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Through sampling the four main high-quality varieties of early and late indica rice, Yexiangyou, NO.2 Guangliangxiang, Baixiang and Sixiang, that are promoted and planted in Guangxi in 2021, doing tests according to the quality indicators stipulated and the methods specified in the standards of ‹High Quality Paddy› ‹The Grain & Oil Products of China-Paddy› ‹The good grain products of Guangxi—Guangxi fragrant rice› and analyzing the test data, this article compared and researched the quality change of the four main rice varieties in different seasons, different planting areas, as well as in the same planting area and different planting seasons, explored the influence laws of varieties, regions and planting seasons on the high-quality rice varieties, provided scientific basis and data support for the selection and promotion of high-quality rice varieties, and promoted the further development of industries in Guangxi’s high-quality rice and Guangxi fragrant rice.

High temperature thin film strain gauges are widely used in the strain measurement of extreme conditions, especially in the high temperature components. ITO thin film strain gauges can generally be applied to the strain measurements above 1000℃. ITO high temperature thin film strain gauge was fabricated on the ceramic substrate using magnetron sputtering, and then was thermal treated at high temperature in pure N2 atmosphere, with the purpose of studying its microstructure, XPS, temperature resistance characteristics and piezoresistive response. The results show that the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of ITO thin film strain gauge can stabilize at -750×10-6℃-1. In addition, ITO thin film strain gauge is loaded at 1200℃, and the results show that the drift rate is 0.0018 h-1 and the strain factor is 16. Stable TCR and low drift rate of ITO thin film strain gauge provide the possibility for its application in the strain measurement of the hot end components.

The value of block chain technology is proved by the success of Bitcoin. The characteristics, limitations and its chain structure Hash principle of block chain were analyzed, the applications of block chain technology were researched, the B2B+B2C supply chain each transaction subject transaction structure diagram and dynamic multi-center coordination authentication model based on block chain were proposed. Then the producing process of block chain in B2B+B2C supply chain electronic transaction with example was analyzed, and the facing problems that block chain spreading use in B2B+B2C supply chain enterprise were pointed out. The research results have proposed a new idea for the application of cryptography and block chain.

Principle and influence factor of smooth and cleaning spinning technology are introduced. Smooth and cleaning spinning technology about 18 tex cotton/wood fiber/cashmere/spun silk dyed yarn is detailed analyzed from several aspects, such as performance of raw material, spinning process, technology points and so on. Drawing process is carried out with cotton and spun silk sliver, wood fiber sliver and cashmere sliver. The main influencing factors of yarn quality by smooth and cleaning spinning technology is analyzed. Performance testing about spun yarn indicated that hairiness and evenness was improved. The developed yarn is soft and comfortable, and has antibacterial and self-cleaning properties. It can be used to develop high added value and functional fabric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A field experiment was conducted to explore the root competitive effects of Ageratina adenophora and Setaria sphacelata, S. yunnanensis, Eupatorium fortunei, Chenopodium serotinum in monoculture and mixture, and the relative competitive abilities were evaluated. The results showed that the root length, superficial area and volume of A. adenophora in mixture were lower than in monoculture, but those of S. sphacelata were higher in mixture than in monoculture. The biomass of A. adenophora in mixture decreased by 77.1% and that of S. sphacelata increased by 80.4% compared with those in monoculture. The relative yield and competitive balance index of S. sphacelata were significantly higher than those of A. adenophora, and the relative yield was about 1.0, suggesting that the underground competitive ability of S. sphacelata was higher than A. adenophora. The root morphology of S. yunnanensis in monoculture and mixture was higher than those of A. adenophora, but the root morphology of two species in mixture was lower than in monoculture. The biomass of A. adenophora and S. yunnanensis in mixture decreased by 45.3% and 22.8% compared with those in monoculture, respectively. Competition effect parameters showed that A. adenophora was a mutual antagonism with S. yunnanensis. The root morphology of E. fortunei and A. adenophora in mixture showed no significant difference compared with that in monoculture. The biomass of A. adenophora and E. fortunei was lower than that in monoculture, respectively. Competition effect parameters showed that A. adenophora was a superior competitor. In the mixture of A. adenophora and C. serotinum, the root morphology parameters and competitive ability of A. adenophora were superior to those of C. serotinum. Above all, S. sphacelata is a preference plant material to control the A. adenophorum invasion and recover biodiversity in A. adenophorum invasion fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new design of bridge coplanar waveguide (BCPW) with the advantages of zero radiation loss, wide impedance ranges and low attenuation was presented. The characteristic impedance, dielectric loss, conductor loss and sensitivity coefficient of this waveguide were simulated and compared with the conventional coplanar waveguide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A reactive ion etching process of commercial PMMA was developed to fabricate microstructures. The polymer decomposition in plasma was described. Ion bombardment of the polymer surface is characterized as the energetically dominant activation mechanism. The effect of process parameters on the etching rate and profile was discussed. It is demonstrated that the etching rate initially increases with the increasing gas pressure but decreases after 6. 65 Pa, too high pressure is deleterious to the anisotropy etching. The etching rate increases continually with the increased power density, but the power can not surpass 50 W to prevent sample from distorting. The microstructures with deep and smooth sidewall can be achieved by an optimum etching process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel bistable radio-frequency (RF) micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) switch utilizing the advantages of electromagnetic actuation was presented. The microactuated part consists of cantilever, torsional girder, planar coils and permanent magnets. The cantilever beam has two stable positions as the permanent magnets are used. The micromechanical structure of the switch was analyzed by means of mechanics. The results reveal that the switching distance of the cantilever of the switch model with stiffening rib is 20 µm under the force of 12 µN on the beam, and the natural frequency of the switch is about 5.7 kHz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper using the air-jet Vortex spinning product Vilof/Cashmere blended knitting yarn. The multiple objective grey situation decision was used to select the main components including the nozzle and spindle diameter. The optimal spinning component includes spindle with 1.3 mm inner diameter and five hole nozzle. A series of parameters were designed including delivery speed of air-Jet Vortex, nozzle pressure and distance between the top of the spindle and front drafting roller from building orthogonal test. The best process was confirmed that the delivery speed of air-Jet Vortex is 360 m/min, the nozzle pressure is 0.55 MPa and the distance between the top of the spindlee and front drafting roller is 18 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of one-stage posterior lesion removal and internal spinal fixation in patients with lumbar Brucellosis spondylitis., Methods: The clinical data of 24 patients admitted from October 2017 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, 2 patients were lost to follow-up at 10 months after surgery, at the final 22 cases were included in the study, including 13 males and 9 females with an average age of (52.00±6.89) years old, were treated with one-stage posterior lesion removal and internal spinal fixation. The operation time, intraoperative bleeding, follow-up time, erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR) and C-reactive protein(CRP) before and after operation were recorded. The pain visual analogue scale(VAS), Oswestry disability index(ODI), the Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA) score for neurofunction, American Spinal Injury Association(ASIA) spinal cord injury grade and modified MacNab criteria were ussed to evaluate the efficacy., Results: All patients were followed up from 12 to 30 months with an average of (17.41±4.45) months. The operation time was 70 to 155 min with an average of (116.59±24.32) min;the intraoperative bleeding volume was 120 to 520 ml with an average of (275.00±97.53) ml. CRP and ESR levels decreased more significantly at 1 week and at the final follow-up than preoperative levels( P <0.05). VAS, JOA score and ODI at 1 week and at the latest follow-up were more significantly improved than preoperative results( P <0.05). There was no significant difference between ASIA preoperative and 1 week after operation( P >0.05), and a significant difference between preoperative and last follow-up( P <0.05). In the final follow-up, 21 patients had excellent efficacy, 1 patient had fair, and there was no recurrence during the follow-up., Conclusion: One-stage transpedicular lesion removal and internal spinal fixation, with few incisions and short operation time, helps the recovery of neurological function, and the prognosis meets the clinical requirements, which can effectively control Brucella spondylitis.

