Search

With the development of environmental and health research, the relationship between pollutants exposure and human health effects has become an important research field in recent years. The analysis of metabolome and exposome is of great significance in the studies of environmental risk and health effect. Both metabolomics and exposomics require to deeply analyze the characterization of small molecule metabolites and exogenous compounds in living organisms. Due to the diversity of physicochemical properties of metabolites and xenobiotics and the complexity of sample matrix, their comprehensive analysis and characterization are still a great challenge. Mass spectrometry (MS) has powerful qualitative and quantitative capabilities, but it still lacks sensitivity and specificity for some analytes. Chemical derivatization can introduce pre-designed and synthesized chemical groups through chemical labeling reaction, which can significantly change the molecular physicochemical properties of analytes, so as to improve the analytical effect. Although the use of isotope internal standard (ISs) can effectively correct the results of mass spectrometry, ISs have the disadvantages of difficult to synthesize and expensive, and can be purchased in extremely limited types and amounts. To solve the above problems, chemical isotope labeling (CIL) technique has been developed and applied to MS based metabolome and exposome analysis. Chemical isotope labeling based mass spectrometry (CIL-MS) is one of the important solutions for comprehensive analysis of metabolome or exposome. In its workflow, biological samples are derivatized using CIL reagents that target specific chemical functional groups. Metabolites or xenobiotics containing corresponding targeted functional groups react with CIL reagents to produce labeled products. CIL-MS can not only improve sensitivity, but also has advantages of specificity, accuracy, omics coverage and analytical throughput. In recent years, CIL-MS technique has been increasingly used for targeted or non-targeted analysis of metabolites and exposure biomarkers about environment and health. The entire metabolome or exposome can be divided into several subgroups based on the chemical functional groups of the analytes, including amino, carboxyl, carbonyl, hydroxyl, sulfhydryl, etc., and then LC-MS or other MS analytical method based on CIL technique is performed for each subgroup. The analysis results of each subgroup can be combined to obtain a nearly complete overall profile of metabolome or exposome. This review focused on recent progresses of CIL techniques and MS analytical methods for the analysis of amino, carboxyl, carbonyl, hydroxyl and sulfhydryl containing metabolites/xenobiotics, and the related environment risk and health effects in the last 3 years. Meanwhile, the advantages, latest development trends and disadvantages of CIL technique in MS analysis were summarized, and the future development trends of MS based CIL technique were prospected.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of 18F⁃S16 PET imaging in brain tissue of patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and the correlation between tau protein deposition and glucose metabolism pattern. Methods A total of 12 bvFTD patients and 10 controls with normal cognitive function treated in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from January 2020 to October 2021 were included, and all of them underwent 18F⁃S16 PET and 18F⁃FDG PET. The difference of 18F⁃S16 and 18F⁃FDG uptake between bvFTD group and control group was compared by voxel⁃based analysis (VBA). The 18F⁃S16 and 18F⁃FDG standard uptake value rate (SUVR) of 2 groups were compared by semi⁃quantitative analysis. The 18F⁃S16 uptake rate of 2 groups was observed by visual analysis. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the whole⁃brain spatial correlation of 18F⁃S16 and 18F⁃FDG tracers and the correlation of uptake levels in each region of interest (ROI). Results VBA method showed the uptake of 18F⁃S16 increased in the right superior frontal gyrus, bilateral middle frontal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus, bilateral anterior central gyrus, bilateral middle temporal gyrus, right inferior temporal gyrus, right posterior central gyrus and left inferior parietal lobule in bvFTD patients (P＜0.01, for all, FEW correction, pixel threshold=50). The uptake of 18F⁃FDG in bilateral superior frontal gyrus, bilateral middle frontal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus and right insula decreased in bvFTD patients (P=0.000, for all, FWE correction, pixel threshold=50). The overlaps were mainly located in the right superior frontal gyrus, bilateral middle frontal gyrus and right inferior frontal gyrus. Semi⁃quantitative analysis showed the SUVR value of tau protein in bilateral frontal lobe (P=0.000), parietal lobe (P=0.015) and precuneus (P=0.000) in bvFTD group was higher than that in control group, and the SUVR value of glucose in bilateral frontal lobe was lower than that in control group (P=0.002). Pearson correlation analysis showed the whole⁃brain spatial correlation between 18F⁃S16 and 18F⁃FDG was weak in bvFTD patients (r=0.050, P=0.000). In bvFTD patients, only bilateral frontal tau SUVR was negatively correlated with glucose SUVR (r=⁃0.702, P=0.011). Visual analysis of 18F⁃S16 PET showed increased uptake in bilateral frontal, parietal, precuneus, and hippocampus in bvFTD patients. Conclusions 18F⁃S16 PET can reflect the characteristic of tau protein deposition and its correlation with glucose metabolic pattern in bvFTD patients.

