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Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science & Technology of Food Industry is the property of Science & Technology of Food Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of China Medical University is the property of Journal of China Medical University Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of China Medical University is the property of Journal of China Medical University Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that imbalance of bone metabolism during glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head necrosis is closely related to oxidative stress. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathological mechanism by which oxidative stress-induced ferroptosis promote apoptosis in osteoblasts involved in steroidinduced osteonecrosis of the femoral head. METHODS: General data and serum specimens were collected from 47 patients with steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head. In addition, six femoral head specimens were collected from these patients. According to the Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) staging system, serum specimens were grouped into ARCO II, III, and IV, while femoral head specimens were classified into ARCO III and IV. Serum levels of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase 1 were measured. The protein expression of superoxide dismutase 1, glutathione peroxidase 4, Bcl-2 in the femoral head was detected and verified by Data independent acquisition (DIA) for quantitative sequencing, western blot and alkaline phosphate detection. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The ARCO stage of patients with steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head was independent of age, sex and necrotic side. The serum levels of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase 1 were higher in patients with ARCO stage III compared with those with ARCO stage II and IV. The results of DIA protein quantification showed that the function of differential proteins was mainly related to redox. The levels of superoxide dismutase 1, glutathione peroxidase 4, and Bcl-2 in the necrotic region were lower than in the normal region, as well as lower in ARCO stage IV than in ARCO stage III. Western blot verified the results of DIA protein quantification. The alkaline phosphatase activity was lower in the necrotic region than in the normal region, as well as lower in ARCO stage IV than in ARCO stage III. In the necrotic and sclerotic regions, the function of differential proteins was also related to redox, and superoxide dismutase 1, glutathione peroxidase 4, Bcl-2 protein expression and alkaline phosphatase activity were lower in the necrotic area than in the sclerotic region, as well as lower in ARCO stage IV than in ARCO stage III. To conclude, glucocorticoids can influence the progression of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by upregulating oxidative stress levels, inducing osteoblast ferroptosis, and inhibiting osteogenic function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial reactive oxygen bursts have been shown to play a key role in skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury. 3-Nitro-Nmethylsalicylamide (3-NNMS) can effectively reduce the electron transport rate and has a potential protective effect on limb ischemia-reperfusion injury, but there is no clear research and clinical application. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect of 3-NNMS on the skeletal muscle after limb ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats and its mechanism. METHODS: Forty healthy 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, 0, 25 and 125 μg/mL 3-NNMS groups, with 10 rats in each group. Animal models of limb ischemia-reperfusion injury were prepared in the latter three groups. 3-NNMS was injected into the injury site 30 minutes before reperfusion. The animals were sacrificed 2 hours after reperfusion. Blood from the apical part of the heart, and the tissue of the rectus femoris muscle of the right lower limb were taken for testing. The pathological morphology of the rectus femoris muscle was detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Serum levels of creatine kinase found in the skeletal muscle (CK-MM), lactate dehydrogenase, and myeloperoxidase were detected using ELISA; the levels of nuclear factor κB, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1β, cyclooxygenase 2, malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in the rectus femoris muscle were measured; and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level, ATPase activity, and mitochondrial respiratory control rate were tested. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, the model rats with ischemia-reperfusion injury had increased serum levels of CK-MM, lactate dehydrogenase, and myeloperoxidase, increased levels of nuclear factor κB, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1β, cyclooxygenase 2, malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species in the rectus femoris muscle, decreased levels of catalase and glutathione peroxidase in the rectus femoris muscle, and reduced ATPase activity and mitochondrial respiratory control rate. Moreover, cell morphology was irregular, inflammatory cell infiltration was obvious, and the cells were swollen in rats after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Compared with the 0 μg/mL group, the serum CK-MM and lactate dehydrogenase levels decreased, the levels of nuclear factor κB and cyclooxygenase 2 in the rectus femoris muscle decreased, reactive oxygen species level decreased, and superoxide dismutase activity increased in the 25 μg/mL group; cell morphology was more regular, inflammatory cell infiltration was lighter, and cell swelling was alleviated. Compared with the 0 μg/mL group, the 125 μg/mL group had a reduction in the serum levels of CK-MM, lactate dehydrogenase, and myeloperoxidase and the levels of nuclear factor κB, tumor necrosis factor α, cyclooxygenase 2, malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species in the rectus femoris muscle, as well as an increase in the levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the rectus femoris muscle, and mitochondrial respiratory control rate. Moreover, the cells were arranged neatly, the outline was clear and complete, and the inflammatory cell infiltration was light. To conclude, 3-NNMS can alleviate the functional impairment of the skeletal muscle caused by limb ischemia-reperfusion, and its mechanism of action may be through improving mitochondrial function, reducing reactive oxygen species production, decreasing oxidative stress and inflammatory response, and thus reducing tissue damage and repairing skeletal muscle function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of Rehmannioside A (ReA) on brain dysfunction in cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) -induced sepsis rats. Methods: 56 CLP-induced sepsis rats were randomly divided into CLP group (n=12), CLP+20ReA group (n=11), CLP+40ReA group (n=11), CLP+80ReA group (n=11), and GPX4-IN-3 group (n=11). Ten rats underwent Sham operation as sham group. Rats in Sham group and CLP group were given 1 mL dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Rats in CLP+20ReA group, CLP+40ReA group and CLP+80ReA group were given 1 mL of 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg/d Rehmannioside A, respectively. Rats in GPX4-IN-3 group were simultaneously administrated with 0.5 mL 80 mg/kg/d of Rehmannioside A and 0.5 mL 15 mg/kg/d of the selective inducer of ferroptosis GPX4-IN-3. Each group was given the drug for 3 days. Neural function score and Morris water maze test were used to evaluate brain function. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100β levels were detected by ELISA. The water content of brain tissue was measured by weighing method. Brain injury was evaluated by HE staining and Nissl staining. The levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in brain tissue were detected by micromethods. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured by ELISA. The content of Fe2+ in brain tissue was determined by micromethod. The levels of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Kelch-like ECH related protein 1 (Keap1) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) protein in brain tissue were detected by Western blot. Results: Compared with CLP group, the neural function scores and escape latency of CLP+20ReA group, CLP+40ReA group and CLP+80ReA group decreased (P<0.05), the number of crossing platforms increased (P<0.05), the neuronal damage reduced, the levels of serum NSE and S100β decreased (P<0.05), the level of GSH in brain tissue increased (P<0.05). The water content of brain tissue and levels of MDA, IL-6, TNF-α and the content of Fe2+ in brain tissue decreased(P<0.05), the protein expressions of Nrf2 (nucleus) and GPX4 in brain tissue increased(P<0.05), and the protein expression of Keap1 decreased(P<0.05). Compared with CLP+80ReA group, the brain dysfunction of GPX4-IN-3 group was aggravated, and the Nrf2/GPX4 pathway was inhibited (P<0.05). Conclusion: Rehmannioside A inhibits ferroptosis by activating Nrf2/GPX4 pathway, thereby alleviating brain dysfunction in CLP-induced sepsis rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM: The study aimed to explore the effect of curcumin (Cur) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264. 7 cell-derived osteoclasts, together with its underlying mechanism. METHODS: An osteoclast model was established by treating RAW264. 7 cells with LPS. The viability of the cells was assessed by CCK-8 assays and osteoclast formation was evaluated by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), Fe2+, glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were examined by biochemical assays. Mitochondrial morphology was assessed by transmission electron microscopy. The mRNA and protein levels of p53, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), and solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) were determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS: Treatment with LPS successfully induced osteoclasts formation in RAW264. 7 cells. The TRAP results showed that compared with the LPS-treated group, the number of osteoclasts and TRAP activity in the curcumin-treated group decreased dose-dependently (P<0. 01). Compared with the control group, the LPS+Erastin group showed significantly increased TRAP activity (P<0. 01), while after curcumin treatment, the TRAP activity declined in a dose-dependent manner (P<0. 01). The results of the biochemical tests showed that compared with the control group, the LPS+Erastin group had significantly elevated levels of ROS, Fe2+, and MDA, while the GSH level was significantly reduced (P< 0. 01, and compared with the LPS+Erastin group, the ROS, Fe2+, and MDA levels in the curcumin group decreased (P< 0. 01) and GSH levels increased (P<0. 01). These effects were all dose-dependent. Transmission electron microscopy showed that compared with the LPS group, the LPS+Erastin group had reduced mitochondrial cristae and increased membrane density, while after treatment with curcumin, both these effects were reversed. The RT-qPCR and Western blot results showed that compared with the control group, the mRNA and protein levels of p53 in the LPS+Erastin group were significantly increased, while those of of SLC7A11 and GPX4 were significantly reduced (P<0. 01). After curcumin treatment, the p53 mRNA and protein levels were reduced while the levels of SLC7A11 and GPX4 were increased (P<0. 01). CONCLUSION: Curcumin can inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced differentiation of RAW264. 7 cells into osteoclasts, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the p53/SLC7A1 1/GPX4 signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of total flavonoids from Patrina villosa Juss (PJF) on the lung in an experimental rat model of acute lung injury (ALI), and to elucidate the potential mechanism. METHODS: The ALI rat model was established by instilling 5 mg/kg of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into the airway. Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, LPS, LPS+low-dose PJF (receiving 100 mg/kg PJF one hour before ALI modeling) and LPS+high-dose PJF (receiving 300 mg/kg PJF one hour before ALI modeling). Each group consisted of 15 animals. Lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected from all groups 24 h after modeling. For assessment of lung tissue morphology, HE staining was performed. The wet/dry weight ratio of the lung tissue was determined using the wet/dry weighing method. Evans blue staining was conducted to assess epithelial barrier permeability in lung tissues. ELISA was used to detect the levels of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 in the BALF, as well as oxidative stress markers including superoxide dismutase (SOD), myeloperoxi-dase (MPO) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the lung tissue. The expression levels of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) in the lung tissue were analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS: Compared with control group, the rats in LPS group exhibited a blurred alveolar structure with a significant infiltration of inflammatory cells. The ALI score and the wet/dry weight ratio of the lung tissue were increased (P<0. 05). Concurrently, the levels of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in the BALF, along with MDA content and MPO activity in the lung tissue, were elevated (P<0. 05). Additionally, the protein levels of CHOP, GRP78 and XBP1 were up-regulated in the lung tissue (P<0. 05), while the SOD and GSH-Px activity was significantly decreased (P<0. 05). Compared with LPS group, PJF intervention exerted beneficial effects on the lung tissue morphology with reduced ALI score and lower lung wet/dry weight ratio (P<0. 05). Moreover, the levels of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in BALF, as well as MDA content, MPO activity and the protein levels of CHOP, GRP78 and XBP1 in the lung tissue were all significantly decreased (P<0. 05), while the SOD and GSH-Px activity was significantly increased (P<0. 05). The efficacy in high-dose group exceeded that in low-dose group. CONCLUSION: The PJF have protective effect on the lungs of rats with ALI, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of inflammation, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To investigate the protective effect of dihydromyricetin (DMY) against injury of primary hip-pocampal neurons caused by ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) and its mechanism. Methods Primary hippocampal neurons were collected from 24-hour neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats for in vitro culture, and CCK-8 assay was used to measure the viability of primary hippocampal neurons treated with different concentrations of DMY and determine the administration concentration of DMY. Primary hippocampal neurons were divided into control group (H group), 100 mmol/L DMY treatment group (I group), 250 mmol/L FAC treatment group (J group), and 100 mmol/L DMY+250 mmol/L FAC treatment group (K group). Flow cytometry was used to measure the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in each group; colorimetry was used to measure the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in each group; Western blot was used to measure the protein expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in each group. Results CCK-8 assay showed the highest viability of primary hippocampal neurons at the concentration of 100 mmol/L for DMY (F=9.95,P