Objective: To analyze the difference in clinical efficacy of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) under Quadrant channel system combined with microscope and percutaneous pedicle screw in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis., Methods: A total of 114 patients with single-segment degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis from June 2015 to February 2019, were divided into three groups according to the surgical methods, such as the MIS-TLIF under the microscope surgery group ( microscope group), MIS-TLIF combined with percutaneous pedicle screw technique surgery group(percutaneous group) and posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery group (open group). In the microscope group, there were 12 males and 26 females, aged from 42 to 83 years with an average of (63.29±9.09) years. In the percutaneous group, there were 16 males and 22 females, aged from 45 to 82 years with an average of (63.37±7.50) years. In the open group, there were 12 males and 26 females, aged from 51 to 82 years with an average of (63.76±8.21) years. The general conditions of operation, such as operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, length of surgical incision, frequency of intraoperative fluoroscopy and postoperative time of lying in bed were recorded to analyze the differences in surgical related indicators. Visual analogue scale (VAS) of waist and leg pain in preoperative and postoperative period (3 days, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months) were recorded to evaluate pain remission;Oswestry Disability Index(ODI), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score were recorded to evaluate the recovery of waist and leg function on preoperative and postoperative 12 months. The lumbar spondylolisthesis rate and intervertebral height at 12 months after operation were recorded to evaluate the reduction of spondylolisthesis. The Siepe intervertebral fusion standard was used to analyze the intervertebral fusion rate at 12 months after operation., Results: ①All 114 patients were followed up more than 1 year, and no complications related to incision infection occurred. In the microscope group, there was 1 case of subcutaneous effusion 8 days after operation. After percutaneous puncture and drainage, waist compression, and then the healing was delayed. In the percutaneous group, 2 cases of paravertebral muscle necrosis occurred on the side of decompression, and the healing was delayed after debridement. In open group, there was 1 case of intraoperative dural tear, which was packed with free adipose tissue during the operation. There was no postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage and other related complications.① Compared with microscope group, percutaneous group increased in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative wound drainage, surgical incision length, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, and postoperative bed rest time. In open group, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative wound drainage, surgical incision length, and postoperative bed rest time increased, but the intraoperative fluoroscopy time decreased. Compared with percutaneous group, the intraoperative blood loss, wound drainage, surgical incision length, and postoperative bed rest time in open group increased, but operative time and the intraoperative fluoroscopy time decreased( P <0.05). ②ODI and JOA scores of the three groups at 12 months after operation were improved compared with those before operation ( P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between the three group( P >0.05). ③Compared with microscope group, the VAS of low back pain in percutaneous group increased at 3 days after operation, and VAS of low back pain in open group increased at 3 days, and 12 month after operation. Compared with percutaneous group, the VAS low back pain score of the open group increased at 3 months after operation ( P <0.05). ④ The lumbar spondylolisthesis rate of the three groups of patients at 12 months afrer operation was decreased compared with that before operation( P <0.05), and the intervertebral heigh was increased compared with that before operation( P <0.05), however, there was no significant difference among three groups at 12 months afrer operation( P >0.05). ⑤ There was no significant difference between three groups in the lumbar fusion rate at 12 months afrer operation( P >0.05)., Conclusion: The MIS-TLIF assisted by microscope and the MIS-TLIF combined with percutaneous pedicle screw are safe and effective to treat the degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis with single-segment, and the MIS-TLIF assisted by microscope may be more invasive, cause less blood loss and achieve better clinical efficacy.