In order to investigate the fracturing process of coal subjected to cyclic loading, the mechanical properties and the acoustic emission characteristics of coal samples were analyzed using MTS815 mechanical testing machine and acoustic emission instruments. The results show that under different stress levels, the elastic modulus of coal presents a rapid increase, then slow increase and finally sharp decrease trend. Poisson’s ratio and irreversible strain show a three-stage trend, namely, a first slow increase, subsequently gradual increase and finally a significant increase. Low, medium and high frequency characteristic signals accounted for 77.41%, 6.18% and 16.41%, respectively. Among them, low frequency and high amplitude energy signal is the main characteristic signal to induce macroscopic fracture of coal sample. Microtensile crack and shear crack accounted for 37.9% and 62.1%, respectively. Finally, the damage factors defined based on the load-unloading response ratio can better characterize the damage evolution process at different loading stages.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of 18F-S16 PET imaging in brain tissue of patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and the correlation between tau protein deposition and glucose metabolism pattern. Methods A total of 12 bvFTD patients and 10 controls with normal cognitive function treated in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from January 2020 to October 2021 were included, and all of them underwent 18F-S16 PET and 18F-FDG PET. The difference of 18F-S16 and 18F-FDG uptake between bvFTD group and control group was compared by voxel-based analysis (VBA). The 18F-S16 and 18F-FDG standard uptake value rate (SUVR) of 2 groups were compared by semi- quantitative analysis. The 18F - S16 uptake rate of 2 groups was observed by visual analysis. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the whole-brain spatial correlation of 18F-S16 and 18F-FDG tracers and the correlation of uptake levels in each region of interest (ROI). Results VBA method showed the uptake of 18F-S16 increased in the right superior frontal gyrus, bilateral middle frontal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus, bilateral anterior central gyrus, bilateral middle temporal gyrus, right inferior temporal gyrus, right posterior central gyrus and left inferior parietal lobule in bvFTD patients (P < 0.01, for all, FWE correction, pixel threshold = 50). The uptake of 18F-FDG in bilateral superior frontal gyrus, bilateral middle frontal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus and right insula decreased in bvFTD patients (P = 0.000, for all, FWE correction, pixel threshold = 50). The overlaps were mainly located in the right superior frontal gyrus, bilateral middle frontal gyrus and right inferior frontal gyrus. Semi - quantitative analysis showed the SUVR value of tau protein in bilateral frontal lobe (P = 0.000), parietal lobe (P = 0.015) and precuneus (P = 0.000) in bvFTD group was higher than that in control group, and the SUVR value of glucose in bilateral frontal lobe was lower than that in control group (P = 0.002). Pearson correlation analysis showed the whole-brain spatial correlation between 18F-S16 and 18F-FDG was weak in bvFTD patients (r = 0.050, P = 0.000). In bvFTD patients, only bilateral frontal tau SUVR was negatively correlated with glucose SUVR (r = - 0.702, P = 0.011). Visual analysis of 18F-S16 PET showed increased uptake in bilateral frontal, parietal, precuneus, and hippocampus in bvFTD patients. Conclusions 18F-S16 PET can reflect the characteristic of tau protein deposition and its correlation with glucose metabolic pattern in bvFTD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, the mainstream radar sensors are difficult to meet the demands of the light-weighted and small unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), which usually need high cost of data acquisition and complicate models of algorithm. A highly integrated, lightweight and reliable radar system is deigned, which can be carried on the light-weighted and small UAV. Based on this system, a novel method has been developed for vegetation height information inversion. The inversion algorithm suppress the direct coupled wave by two-dimensional filtering, settle the unstable selection of principle component by the adaptive principle component analysis denoting method with residual image entropy, further enhance the target signal by the back-projection algorithm based on cross-correlation information and finally extract the vegetation height by implementing Sobel operator. The experiment results show that the correlation between the vegetation height derived from the proposed method and the verified data is 0. 92, and the root mean square error is 1. 28 m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BPH is a common and frequently-occurring disease of the urinary system. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is the most common mutation in the genome and has an impact on the pathogenesis, progression and prognosis of BPH in different populations. We reviewed the published literature on BPH-related SNPs, expounded the roles of different SNPs in the development and progression of BPH, and summarized the current status and existing problems in the related studies and the prospects of its clinical application.