Objective : To explore the dose-response relationship between γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), markers of oxidative stress and the risk of dyslipidemia, so as to provide reference for prevention and improvement of dyslipidemia. Methods : A total of 149 patients with dyslipidemia hospitalized in a Grade A hospital in Haikou City from August 2022 to August 2023 were selected as the case group, and 236 patients with normal blood lipids were selected as the control group. The basic information of the research objects was collected by questionnaire. Serum GABA level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were measured by the kit. GABA and oxidative stress markers (SOD, GSH-Px, MDA) were divided into four groups according to the quartile levels of the control group from low to high (Q1 group to Q4 group). Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk of dyslipidemia. Spearman correlation coefficient, generalized linear model and restricted cubic spline were used to analyze the correlation between GABA and oxidative stress markers, and the dose-response relationship between GABA and oxidative stress markers and dyslipidemia. Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, Logistic regression showed that compared with the SOD activity, GSH-Px activity and MDA level in group Q1, the risk of dyslipidemia in the Q4 group was 0R=0.537[95%(,7(0.294--0.980) ], 0R=0.400[95%(,7(0.213--0.750)] and OR=2.375 [95%(7(1.254--4.495) ], respectively. GABA levels were positively correlated with SOD and GSH-Px activities, and negatively correlated with MDA levels (all P<0.001). The generalized linear model and restricted cubic spline showed that the risk of dyslipidemia decreased with the increase of SOD and GSH-Px activities, and increased with the increase of MDA levels, which was a linear dose-response relationship (all P<0.05). Conclusion: GABA level was correlated with SOD activity, GSH-Px activity and MDA level. There was a linear dose-response relationship between SOD activity, GSH-Px activity and MDA level and the risk of dyslipidemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intrusion of freshwater mussel Limnoperna fortunei into water conveyance projects could cause bio-fouling that affects structural safety, and the commonly used chemicals for fouling control still need to be further investigated, so the analysis of the mussels to the toxicological effects of fouling-control agents, such as NaClO and KMnO4, is particularly important. In this paper, through analyzing the mussels' responses to the stress by NaClO and KMnO4 in terms of enzyme activity and lipid peroxide, the integrated biomarker response (IBR), were used to evaluate the toxicological effects of NaClO and KMnO4 on L. fortunei. In addition, LC-MS non-targeted metabolomics was used to analyze the metabolic changes in the gill tissues of the mussels after being exposed to NaClO and KMnO4 for 72 hours in order to investigate the toxicological and metabolic regulation mechanisms of NaClO and KMnO4 from a molecular biology point of view, thus laying a basis for accurately determining an effective dosage. The results of the study are briefly concluded as follows: (1)The activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) in the gill tissues decreased with an increase of NaClO concentration; the activities of the antioxidant enzymes first increased, then decreased when mussels were exposed to KMnO4 in solution, i.e., the maximum activity appeared when KMnO4 concentration being 2.0 mg/L, but decreased as the increase of the KMnO4 concentration; and lipid peroxide level which was used to characterize the tissue damage, went up with the increase of the agents concentration; (2)The results of evaluation using IBR, and the analysis of the mortality suggested that with regard to the in-activation effectiveness, NaClO was better than KMnO4 as NaClO concentrations <4.0 mg/L, while KMnOi was better than NaClO as KMnO4 concentration being 8.0 mg/L; and (3) Metabolomics analysis showed that the amino-acid metabolism pathways were present in all of the treatment groups, and only as the KMnO4 concentration was 8.0 mg/L, purine metabolism and ether lipid metabolism pathways were not found; when the concentration was <4.0 mg/L, the ether lipid metabolism was the main pathway, but when the NaClO concentration was >4.0 mg/L, purine metabolism turned to be the main pathway; and when the KMnO4 concentration was 8.0 mg/L the pathways were dominated by amino acid metabolism. In conclusion, for the purpose of better controlling L. fortunei bio-fouling in the long-distance water conveyance systems, the achievement of this study could provide basic data about the optimal dose concentrations of fouling-control agents such as NaClO and KMnO4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the gene expression of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in Ruditapes philippina- rum under the stress of heavy metal mercury (Hg), a single chronic exposure experiment on the indicator organism R. philippinarum was car- ried out. The expression of two genes in visceral mass and gill of R. philippinarum was detected at 0,12 h, 24 h and 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 d. The results showed that the expression multiples of GPx and GST in the visceral mass showed a fluctuation trend, and the expression multiples reached the highest (P<0.05) at 24 and 12 h, respectively. The expression level was the lowest at 6 d(P>0.05) and 3 d (P<0.05). The ex- pression multiple of GPx in the gill was the highest at 8 d (P<0.05), and the first peak appeared at 5 d. The expression amount of GST was the highest at 5 d (P<0.05). It showed that mercury exposure could induce the expression of GPx and GST in different degrees in the short term, but it had obvious inhibitory effect with the extension of time. This study provided the theoretical basis for revealing the toxicity of heavy metal mercury to R. philippinarum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the experiment was to study the effects of Chinese herbal compound in high concentrate diet on growth performance, apparent digestibility of nutrients, serum biochemical indexes, immunity, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant functions of sheep. Thirty 3-month-old male lambs with the body weight of (20.81±1.27) kg were randomly divided into three groups with ten replicates in each group and one lamb in each replicate. The ratio of concentrate to crude in basal diet was 75:25, and the addition amount of Chinese medicine compound in control group, Z1 group, and Z3 group was 0, 10, 30 g/d, respectively. The pre-test period was 15 days, and the formal test period was 50 days. The results showed that compared with the control group, adding 30 g/d Chinese herbal compound could increase the final body weight and average daily gain of sheep (P<0.05), decrease the feed-weight ratio (P<0.05), increase the apparent digestibility of crude protein (P<0.05), decrease the content of serum urea nitrogen (P<0.05), decrease the content of serum triglyceride (P<0.05), increase the contentrations of low density lipoprotein cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (P<0.05), increase the total antioxidant capacity and the activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and total superoxide dismutase in serum (P<0.05), decrease the content of malondialdehyde in serum (P<0.05), increase the activities of acid phosphatase and lysozyme in serum and the contentrations of immunoglobulin and interferon-γ in serum (P<0.05), and decrease the contentrations of nitric oxide, lipopolysaccharide, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in serum (P<0.05). The study indicates that adding 30 g/d of Chinese medicine compound in high concentrate diet can improve the antioxidant capacity and immune function of sheep, reduce the level of serum pro-inflammatory factors, relieve the inflammation of the body, improve the daily gain and apparent digestibility of nutrients of sheep, and has a positive impact on keeping the health of sheep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of Bacillus pumilus (GXUN613L) on the growth performance, serum biochemical indexes, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health of coho salmon. A total of 240 coho salmon with initial body mass of (130.2±10.1) g were randomly divided into four groups with three replicates in each group and 20 coho salmon in each replicate. Bacillus pumilus (GXUN613L) was supplemented with 0, 2x107, 4x109, and 8x1011 CFU/g in basal diet in CK group, LL group, LM group, and LH group, respectively. The trial period was six weeks. The results showed that the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of coho salmon in LL group and LM group were significantly higher than those in CK group (P<0.05), the protein efficiency ratio of coho salmon in LM group was significantly higher than that in CK group (P<0.05), and the feed conversion ratio was significantly lower than that in CK group (P<0.05). Serum total protein, albumin and total cholesterol in LL group, LM group, and LH group were significantly higher than those in CK group (P<0.05). Serum glucose content and alkaline phosphatase activity in LM group were significantly higher than those in CK group (P<0.05). The total antioxidant capacity, catalase