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Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) is a type of gene closely related to human tumors. And it’s an important medical index to access the tumor development, prognosis and the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy. RAS mutations, in which KRAS mutations account for up to 85%, are the most common oncogenic driving mutations in human tumors. The most frequent KRAS mutation sites are codons 12, 13, 61 and 146. Codon G12, as the most frequently mutated one, can be divided into multiple subtypes, with G12D mutation being the most common, followed by G12V, G12C, etc. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the tumors with the highest frequency of KRAS mutations. Both G12D and G12V are the most common mutation subtypes in CRC. In the field of treatments for CRC with KRAS mutations, targeted therapy had not been possible until the release of KRASG12C inhibitors in 2013, and new drugs have been developed one after another since then. This study summarized the mutations of KRAS and the advances in clinical research, including the latest advances in targeted drugs, chemotherapy drugs, immunotherapy drugs, ferroptosis, and other treatment methods. Among them, in terms of targeted drugs, this review explored KRASG12C inhibitors (sotorasib, adagrasib, D-1553, IBI351, etc.), anti-angiogenic drugs (monoclonal antibodies such as bevacizumab, remdesizumab, etc), small molecule multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as sunitinib, etc. In terms of immunotherapy drugs, there have also been many advances, such as the ARETHUSA clinical trial, which found that temozolomide reduced the tumor mutational burden (TMB) of O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) deficiency and RAS mutation in patients with advanced metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), providing innovative ideas for patient immunotherapy. For example, the combination of xindilimab with bevacizumab, oxaliplatin, and capecitabine can be used for first-line treatment of RAS mutations, microsatellite stability (MSS), and unresectable mCRC. Relevant studies have shown that the combination therapy has good therapeutic potential and controllable tolerability safety. This review explored the mechanisms of KRAS mutations and the latest advances in clinical research and treatment, in order to provide reference for the treatment of KRAS mutated colorectal cancer.

Background and Purpose: The early prediction of local tumor progression-free survival (LTPFS) after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for colorectal cancer (CRC) lung metastases has significant clinical importance. The application of radiomics in the prediction of tumor prognosis has been explored. This study aimed to construct a radiomics-based nomogram for predicting LTPFS after RFA in CRC patients with lung metastases. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 172 CRC patients with 401 lung metastases admitted to Department of Interventional Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center from August 2016 to January 2019. This study was reviewed by the medical ethics committee of Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (ethics number: 2402291-24). After augmentation of pre-ablation and immediate post-ablation computed tomography (CT) images, the target metastases and ablation regions were segmented manually to extract the radiomic features. Maximum relevance and minimum redundancy algorithm (MRMRA) and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression models were applied for feature selection. The clinical model, the radiomics model, and the fusion model were constructed based on the selected radiomic features and clinical variables screened by the multivariate analysis. The Harrell concordance index (C-index) and area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUC) were calculated to evaluate the prediction performance. Finally, the corresponding nomogram of the best model was drawn. Results: Among all the lung metastases, 102 (25.4%) had final recurrence, and 299 (74.6%) had complete response (CR). The median follow-up time was 21 months (95% CI: 19.466-22.534), and the LTPFS rates at 1, 2, and 3 years after RFA were 76.5% (95% CI: 72.0-80.4), 72.1% (95% CI: 66.6-76.9) and 69.9% (95% CI: 64.0-75.1). In both the training and test dataset, the fusion model based on the final 12 radiomic features through the LASSO regression and 4 clinical variables screened by multivariate analysis achieved the highest AUC values for LTPFS, with C-index values of 0.890 (95% CI: 0.854-0.927) and 0.843 (95% CI: 0.768-0.916), respectively. Conclusion: The fusion model based on radiomic features and clinical variables is feasible for predicting LTPFS after RFA of CRC patients with lung metastases, whose performance is superior to the single radiomic and clinical model. At the same time, the nomogram of the fusion model can intuitively predict the prognosis of CRC patients with lung metastases after RFA, thus assisting clinicians in developing individualized follow-up review plans for patients and adjusting treatment strategies flexibly.

In recent years, the incidence and mortality rates of cancer have been rising steadily, with drug resistance becoming a major challenge in cancer treatment. Traditional monolithic treatment approaches have proven ineffective in addressing the heterogeneity of tumor cells and their multiple resistance mechanisms, leading to suboptimal therapeutic outcomes. Drug combination therapy, as a critical strategy, aims to enhance efficacy and delay the development of drug resistance through the synergistic action of multiple drugs. However, conventional methods for screening drug combinations are time-consuming and costly. With the accumulation of data and advances in computational methods, artificial intelligence, particularly deep learning, has demonstrated great potential in predicting synergistic drug combinations for cancer treatment. Artificial intelligence technologies allow researchers to efficiently predict whether drug combinations exhibit synergistic effects, reducing experimental costs and identifying novel potential synergistic combinations. Nevertheless, artificial intelligence models still face challenges such as poor interpretability, insufficient feature integration, and a lack of labeled data. This paper provided a comprehensive review of the advancements in artificial intelligence applications for predicting synergistic drug combinations in cancer therapy. First, it discussed the mechanisms of drug resistance and the challenges of combination therapy, highlighting the limitations of traditional drug combination screening methods. Then, it presented the advantages and disadvantages of various deep learning models used for predicting synergistic drug combinations, including feedforward neural networks, graph neural networks, autoencoders, visible neural networks, Transformer and their extended models. In response to the common issues in current deep learning models, this review proposed several solutions, such as leveraging multimodal data to enhance model generalization, employing transfer learning and multitask learning to address data scarcity, and designing more interpretable models to facilitate clinical application. In the future, the field of synergistic drug combination prediction is expected to benefit from the development of standardized synergy metrics, improvements in model interpretability, integration of multimodal data, and effective handling of data limitations, further advancing the transition of models from laboratory research to clinical practice, ultimately providing more effective solutions for cancer treatment.

