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Abstract [Objective] We aim to investigate the morphological adaptation characteristics of peony in different habitats to the environment in the plain areas, and to provide references for peony conservation research and screening of high-quality germplasm resources. [Methods] The Central Plain peonies (Paeonia ostii ‘Fengdan’ and P .‘Luoyanghong’) and wild peonies (P . delavayi Franch, P . potanini, P . ludlowii, P . lutea (Tibet), P . lutea and P . qiui) were used as materials, and paraffin section technique was used to observe the leaf structure and analyze the related indexes. [Results] (1) The leaf epidermal morphology of the Central Plain peonies and wild peonies showed varying degrees of variation. The leaves were heterofacial, with the upper and lower epidermal cells were irregularly shaped, and the stomata was uniformly distributed in the lower epidermis. (2) The leaves and cuticles of P . ludlowii were thin. The palisade tissue was underdeveloped. The intercellular space was large and the stomatal density was high. The thickness of leaves, palisade tissue, and sponge tissue of P . lutea was the largest. (3) Stomatal density and epidermal thickness, chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a/b, total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a/b were significantly negatively correlated (P

Objective To investigate the status of deciduous dental caries among preschool children in Chongqing city and to compare the oral health status of preschoolers from public and private kindergarten. Methods According to the criteria recommended by The Third National Oral Health Investigation, the deciduous caries of 5 030 preschool children aged 3 to 6 years old from 40 private kindergartens and 16 public kindergartens in Yuzhong district of Chongqing were examined. The prevalence of dental caries and the mean dmfl and filling rate were calculated. The results were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 software package. Results Maxillary deciduous central incisors and mandibular deciduous molar were most prone to decay in 5 030 children. The prevalence of dental caries was 54.08% (2 720/5 030). The mean dmfl score was 2.58 and the filling rate was 0.98% (127/12 993). The prevalence of dental caries and mean dmfl increased gradually as the children were growing up (P<0.05). The rate of filling teeth of the 6 year old group was higher than other groups (P<0.05). No significant difference between males and females were noted (P>0.05). The prevalence rate of deciduous dental caries among private kindergartens was 61.04% (1 656/2 713), with a mean dmft of 3.12 and filling rate of 0.35% (30/8 465). The prevalence rate of deciduous dental caries among public kindergartens was 45.92% (1 064/2 317), with a mean dmfl of 1.95 and filling rate of 2.14% (97/ 4 528). Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in the prevalence rate, mean dmft, and filling rate between two kinds of kindergarten (P<0.05). Conclusion Deciduous dental caries of preschool children is an important problem in Chongqing city and the children from private kindergarten had very low filling rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate influence of oral diseases on child oral health-related quality of life, and to identify the dimensional structure of the early childhood oral health impact scale (ECOHIS). Methods The Chinese language version of ECOHIS was applied to 280 patients aged 2-5 years old from the paediatric dentistry clinic of West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University. The three-dimensional construct was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results Two hundred and sixty-eight valid questionnaires (95.7%) were reclaimed. For the child impact section of the ECOHIS, "pain in the teeth, mouth or jaws" was the most frequently reported item by the parents. Item of "feeling upset or guilty" was most frequently reported in the family impact section of the ECOHIS. The CFA results indicated that all factor loadings to its items were 0.25-0.81 with one factor loadings less than 0.30. The modified factor model revealed a better fit to the data. Conclusion Oral diseases have negative impact on the children's oral health-related quality of life. ECOHIS is a three-dimensional structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate caries status of primary and permanent teeth among 6-year-old children in Sichuan Province and correlation between caries of deciduous molars and first permanent molars. Methods Referenced to the sampling programme of the third national epidemiological survey of oral health status, a total of 714 children aged 6 were randomly sampled in clusters including 3 urban sampling spots and 3 rural sampling spots, the correlation between caries of deciduous molars and first permanent molars was explored. Results The prevalence rate of deciduous tooth caries of 6-year-old children in Sichuan province was 74.37%, the mean number of dmft of 6-year-old was 3.94± 3.93, the filling rate was only 4.96%. The prevalence rate and mean dmft of deciduous tooth caries showed no significant difference between different area and gender (P>0.05), however, the children came from city showed significant higher filling rate than those from countryside (P<0.05). The first permanent molars erupted have 2.98% in caries, the filling rate was 7.69%. Caries of deciduous molars was the first permanent molars caries risk factors among 6-year-old children in Sichuan province[P=0.001, r=0.175, OR=5.756, 95%CI (1.733, 19.121)]. There was weak correlation between caries of deciduous molars and first permanent molars (P<0.001, r=0.194). Conclusion Caries status of primary among 6-year-old children in Sichuan Province are serious. Caries experience of deciduous molars may play an important role in predicting the first permanent molars caries in clinic and prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate influence of oral diseases on child oral health-related quality of life, and to identify the dimensional structure of the early childhood oral health impact scale (ECOHIS)., Methods: The Chinese language version of ECOHIS was applied to 280 patients aged 2-5 years old from the paediatric dentistry clinic of West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University. The three-dimensional construct was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis(CFA)., Results: Two hundred and sixty-eight valid questionnaires (95.7%) were reclaimed. For the child impact section of the ECOHIS, "pain in the teeth, mouth or jaws" was the most frequently reported item by the parents. Item of "feeling upset or guilty" was most frequently reported in the family impact section of the ECOHIS. The CFA results indicated that all factor loadings to its items were 0.25-0.81 with one factor loadings less than 0.30. The modified factor model revealed a better fit to the data., Conclusion: Oral diseases have negative impact on the children's oral health-related quality of life. ECOHIS is a three-dimensional structure.

Objective: To investigate caries status of primary and permanent teeth among 6-year-old children in Sichuan Province and correlation between caries of deciduous molars and first permanent molars., Methods: Referenced to the sampling programme of the third national epidemiological survey of oral health status, a total of 714 children aged 6 were randomly sampled in clusters including 3 urban sampling spots and 3 rural sampling spots, the correlation between caries of deciduous molars and first permanent molars was explored., Results: The prevalence rate of deciduous tooth caries of 6-year-old children in Sichuan province was 74.37%, the mean number of dmft of 6-year-old was 3.94 +/- 3.93, the filling rate was only 4.96%. The prevalence rate and mean dmft of deciduous tooth caries showed no significant difference between different area and gender (P>0.05), however, the children came from city showed significant higher filling rate than those from countryside (P<0.05). The first permanent molars erupted have 2.98% in caries, the filling rate was 7.69%. Caries of deciduous molars was the first permanent molars caries risk factors among 6-year-old children in Sichuan province [P=0.001, r=0.175, OR=5.756, 95%CI (1.733, 19.121)]. There was weak correlation between caries of deciduous molars and first permanent molars (P<0.001, r=0.194)., Conclusion: Caries status of primary among 6-year-old children in Sichuan Province are serious. Caries experience of deciduous molars may play an important role in predicting the first permanent molars caries in clinic and prevention.