In the areas with seasonal drought, water is the key factor affecting plant growth and development. Based on long-term continuous observation data, it is of great significance to explore plant water use patterns for vegetation construction in areas with seasonal drought. Taking Platycladus orientalis in Beijing mountainous area as the research object, stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope technique was applied to measure the isotopic composition of water from the soil, plant branches, and precipitation from 2012 to 2017. The relative contribution of soil water from different soil layers to P. orientalis was quantified by the MixSIAR model. The results showed that soil water in the deep layer (40-100 cm) was more stable than that in the shallow layer (0-40 cm). The variation of soil water content and water isotope values in the shallow layer were more obvious due to the effects of evaporation and precipitation. P. orientalis mainly absorbed stable deep soil water, with a relative contribution rate of 55.7%. In the dry season, with the decreases of soil water content, the absorption depth of plants to soil water gradually shifted to the shallow layer. Under conditions of moist, natural condition, mild drought and moderate drought, the relative contribution rates of deep soil water were 59.8%, 57.9%, 54.6%, 52.7%, respectively. To maintain higher transpiration in the wet season, P. orientalis relied more on deep soil water under mild and moderate drought conditions than in the dry season. Under the conditions of moist, natural condition, mild drought and moderate drought, the relative contribution rates of deep soil water were 58.9%, 57.6%, 56.4%, and 57.1%, respectively. The adaptive characteristic of P. orientalis , which adjusts the depth of root water absorption according to soil moisture condition, is of great significance for tree species selection in ecological afforestation and long-term management planning in areas with seasonal drought.

Eleven soil, three seawater and three passive air samples were collected from Qingbang Island in July, 2013, and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed. The distribution characteristics, possible sources and ecological risk assessment were investigated. The results showed that the concentrations of total 16 PAHs ranged between 60.30 and 123.34 ng x g(-1) with a mean value of 105.49 ng x g(-1) in soil, 45.96-101.08 ng x L(-1) with a mean value of 66.45 ng x L(-1) in seawater and 5.09-5.41 ng x d(-1) with a mean value of 5.35 ng x d(-1) in air samples, respectively. The PAHls concentrations of soil samples in tidal zone were higher than those in other areas. The highest PAHs concentrations in seawater were detected in complicated hydrological sea area. PAHs concentrations in air were equally distributed around the island. 2-4 rings PAHs were dominant species in soil, water and air samples. Ratio method and factor analysis were used to identify the possible sources of PAHs. The result suggested that PAHs in soil were mainly originated from combustion of coal, wood, diesel and petrol, while the possible sources of PAHls in water and air were mixed. The ecological risk assessment indicated that PAi s in different environment media posed little risk to people.

A total of 14 biological samples and 3 water samples were collected from the Qingbang Island. The concentrations of OCPs in the samples were determined by GC-ECD to investigate the distribution, composition, source and potential health risks of these compounds in the study area. The results showed that OCPs were detected in all samples. The detection ratios of OCPs were 100%. Concentrations of HCHs and DDTs ranged from 0.09 ng x g(-1) to 11.51 ng x g(-1) and 0. 02 ng x g(-1) to 56.15 ng x g(-1), respectively. Compared with other regions, the pollution of OCPs in Qingbang Island stayed at a low level. Distribution characteristics of OCPs in halobios from Qingbang Island indicated that changes in the upwelling and fronts were the main factors that affected the distribution of OCPs. Source analysis showed that HCHs and DDTs in halobios were mainly originated from the external. In addition, OCPs residues were far below the National Food Safety Standard. The estimated daily intake of OCPs from the halobios tested was also below the acceptable daily intake(ADI) recommended by FAO/WHO, indicating little health risk in halobios consumption for local residents.

