highest(108.83 eggs), the rate of eggs hatching was the highest(87.36%), and the number of progeny per female was the most(95.05 larvae)on Pinus massoniana. [Conclusion] The mass indoor-breeding of Monochamus alternatus Hope adults on Pinus massoniana was beneficial to the reproduction of offspring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Southern Agriculture is the property of Journal of Southern Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Southern Agriculture is the property of Journal of Southern Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Southern Agriculture is the property of Journal of Southern Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Southern Agriculture is the property of Journal of Southern Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Southern Agriculture is the property of Journal of Southern Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective] The present experiment was conducted to investigate relation between population dynamics and effective factors of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hende 1) in Xingyi city, in order to understand the law of occurrence and development and provide scientific guidance for monitoring and controlling it. [Methods] using B. dorsalis as materials, they were trapped with special male pheromone (methyl eugenol) in mixed orchard of Xingyi, Guizhou province during 2012-2013. The population dynamics was monitored and its effects of host-plants and main meteorological factors were analyzed comprehensively. [Result] B. dorsalis occurred perennially in Xingyi city, and there was no difference between different years (F=0.013, P=0.911). The population quantity of B. dorsalis trapped was relatively lower during January-April, presented a tendency of straight climb in May, reached the peak (1816 in September 2013) during July-September, decreased in October, and remained stable at the end of the year. The software analysis showed that the temperature, rainfall and host plant had proven to be the main influences on the population dynamic of B. dorsalis. [Conclusion] The population dynamic of B. dorsalis is influenced by the host plants, temperature, rainfall and average vapor pressure, etc. While all influence factors are different in mode, strength, effect and main time, influence each other, and form comprehensive effects and basic mode of population dynamic of B. dorsalis (Hende1) in Xingyi city. The fastigium of population quantity is from July to September each year. Therefore, during this period, the population dynamic should be seriously concerned to take preventive measures based on damage situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective]The species and distribution of whitefly host on different plants in surrounding mulberry garden were studied to provide theoretical references for the basic research of mulberry whitefly biology and the comprehensive prevention and control technology. [Method]Seven whitefy populations hosted on Morus alba (SS), Mentha haplocalyx (BH), Luffa cylindrica(SG), Fructus Capsici (LJ), Cucumis sativus (HG), Sonchus oleraceus (QC) and Litsea monopetala (JSM) were collected in whitefly occurring season. The genomes of seven whitefly populations were extracted and the 679bp fragment of representative sequence together with domestic and foreign representative whitefly corresponding sequence were intercepted and analyzed by mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase gene fragment marking method. Finally, the whitefly hosts on different plants were identified. [Result ]The whitefly hosts on F. Capsici (LJ) , M. haplocalyx (BH) , L. cylindrica (SG) , S. oleraceus (QC) and Bemisia tabaci B were clustered into the same development branch because the genetic distance among them was less than 0.003, and the homology was greater than 97%. The whitefly host on C. sativus (HG) and L. monopetala (JSM) appeared population differentiation. JSM1, HG2 and Bemisia tabaci B were clustered into the same branch because the genetic distance among them was 0.002, and the homology was 98%. JSM2, HG1 and Trialeuodes vaporariorum were clustered into the same branch with the homology of 100%. M. alba whitefly existed as an independent branch because the genetic distance among mulberry whitefly and other whitefly varieties was from 0.234 to 1.372. [Conclusion]M. alba whitefly only harms mulberry trees. The whitefly populations hosts on F. Capsici, M. haplocalyx, L. cylindrica and S. oleraceus in mulberry garden surrounding are all Bemisia tabaci B. The whitefly hosts on C. sativus and L. monopetala are Bemisia tabaci B and Trialeuodes vaporariorum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to gain better understanding of the oviposition preference of Grapholitha molesta, we studied the ovipositional preference on different host fruit leaves, different parts of peach branches and different varieties of peach in simulated outdoor conditions. The adult ovipositional preference on the host fruit leaves was in descending order, i. e. peach > cherry > apple > plum > pear > crabapple > apricot, and 33.5% of eggs were laid on the peach leaves with the average number of egg on one peach leaf being 8.3. There were differences in egg distribution on both sides of the leaves in different hosts. The number of egg laid on the positive surface was more than on the