To investigate the exposure to major air pollutants of runners while running in Beijing, the concentrations of PM 2.5 , CO, O 3 , and NO 2 were constantly monitored at typical park running areas (Tiantan Park and Olympic Sports Center), roadside running areas (Qianmen East Street and Yongding Inner Street), and a background area (Dinglin) during April, June, and October of 2016 and in January 2017. The concentration variation characteristics for the pollutants in different areas and at different times were analyzed. Using a numerical model of human respiratory exposure, 102 joggers were studied, as was the temporal-spatial variation of inhalation dose of pollutants. At typical running areas, the concentrations of CO, NO 2 , and PM 2.5 were relatively higher in winter, whereas the concentrations of O 3 were higher in spring and summer. The concentrations of CO, NO 2, and PM 2.5 were lower in the afternoon (16:00-18:00), whereas the concentrations of O 3 were lower in the morning (06:00-08:00) and evening (18:00-20:00). There was a linear correlation between concentrations roadside to those in nearby parks, as the concentrations of CO roadside were generally consistent with those in parks ( c road / c park =1.01, R 2 =0.93), the concentrations of NO 2 and PM 2.5 roadside were higher than those in parks ( c road / c park were 0.56 and 1.19, respectively), and the concentrations of O 3 roadside were lower than those in parks ( c road / c park =0.74, R 2 =0.97). During moderate or higher pollution conditions, 92% of joggers halted outdoor activities, 62.7% chose to jog in parks, 66.7% chose to jog at night, and 64.7% of joggers had single run mileages of 10-20 km. When people chose to jog in the afternoon and evening, the inhalation of CO, NO 2 , and PM 2.5 were relatively lower, whereas the inhalation of O 3 was higher. During spring and summer, night running after 20:00 reduced the O 3 inhalation dose. Running roadside led to higher inhalation of CO, NO 2 , and PM 2.5 than that in parks; however, O 3 inhalation was lower.