Indica and Japonica rice were selected as test materials to investigate the difference formation in textural perception, particle size, water content, leakage solid content and reducing sugar content of rice bolus during chewing process were analyzed by using in vivo oral masticatory properties as a reference and setting salivary addition amounts, chewing times in vitro. The results showed that the three types of rice were similar in composition, but their gelatinization characteristics and crystalline structures were different. Monitoring the dynamic textural perception of rice, it was found that the force worked on rice decreased from 44~66 N to 20~21 N, Daohuaxiang No.2 rice had a higher chewiness and adhesiveness, while Yexiangyoulisi rice had a lower adhesiveness and loose texture perception during in vitro chewing. Through analyzing the characteristics of rice bolus in simulated chewing process, results indicated that the moisture content of rice bolus of Yexiangyoulisi rice increased by 1.84%, significantly higher than the other Japonica rice (P

Objective To analyze the complications occurring during the induction, maintenance, and recovery phases of anesthesia and the perioperative period in neonates and infants undergoing emergency gastrointestinal surgery. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 196 neonates and infants who underwent surgery for acute abdomen at our hospital. These patients were divided into neonatal group (group N, age ≤30 days, 115 cases) and infant group (group I, age 30 days to 6 months, 81 cases). Data on general information, disease distribution, and intraoperative and postoperative complications were collected for both groups. Results There were significant differences between the two groups in body mass (t =-8.517,P

Objective To compare the detective and diagnostic ability of full field digital mammography (FFDM) alone and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) combined with FFDM (FFDM+DBT) in different types of lesions. Method A total of 389 patients who underwent preoperative mammography in Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from November 2021 to June 2022 were prospectively included in this study. FFDM images and DBT images were obtained from each patient in the Combo mode. All images were interpreted by senior radiologists, who have been involved in breast imaging diagnosis for more than 10 years. Using the pathological results as the gold standard, the consistency between the imaging evaluation and the gold standard was analyzed to evaluate the differences in diagnostic efficacy between FFDM and DBT (FFDM+DBT), and the differences in diagnostic efficacy in different types of lesions. Indice of diagnostic efficacy includes sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), area under curve (AUC) receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) for diagnosing breast cancer and overall diagnostic ability between FFDM and FFDM+DBT were compared. Results The overall diagnostic capability of FFDM+DBT was significantly improved compared with FFDM alone (P

Although the Store instruction backtracking strategy adopted by BOOM processors solves the problem of data conflicts caused by out-of-order execution of memory access instructions, this strategy can lead to a large amount of pipeline flushing and reduce the processor performance. To address this, a correlation prediction method for memory access instructions is proposed. This method cancels the query operation before the Load instruction accesses memory and adds a Load instruction correlation prediction table. Only Load instructions that are predicted to be uncorrelated can be executed in disorder. This method avoids a large amount of pipeline flushing while ensuring the correctness of program logic. The test program uses 7 subroutines under SPEC CPU 2006, and the experimental results show that the improved processor's execution performance is improved by 3.5% on average. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The correlation between strain rates and the mechanical properties of HTPB propellant with 90% solid content (mass fraction) was investigated by uniaxial tensile tests at different tensile rates, and the tensile fracture surface was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effects of strain rate on the mechanical properties and failure mechanisms of the propellant were analyzed. The results show that the stress--strain curve of the propellant appears an arc segment phenomenon at low tensile rates. With the increase of tensile rates, the stress--strain curves of propellant gradually changes from 5 segment to 4 segment. The initial modulus and the maximum tensile strength of the propellant show an increasing trend with an increase in the tensile rates. The maximum elongation of the propellant decreases with an increase in the strain rate, and the maximum elongation of propellant is only 33.9% when the strain rate is 1 190.48 X 10 4s 1 . With the increase of strain rate, the failure mechanism of propellant gradually changes from particle dehumidification to matrix tearing, without particle fragmentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in twin preterm infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks, and to provide a basis for early identification of BPD in twin preterm infants in clinical practice. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the twin preterm infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks who were admitted to 22 hospitals nationwide from January 2018 to December 2020. According to their conditions, they were divided into group A (both twins had BPD), group B (only one twin had BPD), and group C (neither twin had BPD). The risk factors for BPD in twin preterm infants were analyzed. Further analysis was conducted on group B to investigate the postnatal risk factors for BPD within twins. Results A total of 904 pairs of twins with a gestational age of <34 weeks were included in this study. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with group C, birth weight discordance of >25% between the twins was an independent risk factor for BPD in one of the twins (OR=3.370, 95%CI: 1.500-7.568, P<0.05), and high gestational age at birth was a protective factor against BPD (P<0.05). The conditional logistic regression analysis of group B showed that small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth was an independent risk factor for BPD in individual twins (OR=5.017, 95%CI: 1.040-24.190, P<0.05). Conclusions The development of BPD in twin preterm infants is associated with gestational age, birth weight discordance between the twins, and SGA birth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the prenatal diagnosis and perinatal outcomes between anterior placenta accreta and non-anterior placenta. Methods A retrospective analysis was done for 560 pregnant women who were diagnosed with placenta accreta and delivered in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University .According to the location of the placenta, the group was dividing into anterior placenta accreta group (319 cases) and non-anterior placenta accreta group (241 cases). The general characteristics, maternal and infant outcomes of the two groups were analyzed. The non-anterior placenta accrete group (241 cases) then were dividing into two groups according to the time of clear diagnosis. Those who were firstly diagnosed with placenta accrete during or after the operation was the intrapartum diagnosis group (missed diagnosis) (70 cases), and those who were diagnosed with clear placenta accreta before the delivery was prenatal diagnosis group (171 cases). The general characteristics, maternal and infant outcomes of the two groups were also analyzed. Results There were statistically significant differences in the parity, history of cesarean section, delivery mode, degree of placenta accreta, missed diagnosis rate, neonatal birth weight, and hysterectomy rate between the non-anterior placenta accrete group and the anterior placenta accreta group. In the case of prenatal diagnosis of different degrees of placenta accreta, the prenatal diagnosis rate of placental adhesion in the non-anterior placenta accreta group was lower than that of the anterior placenta accreta group, which was statistically significant. In the non-anterior placenta accrete group, there were statistically significant differences in the age, cesarean section history, placenta previa status, mode of delivery, degree of implantation, 24-hour bleeding volume, blood transfusions, NICU transfer rate, uterine loss rate between the intrapartum diagnosis group (missed diagnosis) and the prenatal diagnosis group. Conclusions The high-risk