activity, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activity of liver in LM group were significantly higher than those in CK group (P<0.05). The muscular layer thickness and villus height of foregut and hindgut in LM group were significantly higher than those in CK group (P<0.05), and the intestinal microbial diversity was better. The result shows that the addition of Bacillus pumilus (GXUN613 L) in feed can promote the growth, improve the serum indexes and intestinal health, and enhance the antioxidant capacity of coho salmon. The suitable addition amount of GXUN613L is 4x109 CFU/g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study was to study the effects of different fiber sources feeds on the growth performance, slaughter performance, immune organ development, and antioxidant capacity of rabbits. In the study, 96 healthy 35-dayold Ira meat rabbits with similar weight were randomly divided into four groups, with eight replicates in each group and three rabbits in each replicate. The four experimental groups used soybean husk, rice straw, peanut seedling, and alfalfa as the only fiber source to prepare full-price diets. The pre-test period was seven days, and the formal test period was 30 days. The results showed that the final weight and average daily gain of soybean husk group, peanut seedling group, and alfalfa group were significantly higher than those of the straw group (P<0.05), and the average daily feed intake of the straw group, peanut seedling group, and alfalfa group was significantly higher than that of soybean husk group (P<0.05). The live weight before slaughter of soybean husk group, peanut seedling group, and alfalfa group was significantly higher than that of straw group (P<0.05), and the carcass weight, semi eviscerated weight, and eviscerated weight of peanut seedling group and alfalfa group were significantly higher than those of straw group (P<0.05). The liver index of alfalfa group was significantly higher than that of other groups (P<0.05), and the index of round sac was significantly higher than that of soybean husk group and peanut seedling group (P<0.05). The serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in the soybean husk group was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.05). The study indicates that alfalfa has the best comprehensive performance as a fiber source for rabbit diet, and peanut seedlings is second only to alfalfa and better than soybean husk and straw. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of garlic straw on the serum biochemistry, antioxidant capacity, growth performance, and nutrient apparent digestibility of Qingshan sheep. Forty 5-month-old male Qingshan sheep were randomly divided into four groups, with 10 replicates per group and one sheep per replicate. The control group was fed with barley straw, and Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3 were fed with garlic straw instead of 10%, 20%, and 30% barley straw, respectively. The pre-test period was seven days, and the formal test period was 30 days. The results showed that compared with the control group, the average daily gain of Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3 increased by 17.7%, 29.7%, and 16.5% (P<0.05), and the feed to gain ratio of Group 2 decreased by 13.1% (P<0.05). The apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) in Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3 increased significantly (P<0.05). The total protein content in serum of Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3 increased by 3.7%, 4.1%, and 3.4% respectively (P<0.05), the albumin content increased by 6.5%, 5.2%, and 2.3% (P<0.05), the globulin content increased by 4.1%, 3.5%, and 3.0% (P<0.05), serum glucose content decreased by 7.6%, 10.2%, and 6.4% (P<0.05), and the content of triglyceride decreased by 14.3%, 23.8%, and 21.4%. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in serum were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05), the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in serum was significantly higher than those in control group and Group 1 (P<0.05), and the serum malondialdehyde (MDA) in Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3 was significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05). The study indicates that garlic straw has a good effect on feeding Qingshan sheep instead of part of barley straw, and the best effect is to replace 20% barley straw. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Abnormal extracellular matrix accumulation and excessive proliferation of fibroblasts are the main manifestations of pathological scars. Excessive proliferation of fibroblasts leads to the production of large amounts of collagen-based extracellular matrix. Therefore, to investigate the role of fibroblast fibrosis in the formation of pathological scar will provide a new idea for revealing the mechanism of pathological scar and biological therapy. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of RAS-selective lethal small molecule 3 (RSL3) on the fibrosis of human pathological scar fibroblasts. METHODS: Then cases of pathological scar tissue and normal skin tissue samples from the same individuals, provided by the Department of Burn Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, were collected. Fibroblasts of human pathological scar and human normal skin were extracted and used in the following experiments. The general condition of the pathological scar tissue and the normal skin tissue was detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The appearance of fibroblasts from pathological scar and normal skin were observed by inverted microscope. The fibroblasts were verified by immunofluorescence assay. The cells were treated with different concentrations of RSL3 (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 μmol/L). The inhibitory concentration of RSL3 on fibroblasts was detected by cell counting kit-8. Control group (without treatment) and RSL3 intervention group (treated with 7 μmol/L RSL3 for 24 hours) were set up. The mRNA and protein expressions of glutathione peroxidase 4, type I collagen, type III collagen and α-smooth muscle actin were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. Level of malondialdehyde in cells was detected. The residual scratch area was measured by cell scratch test after 24 hours to calculate the percentage of residual scratch area. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 in the pathological scar group was higher than that in the normal skin group (mRNA: t=3.252, P < 0.01; protein: t=5.075, P < 0.01). The expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 in the pathological scar fibroblast group was higher than that in the normal skin fibroblast group (mRNA: t=10.32, P < 0.01; protein: t=26.22, P < 0.01). Compared with the control group, the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 was decreased (mRNA: t=2.798, P < 0.05; protein: t=4.643, P < 0.01), the content of malondialdehyde was increased (t=2.917, P < 0.05), the expression of type I collagen (mRNA: t=15.84, P < 0.01; protein: t=4.610, P < 0.01), type III collagen (mRNA: t=28.86, P < 0.01; protein: t=7.713, P < 0.01) and α-smooth muscle actin (mRNA: t=2.671, P < 0.05; protein: t=7.417, P < 0.01) were decreased in the RSL3 intervention group. Compared with the control group, the migration ability was weakened in the RSL3 intervention group (t=14.06, P < 0.01). To conclude, RSL3 can inhibit the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 and then inhibit the ability of fibrosis and migration of pathological scar fibroblasts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of action of Yinchenhao Decoction in inhibiting ferroptosis of hepatocytes in mice with autoimmune hepatitis. Methods A total of 18 specific pathogen-free female C57BL/6 mice were selected and divided into normal group, model group, and treatment group using a random number table, with 6 mice in each group. The mice in the model group and the treatment group were injected with concanavalin A (Con A) via the caudal vein to establish a mouse model of autoimmune hepatitis, and those in the normal group were injected with normal saline. The mice in the treatment group were given prophylactic treatment with Yinchenhao Decoction (4.68 g crude drug/kg) by gavage at 14 days before modeling, and Con A was injected after the last gavage. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), iron ion, glutathione (GSH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured； liver index and spleen index were calculated； the expression levels of GPX4 and SLC7A11 were measured； liver histopathological changes were compared between groups. A oneway analysis of variance was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between three groups, and the least significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups. Results Compared with the normal group, the model group had significant increases in liver index, spleen index, ALT, AST, IFN-γ, TNF-α, iron ion, ROS and MDA (all P< 0.05) and significant reductions in the content of GSH and ATP and the protein expression levels of GPX4 and SLC7A11 (all P< 0.05). Compared with the model group, the treatment group had significant reductions in liver index, spleen index, ALT, AST, IFN-γ, TNF-α, iron ion, ROS and MDA (all P<0.05) and significant increases in the content of GSH and ATP and the protein expression levels of GPX4 and SLC7A11 (all P<0.05). HE staining showed that compared with the normal group, the model group showed massive hepatocyte degeneration and necrosis and inflammatory cell aggregation at the portal area, and compared with the model group, the treatment group had alleviation of liver necrosis and inflammatory infiltration. Conclusion Liver injury induced by Con A may be associated with ferroptosis. Yinchenhao Decoction can increase the protein expression levels of SLC7A11 and GPX4 protein and thus inhibit ferroptosis of hepatocytes induced by Con A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate effects of adiponectin on survival, oxidative stress, inflammation and mitochondrial function of endothelial cell HUVEC induced by high glucose, and its potential mechanism. Methods: HUVEC cells were cultured with 5, 25 mmol/L glucose and divided into normal (NC) group and high glucose (HG) group. Adiponectin (1, 2, 4 µg/ml) treatment of high glucose induced endothelial cells were divided into low dose (L), medium dose (M) and high dose (H) groups. HUVEC cells treated with PBS, LPS and 4 µg/ml adiponectin were labeled as H+PBS group and H+LPS group. CCK8 and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining were used to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis. Western blot was used to detect protein expressions of Cleaved caspase-3, NLPR3, amino acid transporter (ASC), Caspase-1, p-nuclear factor κB inhibitor protein (p-I-κBα) . ELISA was used to detect concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), IL-4, IL-6 and IL-1β. ROS fluorescence activity was detected by immunofluorescence. Mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by JC-1 staining. NLRP3 expression was detected by RT-qPCR. Results: Compared with NC group, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h survival rates of endothelial cells were significantly reduced, apoptosis rate was significantly increased, and levels of LDH, SOD, MDA, mitochondrial membrane potential, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-1β in cell supernatant were significantly increased, concentrations of ROS and GSH-Px were significantly decreased, and protein expressions of Cleared caspase-3, NLRP3, Caspase-1 and p-NF-κB were significantly increased, p-I-κBα expression was decreased significantly (P<0.05) . Adiponectin inhibited above changes of endothelial cells induced by high glucose in a concentration dependent manner. LPS attenuated above protective effects of adiponectin on HG induced endothelial cells. Conclusion: Adiponectin can reduce survival inhibition, oxidative stress, inflammatory response and mitochondrial dysfunction of endothelial cells induced by high glucose, whose protecting mechanism may be related to NF-κB pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was to investigate the effect of replacing fish meal with a compound protein source (pig hemoglobin powder, corn protein powder, and enzymolysis defatted black soldier fly powder) in feed on the growth performance, feed utilization, immune performance, and ammonia resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei. A total of 1 440 healthy and active Litopenaeus vannamei with an initial weight of (1.01 ± 0.01) g were randomly divided into six groups, with four replicates in each group, and 60 Litopenaeus vannamei in each replicate. 0, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% of fish meal were replaced by compound protein sources with equal nitrogen and equal fat, respectively, named as the M1 group, M2 group, M3 group, M4 group, M5 group, and M6 group. The experiment lasted for 56 days. The results showed that the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of Litopenaeus vannamei in the M4 group were significantly higher than the M1 group (P<0.05). The feed efficiency of Litopenaeus vannamei in the M2 group, M3 group, and M4 group was significantly higher than the M1 group (P<0.05). The activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), as well as the contentrations of total cholesterol (CHO), alanine aminotransferase (TG) in serum of Litopenaeus vannamei in the M6 group were significantly higher than the M1 group (P<0.05), and the activity of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and total protein (TP) content in serum of Litopenaeus vannamei in the M6 group was significantly lower than the M1 group (P<0.05). The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and acid phosphatase (ACP) in the hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei in the M6 group were significantly decreased compared to other groups (P<0.05), and the content of MDA was significantly higher than that in the M1 group, M2 group and M3 group (P<0.05). After an ammonia challenge for 18 hours, the survival rate of Litopenaeus vannamei in the M6 group was significantly lower than that in other groups (P<().()5). The study indicates that the growth performance of Litopenaeus vannamei improved significantly when the fish meal is replaced by a compound protein source at a ratio of 60%, and that compound protein source to replace fish meal proportion is too high (over 80%) will reduce the feed utilization, immunity, and anti-stress ability of Litopenaeus vannamei. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the protective effect of neuregulin1β (NRG1β) on PC12 cell injury induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) and its mechanism. Methods OGD/R models of PC12 cells were established and randomly divided into control group (routinely cultured), model group (OGD/R-treated), and intervention group (treated with OGD/R and intervened by NRG1β). The cell viability of each group was measured by cell counting kit-8. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by fluorescence intensity analysis. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the absorbance ratio of reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) were measured by fluorescence spectrophotometry. Mitochondrial damage in each group was observed under a transmission electron microscope. The expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) was measured by Western blot. Results Compared with the control group, the model group had significantly decreased cell viability (t=25.76,P