reverse surface of apple and crabapple leaves, and vice versus for peach, plum, pear and apricot leaves, and 3.3 times more eggs were laid on the reverse surface of peach leaves than on the positive surface. The egg distribution had no significant difference on both sides of cherry leaves. The adult ovipositional preference on peach branches was in descending order of leaf > stipule > petiole > branch. The leaves were the major ovipositonal places with 88.7% of total eggs on. 72.5% of eggs were laid on the 10 leaves near the top unexpanded leaflets, and the maximum number was on the 3rd leaf accounting for 9.3%, while only 1.1% of eggs were laid on the peach leaves after 25th. The ovipositional preference on different peach fruits was in descending order of nectarine > flat peach > prunus persica. The density and characteristics of the hair on host fruits and leaves were the primary factors affecting the ovipositional preference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the industrial revolution, the huge consumption of fossil fuels and unduly destruction of natural habitats by human activities have led to the ever-increasing concentration of atmospheric CO2. To study the adaptation mechanisms of plant, herbivorous insect, and its natural enemy within agricultural ecosystems to the elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration is of significance in deciphering the damage pattern of agricultural pest occurrence and controlling the pest occurrence and in mitigating the CO2 emission from agricultural ecosystems. This paper reviewed the research progress on the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on the host plant, herbivorous insect, and its natural enemy in agro-ecosystem, with the focuses on the improvement of related research methods, the variation patterns of host plant primary and secondary metabolites induced by elevated atmospheric CO2, the effects of the elevated CO2 on the growth and development, population density, and behaviors of herbivorous insect, and the biology and predation and/ or parasitism rates of natural enemy. The future research frontiers in this research area were also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) is one of the most widely distributed and the most important mutualistic symbionts in terrestrial ecosystems, playing a significant role in enhancing plant resistance to stresses, remediating polluted environments, and maintaining ecosystem stabilization and sustainable productivity. The structural characteristics of AM are the main indicators determining the mycorrhizal formation in root system, and have close relations to the mycorrhizal functions. This paper summarized the structural characteristics of arbuscules, vesicles, mycelia and invasion points of AM, and analyzed the relationships between the Arum (A) type arbuscules, Paris (P) type arbuscules, vesicles, and external mycelia and their functions in improving plant nutrient acquisition and growth, enhancing plant resistance to drought, waterlogging, salinity, high temperature, diseases, heavy metals toxicity, and promoting toxic organic substances decomposition and polluted and degraded soil remediation. The factors affecting the AM structure and functions as well as the action mechanisms of mycorrhizal functions were also discussed. This review would provide a basis for the systemic study of AM structural characteristics and functional mechanisms and for evaluating and screening efficient AM fungal species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A comparative study was conducted on the life table parameters of Aphis gossypii reared on five host plant species at (25±1) ° in laboratory. There existed significant differences in the durations of various developmental stages, adult longevity, mean offspring number per day, net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase, mean generation time, and population doubling time for the A. gossypii populations reared on the host plants. For the aphids on Lagenaria siceraria var. turbinate, they needed the longest time (5. 84 days) to complete one generation, but for those on the other four plants, no significant differences were observed, with the time needed ranged from 5. 24 to 5. 45 days. The adult longevity was the longest (20. 04 days) on Cucumis sativus, but had no significant differences on the other four host plants, being from 14. 76 to 16. 03 days. The populations' survival curves on all test host plants were of Deevey I, i. e. , the death mainly occurred during late period. The survival rate on C. sativus was higher than those on the other four host plants. Based on the intrinsic rates of increase of A. gossypii, its host suitability was in the order of Cucumis melo var. saccharinus > Lagenaria siceraria var. turbinate > Cucurbita moschata var. melonaeformis > Cucumis sativus > Cucurbita pepo var. medullosa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of insecticide resistance in field populations of Bemisia tabaci from different regions of Fujian Province, China were monitored with adult leaf-dipping bioassay. Compared with bioassay data of 2005, all field populations tested in 2009 still had high levels of resistance to the lambda-cyhalothrin, fenpropathrin and chlorpyrifos, low levels of resistance to methomyl, and no resistance to abamectin. However, resistance to the neonicotinoids imidacloprid and thiamethoxam had increased from moderate levels (23 folds and 25 folds, respectively) in 2005 to high levels (103 folds and 228 folds, respectively) in 2009 in Zhangzhou population, and low levels (1. 