factors of patients with non-anterior placenta accreta are different from those of patients with anterior placenta accreta. Multiple births and a history of cesarean section are high-risk factors for anterior placenta accreta patients. Non-anterior placenta accreta are more likely to be missed diagnosed, especially the placental adhesion. For pregnant women with non-anterior placenta accreta missed diagnosis, there is a high rate of adverse birth outcomes, especially in the rate of neonatal transfer to the NICU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The chemical composition, relative content and antioxidant activity of Valerian officinalis essential oils extracted by different methods were compared to provide references for quality control and in-depth utilization of Valerian officinalis essential oil. [Method] Valerian officinalis essential oils was extracted from roots by steam distillation, supercritical CO2 extraction and subcritical butane extraction methods. The chemical composition of Valerian officinalis essential oils was analyzed by GC-MS, and the antioxidant activity was evaluated based on their ability of scavenging DPPH, OH and ABTS free radicals. [Result] The chemical composition and relative content of Valerian officinalis essential oils extracted by three methods varied significantly. A total of 87 compounds, mainly alkenes, alcohols, esters and aldehydes, were identified in Valerian officinalis essential oils. The Valerian officinalis essential oil extracted by steam distillation (SD) had 52 identified compounds, including 31 alkene compounds (relative content 46. 34%), 10 alcohol compounds (relative content 12. 23%) and 4 ester compounds (relative content 30. 55%) . The Valerian officinalis essential oil extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction (SFE) had 79 identified compounds, including 29 alkene compounds (relative content 30. 81%), 17 alcohol compounds (relative content 13. 38%), 13 ester compounds (relative content 35. 59%) and 11 aldehyde compounds (relative content 7. 88%) . The Valerian officinalis essential oil extracted by subcritical butane extraction (SBE) had 57 identified compounds, including 27 alkene compounds (relative content 27. 90%), 9 alcohol compounds (relative content 16. 20%) and 9 ester compounds (relative content 38. 06%) . There were 42 common compounds among the oils extracted by three different methods including bornyl acetate, borneol, ledene oxide (I), patchouli alcohol, globulol, baldrinal and seychellene. Bornyl acetate was the main component in all Valerian officinalis essential oils. All Valerian officinalis essential oils showed strong anti-oxidant properties by scavenging DPPH, OH and ABTS free radicals. At the concentration of 0. 50 mg/mL, the scavenging rates of DPPH, OH and ABTS free radicals of SD essential oil were 56. 62%, 55. 33% and 56. 21%, those of SFE essential oil were 82. 81%, 75. 64% and 82. 56%, and those of SBE essential oil were 70. 13%, 68. 15% and 78. 64%, respectively. The comprehensive antioxidant activity (APC) indexes of Valerian officinalis essential oils were in the order of SFE>SBE>SD. [Conclusion] There were certain differences in chemical composition and relative content of Valerian officinalis essential oils extracted by different methods. Valerian officinalis essential oil extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction method had the highest number of compounds and the strongest antioxidant activity, which was preferred for extracting Valerian officinalis essential oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with high heterogeneity in tissues and organs, Whose pathogenesis is still unclear. Lymphocytes are important immune cells involved in the occurrence and development of SLE. It has been found that the abnormal activation of T cells and B cells are important causes of SLE. In this review, by summarizing the role of T cells and B cells in the pathogenesis of SLE and the latest research progress in lymphocyte-targeted treatment strategy of SLE, the important scientific evidences can be provided to the study of the pathogenesis of SLE and the development of new medicines for the treatment of SLE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study took the post-90s filial Chinese Taiwanese audiences and parental Chinese Taiwanese audiences as the research objects. Methods of focus group was applied to explore the reception reasons as well as differences of two generations of audiences. It is found out that parental audiences are mostly attracted by the proximities of languages, variety show genres, traditional culture elements and values, as well as differences of customs and scenery. However, what highly attract filial audiences are limited to the proximities of values, some types of variety show genres and traditional culture elements, as well as differences of languages, customs and scenery. To sum up, cultural proximity plays a more important role in the reception of parental Chinese Taiwanese audiences, while cultural difference plays a more important role in the reception of filial Chinese Taiwanese audiences, which might be caused by the differences between parental and filial Chinese Taiwanese audiences in mastery of languages and identities, media literacy, and differences in educational and political conditions at different times and so on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Micro/nano plastics are emerging pollutants in the environment and have shown serious hazards in human health and ecology, etc. It is urgent to explore strategies for efficient analysis and removal of micro/nano plastics. The current situation of micro/nano plastic pollution in water environment is summarized. The source, distribution and morphology of micro/nano plastics are introduced, the distribution characteristics of micro/nano plastics in water environment and the research of removal technology are reviewed, the removal process of micro/nano plastics in water bodies is summarized, the separation and degradation of the two parts of the technology are discussed in depth, and the development of emerging micro/nano plastics removal technology is outlooked to provide an important reference basis for the pollution control and management of micro/nano plastics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liquid crystal display has become the mainstream display technology, in which the light diffusion sheet can haze the light and ensure good display quality. Quantum dot materials have the function of color conversion and improving color quality, so quantum dot light diffusion sheets are the development direction of the next generation of liquid crystal displays. The liquid crystal display technology with quantum dot backlight as the light source has become more mature and is gradually being promoted to the market. The use of polymeric encapsulation method for quantum dot to form quantum dot diffusion sheet can effectively reduce the manufacturing cost and help expand the market share of quantum dot liquid crystal display. In this paper, polystyrene/styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (PS/SAN) composite films with different contents of styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) were prepared by hot pressing and extrusion casting, and the morphology, mechanical, optical and oxygen barrier properties were investigated. The results show that compared with pure (polystyrene) PS film, the oxygen barrier property of the composite film with the SAN mass fraction of 30% prepared by casting is improved by 29%, the tensile strength is improved by 16.6%, the light transmittance is greater than 80% and the haze is at around 40%. Compared with the film prepared by hot pressing, the composite film prepared by casting shows better oxygen barrier property, which is possible to be used to prepare the diffusion layer for PS-based quantum dot diffusion sheet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] To enhance students' understanding of polymer crystallization and cultivate their research and innovation skills, three traditional independent experiments, namely differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing microscope (POM), and small-angle laser scattering (SALS), have been integrated into a systematic crystallization study. Our study focuses on biodegradable polymer polybutylene succinate (PBS), allowing for a comprehensive investigation of the crystallization process and characteristics from multiple perspectives. [Methods] This study investigates how the amorphous copolymer unit, butylene 2-methylsuccinate (BMS), affects the thermal properties, crystallization kinetics, and morphology of poly(butylene