BRG1 (Brahma-related gene 1, BRG1) is the ATPase subunit of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes, which plays an important role in cell cycle regulation, DNA repair and tumor development. Unlike the evidence as tumor suppressor genes in the past reports, latest researches show that BRG1 plays an important role in sustaining the growth of leukemia cells in acute myeloid leukemia, and these effects on normal hematopoietic stem cells are dispensable. Further studies of the role and mechanism of BRG1 in acute myeloid leukemia will contribute to the development of a new and promising targeted therapy strategy. This article reviews the role of BRG1 on leukemia cells and leukemia stem cells in AML and discusses the related mechanism, which providing some reference for the targeted treatment strategy of AML.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of transplanting iliac bone flap with deep iliac circumflex vessels and cancellous bone for the treatment of adult avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH)., Methods: A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 685 patients (803 hips) with ANFH, who underwent iliac bone flap transplantation with deep iliac circumflex vessels and cancellous bone between March 2002 and January 2010. There were 489 males (580 hips) and 196 females (223 hips) with a mean age of 40.4 years (range, 18-63 years), including 567 unilateral cases (303 left hips and 264 right hips) and 118 bilateral cases. The causes of ANFH included alcohol-induced in 223 cases, steroid-induced in 179 cases, alcohol + steroid-induced in 21 cases, traumatic in 136 cases, acetabular dysplasia in 8 cases, bone cyst in 5 cases, septic arthritis in 2 cases, joint tuberculosis in 3 cases, rheumatoid arthritis in 5 cases, and idiopathic in 103 cases. According to Steinberg staging, 211 hips were rated as stage II, 513 hips as stage III, and 79 hips as stage IV. The preoperative Harris hip score was 60.30 +/- 7.02., Results: Fat necrosis occurred in 2 cases after operation, primary healing of incision was obtained in the other cases; delayed infection, lower extremity deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism occurred in 2 cases, respectively. All patients were followed up 36-60 months (mean, 49 months). Harris hip score at last follow-up (83.50 +/- 7.31) was significantly higher than that at preoperation (t= -2 266.980, P=0.000), and the scores were significantly higher than those at preoperation in different stages (P < 0.05). The results were excellent in 523 hips, good in 185 hips, fair in 65 hips, and poor in 30 hips, and the excellent and good rate was 88.2%. X-ray examination showed bone fusion of transplanted bone flap and bone graft with an average of 4.2 months (range, 3-6 months); according to Steinberg staging, imaging stable rate was 78.3% (629/803) at last follow-up., Conclusion: Iliac bone flap transplantion with deep iliac circumflex vessels and cancellous bone has the advantages of complete decompression of the femoral head, exact flap blood supply, improved blood supply of the femoral head, new support for the femoral head, and participation of osteoinductive effect for the treatment of adult ANFH, so it is an effective treatment for the retention of the femoral head.

Objective: The clinical manifestations and the imaging features in (18)F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography ((18)F-FDG PET) of extrapulmonary tuberculosis were not specific and therefore it was difficult to be differentiated from malignancy. This paper tried to analyze the clinical characteristics and findings by (18)F-FDG PET-CT in extrapulmonary tuberculosis, in order to improve the diagnosis of this disease., Methods: Thirty-nine patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis underwent (18)F-FDG PET-CT imaging from 2003 - 2011. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination in all the cases. There were 11 males and 28 females, aging 20 - 67 (60 ± 18) years. A past history of tuberculosis was collected in 5 cases. The PET images were reviewed visually and scored semi-quantitatively with standardized uptake value. The lesions were judged by PET imaging features in conjunction with CT slices and the fused images., Results: Fever was present in 13 cases, and night sweating, weakness and malaise in 17 cases. Pleural effusion was found in 7 cases. Abdominal distention and masses were found in 6 cases, while neck mass was present in 2 cases. Laboratory tests showed that hypoalbuminemia, sedimentation rate increase and positive tuberculin tests were present in 15 cases. CA125 was increased in 3 cases. In PET-CT, lymph node tuberculosis manifested as single or multiple enlarged lymph nodes coalesced and calcified with significant FDG uptake, but ring-like FDG-avidity was also found in some of the lymph nodes. Pleural or peritoneal tuberculosis showed heterogeneous or nodular thickening and in a radio-tracer distribution. Bone tuberculosis manifested as osteolytic osseous destruction and paravertebral cold abscess, while focal radio-agent ring-like intense uptake was present in half the cases. In patients with intestinal tuberculosis, ileocecal circumferential or eccentric thickening was observed, with focal or diffuse high FDG activity. Tuberculosis in adrenal gland, liver, and oviducts all showed lesions with high FDG uptake., Conclusions: (18)F-FDG PET-CT was helpful for the differential diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis from malignancy. Osseous and lymph node tuberculosis showed ring-like FDG uptake, which maybe of diagnostic value.