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary hydroxy-methionine (MHA) chelate supplementation on the production performance, antioxidation performance, immune and reproductive hormone indexes of Xuefeng black bone breeding chickens. A total of 324 healthy 32-week-old Xuefeng black bone chickens with similar body weight were randomly divided into three groups, with six replicates per group and 18 chickens per replicate. The prefeeding period lasted for two weeks and the trial period lasted for eight weeks. The chickens in the control group were fed a basal diet. The experimental groups added 30 mg/kg MHA-Zn (MZ group, calculated by zinc), 25 mg/kg MHA-Mn (MM group, calculated by manganese) and 30 mg/kg MHA-Zn + 25 mg/kg MHA-Mn (MZM group) in the basal diet, respectively. The results showed that compared with the control group, the laying rate and healthy chick rate of the experimental groups were significantly increased (P<0.05). The hatching rate of the MZM group was significantly higher than that of the control group and MM group (P<0.05). The death rate of embryos in the MZ group and MZM group was significantly lower than that in the control group and MM group (P<0.05). The serum content of progesterone, folliclestimulating hormone, estradiol and parathyroid hormone in the MZM group was significantly higher than those in the other groups ( P<0.05). The activity of total superoxide dismutase and catalase in the serum of MZM group was significantly higher than those of the control group and MZ group (P<0.05). The serum activity of manganese superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the MZM group was significantly higher than those in the control group and MM group (P<0.05). The serum malondialdehyde content in the MM group and MZM group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the content of immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin M and interleukin-2 in the serum of the MZM group was significantly increased ( P<0.05). The study indicates that adding of MHA chelate in the diet can improve the production performance of Xuefeng black bone chickens by increasing antioxidation performance, immune and reproductive hormone levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different doses of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on mutton sheep. The experimental animals were 120 similar month old Du Han hybrid sheep, randomly divided into 4 groups: control group and experimental group 1 (60 mg/kg GABA), test group 2 (100 mg/kg GABA), test group 3 (140 mg/kg GABA), pre feeding period of 3 days, experimental period of 30 days. The growth performance, serum biochemical, antioxidant and immune indexes, were detected in this experiment. The results showed that: ① the average daily weight gain of group 2 and group 3 was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05), and the feed intake of group 2 and group 3 was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05). The feed weight ratio of group 2 and group 3 was significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.05). ② Compared with control group, the serum total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) contents of the group 2 and group 3 were significantly increased (P< 0.05), while the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and urea nitrogen (BUN) content were significantly reduced (P<0.05). ③The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the serum of groups 1, 2, and 3 were significantly increased (P<0.05), while the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in groups 2 and 3 were significantly increased (P< 0.05). The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum of groups 1, 2, and 3 were significantly reduced (P<0.05). ④ The levels of serum immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and in terleukin-2 (IL-2) in group 2 and 3 significantly increased (P<0.05). Comprehensive research results: Adding 100 mg/kg and 140 mg/kg GABA to diet can improve the growth performance, serum biochemical, antioxidant, and immune indicators of mutton sheep. Considering economic costs, the recommended dosage is 100 mg/kg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of curcumin and thymol complex on growth performance, antioxidant ability and intestinal morphology of laying hens infected with Salmonella pullorum. One hundred and twenty one-day-old Roman hens were randomly divided into four groups: control group (CON), thymol-curcumin group (CT), infection group (PD) and thymolcurcumin for infection group (PD + CT), each group had three replicates of 10 chickens. CON and PD groups were fed with basal diet, CT and PD + CT groups were fed with 225 mg/kg thymolcurcumin mixture in basal diet. The chicks of each group were challenged with Salmonella pullorum at the age of 14 days. The pre-feeding period was seven days and the official experiment time was 21 days. The results were as followings: ① compared with CON group, the daily gain, feed intake and feed conversion efficiency of PD group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), while the daily gain, feed intake and feed-to-weight ratio of PD group were significantly increased (P<0.05), in PD + CT Group, the daily weight gain was significantly increased and the feed-weight ratio was significantly decreased (P<0.05). ② Compared with the CON group, while the duodenum and jejunal index of the PD group were significantly lower, and the jejunal index of the PD + CT group was significantly higher than that of the PD group (P<0.05). ③ Compared with the CON group, serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH) activity and total jejunal antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were significantly increased in the CT group, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in serum, liver and jejunum was significantly reduced (P<0.05). Compared with the CON group, the serum and liver GSH levels in the PD group were significantly reduced, the levels of jejunal T-AOC and t-SOD were significantly reduced, and the content of MDA in serum and liver was significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the PD group, the liver GSH level and jejunal T-SOD level (P<0.05) and the MDA content in the liver and jejunum were significantly reduced (P<0.05) in the PD+CT group. ④ Compared with the CON group, the height of jejunum villi, the ratio of villus to crypt and the depth of crypt in PD group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), while the height of jejunum villi, the ratio of villus to crypt and the depth of crypt in PD + CT group were significantly increased (P<0.05). In conclusion, curcumin-thymol could effectively alleviate the adverse effects of Salmonella pullorum on laying hens by improving growth performance, antioxidant capacity and intestinal morphology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of producing selenium-rich chicken products by long-term feeding of high selenium and herbal rations. Three hundred and sixty 299- day-old Zhengda brown laying hens were divided into four groups: group A was a blank group with 0.30 mg/kg (low selenium) in the diet; groups B, C and D were experimental groups with 0.80 (medium selenium) and 1.30 (high selenium) mg/kg of selenium in groups B and C, respectively; group D was supplemented with 0.2% Chinese herbal medicine on top of group C. After 170 d of the experiment, tissue and blood samples were collected to determine the selenium content and antioxidant index. The results showed that: the egg weight of group C was significantly lower than that of groups A and B (P<0.05), and there were no significant differences in other productive indexes among all groups. The selenium poles of pectoral muscle and kidney were significantly higher in groups B, C and D than in group A (P<0.01), the selenium poles of liver were significantly higher in groups C and D than in groups A and B (P<0.01), and the selenium poles of liver and kidney were significantly higher in group D than in group C (P<0.01); the blood glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activities in groups B, C and D were extremely significantly higher than those in group A (P<0.01), groups C and D were extremely significantly higher than those in group B (P<0.01), and glutathione peroxidase in group D was extremely significantly higher than that in group C (P<0.01); blood malondialdehyde levels in groups B, C and D were extremely significantly lower than those in group A (P<0.01). It indicated that long-term feeding of high selenium (0.80-1.30 mg/kg) rations without selenium enrichment effect, and can produce selenium-rich chicken meat products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the effect of different efficacy of Chinese veterinary medicine compound on the resistance of poultry, a comparative experiment was made on the feeding of White Leghorns. The experiment consisted of five groups, four Chinese veterinary drug groups (groups 1-4) and one control group (group 5). The experiment lasted for 90 days. The results showed that: ① compared with control groups, the final weight, average daily gain and average daily feed intake in groups 1, 2 and 3 were significantly increased (P<0.01); the F/G control groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 decreased significantly (P< 0.01). ② The effect on serum IgG in groups 1 and 3 was significantly higher than that in groups 2, 4 and 5 (P<0.01); The effect on serum IgA was