A field experiment was conducted to explore the root competitive effects of Ageratina adenophora and Setaria sphacelata, S. yunnanensis, Eupatorium fortunei, Chenopodium serotinum in monoculture and mixture, and the relative competitive abilities were evaluated. The results showed that the root length, superficial area and volume of A. adenophora in mixture were lower than in monoculture, but those of S. sphacelata were higher in mixture than in monoculture. The biomass of A. adenophora in mixture decreased by 77.1% and that of S. sphacelata increased by 80.4% compared with those in monoculture. The relative yield and competitive balance index of S. sphacelata were significantly higher than those of A. adenophora, and the relative yield was about 1.0, suggesting that the underground competitive ability of S. sphacelata was higher than A. adenophora. The root morphology of S. yunnanensis in monoculture and mixture was higher than those of A. adenophora, but the root morphology of two species in mixture was lower than in monoculture. The biomass of A. adenophora and S. yunnanensis in mixture decreased by 45.3% and 22.8% compared with those in monoculture, respectively. Competition effect parameters showed that A. adenophora was a mutual antagonism with S. yunnanensis. The root morphology of E. fortunei and A. adenophora in mixture showed no significant difference compared with that in monoculture. The biomass of A. adenophora and E. fortunei was lower than that in monoculture, respectively. Competition effect parameters showed that A. adenophora was a superior competitor. In the mixture of A. adenophora and C. serotinum, the root morphology parameters and competitive ability of A. adenophora were superior to those of C. serotinum. Above all, S. sphacelata is a preference plant material to control the A. adenophorum invasion and recover biodiversity in A. adenophorum invasion fields.

Objective: To assess the quality of life (QOL) of advanced schistosomiasis patients, and understand its influencing factors., Methods: A questionnaire survey was carried out by using WHOQOL-BREF, and the information of demography, family, illness, health status, and health service was collected., Results: Among the 217 advanced patients, the average age was (75.33 ± 6.94) years, the ratio of male to female was 2:5, 89.86% of them were farmers, 75.58% were illiterate or semi-illiterate, and 88.94% belonged to the splenomegaly type. Totally 61.29% of the cases had the scores over average for the overall QOL, but the scores for the health and well-being were lower. There were a significant difference among the average scores of different domains of QOL (χ2 = 23.46, P < 0.01). Both the year of being diagnosed and clinical classification was not associated with the scores of QOL. Regularly taking physical activities was significantly associated with each of all the 4 domains. The factors such as onset of acute disease in 2 weeks, taking therapeutic pills daily, marital status, age, etc. impacted the specific domains of QOL. The overall QOL and the 4 domains of the patients were at medium level; meanwhile, the score of physiological domain was lower than the scores of the other 3 domains., Conclusions: The QOL(s) of advanced schistosomiasis patients in Qingpu District are relatively good. It is important to provide effective community health services and encourage the patients to take part in tempered sports or physical activities in order to keep their normal activities of daily living.

Objective: To understand the survival of imported Oncomelania snails in new environments with different densities in waterway net region, Qingpu District, Shanghai., Methods: The snails collected from Guichi, Anhui Province were put into the ponds of 4 square meters and each had 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 pairs of snails, respectively. During the next 2 years, the temperature, humidity, the activities of snails and their second birth snails were investigated each day. All the data were analyzed statistically., Results: The highest number of snails appeared from May to June on the surface of soils in different densities. The average numbers of snails were 2.0%-12.7% of whole put in snails, and the numbers of offspring were less than 2% of the whole put in snails., Conclusion: The survival and reproduction of artificially imported Oncomelania snails from Guichi, Anhui Province is not good in Qingpu District, Shanghai.

Objective: To discuss clinical effects of complex acetabular fracture., Methods: From January 2005 to December 2010, totally 31 patients with complex acetabular fracture received surgery. There were 21 males and 10 females with an average age of 38.6 years old (ranged, 31 to 57). X-ray, CT, operation scheme and clinical efficiacy were retrospectively analyzed. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgery standard was used to evaluate hip joint function., Results: All patients were followed up from 12 to 36 months with an average of 17.6 months. No complications and neurovascular injury occurred. One case received total hip replacement arthroplasty. There were 17 cases obtained anatomical reduction, 12 cases got satisfied reduction and 2 cases not satisfied. According to American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgery standard, 18 cases got excellent result, good in 9 cases, fair in 3 cases and poor in 1 case., Conclusion: Complex acetabular fracture combine with lots of complications and easily had occurre postoperative complications. It can improve curative effect by accurate reduction and reliable fixation and maximize restoring function of hip joint.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Kirschner wires and tension-band fixation through posterolateral minimal incision for the treatment of displaced supracondylar humeral fractures in children., Methods: From January 2005 to December 2010, there were 62 children (38 males and 24 females, ranging in age from 2 to 14 years, averaged 6.8 years) with Gartland type III supracondylar humeral fractures. All the injuries were caused by falling, and all the fractures were fresh injuries. The duration from injury to surgery ranged from 5 to 20 hours. All the children were treated with open reduction through a posterolateral minimal approach, Kirschnere wires and tension-band fixation were fixed with plaster at 90 degrees of elbow flexion, forearm supination, and palms facing upwards. The kirschner pins and wires were removed after fractures healing. The Flynn's criterion was used to evaluate therapeutic effects., Results: The operation time ranged from 30 to 50 min (averaged 45 min). All the patients achieved solid union. Sixty patients were followed up, and the mean follow-up time was 15 months (ranged from 6 to 24 months). At the 6th month after operation, 48 patients got an excellent result, 9 good, 3 bad (light cubitus varus with varus angle about 6 degree, without infection on function) according to Flynn's criteria. There were no complications such as procedure-related pin tract infection, iatrogenic nerve and vascular injuries and myositis ossificans., Conclusion: The Kirschner wires and tension-band fixation through posterolateral minimal incision approach can obtain clearer surgical field, simple in operation, and few wound complications. Therefore, this modified treatment is an effective and reliable method for pediatric displaced Gartland type III supracondylar humeral fractures.