succinate-co-butylene 2-methylsuccinate) (PBSMS). The research was conducted collaboratively, with each team initially performing literature reviews and designing experiments tailored to their respective topics. Subsequently, each team formulated an experimental plan based on instructor feedback. During the experimental phase, they sequentially executed DSC, POM, and SALS experiments as per their assigned tasks. The data collected was then analyzed across teams working on similar topics to comprehensively assess the crystallization process. This analysis aimed to explore the impact of BMS on the crystallization behavior of PBSMS and to derive research conclusions. The findings from the study were systematically compiled into laboratory and course reports. During DSC experiments, a heating rate of 10 °C/s was chosen after eliminating the thermal history of the sample. The experiment was conducted at three set temperatures: 160 °C, 20 °C, and 160 °C. A small amount of polymer powder (about 0.3 mg) was heated between two glass slides and melted at 160 °C for 3 min, then rolled into a bubble-free film. These films were subsequently observed and photographed using POM at appropriate intervals. In the photographs, three fixed spheroids were selected, and their radii at different times were determined using the three-point method. These data were then fitted to obtain the average spheroid growth rate. Additionally, the films were observed using SALS to calculate the spheroid radius and ring spacing using the corresponding formulas. [Results] The study revealed the following: 1) As the BMS content decreased (0%-10%), the peak crystallization temperature and melting point of the polymer increased; 2) Within the 75 °C-80 °C range, the spheroid radial growth rate of PBSMS decreased as the BMS content increased at the same isothermal crystallization temperature; 3) At the same isothermal crystallization temperature, PBSMS with less amorphous copolymerization units exhibited larger, irregular zonal spherulites; 4) Different BMS concentrations (0%-10%) had different effects on the spheroid radius of PBSMS. [Conclusions] Through a series of comparative experiments and detailed analyses, we demonstrated that changes in BMS content significantly affect the peak crystallization temperature, melting point, spheroid morphology, and average growth rate during the isothermal crystallization of the PBSMS. The experimental results align with the theoretical knowledge and literature, enhancing understanding and mastery of the subject. Through these integrated experiments, students improved their skills in experimental design, data analysis, and scientific reasoning. Moreover, the course facilitated advanced research topics, guiding students to conduct scientific research training in teaching experiments and achieving the goal of integrating research with teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cobalt-vanadium layered bimetallic hydroxide (CoV-LDH) is rich in electrochemically active sites, but still suffers from the problems of expensive low-priced vanadium sources, difficult preparation, and vanadium dissolution. In this study, three-dimensional porous CoV-LDH electrode materials were prepared by electrochemical cathodic reduction, and in order to improve the stability of CoV-LDH in alkaline electrolyte, the core-shell structure CoV-LDH@NiCo-LDH composites were constructed by secondary electrodeposition, which have the microscopic morphology of nanosphere-coated nanosheets and the uniform distribution of the three elements of Ni, Co, and V. This increased the contact area of the material's active sites and the electrolyte, and reduced the contact area of vanadium. With the uniform distribution of Ni, Co and V elements, the contact area between the active sites and the electrolyte is increased, the interfacial impedance of the material is reduced, and the pseudocapacitive energy storage performance is greatly improved. Under the current density of 1 A/g, the specific capacitance of CoV-LDH@NiCo-LDH reaches 995.8 F/g, which is much better than that of CoV-LDH (575.2 F/g), with a significant increase of 73.1% in the specific capacitance, and it has excellent multiplicative performance, and the pseudocapacitance accounts for 85% of the total capacitance under the sweeping speed of 50 mV/s. The cycling stability reaches 85% after 2 000 cycles. Analyzing the reaction kinetics and energy storage mechanism of the NiCo-LDH@CoV-LDH electrode material, it exhibits not only the battery-type Faraday behavior but also the capacitive properties. The anode material was assembled with an activated carbon (AC) negative electrode to form a CoV-LDH@NiCo-LDH:||AC asymmetric supercapacitor, with a specific capacitance of up to 222.2 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g, and an energy density of 30.86 Wh/kg at a power density of 222.2 W/kg. This work lays the foundation for the vanadium-based bimetallic hydroxide material, preparation of vanadium-based bimetallic hydroxide materials and energy storage applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a progressive fibroinflammatory disease characterized by destruction of pancreatic acinar cells, infiltration of inflammatory cells, activation of pancreatic stellate cell (PSC), and pancreatic fibrosis. Autophagy participates in the maintenance of cell homeostasis. Recent studies have shown that autophagy closely related to the occurrence and development of CP. However, several autophagy types in the pancreatic microenvironment play different roles in the progression of CP. The autophagy of acinar cells has a "double-edged sword" effect. PSC autophagy is positively correlated with its activation, while the role of autophagy of inflammatory cells is still unclear. This study focused on some key cells in the CP microenvironment and explored the role and mechanism of autophagy in the progression of CP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study lncRNA MEG3 expression and its relationship with Th17/CD4+T cells in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with different pleural effusion severity and prognosis. Methods: A total of 104 NSCLC malignant pleural effusion patients admitted to Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected as research subjects, and divided into three groups based on amount of pleural effusion, including small amount of pleural effusion group (35 cases), moderate amount of pleural effusion group (42 cases) and large amount of pleural effusion group (27 cases). According to actual development and prognosis of patient's disease, they were divided into good prognosis group (29 cases without recurrence and metastasis) and poor prognosis group (75 cases with recurrence and metastasis). Another 60 patients with benign pleural effusion due to pneumonia who were treated in Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University at same time were selected as control group. MEG3 expression in pleural effusion of two groups was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, and peripheral venous blood of subjects was collected. Th17 cell and CD4+T cell ratios of peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry, and Th17/CD4+T was calculated. lncRNA MEG3 and peripheral blood Th17 and CD4+T levels in each group of patients compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze pleural effusion and prognostic factors in NSCLC. Results: lncRNA MEG3 expression and CD4+T percentage in pleural effusion in NSCLC group were lower than control group, while Th17 percentage and Th17/ CD4+T were higher than control group (P<0.05). lncRNA MEG3 expression and CD4+T percentage in large pleural effusion group were lower than small and moderate pleural effusion groups. lncRNA MEG3 expression and CD4+T percentage in modarate pleural effusion group were lower than small pleural effusion group, while Th17 percentage and Th17/CD4+T in large pleural effusion group were higher than small and moderate pleural effusion groups. Th17/CD4+T was higher in small amount pleural effusion group (P<0.05). lncRNA MEG3 expression and CD4+T percentage in poor prognosis group were lower than those in good prognosis group, while Th17 percentage and Th17/CD4+T were higher than good prognosis group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that lncRNA MEG3 was a protective factor for NSCLC pleural effusion, and Th17/CD4+T was a risk factor (P<0.05), lncRNA MEG3 was a protective factor of NSCLC prognosis, and Th17/CD4+T was a risk factor (P<0.05). Conclusion: lncRNA MEG3 expression and Th17/CD4+T in NSCLC patients with different pleural effusion severity and prognosis is not same. lncRNA MEG3 is a risk factor for NSCLC pleural effusion and prognosis, while Th17/CD4+T is a risk factor, which can be used as an effective biomarker for pleural effusion severity and prognosis diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the influences of sufentanil (Suf) on the inflammatory response and chondrocyte apoptosis in rats with osteoarthritis (OA) by modulating Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. Methods: SD rats were grouped into normal control group (NC group), blank control group (Blank group), low-dose Suf group (Suf-L group, 1 μg/kg), high-dose Suf group (Suf-H group, 5 μg/kg), Diacerein group (DC group, 54 mg/kg), and Suf-H+ML-099 (Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway activator) group (5 μg/kg Suf+11.7 mg/kg ML-099), with 12 rats in each group. Except for the NC group, the other groups were all constructed OA rat models by transection of the medial meniscus tibial ligament of the right knee joint. After the modeling was successful, the corresponding drug treatment was carried out, and the rats in the NC group and the Blank group were intraperitoneally injected and gavaged with the same amount of normal saline, administer once a day for 3 weeks. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, the changes of tenderness threshold and thermal pain threshold of rats were monitored; serum levels of TNF- α, IL-1β and IL-6 were detected by ELISA; Safranin O-Fast green staining was used to detect the pathological changes of cartilage tissue; TUNEL staining was used to detect chondrocyte apoptosis; Western blot was used to detect the expressions of Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway protein and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) protein in cartilage tissue. Results: Compared with NC group, the tenderness threshold and heat pain threshold of rats in Blank group were decreased (P<0.05), and the pathological injury of cartilage tissue was serious, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 levels, Mankin score, chondrocyte apoptosis rate, Ras, Raf, MEK, p-ERK1/2, MMP-13 protein expressions were increased (P<0.05); compared with the Blank group, the change trends of the corresponding indicators in Suf-L group, Suf-H group and DC group were opposite to the above (P<0.05); ML-099 attenuated the effect of high dose Suf on OA rats. Conclusion: Suf may attenuate the inflammatory response and chondrocyte apoptosis in OA rats by inhibiting the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the types, origins, fluoride content of brick tea available in the Sanjiangyuan region, and the local residents' consumption of milk tea, providing a scientific basis for assessing the safety of fluoride intake from brick tea. Methods In 2022, based on historical data, a survey was conducted in 11 counties (cities) in the Sanjiangyuan region where residents habitually consume milk tea. Villages with a brick tea consumption habit were selected as the unit of investigation within each county. Ten households were randomly sampled from each village to collect demographic data and information on milk tea consumption. Samples of drinking water, brick tea, and milk tea were collected to measure fluoride content, calculating the daily per capita fluoride intake from milk tea for individuals over 16 years of age. The fluoride content in water and tea was measured using ion-selective electrode methods. Results A total of 82 drinking water samples were collected, with an average fluoride concentration of 0.22 mg/L, ranging from 0.10 to 0.74 mg/L. A total of 873 brick tea samples were collected, primarily consisting of Kang brick and Fu brick, accounting for 42.96% (375/873) and 34.48% (301/873) of the total, respectively. Other varieties included Jin Jian (11.80%, 103/873), Da tea (4.81%, 42/873), Hei brick (4.35%, 38/873), and Qing brick (1.60%, 14/873). There were 69 brands of brick tea available, predominantly produced in Sichuan Province (56.24%, 491/873), followed by Hunan Province (37.46%, 327/873). The average fluoride content in brick tea was 752.3 mg/kg, with a range of 242 to 1 836 mg/kg, with Jin Jian and Kang brick showing significantly higher fluoride levels (P < 0.001). Only three samples of brick tea had fluoride content ≤300 mg/kg, representing 0.34% of all samples. The annual per capita consumption of brick tea for individuals over 16 years was 3.40 kg (1.05-5.37 kg). A total of 554 milk tea samples were collected, with an average fluoride concentration of 2.25 mg/L, ranging from 0.82 to 12.18 mg/L. The daily per capita consumption of milk tea was 2 575 ml, leading to a daily per capita fluoride intake from milk tea of 5.79 mg, with a range of 2.92 to 13.06 mg. In ten counties, the daily per capita fluoride intake from milk tea exceeded the national health standard for total daily fluoride intake (3.50 mg). Conclusion The brick tea circulating in the Sanjiangyuan region is mainly composed of Kang and Fu bricks produced in Sichuan and Hunan, with excessive fluoride content in both brick tea and milk tea. The fluoride intake among the population exceeds safe levels, posing widespread health risks, necessitating the prompt implementation of effective preventive measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective There is evidence suggesting a causal relationship between circulating inflammatory proteins and Parkinson's disease (PD). However, no studies have analyzed the causal relationship between them. This study employs a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to explore the bidirectional causal relationship between 91 inflammatory proteins and PD. Methods Bidirectional MR analysis was conducted using data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) associated with 91 inflammatory proteins and PD population GWAS data (including 33 674 PD cases and 449 056 controls). The inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger regression, weighted median, and MR-PRESSO methods were utilized to systematically investigate the bidirectional causal relationship between the 91 inflammatory proteins and PD. Sensitivity analyses, including heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and leave-one-out tests, were performed to assess the robustness of the results. Results MR analysis identified six circulating inflammatory proteins potentially associated with PD risk, including protective inflammatory proteins such as TNFRSF9 (OR =0.819, 95% CI: 0.732-0.917, PFBR=0.048, P=0.001), neurotrophic factor (OR=0.808, 95%CI:0.679-0.962, PFBR=0.398, P=0.016), and TGF-α (OR=0.841, 95%CI:0.725-0.975, PFBR=0.398, P= 0.022). Conversely, harmful inflammatory proteins included IL-17A (OR=1.211, 95%CI: 1.038-1.414, PFBR=0.398, P=0.015), IL-18 (OR=1.124, 95%Cl: 1.019-1.239, PFBR=0.398, P=0.019), and TNF-β (OR=1.084, 95%Cl: 1.003-1.171, PFBR=0.620, P= 0.041). The reverse MR analysis indicated a negative correlation between PD and two inflammatory proteins: Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor (LIFR) (OR =0.951, 95%C7:0.909-0.996, PFBR=0.989, P=0.034) and TNFSF12 (OR=0.958, 95%C7: 0.920-0.997, PFBR=0.989, P=0.035). Sensitivity analyses suggested no pleiotropy or heterogeneity, confirming the robustness of the results. Conclusion TNFRSF9, neurotrophic factor, and TGF-α may have potential protective effects against PD, while IL-17A, IL-18, and TNF-β may be causally associated with increased risk of PD. Additionally, the disease state of PD may be negatively correlated with LIFR and TNFSF12. This study provides new insights into the relationship between circulating proteins and PD and may offer new clues for predicting PD risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to evaluate the post-earthquake condition of railway bridges, this study develops a method for evaluating the traffic function of railway bridges based on vulnerability. Taking common railway bridges in China as references, 20 four-span simply-supported beam bridges with varying structural parameters were modeled in OpenSees for full-bridge finite element analysis. Seismic timehistory analysis was employed to evaluate both the vulnerability and traffic function of the bridges, clarifying the key factors influencing seismic damage and traffic function. The findings indicated that the longitudinal reinforcement ratio and shear span-to-depth ratio were the core factors affecting seismic damage, with the axial compression ratio also playing a significant role, while the volumetric stirrup ratio served as a secondary factor. To control seismic damage of the bridges, increasing the longitudinal reinforcement ratio and reducing the shear span-to-depth ratio were recommended. A higher reinforcement ratio significantly enhanced traffic capacity, while an increased shear