significantly higher in group 1 than in groups 2, 4 and 5 (P<0.05), and significantly higher in group 3 than in group 4 (P<0.05); The effect on serum IgM in groups 1 and 3 was significantly higher than that in groups 2, 4 and 5 (P<0.01). The effect on serum complement protein (C3b) in groups 1 and 3 was significantly higher than that in groups 4 (P<0.05). ③ Compared with control group, liver weight in 1 group was significantly increased (P<0.05), liver index in groups 1 and 3 were significantly increased (P<0.05). ④ The effect of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in group 3 was significantly higher than that in groups 1, 2, 4 and 5 (P<0.01). The effects on glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) in groups 1 and 3 were significantly higher than those in groups 2, 4 and 5 (P<0.01). The effect on total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in groups 1, 2 and 3 was significantly higher than that in control group 5 (P<0.01). The results indicated that the animal drug compound had a significant effect on the growth performance of White Leghorns, and the activating blood circulation and nourishing yin-yang animal drug compound had a significant effect on the immune performance and antioxidant performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Compound diclofenac sodium is an analgesic and antipyretic, non-steroidal drug, which has been widely used to relieve mild-to-moderate pain and treat rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, and osteoarthritis, musculoskeletal injury. However, there are few reports on its mechanism of action on osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of compound diclofenac sodium on matrix metalloproteinase 1, cartilage morphology and oxidative stress in osteoarthritis rats. METHODS: Rat models of osteoarthritis were established by intra-articular injection of papain and randomly divided into blank group, model group, low, middle-, and high-dose compound diclofenac sodium groups, and celecoxib group. The swelling degree of the right knee joint of rats was measured. ELISA was used to detect the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and matrix metalloproteinase 1 in the joint effusion. The levels of oxidative stress indicators, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase, were detected. Articular cartilage histology and Mankin score were compared between groups. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of matrix metalloproteinases 1, 3, and 13 in the articular cartilage. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After modeling and before administration, compared with the blank group, rats in the model group, low-, middle-, high-dose groups and celecoxib group all had different degrees of redness and swelling in the right knee joint, but no purple-red spots and nodules. After administration, the degree of redness and swelling of the right knee joint of rats in the model group was significantly reduced in the low-, middle-, high-dose groups and celecoxib group compared with the model group (P < 0.05). The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and matrix metalloproteinase 1 in the joint effusion were significantly higher in the model group than the blank group (P < 0.05), while these levels were significantly reduced after administration of low-, middle-, and high-dose compound diclofenac sodium and celecoxib (P < 0.05). Compared with the blank group, the superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels were significantly reduced and the malondialdehyde content was significantly increased in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the low-, middle-, and high-dose groups and the celecoxib group showed the significantly increased levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and the reduced content of malondialdehyde. Moreover, the changes in the high-dose group were the most significant (P < 0.05). The Mankin score of rats was higher in the model group than the blank group (P < 0.05), but were significantly reduced in the low-, middle- and high-dose groups and the celecoxib group, especially in the high-dose group (P < 0.05). The protein expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases 1, 3, and 13 in the articular cartilage were significantly higher in the model group than the blank group (P < 0.05) and were significantly reduced after administration of low-, middle-, and high-dose compound diclofenac sodium and celecoxib (P < 0.05). To conclude, compound diclofenac sodium can improve the cartilage morphology of osteoarthritis rats, reduce oxidative stress damage, and inhibit the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1 in cartilage tissue, thereby having a therapeutic effect on bones and joints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM: To investigate whether Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) attenuate arecoline (ANE)-induced human oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) by regulating ferroptosis, and to study its mechanism. METHODS: The OSF model was established by treating human immortalized keratinocyte cell line HaCaT with ANE. There were 6 groups created: blank group, model group(50 mg/L ANE), low-, medium- and high-dose (12. 5, 25 and 50 mg/L)PNS groups, and liproxstatin-1 (ferroptosis inhibitor) group. The morphological changes of the cells were observed under a light microscope. Cell viabilty was detected by CCK-8 assay. Collagen type I (Col-l), solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11) and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)protein expression levels were detected by Western blot. The morphological changes of mitochondria were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The Fe2+ level was detected by FerroOrange fluorescent probe. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content was detected by DCFH-DA fluorescent probe. The content of glutathione (GSH)was determined by colorimetry. RESULTS: Compared with blank group, the majority of the cells in model group displayed long spindle shape, fibrotic appearance, unstable adhesion, and obvious morphological changes. Under electron microscope, mitochondrial double membrane density increased, and cristae decreased significantly, presenting typical ferroptosis. The expression of Col-I increased, GPX4 and SLC7A11 protein expression decreased, Fe2+ and ROS levels increased, and GSH content decreased (all/><0. 05). Compared with model group, most of the cells in low-, medium- and high-dose PNS groups were round and epit he lo id, with decreased mitochondrial membrane density, increased ridge number and normal morphology, decreased Col-I expression and ROS level, and increased GSH content (all P<0. 05). Compared with model group, the protein expression levels of GPX4 and SLC7A11 in medium- and high-dose PNS groups were significantly increased, while the content of Fe2+ was significantly decreased (all P<0. 05). There were no significant differences in cell and mitochondrial morphology and indicator levels between liproxstatin-1 group and high-dose PNS group (all 05). CONCLUSION: Panax notoginseng saponins can alleviate OSF by preventing the ferroptosis of HaCaT cells induced by ANE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM: To investigate the mechanism and the protective effect of matrine against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) -induced oxidative injury in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) based on the KLF4/Nrf2 pathway. METHODS: The HUVECs were cultured and screened to determine the experimental concentration of matrine using CCK-8 method. The HUVECs were divided into control group, model group, and low-, medium- and high-concentration (0.5, 1 and 2 mmol/L) matrine groups. An oxidative injury model of HUVECs was induced by H2O2 (0.5 mmol/L), and cell viabilty and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde(MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GPX)levels were detected. The mRNA and protein levels of Kriippel-like factor 4(KLF4), nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), quinone oxidoreductase 1(NQO1) and y-glutamyl cysteine synthetase (y-GCS) were detected using RT-qPCR and Western blot. Changes in these indicators were observed after siRNA-mediated knockdown of KLF4 gene expression and cotreatment with matrine. RESULTS: Compared with model group, the cell viability was increased (P<0. 