This study was aimed to investigate the expression of RHBDD1 gene in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and explore its clinical significance. The relative expression levels of RHBDD1 in bone marrow mononuclear cells of healthy controls and CML patients were detected by using real time PCR. The results showed that the expression level of RHBDD1 in CML patients was significantly higher than that in healthy controls. The expression level of RHBDD1 in CML patients with negative BCR/ABL p210 was remarkably higher than that in patients with positive BCR/ABL p210. In patients ≥ 50 years old RHBDD1 expression was lower than the patients < 50 years old. There were no significant relation of RHBDD1 expression with sex of patients. It is concluded that RHBDD1 gene may be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of CML, particularly reflects in the pathogenesis of the patients with negative BCR/ABL p210.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of the comprehensive protocol of integrative medicine in preventing and treating perioperative delayed cerebrovasospasm (DCVS) in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH)., Methods: Using a prospective randomized controlled trial design, 63 aSAH inpatients were assigned to the treatment group (31 cases, 24 treated by intervention treatment and 7 by craniotomy) and the control group (32 cases, 26 treated by intervention treatment and 6 by craniotomy). All patients were treated with basic therapy and nimodipine. Those in the treatment group additionally took naomai jiejing decoction No. 1 and No. 2. The incidence and the mortality of DCVS, re-bleeding, hydrocephalus were compared on the 180th day. The middle cerebral artery mean flow velocity (Vm), PI value, linde-gard index on day 1, 3, 7, and 14 were compared. The Chinese medicine syndrome score, NIHSS, and revised Rankin questionnaire on day 1, 14, and 180 were compared., Results: The DCVS occurred in 9 cases (29. 0%) of the treatment group and 17 patients (53.1%) of the control group, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05). The occurrence of re-hemorrhage was obviously lower in the treatment than in the control group (3.2% vs. 6.2%), showing statistical difference (P < 0. 05). There was no statistical difference in the mortality (6.4% vs. 9.4%) or the occurrence of hydrocephalus (29.0% vs 25.0%, P > 0.05). The Vm, PI, and linde-gard index on day 7, the Vm and linde-gard index on day 14 were obviously lower in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The Chinese medicine syndrome score and NIHSS on day 14 and 180 were lower in the treatment group than in the control group, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: The comprehensive protocol of integrative medicine could reduce the incidence of aSAH patients' DCVS, the Chinese medicine syndrome score and NIHSS, and improve their clinical symptoms.

Objective: To observe the survival and reproduction of exotic imported Oncomelania snails in water network regions., Methods: During a period between May 22, 2008 and August 7, 2009, a study pilot was established in a historical snail habitat in Qingpu District of Shanghai City. A total of 12 soil samples were collected from Qingpu, Jinshan and Songjiang districts and placed in the study area. Active marked adults snails without infections (with a female/male ratio of 1) were placed on soil surface, and the activity, survival and reproduction of snails on soil surface were observed. The temperature during the period of the study was recorded., Results: During the experiment period, the highest temperature was 39 degrees C, the lowest was -3 degrees C, and the average was 20 degrees C. The activity of snails reduced significantly on the soil surface at high temperature in summer and low temperature in winter. There were 91 old snails (5.2%) that moved on soil surface in March and 73 (12.2% ) in June, 2009. A total of 26 and 59 offspring snails were found respectively in April and June, 2009, with average density of 2.17 snails/m2 (26/12) and 4.92 snails/m2 (59/12) respectively., Conclusions: The exotic imported snails can survive and reproduce in water network regions. Further monitoring should be strengthened on the imported snails in these regions.

To unravel the relation of HLA-DRB1*15 with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 162 childhood patients with ALL were selected for this investigation. 1 000 normal umbilical cord blood samples were used as control.HLA-DRB1*15 and HLA-DRB5* were typed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. The relation of HLA-DRB1*15 with childhood ALL was studied by calculating the chi-square test and relative risk. The results showed that the antigen frequencies and allele frequencies of HLA-DRB1*15 in childhood patients with ALL were 40.12% and 22.62% respectively, while the antigen frequencies and allele frequencies of HLA-DRB1*15 in control were 30.80% and 16.81% respectively, there were significant difference between them (chi(2) = 5.560, p = 0.018, RR = 1.506). In conclusion, the antigen frequencies and allele frequencies of HLA-DRB1*15 in childhood patients with ALL were higher than those in control, so the HLA-DRB1*15 gene is one of the genetic risk factors for childhood ALL. These preliminary data may be useful for further study on the pathogenesis of childhood ALL.