span-to-depth ratio reduced it. Additionally, slight improvements in traffic capacity were observed with increases in the reinforcement ratio and axial compression ratio. The longitudinal reinforcement ratio and shear span-to-depth ratio were the main factors affecting the traffic function of the bridges, while the volumetric stirrup ratio and axial compression ratio were secondary. To ensure optimal traffic capacity, the longitudinal reinforcement ratio should be appropriately increased or the pier shear span-to-depth ratio be reduced, with modest increases in the volumetric stirrup ratio and axial compression ratio. The traffic capacity evaluation method proposed in this study provides an effective tool for assessing bridge functionality and is suitable for post-earthquake assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rail corrugation, one of the most common track damage problems in metro lines, has yet to be fundamentally resolved. To study the time-frequency domain characteristics of vehicle interior vibration and noise, as well as track structure vibration after rail corrugation occurs in different track structure types, and to investigate the effect of rail corrugation on vehicles and tracks, dynamic and static tests were conducted on a metro line. These tests measured the vibration and noise response inside the vehicle and the vibration response of track components under the rail corrugation excitation. Methods such as time-domain indicator statistics and 1/3-octave spectral analysis were used to analyze track vibration response characteristics and in-vehicle vibration and noise response characteristics. The results showed that on small radius curve sections, the floating slab track produced rail corrugation with a characteristic wavelength of about 200 mm, while the overall track bed produced rail corrugation with a characteristic wavelength of about 60 mm. The root mean square (RMS) value of the rail, slab, and tunnel wall vibration acceleration in the floating slab track were 1. 8, 5. 8, and 0. 3 times those of the overall track bed, respectively. The influence of rail corrugation on track vibration was mainly reflected in the mid-to-high frequency range. Around 300~400 Hz, the vibration level of floating slab track attenuated by 66 dB from the rail to the tunnel wall, while the overall track bed attenuated by 49 dB. When the train passed through the test area, the RMS values of vertical and longitudinal vibration acceleration above the bogie and in the middle of the carriage were almost the same, while the RMS value of lateral vibration acceleration in the middle of the carriage was about twice that above the bogie. The abnormal vibration at the bogie position inside the vehicle mainly originated from the excitation of the rail corrugation, and the vehicle's vibration and noise were more intense under the excitation of shortwavelength corrugation. Therefore, rail corrugation in metro systems becomes a major component in both the vibration and noise response of tracks and vehicles after it occurs, and rails should be ground in time. The research results can provide theoretical guidance for metro maintenance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The prediction of sediment concentrations is of significant importance for watershed sediment control, water-sediment regulation, as well as water quality and environmental management. The upper reaches of the Yangtze River, vast area in size and abundant in tributaries with complex water and sediment sources, pose a great challenge to accurately predict the process of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) entering the Three Gorges Reservoir. In this study, we propose a deep learning model named RF-LSTM, which combines Random Forest (RF) algorithm and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network for daily SSC prediction at Cuntan station. This model addresses the varying impacts of rainfall in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, as well as the inflow of water and sediment from its main stream and tributaries, on the daily SSC observed at the station. Firstly, the RF algorithm is employed to identify water and sediment factors that exhibit a strong correlation with the SSC at Cuntan. These factors are then utilized as input variables for the LSTM neural network to discern the mapping relationship between the optimized set of factors and the SSC at Cuntan. Finally, the model is applied in the region spanning from Xiangjiaba to Cuntan of the upper Yangtze River to predict the daily SSC during flood season at Cuntan station under different forecast periods. Results show that, compared to the LSTM model, the RF-LSTM model can better account for the lagged effects of the predictor factors on the SSC, and effectively capture the features that are strongly correlated with the SSC at Cuntan station. Under all the four different forecast horizons considered, the RF-LSTM exhibits superior performance in terms of both prediction accuracy and overall capability. Specially, when considering no-forecast and 1-d forecast horizons, both models exhibit high prediction accuracy, with Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients exceeding 0.82 during the validation period. Notably, the RF-LSTM model achieves a Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient of 0.91 in the no-forecast horizon, outperforming the LSTM model by reducing mean absolute errors and root mean square errors by 8% and 13%, respectively. Furthermore, under both of these forecast horizons, the RF-LSTM model more precisely captures SSC peaks and their occurrence timings. However, as the forecast horizon increases to 2 days and 3 days, the accuracy of both models decrease significantly. Nevertheless, the RF-LSTM model continues to outperform the LSTM model in terms of computational accuracy, demonstrating its robustness and reliability across different forecast horizons. These findings highlight the potential of the RF-LSTM model as a valuable tool for SSC prediction in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, offering a valuable reference for future studies in this domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water flow is an important piece of information in hydrological assessments, aiding in understanding variations in river flow and predicting its trends. Traditional contact-based methods for measuring water flow are greatly affected by environmental conditions during emergencies, with difficulties in installation and low measurement efficiency. To address this issue, this study explores a method for calculating video-based flow measurements using a non-contact spatio-temporal imaging approach. The study selects the Pukou section of the Chuhe River in Nanjing City as the experimental site for water flow detection. The detection method in this paper uses video flow measurement to measure the velocity of water flow. The collected data is processed visually and displayed on the interface of terminal equipment, and the collected data can be transmitted to a specified address in the format of the hydrological protocol. Experimental results indicate that using drones equipped with video flow measurement devices can rapidly and effectively complete water flow detection. The data can be displayed in a visual format on terminal equipment, facilitating viewing by relevant personnel. This form of detection is fast, safe, and environmentally adaptive, with the potential for practical applications. Further research into this detection method will promote the smart and integrated development of hydrological assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydroxy-functionalized polyacrylate rubber particles (ACR-OH) were synthesized with micrcrcrosslinked poly-butyl acrylate (PBA) as a rubber core and methyl methacrylate-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer (HEA) as a shell through seed emulsion polymerization. ACR-OH was mixed with triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) and then added into polybutylene terylene phthalate (PBT). Owing to the reactions occurring between the hydroxyl groups on the surface of ACR particles and epoxy groups in TGIC and between the epoxy groups in TGIC and hydroxyl end-group of PBT in the melt blending process, the modified PBT (PBT/TGIC/ACR-OH) gained the good compatibility between ACR and PBT. The effect of the addition of ACR-OH and TGIC on the impact strength and tensile strength of the modified PBT were investigated. The results indicated that the addition of ACR-OH effectively improved the toughness of PBT due to good compatibility. When the addition amounts of ACR-OH and TGIC were 20 and 2 phr, respectively, the impact strength of the modified PBT reached 20. 