Objective: To analyze the clinical data and pre-operative examination results of frontal lobe epilepsy and combine with intra-operative intracranial electrical record in order to localize epileptic foci and to direct surgical therapy., Methods: Preoperative EEG record and MRI scan were performed in 23 patients with refractory frontal lobe epilepsy. Among them, 17 patients received interictal 18F-FDG-PET-CT, 11 received MEG examination, 2 received functional MRI, 10 received surgical operation and intra-operative intracranial electrical record., Results: The positive predictive value of clinical features of epileptic seizure, interictal EEG, ictal EEG, MRI and PET-CT were 56.52%, 56.52%, 60.87%, 54.55% and 94.12% respectively. Their consistent results helped to confirm the epileptogenic zone. MEG was more accurate than EEG. ECoE and VEEG monitoring was significant for operative guidance., Conclusion: A series of examinations is necessary for the diagnosis of epileptogenic zone of frontal lobe epilepsy. The surgical outcome is related to the accuracy of epileptic foci localization and the removal of epileptogenic zone.

Objective: To identify the disease-causing gene mutations and to reveal the relationship between the genotype and the phenotype in Chinese patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)., Methods: One hundred unrelated patients with HCM and 120 controls were enrolled in this study. The full encoding exons and flanking sequences of the cardiac myosin binding protein C gene (MYBPC3) were amplified with PCR and the products were sequenced., Results: A novel missense mutation c.706T > C was identified in exon 6 of MYBPC3 gene in three HCM patients, which resulted a Serine (S) to Glycine (G) exchange at amino acid residue 236 (S236G). The clinical phenotypes of the three patients were different (2 obstructive HCM, 1 non-obstructive HCM). The 120 controls were normal in the genetic test., Conclusions: The novel S236G mutation in MYBPC3 gene was a hot-spot mutation in Chinese patients with HCM.

To investigate the genotype-phenotype correlation in Chinese familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), peripheral blood samples were collected from 7 members of a Chinese HCM family, and 120 normal subjects were recruited as control. The full encoding exons and flanking sequences of the cardiac troponin T (TNNT2) gene, beta-myosin heavy chain (MYH7) gene and myosin binding protein C (MYBPC3) gene were amplified and the products were sequenced directly to detect the mutations. A missense mutation, c.1273G>A, was identified in exon 14 of the MYH7 gene in 4 members of the Chinese HCM family, which resulted a glycine (Gly) to arginine (Arg) exchange at amino acid residue 425. The 425th glycine amino acid residue is highly conservative across the different species. The clinical phenotypes among the family members who carried this mutation presented significant individual differences. The c.1273G>A mutation of the MYH7 gene might be the causal mutation of the familial HCM. The heterogeneity of phenotypes suggested that multiple factors may be involved in the pathogenesis of HCM.

Aim: To explore the expression of Toll-like receptor 8(TLR8)in rheumatoid arthritis induced by chicken II collogen in mice and analyze the relation of TLR8 to IL-10, IL-17A and IL-1beta., Methods: Twelve DBA/1J mice were randomly divided into model group(T) and negative group(NC). The paw swelling was seen at the day of 27 post the first immunization with chicken II collogen. The serum TNF-alpha was detected by ELISA and inflammatory cell infiltration was examined by HE. Real-time PCR was used to analysis the expression of IL-10, IL-17A, IL-1beta and TLR8 in spleen mononuclear cells., Results: Severe inflammation was detected in model group mice by histological analysis, which was not seen in negative group. The serum TNF-alpha in model group was enhanced compared with that in negative group(P<0.01). The expression levels of IL-10, IL-17A, TLR8 and IL-1beta in spleen mononuclear cells from model group were increased compared with those from negative group(P<0.01, P<0.05). Statistical analysis showed that there was negative correlation between the expression of TLR8 and IL-10(P<0.01), and there was no correlation between the expression of TLR8 and IL-17A or IL-1beta(P>0.05)., Conclusion: The expression of TLR8 was increased in rheumatoid arthritis-mice induced by chicken II collogen, and there was negative correlation between the expression of TLR8 and the expression of IL-10.