Objective: To explore the effect of three-dimensional structure of dermal matrix on biological behavior of fibroblasts (Fb) in the microcosmic perspective., Methods: The three-dimensional structure of dermal tissue was analyzed by plane geometric and trigonometric function. Microdots structure array with cell adhesion effect was designed by computer-assisted design software according to the adhesive and non-adhesive components of dermal tissue. Four sizes (8 microm x 3 microm, space 6 microm; 16 microm x 3 microm, space 6 microm; 16 microm x 5 microm, space 8 microm; 20 microm x 3 microm, space 2 microm) of micropier grid used for cell culture (MPGCC) with cell-adhesive microdots, built up with micro-pattern printing and molecule self-assembly method were used to culture dermal Fb. Fb cultured with cell culture matrix without micropier grid was set up as control. The expression of skeleton protein (alpha-SMA) of Fb, cell viability and cell secretion were detected with immunohistochemistry, fluorescent immunohistochemistry, MTT test and the hydroxyproline content assay., Results: The three-dimensional structure of dermal tissue could be simulated by MPGCC as shown in arithmetic analysis. Compared with those of control group [(12 +/- 3)% and (0.53 +/- 0.03) microg/mg, (0.35 +/- 0.04)], the expression of alpha-SMA [(49 +/- 3)%, (61 +/- 3)%, (47 +/- 4)%, (51 +/- 3)%] and the content of hydroxyproline [(0.95 +/- 0.04), (0.87 +/- 0.03), (0.81 +/- 0.03), (0.77 +/- 0.03) microg/mg] were increased significantly (P < 0.05), the cell viability of Fb (0.12 +/- 0.03, 0.13 +/- 0.04, 0.14 +/- 0.03, 0.19 +/- 0.03) cultured in MPGCC was decreased significantly (P < 0.05). When the parameters of micropier grid were changed, the expression of alpha-SMA, the cell viability and the content of hydroxyproline of Fb cultured in four sizes of MPGCC were also significantly changed as compared with one another (P < 0.05)., Conclusions: MPGCC may be the basic functional unit of dermal template, or unit of dermal template to call. Different three-dimensional circumstances for dermal tissue can result in different template effect and wound healing condition.

Objective: To explore the effect of long-term enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) on morphological damage of endomembrane and endothelium-dependent vasodilatation of the carotid arteries of hypercholesterolemic pigs., Methods: Eighteen male infant pigs were randomly divided into three groups according to the contents of their diet: the normal control group (n=6), the high-cholesterol feeding control group (n=6) and EECP group (n=6). Porcine model of hypercholesterolemia was reproduced by feeding animals with high-cholesterol diet. After completion of EECP treatment for 36 hours in EECP group, carotid arterial rings were harvested from all animals. Both scanning and transmission electron microscopy was employed to observe the changes in morphology of their endomembrane. At the same time, their vasodilatation response to variant dose of acetylcholine (Ach) was detected., Results: The surface of endothelium in the normal control group was smooth, and endothelial cells were in regular streamline array, and they were almost in same size, attaching closely to matrix without smooth muscle cell proliferation and lipid infiltration in intima. In contrast, the endothelial cells of hypercholesterolemic pigs were in irregular array, with marked desquamation, resulting in loose linkage. Smooth muscle cells were found to invade into intimal layer and proliferated, and foam cells could also be found in intimal layer. In hypercholesterolemic pigs treated with EECP, slight intimal damage was found. In addition, with Ach dose of 10(-8) mol/L to 10(-5)mol/L, endothelium-dependent vasodilatation ratio in hypercholesterolemic pigs with or without EECP treatment, was significantly lower than that of the normal control group (all P<0.05). However, endothelium-dependent vasodilatation ratio in pigs with EECP treatment was obviously higher compared with hypercholesterolemic pigs without EECP treatment with the dosage of Ach concentration ranged from 10(-7) mol/L to 10(-5) mol/L (all P<0.05)., Conclusion: Long-term EECP ameliorates both the morphological damage and the impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation function resulting from hypercholesterolemia, contributing to prevention of atherosclerosis.

Objective: To investigate the effect of chronic enhanced external counterpulastion (EECP) on gene expression profiles of arterial endothelial cells (ECs) of pigs fed with high-cholesterol diet., Methods: Eight male pigs were fed with high-cholesterol diet for 12 weeks to induce arteriosclerosis and subjected to EECP for accumulative 36 h (2 h every other day for 18 sessions). Another 8 pigs on cholesterol-enriched diet and 6 normally fed pigs served as the arteriosclerosis model group and normal control group, respectively, and the high-cholesterol diet was maintained until the end of EECP treatment. The coronary artery was then isolated for transmission electro microscopy, and the abdominal aorta was observed using Sudan III staining. The gene expression profiles in ECs from the thoracic aorta using cDNA microarrays., Results: Macrophages and foam cells were detected beneath the ECs in the coronary artery of pigs in the model group, but not in the other two groups. The ratios of Sudan III-positive area in the celiac aorta were significantly lower in normal control and EECP groups than in the model control group (P<0.05). Compared with the normal control group, the gene expressions of integrins-beta1 and CTGF were up-regulated in the model group. Compared with the model group, the expressions of integrins-beta1, CTGF and VCAM-1 were down-regulated and eNOS up-regulated in EECP group., Conclusion: Chronic EECP may reduce endothelial injury, down-regulate the gene expression level of integrin-beta1, CTGF and VCAM-1, lower cholesterol uptake and attenuate arterial endothelial inflammation to protect the pigs fed with high-cholesterol diet from arteriosclerosis.

Alien species invasion is one of the most important drivers of worldwide environmental change, which may result in environmental degradation, biodiversity loss, and food and water shortage. It may also increase the possibility and severity of natural disasters, and damage international trade and benefits. In last two decades, DNA-based molecular markers were widely used to detect the genetic diversity of invaded alien species. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) is a microsatellite-based technique, with the superiorities of simple, quick, reliable, and generating higher levels of DNA polymorphism, and being used as a new molecular marker for genetic study. This paper introduced the principles, characteristics and procedures of ISSR, and summarized its applications in studying the genetic structure, genetic diversity, origin, distribution mode, phylogenesis, and breeding features of invasive plants.

