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As the most important document, the validity of the security target is mostly dependent on the accuracy of security problem definition. However there Is no necessary model and method in the security problem definition process. To reduce the subjectivity, taking IC card international terminal production applied in the online payment as the research object, a method of the threat definition was proposed based on the threat modeling method of the security development lifecycle (SDL) and threat tree analyzing. Furthermore, the definition method and considerations of other contents in security problem definition were illustrated. This paper will lay a foundation for the proposal of accurate security counter-measures in security target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the features of the forest products trading information, a compound keywords vector space model was utilized to represent the user interest model of the forest products trading information website. Every compound keyword in the vector space consists of three keywords, which are supply and demand classification, the name of the forest product and the production place, and some information about the specifications, price and the company name of the forest products. Every compound keyword has a user interest value. The learning and updating of the user interest model were reaiized through the browsing, registering and releasing behaviors of the users and introducing the forgetting factors for the interest values, respectively. The perssstent interests and the temporary interests of the users were distinguished by introducing a temporary interests group. Finally, the recommendation algorithms based on the contents itering were proposed based on our user interest model, and its advantage was demonstrated by comparison experiments [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Forest resource survey is important for the sustainable development of forest ecosystem in China. The average tree height is a main structural parameter of forest resource survey, and also one of the key parameters with greatest difficulty to obtain. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential of joint active and passive remote sensing technology in estimating forest average height. Taking Xixiaoshan Forest Farm in Linjiang City of Jilin Province as the research area, we used Sentinel-1 SAR and Sentinel-2A data, extracted two backscatter coefficients and eight texture information of Sentinel-1, ten spectral bands and texture information of Sentinel-2A and eleven vegetation index variables, constructed five groups of average tree height estimation models based on above variables and fusion of four variables by multiple linear regression method. We further evaluated the influence of each variable on the inversion accuracy. The results showed that the texture information extracted from the Sentinel-2A spectral band of a single data source variable had a better modeling effect and could be used as effective data to estimate the average tree height. The height estimation model of the integrated four variables was optimal, with a R 2 vaule of 0.56, a root mean square error of leave-one-out cross-validation of 2.92 m, and a relative root mean square error of leave-one-out cross-validation of 21.5%. The forest average height model based on Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2a characteristic variables could improve the estimation accuracy of forest height, which could be used for regional forest average height estimation and mapping.

Objective: To review our experiences with diagnosis and treatment of 6 cases of penetrating injury to the left ventricle., Methods: Six patients were admitted to the emergency department 0.5 to 3 h after the injury, all with shock and 3 with obvious pericardiac tamponade. All the patients received immediate thoracotomy for repairing the ruptured left ventricle, sub-pericardial window and pericardiocentesis, with also blood autotransfusion., Results: All patients survived the operations. One patient required reexploration because of hemorrhage in the chest and two presented ST-segment changes in postoperative ECG, and one had nonspecific intraventricular conduction delay with T-wave inversion., Conclusions: Penetrating injury to the left ventricle is manifested by low blood pressure and signs of pericardial tamponade. Immediate thoracotomy to relieve the tamponade and effective hemostasis can be critical for management of such patients.