Objective: To evaluate the value of (18)F-FDG and (11)C-MET PET-CT scan in differentiation of brain ringlike-enhanced lesions on MRI imaging., Methods: Forty-one brain ringlike-enhanced lesions on MRI imaging including 30 brain tumors and 11 non-neoplastic lesions confirmed pathologically or clinically underwent (18)F-FDG and (11)C-MET PET-CT brain scan. Among them, 15 patients who were suspected to have brain metastasis received body scan by (18)F-FDG PET-CT. Both images were analyzed visually and semi-quantitatively., Results: Visual analysis: for brain tumors the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of (18)F-FDG PET-CT was 53.3%, 72.7%, 58.5%, versus 96.7%, 90.9%, 95.1% of (11)C-MET PET-CT, respectively. All the primary foci in 9 patients with brain metastases were detected by body (18)F-FDG PET-CT scan. Semiquantitative analysis: There was a significant difference in the uptake between highly differentiated malignant and poorly differentiated tumors as well as non-neoplastic lesions for both tracers (P < 0.01), while between low-grade malignant tumors and non-neoplasm lesions, there was a difference in uptake only by (11)C-MET (P < 0.01). No significant difference between the uptakes in brain metastasis and glioblastomas was found by both tracers (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: Both (18)F-FDG and (11)C-MET PET-CT are useful in differentiation of brain ringlike-enhanced lesions on MRI imaging. (11)C-MET PET-CT is more helpful than (18)F-FDG PET-CT in differential diagnosis of low-grade neoplastic from non-neoplastic lesions. Combination of (18)F-FDG and (11)C-MET PET-CT scans can improve the accuracy of differential diagnosis for brain ringlike-enhanced lesions on MRI imaging.

Objective: To assess the regional cerebral glucose utilization and the imaging characteristic of Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD) with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)., Methods: Questionnaire survey, mini-mental state examination (MMSE), physical examination, and FDG PET on brain at rest state were performed on 20 patients with PDD, 13 males and 7 females, aged (70 +/- 6), and sex- and age-matched 8 patients with non-demented PD, and 30 healthy parsons. Visual inspection and statistical parametric mapping (SPM) were used to investigate the regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (rCMRglc) and the distribution of the tracer., Results: The MMSE score of the PDD group was (27.5 +/- 2.4), (10 - 24), significantly lower than those of the non-PDD group [(27.5 +/- 2.4) (22 - 30)] and control group [(27.9 +/- 2.2) (21 - 30)] (F = 60.31, P = 0.000). There were no significant differences in Hoehn-Yahr staging and disease courses between the two PD groups (P > 0.05). Visual inspection showed that there were no significant focal hypometabolic areas in the imaging of the non-demented PD patients, while compared to the controls, the rCMRglc levels of the PDD patients decreased in bilateral superior parietal lobules (BA 7), inferior parietal lobules (BA 40, 39), superior frontal gyri (BA 6), middle frontal gyri (BA 6, 8, 9), middle temporal gyri (BA 21), cuneate lobes (BA 17, 18, 19), cingulate cortices (BA 31), lingual gyri (BA 19) basal ganglia, and thalamus. According to the severity of memory impairment and the onset of hallucination, the subtype of PDD was classified into memory impairment dominant group (MD) and hallucination dominant group (HD). The rCMRglc of MD subgroup decreased significantly in the parietotemporal association cortex, especially in the precuneus lobe. The rCMRglc of the HD subgroup decreased significantly in the occipital cortex. There were no significant differences in MMSE score and Hoehn-Yahr staging between the MD and HD groups (both P > 0.05), while the age of the HD subgroup was significantly lower, and the disease duration of the HD subgroup was significantly longer than those toe MD group (both P < 0.05)., Conclusions: (18)F-FDG/PET imaging is helpful to the diagnosis of PDD and may help investigate the potential pathophysiology of PDD.