Crofton weed, Ageratina adenophora,a troublesome weed in the world,is an invasive organism in China. Genetic diversity of thirty-two Chinese populations of A. adenophora from different areas was analyzed with the inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) technique. It indicated that its genetic diversity was rich. Nei's gene diversity and Shannon's information index were 0.235 and 0.372 at species level respectively. Genetic variation of Crofton weed mainly existed in the population, and about 34.5% of the total variance was attributable to population divergence and 65.5% to individual differences within populations. The Mantel Z-statistic test showed that the genetic distance between populations generally increased with geographic distance (r=0.542,p< 0.001),which indicated that isolation by distance is one of the blocks of gene flow of A. adenophora. Genetic diversity level of Crofton weed had the trend to decrease along with the increased altitude (r=0.368,P<0.001), and the mean of Nei's gene diversity and Shannon's diversity indices both decreased with the increased altitude.

Objective: Human umbilical cord blood contains abundant immature stem/progenitor cells, which may contribute to the repair of infarcted myocardium. Present study aimed to explore the feasibility and effects of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (HUCBC) transplantation for the treatment of myocardial infarction., Methods: Forty-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: (1) Myocardial infarction (MI plus vehicle, n = 15), (2) MI plus cell transplantation (HUCBC were implanted into the peri-infarct area immediately after MI, n = 15), (3) Normal control group (n = 15). After echocardiography and hemodynamic measurements, the rats were sacrificed for histological and immunochemical examinations one month post MI., Results: The transplanted HUCBC survived and participated the repair process in host heart. Significantly improved left ventricular function was evidenced by echocardiography in cell transplantation group compared to the MI control group. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was significantly reduced LVEDP (21.08 +/- 8.10) vs (30.82 +/- 9.59) mm Hg, P < 0.05], +dp/dt(max) [(4.29 +/- 1.27) vs (3.24 +/- 0.75) mm Hg/ms, P < 0.05] and -dp/dt(max) increased [(3.71 +/- 0.79) vs (3.00 +/- 0.49) mm Hg/ms, P < 0.05] in cell transplantation rats compared with MI control rats. vWF immunostaining examination showed significantly increased microvessels within the boundary of infarcted myocardium in cell transplantation group compared to the MI control group (P < 0.01)., Conclusions: HUCBC transplantation may improve cardiac function in MI rats by promoting microvessel formation.

Objective: To study the effects of enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) on the vascular morphology, and endothelial function using experimentally induced hypercholesterolemic pigs., Methods: Thirty five male pigs were randomly divided into three groups: 7 normal control animals, 11 hypercholesterolemic animals, and 17 hypercholesterolemic animals receiving EECP. Serum cholesterol was measured. The coronary arteries and aortas were sampled for histopathologic and ultrastructural examination. The NF-kappaB protein expression of porcine coronary arteries was investigated by immunofluorescence., Results: Compared with the normal controls, serum cholesterol levels were significantly higher in the hypercholesterolemic animals with or without EECP. The plaque/intimal area ratio of the aorta decreased significantly in animals receiving EECP [(3.33 +/- 2.40)%, versus (12.03 +/- 7.12)% in those without EECP, P < 0.05]. Lipid deposition, endothelial damage and proliferation of smooth muscle cells were less severe in animals receiving EECP than those not. Moreover, activation and expression of NF-kappaB also decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in animals receiving EECP., Conclusions: EECP improves the morphology and function of vascular endothelium, and retards the development and progression of atherosclerosis, likely through the inhibition of NF-kappaB signaling pathway.

Larva and adult of Phthirus pubis were dehydrated and transparentized. Photos were taken separately and synthesized to integrated photograph with computer for morphological observation and measurement.

To study the genetic polymorphism of Penta E locus in four Chinese nationalities using home made reagent kits, DNA samples were obtained from about 400 unrelated peoples of four different Chinese nationalities. As a result, we found 20 alleles in the four nationalities with frequencies ranging from 0.0048 to 0.2396. The genotype frequencies of Penta E locus met Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. It proved that Penta E locus was a high polymorphic STR genetic marker and was valuable for forensic science.

Biochip technology will bring a tremendous revolution to life science and medical research in 21 century. Microarray assays represent an essential technical advance in biomedical research. Recently, the demand for microarray assay technology has spring up. Therefore, low cost and flexible techniques are needed to meet specific requirements for increasingly integrated biochips. Also performance must be improved in terms of speed and sensitivity. To this end, promising approaches, mainly based on micro and nanotechnologies, have been developed. In this paper, the design and microfabrication of a novel type of micro-cantilever probe are introduced. These probes were fabricated using silicon dioxide by Micro-electromechanical System (MEMS) techniques, and they featured one micron split gap, microchannels and self-replenishing reservoirs. All fabricated micro-cantilever probe were tested on Nanoarrayer instrumentation. Cy3-streptavidin was loaded as biological sample and patterned on DSU gold surface. Results showed these probes were capable of generating high quality biological arrays with routine spot sizes of 2 - 3 microns and could deposit at least three thousand spots without reloading. The spot size could potentially achieve sub-micron when probe size was further shrunk down by the high-resolution lithography technique or more precise microfabrication technologies, such as E-beam lithography. To further improve sample loading efficiency, it is needed to modify the cantilever surface in order to better confine sample inside the microchannel and reservoir, which will be researched in the future.