45 kJ/m², which was 8. 4 times as high as that of pure PBT (2. 43 kJ/m²). Moreover, with the help of multi-functional TGIC, the modified PBT exhibited both good toughness and good strength at addition amounts of ACR-OH and TGIC of 8 and 2 phr, respectively. Its impact strength and tensile strength reached 10. 87 kJ/m² and 42. 1 MPa, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the current status of frailty in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), and explore the correlation of frailty with anxiety and depression. Methods General information, clinical data and blood biochemical data of 101 cases who underwent MHD in Department of Nephrology, Shunde Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University from January 2023 to January 2024 were collected. FRAIL scale was applied to evaluate the frailty of the patients, and they were accordingly classified into frailty group and non-frailty group (including pre-frail and non-frail participants). Anxiety and depression were evaluated by GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scale. Univariate analysis and logistic regression were used to explore the association of frailty with anxiety, depression and other possible influencing factors. Results Among the 101 cases, 29 cases (28.71%) were includedin frailty group and 72 cases (71.29%) in non-frailty group. There were 42 patients with depression (41.58%) and 25 with anxiety (24.75%). In the frailty group, the prevalence of depression was 65.52% and that of anxiety 55.17%. There were significant differences in age, grip strength, exercise, stroke and coronary heart disease, anxiety and depression, ferritin and CRP between the two groups (P < 0.01). Multivariate regression analysis showed that depression, anxi- ety, no exercise, stroke and high ferritin concentration were independent risk factors for frailty in MHD patients (P < 0.05). Conclusion In patients on MHD, frailty is closely associated with depression, anxiety, and lack of exercise, and stroke as well as high ferritin concentration are independent risk factors for frailty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment aims to determine the nutritional components of reed mushroom foot waste and evaluate its nutritional value. The conventional feed nutrient determination method was used to measure the content of crude protein, crude fat, moisture, crude ash, and main trace elements in reed mushroom foot waste. The internationally accepted non-biological evaluation method was used to assess the nutritional value of protein. The results showed that the reed mushroom foot waste contained 24.76% crude protein, 0.29% crude fat, 11.78% moisture and 7.46% crude ash, the content of main mineral elements in reed mushroom foot waste was Cu 57 mg/kg, Fe 212 mg/kg, Mn 31 mg/kg and Zn 66 mg/kg. A total of 17 kinds of amino acids were detected in reed mushroom foot waste. The ratio of essential amino acids (EAA) to the total amino acids (TAA) was 0.40, and the ratio of non-essential amino acids (NEAA) to TAA was 0.60. The results of AAS showed that the first limiting amino acid was valine, the second limiting amino acid was methionine, and the third limiting amino acid was methionine + cystine. The EAARR score of reed mushroom foot waste was 66.5%, and the GRG method score was 0.78. The study indicates that reed mushroom foot waste can be used as a high quality protein feed raw material, which has the value of development and application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment used the response surface method to optimize the extraction process of polysaccharides from Phellodendron amurense Rupr. and studied its antioxidant activity. Four factors with significant impact on polysaccharide extraction (extraction temperature, extraction time, ultrasonic power, and liquid-to-solid ratio) were selected as the subjects of investigation. Based on the results of single-factor experiments, the Box-Behnken design response surface method was used to optimize the extraction process of Phellodendron amurense Rupr. polysaccharides. The antioxidant activity of Phellodendron amurense Rupr. polysaccharides was evaluated by measuring their scavenging effects on 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals and hydroxyl radicals. The results showed that the optimal extraction process obtained by the response surface optimization was an extraction temperature of 79 °C, an extraction time of 54 minutes, an ultrasonic power of 59 W, and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 23 mL/g, at which the yield of Phellodendron amurense Rupr. reached 3.19%. At a concentration of 5 g/L, the maximum scavenging rates of DPPH and hydroxyl radicals by Phellodendron amurense Rupr. polysaccharides were 61% and 39%, respectively. The study indicates that the optimized ultrasonic extraction process of Phellodendron amurense Rupr. polysaccharides is stable and feasible, and Phellodendron amurense Rupr. polysaccharides possess certain antioxidant activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment aimed to investigate the effects of potato seedling silage on the growth performance, rumen fermentation parameters, and serum biochemical indexes of mutton sheep. A total of 48 healthy mutton sheep with similar body weight were randomly divided into four groups with three replicates per group and four mutton sheep per replicate. The control group was fed with whole-plant corn silage, while experimental groups I, II, and III used 25%, 50%, 100% potato seedling silage to replace the whole-plant corn silage, respectively. The pre-feeding period was one week, and the formal experimental period lasted for 60 days. The results showed that the final body weight and average daily weight gain of group II were significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), and the feed-to-gain ratio was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The ruminal acetic acid in groups I and II was significantly higher than that in the control group and group III (P<0.05), and the concentration of total volatile fatty acids in group II was significantly higher than that in the control group and group III (P<0.05), the microbial protein content in group II was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the concentration of ammonium nitrogen was significantly lower than that in the control group and group III (P<0.05). The levels of serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and urea nitrogen in group II were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), and the level of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in groups I and II was significantly higher than that in the control group and group III (P<0.05). The serum glucose level in all experimental groups was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The study indicates that the appropriate addition of potato seedling silage has a promoting effect on the growth performance and rumen fermentation of mutton sheep, and enhances lipid metabolism. It is advisable to replace 50% of the whole-plant corn silage with potato seedling silage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the association between gallstones and CVD among ethnic minority populations in Guizhou Province, as well as the mediating effect of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in this association, in order to provide reference suggestions for reducing the burden of CVD. Methods Based on the database of Cohort Study of Native Natural Population in Ethnic Minority Gathering Areas in Southwest China, stratified and multi-stage cluster sampling was used to conduct a baseline survey of ethnic minorities aged 30 - 79 years in Qiandongnan and Qiannan Prefectures of Guizhou Province from 2018 to 2019. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between gallstones and CVD, and the mediating effect model was used to evaluate the mediating effect of glomerular filtration rate in the association. Results The detection rate of CVD in Guizhou minority population was 3.16%, among which the detection rates of Dong, Miao and Buyi were 3.27%, 3.07% and 3.12%, respectively. The total detection rate of gallstones was 9.03%. Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for all the variables (model 3), the detection rates of CVD in the total population [OR(95%CI): 1.633(1.269-2.102)], the Dong [OR(95%CI): 1.567(1.077-2.280)], and Miao [OR(95%CI): 1.679(1.055-2.673)], gallstones were positively associated with CVD. No association between gallstones and CVD was found in the Buyi population. Subgroup analysis showed that Dong patients with gallstones < 60 years old were positively correlated with CVD [OR(95%CI): 1.825(1.022-3.258)], gallstone patients without hyperlipidemia [OR(95%CI): 2.151(1.352-3.422)], gallstone patients without hypertension [OR(95%CI): 1.612(1.013-2.565)] were positively correlated with CVD. Miao ≥ 60 years old [OR(95%CI): 1.878(1.038-3.397)], male [OR(95%CI): 1.546(1.212-5.586)], BMI ≥ 24 [OR(95%CI): 1.972(1.160-3.354)], gallstone patients with hypertension [OR(95%CI): 2.264(1.297 - 5.429)] were positively correlated with CVD. Mediation analysis revealed that the glomerular filtration rate accounted for 16.96%, 12.08%, 17.43%, and 14.52% of the mediating effect between gallstones and CVD in the total population, Dong, Miao, and Buyi people, respectively. Conclusion Gallstones are positively correlated with CVD in the Dong and Miao populations in Guizhou Province, especially in the overweight and hypertension population of the Miao nationality. There is no association between gallstones and CVD in the Buyi population. Glomerular filtration rate has a partial mediating effect between gallstones and CVD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the monitoring data of rural drinking water quality and water supply project information in Gansu Province, and to provide a basis for the guarantee of rural drinking water health security. Methods Based on the water quality monitoring data of rural centralized water supply project in Gansu Province from 2018 to 2023, the water quality index evaluation method was used to compare the differences in water quality, and the chi-square test was used to compare the status of water supply projects in each year. Results The results showed that the automatic monitoring system, the proportion of purification and disinfection facilities, and the comprehensive index of water quality in rural centralized water supply project in Gansu Province were improved, and the differences between each year were statistically significant (P < 0.05). In the single monitoring index, the total standard rate of total coliforms in microbial index increased from 68.66% to 90.95% from 2018 to 2023, and the turbidity qualified rate in sensory index increased from 92.26% to 98.65%. Conclusion The rural drinking water supply situation in Gansu from 2018 to 2023 was improved, and the water quality was on the rise. It is necessary to continue to promote the scale and standardization construction of water supply project to ensure the health safety of drinking water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To provide a reference for the health department and to improve the medical quality by analyzing and evaluating the medical quality of public traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in Shandong Province from 2019 to 2022 comprehensively. Methods Based on the survey data of public TCM hospitals participating in performance appraisal in Shandong Province, the medical quality of public TCM hospitals in Shandong Province was comprehensively evaluated by using the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method, RSR method and the fuzzy combination method of the two. Results According to the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method, the evaluation results of medical quality were the best in 2019, followed by 2022, with C values of 0.594 4 and 0.548 6, respectively, the evaluation results of RSR method were the best in 2022, followed by 2021, with RSR values of 0.750 0 and 0.688 0, respectively, and the best evaluation results of the two fuzzy joint methods were in 2022 and followed by 2021, and the three evaluation methods showed that the evaluation results of medical quality in 2020 were the worst. Conclusion Although the evaluation results of the entropy-weighted TOPSIS and RSR methods and the fuzzy joint method are slightly different, the trend is basically the same, and the medical quality of public TCM hospitals in Shandong Province has been improving year by year from 2019 to 2022. The fuzzy combination method of the two can reflect the evaluation results more scientifically and reasonably, and has certain reference significance for the improvement of medical quality level and management standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the effect of homework time on myopia of primary school students and evaluate its differences among different grades. Methods A total of 183 districts in 21 cities of Sichuan Province were selected as research sites. Two primary schools were randomly selected from each research site, and students in grades 4-6 were selected form the whole class basis. At least 80 students from each school were selected for visual screening and questionnaire survey. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of homework duration on myopia. Results 47 054 students from grades 4 to 6 were included in the study, including 32.5% in grade 4, 33.4% in grade 5 and 34.0% in grade 6. The myopia rate of students in grades 4-6 was 50.3%, and it increased with the increase of grade. After controlling covariates, the average daily homework time < 1 h was taken as reference, and the homework time of 1-2 hours was the risk factor for myopia (OR = 1.059, P = 0.008). Stratified by sex, the same effect was observed in male students (OR = 1.102, P = 0.001), and was most pronounced in male students in grade 5 (OR = 1.123, P = 0.026). The same effect was observed among students with good economic level (OR = 1.097, P = 0.005). Conclusion Homework may increase the risk of myopia of primary school students. It is suggested to arrange homework time scientifically and reasonably. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of quercetagetin on the growth performance, diarrhea rate, and immune function of piglets, and to determine the feasibility of application of quercetagetin in the production of weaned piglets. A total of 96 'DurocxLandracexYorkshire' piglets at 28 days of age were divided into four groups, with three replicates per group, each replicate consisting of eight piglets. Piglets in each group were fed diets supplemented with 0 (control group), 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg quercetagetin, respectively. The preliminary trial lasted for one week, and the formal experiment lasted for four weeks. The results showed that compared with the control group, the final weight and average daily weight gain of the 400 mg/kg group were significantly increased by 6.39% and 10.86%, respectively (P<0.05), and the feed conversion ratio was significantly reduced by 8.68% (P<0.05). The diarrhea rate in the 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg groups was significantly reduced (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the serum D-lactic acid content in the 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg groups was significantly reduced (P<0.01), the content of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was significantly reduced (P<0.05), and the content of immunoglobulin A (IgA) was significantly increased (P<0.05). The serum interleukin-10 (IL-10) content in the 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg groups was significantly increased (P<0.05), the content of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in the 400 mg/kg group was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the levels of diamine oxidase and endotoxin were significantly reduced (P<0.05). The study indicates that quercetagetin can improve the growth performance, immune function and reduce the diarrhea rate of piglets. The quercetagetin optimal supplemental level is 400 mg/kg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional image captioning methods do not generate explanatory description texts due to the lack of a priori knowledge of the real world, while the accuracy of the generated description texts is not high in some specialized fields. To address these problems, the military news image set captioning task is proposed, and a military news image set dataset is also constructed. The task has two key challenges: the description information is derived from the whole image set and the corresponding news articles; the semantics learned by the model is not sufficient. A military news image set captioning method based on image and text relevance and context guidance (ITRCG) is further proposed. Based on ITRCG, cross-modal information interaction is realized, the model is guided to learn more complete semantics, and named entity generation is assisted by label cleaning. Experimental validation is conducted on the constructed military news image set dataset, and the results show that ITRCG can effectively improve the quality of the description text and achieve improvements in all evaluation metrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]