Objective: To observe effects of combination of different points on glucose metabolism in the patient of cerebral infarction., Methods: Neiguan (PC 6), Shuigou (GV 26), Fengchi (GB 20), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Yinlingquan (SP 9), Taichong (LR 3) were selected for the Xingnao Kaiqiao group (n =7), and Hegu (LI 4), Quchi (LI 11), Zusanli (ST 36), Yanglingquan (GB 34) and Xuanzhong (GB 39) for the routine acupuncture group (n = 5). PET-CT was used to observe the local cerebral glucose metabolism., Results: The cerebral regions activated in the the Xingnao Kaiqiao group included infarction center, gyrus temporalis superior, thalamus, gyrus temporalis inferior, gyrus rectus, insula, lateral occipital lobe, parietal lobe and cerebellum, and in the routine acupuncture group included gyrus frontalis inferior, caudate nucleus, cingulated gyrus, hippocampus, precuneus and parietal lobe., Conclusion: PET is very suitable for exploring acupuncture mechanisms in treatment of cerebral infarction, and further shows the specificity of acupoints-brain functional region.

Objective: To study the selective effect to tumor cells mediated by a recombinant adenoviral vector carrying E2F-1 promoter., Methods: The AdEasy-1 adenoviral vector system was used in this experiment. Several recombinant adenovirus with tumor-targeting E2F-1 promoter were constructed and then the E2F-1 promoter gene was checked by PCR and sequencing. The two adenovirus expressing GFP gene which is regulated by E2F-1 promoter or CMV promoter were used to respectively transfect tumor cells and non-proliferating normal cells, then observed and analyzed the different results caused by different promoters. Vpr gene was cloned into the targeting recombinant adenovirus. The new adenovirus named rvAdE2F-1/vpr was used to transfect tumor cells SMMC-7721, LS174T and non-proliferating normal cells H292, L-02. The surviving rate of each group was registered; the level of E2F-1 protein expressed in normal and tumor cell lines were checked by Western Blot., Result: E2F-1 promoter can regulate the downstream gene GFP selectively expressed in LS174T and its activity in LS174T was similar with CMV promoter's; Vpr gene regulated by E2F-1 promoter can suppress the proliferation of tumor cells and no toxicity to normal cells; In all of the tumor cells, a much higher level of E2F-1 was expressed compared with normal cell lines. E2F-1 promoter's activity correlated well with E2F-1 protein levels., Conclusions: E2F-1 promoter can control a selective cell killing to cancer cells, with no effect to normal cells. The system of E2F-1 promoter is a useful method for tumor-targeting gene therapy.

In order to investigate the quantitative structure-retention relationship in gas chromatography (GC) , the molecular structure of monosubstituted alkane RX (X = halogen, OH, SH, NH2) is divided into two parts, R and X, to obtain molecular structure parameters, and the retention times in GC for 37 monosubstituted alkanes RX were determined. It was proposed that the retention time in GC is affected by three main factors for RX compounds, alkyl group R, substituted group X, and interaction between R and X. Using four parameters, the eigenvalue of bonding orbital-connection matrix EVM, the polarizability effect index of alkyl group PEI, the mass content for substituted group X, and the partial charge deltaN(H) on hydrogen atom of the group X, a quantitative structure-retention correlation model with correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9948 and standard deviation (S) of 0.0991 was obtained for the 37 RX compounds. The model obtained has good predictive and extrapolation ability. The predicted retention indexes are in good agreement with the experimental ones for alcohols.