Objective: To screen tumor-specific genes of K562 cells using DNA microarray technique., Methods: The genomic DNA of normal white blood cells and cultured K562 cells were respectively purified and digested with Sau3A I, and the digested DNA fragments of K562 cells were cloned into TA cloning vector to construct the corresponding genomic DNA library. The insert genomic DNA fragments were amplified from the library to prepare the microarray using Cartesian 5500 Microarrayer. The digested genomic DNA fragments of normal white blood cells were labeled with fluorescent Cy3 by restriction display PCR (RD-PCR), followed by hybridization with the microarray, after which the slide was washed and scanned with ScanArray., Results: Among the 426 target genes, 42 differential genes were identified in the genomic DNA of K562 cells in comparison with the normal white blood cells. One of the genes was identified as the breakpoint cluster gene (BCR) after sequence analysis., Conclusions: The DNA microarrays we constructed may effectively identify the tumor-specific genes in K562 cells, and DNA microarray technique can be helpful in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis at the genomic level.

Objective: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA was detected from infants whose mothers were negative for all HBV markers and the fathers were HBV carrier, the homology of HBV sequence of fathers and fetus was high, and HBV mutations concentrated on some points, and the transmission of HBV from father to fetus was also identified in some reports. The present study aimed to study HBV transmission from father to infant., Methods: The study enrolled 16 pairs of fathers who were HBV carriers and infants whose mothers were negative for HBV markers. The infants had evidences for intrauterine HBV infection. The five HBV serum markers HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBe, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc were detected with ELISA. The positive results for HBsAg and/or HBeAg were regarded as markers of HBV infection. Amplification of HBV DNA was done using a nested PCR method. The first amplification was carried out using primer C1 (nt 2394-2370), and primer C3 (nt 1730-1754). The second amplification was carried out using primer C2 (nt 1955-1974) and primer C6 (nt 2348-2330). Both primers were designed to amplify the part of sequence coding for the hepatitis B C antigen. The size of the amplified fragment obtained by the nested PCR was expected to be 394 bp. The PCR products were electrophoresed on 1.5% agarose gels, which were then stained with ethidium bromide and observed with ultraviolet transillumination. When 394 bp specific band was detectable, the sample was designated positive. Then the positive samples were identified by dot blot. The second PCR products were extracted by phenol-chloroform and 70% ethanol precipitation, then resuspended in TE buffer (pH8.0), and used as the template for cloning. The template was connected into pGEM-T vector by ligase. The ligated products were cloned into fresh competent JM109 cells, and incubated for 90 minutes at 37 degrees C on roller drum. Finally several dilutions were plated on plates containing ampicillin, X-Gal and IPTG, and incubated at 37 degrees C overnight. The white colony on plates was used for identification by the nested PCR with the above primers. When the 394 bp band was detectable by electrophoresis of PCR products in 1.5% agarose gels, the colony was designated positive; a positive colony was incubated in LB medium for 8 to 12 hrs, then plasmid was extracted using the Wizard Plus SV Minipreps DNA Purification System Kit (Promega). The purified plasmid was sent to Beijing Saibaisheng Company for sequencing. The homology of HBV C nt 2022-2301 sequence was compared between fathers and infants., Results: The homology of HBV C nt 2022-2301 sequence were 99% - 100% in 16 pairs of fathers and infants. The results were referred to the published sequence of HBV adw/adr clones, and the nucleic acid databases were searched for homology by using BLAST tool on Internet. HBV of the sixteen pairs of father/infant was closely related to the Japan strain (Genebank accession number AF121249), but there were still 17 more mutations at nucleotide positions 2029, 2034, 2044, 2059, 2078, 2095, 2104, 2154, 2161, 2169, 2189, 2201, 2233, 2251, 2284, 2288, 2293. Moreover the mutations at positions 2189, 2288 resulted in the substitution of the encoded amino acid (corresponding to amino acid positions 97 and 130, respectively), the other mutations at the position were nonphenotypic. The mutation of 2189, 2288 nucleotide of HBV C gene caused 97, 130 amino acid substitution for isoleucine to leucine and proline to threonine. The mutation of 2189, 2288 nucleotide of HBV C gene were detected in 6 (37.5%) of 16 pairs of fathers and infants., Conclusion: The HBV transmission from father to infants did exist. The main HBV C gene mutation strains also existed in the transmission.

Objective: To study HBV transmission from father to infants, the study was carried out., Methods: The study contained 16 pairs of fathers who was HBV carriers, and infants whose mothers wasn't HBV carriers. The infants infected HBV in womb. The homogenous of HBV S gene were compared between fathers and infants, meanwhile HBV gene phylogenetic tree were analyzed., Results: The genotype of 16 pairs fathers and infants were HBV adw. The homogenous of HBV S gene were 98% approximately 100%. The mutation of 488, 491, 494, 530, 531, 546, 581, 621 nucleotide of HBV S gene caused in 112, 113, 114, 126, 131, 143, 156 amino acid substitution. The mutation of 126 amino acid from Threonine to Alanine didn't existed in the gene bank. The sequence was difference from gene classification., Conclusion: The homogenous of HBV S gene of fathers and infants was very high. The HBV gene characteristic in China was difference from gene bank.