53-3 folds and 1-7-5-5 folds, respectively) in 2005 to moderate levels (23-33 folds and 29-49 folds, respectively) in 2009 for other populations. The biotype of eight B. tabaci populations collected from different regions and hosts were determined according to the mitochondria cytochrome oxidase I (mtCO I ) sequence, and two different biotypes (B-biotype and indigenous whitefly) were detected. The samples collected from geographical regions and hosts showed a prevalence of the B-biotype, and indigenous whitefly (unknown biotype) existed only in croton of Zhangzhou. Host plants and temperature had limited effects on insecticide development in B. tabaci, while extensive and high frequent use of neonicotinoids could be the most important factors responsible for rapid development of insecticide resistance in field populations of B-biotype B. tabaci. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Codling moth (Cydia pomonella) is a worldwide pest of stone fruit trees, and an important quarantine target in China. Its occurrence, damage, and potential expansion in this country should be seriously concerned. Host plant volatiles, the species-specific attractants of C. pomonella, have attracted extensive attention. This paper reviewed the researches on the interactions between host plant source volatiles and C. pomonella, with the focus on the effects of the volatiles on the behaviors of C. pomonella, e.g., host orientation, courting and mating, and spawning, etc., the changes of the volatile components released by the host plants after fed by C. pomonella larvae, and the impacts of the volatiles on the sex pheromone of C. pomonella. The research progress and field application of plant source pear ester were also introduced, aimed to provide a reference for the prevention and control of C. pomonella in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the observation of free diffusion in petri dish and biology, the selection behavior and biological parameters of Bemisia tabaci Gennadius biotype B on host plants cucumber, eggplant, pepper, cotton, and sweet potato were investigated. No difference was observed in the individual number of B. tabaci on the five host plant leaves during the early period of free diffusion (within 2 h), but changes were found within the following periods (4-48 h), i.e., the B. tabaci individuals increased on cucumber, decreased on pepper, and were relatively stable on eggplant, cotton, and sweet potato, which indicated that there were significant differences in the selectivity of B. tabaci on the five host plants, with the highest selectivity to cucumber and the lowest selectivity to pepper. Pretreatment by starvation and imidacloprid did not affect the selectivity of B. tabaci. There were significant differences on the honeydew excretion of female B. tabaci adults on the host plants, which was in the order of cucumber > sweet potato > cotton > eggplant > pepper. The average longevity of B. tabaci adults on cucumber, eggplant, sweet potato, and cotton was significantly longer than that on pepper, and the total number of eggs laid per female on cucumber, eggplant, sweet potato, and cotton (224.33, 182.33, 191.73, and 172.60 respectively) was significantly larger than that on pepper (only 47.83). No significant differences were observed in the hatching rate and development period of the eggs on the five host plants. The development period of nymphs on cucumber, eggplant, sweet potato, and cotton was 10.60 d, 11.96 d, 11.11 d, and 13.20 d, and the mortality was 5.21%, 27.78%, 17.24%, and 37.11%, respectively. The nymphs failed to develop normally on pepper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mycorrhizae, formed through the colonization of soil mycorrhizal fungi into the roots of host plants, are common symbiosis in the terrestrial ecosystems. The establishment of mycorrhizae is mainly based on the bidirectional nutrient exchanges between the symbiotic partners. Mycorrhizal fungi can absorb mineral nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, from soil and transport them to the host plants for their growth. As an exchange, host plants supply mycorrhizal fungi with the carbohydrates in the form of lipids or sugars, which are essential for fungal growth. In recent years, the mechanism of nutrient exchange between the mycorrhizal fungi and host plants has been a hot research topic. Important progresses have been achieved in mechanisms of host plants nutrient uptake and transport mediated by the mycorrhizal fungi. In this review, recent advances in nutrient exchange between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, ectomycorrhizal fungi and host plants were summarized, especially in the absorption and bidirectional transfer mechanisms of important nutrients, such as carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. The potential regulatory effects of nutrient exchange in the mycorrhizal development were also reviewed. In addition, key problems and prospects of related researches were analyzed. This paper would be meaningful for the establishment of mycorrhizal model and the optimization of mycorrhizal effects.