05), ROS and MDA levels were decreased (PVO. 05), SOD and GPX activity was increased (PVO. 05), and the expression levels of KLF4, NRF2, HO-1, NOQI and y-GCS were increased in matrine groups（PV0. 05）. Inhibiting KLF4 expression significantly weakened the protective effect of matrine against H2O2- induced decrease in cell viability, increase in ROS, and expression of oxidative stress-related molecules（PV0. 05）. CONCLUSION: Matrine can alleviate H2O2-induced oxidative injury in HUVECs by activating KLF4/Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting oxidative stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effects of Pu ’er tea theophycin on TGF-β/Smads pathway, oxidative stress response and energy metabolism of liver in rats with metabolic syndrome. Methods: 60 SPF SD rats were randomly divided into model group, control group, high, medium and low doses of Pu ’er tea theophycin; rats in model group, high, medium and low dose groups were fed with high sugar, high fat and high salt for metabolic syndrome modeling; rats in control group were fed with common diet while modeling. The low-dose group was given 0.281 g/kg·bw theophylcin of Pu ’er tea, the medium-dose group was given 0.562 g/kg·bw, the high-dose group was given 1.124 g/kg·bw, and the control group was given the same amount of distilled water by intragastric administration daily.The effects of Pu-erh tea theophycin on body weight and biochemical indexes of rats were compared. The levels of TNF-β1 protein in heart tissue, oxidative stress response index and energy metabolism index in liver tissue of 5 groups of rats were compared. Results: Compared with the control group, systolic blood pressure, body weight, low density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, insulin resistance index, TNF-β1, Smads, myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde in low, medium and high dose groups and model group were higher, while compared with low dose group, medium and high dose groups and model group were higher.Compared with the medium-dose group, the high-dose group and the model group were higher, and the model group was higher than the high-dose group. Compared with the control group, the high density lipoprotein, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity, superoxidase, ATP, ADP and AMP in low, medium and high dose groups and model group were lower, while compared with low dose group,medium and high dose groups and model group were lower. Compared with the low dose group, the high dose group and the model group were lower. Compared with the high dose, the model group was lower, P＜0.05. Conclusion: Theophycin of Pu ’er tea can improve oxidative stress response and liver energy metabolism through TGF-β/Smads pathway in rats with metabolic syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics (2097-2806) is the property of China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fishmeal on the growth and antioxidant capacity of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei under different storage conditions. Litopenaeus vannamei [(0.40± 0.02) g] were randomly divided into 7 groups of 3 replicates each with 40 shrimp in each replicate. Fish‐ meal was stored at 4 ℃ and room temperature [(20.0~22.5) ℃] for 45 d, 90 d and 135 d. Each group was denoted as FFM, 4-FM45, 4-FM90, 4- FM135, RT-FM45, RT-FM90 and RT-FM135, respectively. The results showed that the shrimp weight gain rate and specific growth rate were sig‐ nificantly higher in the 4-FM45 group at 4 ℃ than in the FFM group (P<0.05) and feed coefficient was significantly lower in the 4-FM45 group than in the FFM group (P<0.05). The total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase and catalase in hepatopancreas were significantly higher in the 4-FM45 group than in the FFM group (P<0.05); GSH-Px mRNA and TRS mRNA expression were significantly higher in the 4-FM45 group than in the FFM (P<0.05). Under room temperature conditions, the weight gain rate of shrimp was significantly higher in the 4-FM45 group than in the FFM group (P<0.05), and the T-AOC and TRS activities in the hepatopancreas were significantly higher in the RT-FM45 group than in the FFM group (P<0.05); TRS mRNA expression was significantly higher in the RT-FM45 group than in all other groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, short-term storage of fishmeal (45 d) significantly enhanced the antioxidant capacity of hepatopancreas of shrimp under both storage temperature conditions and had no significant effect on feed utilization and growth performance of Litopenaeus vannamei; prolonged storage of fishmeal (135 d) significantly reduced the antioxidant capacity of Litopenaeus vannamei. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effects of Jiawei Zuogui pill combined with estrogen and progesterone sequential treatment on the hemodynamics, oxidative stress and immune factors of uterine artery in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). Methods: 100 patients with POI who were admitted to our hospital from October 2019 to October 2021 were included, they were and divided into control group (estrogen and progesterone sequential treatment, 50 cases) and study group (Jiawei Zuogui pill combined with estrogen and progesterone sequential treatment, 50 cases) according to random number table method. The traditional Chinese medical syndrome score, uterine arterial blood flow mechanics, oxidative stress indexes, sex hormone indexes and immune factor indexes were compared in the two groups. Results: After treatment, the scores of menstrual cycle, menstrual volume, soreness of waist and knees, hot flashes and night sweats, dizziness and tinnitus, vaginal dryness, insomnia and dreaminess, five heart upset fever, and decreased sexual desire in two groups decreased, and the study group was lower than the control group(P<0.05). After treatment, the uterine artery peak systolic velocity (Vmax) in the two groups increased, while the pulsation index (PI) and resistance index (RI) decreased, the change degree in the study group was greater than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) in the two groups decreased, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased, and the change degree in the study group was greater than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, estradiol (E2) in the two groups increased, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) decreased, and the change degree in the study group was greater than that in the control group (P<0.05). NK cells and CD8+ in the two groups after treatment decreased, and CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ increased, and the change degree in the study group was greater than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The Jiawei Zuogui pill combined with estrogen and progesterone sequential treatment of patients with POI can effectively improve uterine artery hemodynamics, sex hormones, oxidative stress and immune function, and promote patient recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food & Machinery is the property of Food & Machinery Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food & Machinery is the property of Food & Machinery Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: This study aimed to investigated the effect of ice-temperature vacuum drying on the powder quality of selenium-rich Rugao black pakchoi. Methods: After pretreatment, the fresh black pakchoi was dried to the moisture content of (5.0±0.5) %, and the physical and chemical indexes were investigated, comparing to the control groups of hot-air drying, vacuum drying and freeze-vacuum drying. Results: The vitamin C content of vacuum drying at ice temperature was 554.60 mg/100 g, and the retention rate reached 83.96%, which was 43.11%, 33.57% and 1.61% higher than that of hot-air drying, vacuum drying and freeze-vacuum drying, respectively. Glutathione peroxidase had little activity loss and the best purity maintenance. The retention rates of total phenols and total flavonoids were 59.69% and 60.58%, respectively, which were better than the other three groups. In terms of microstructure, the powder of ice-temperature vacuum drying group was well-distributed, with a smooth and flat surface and less debris. Compared with the other three groups, the ice-temperature vacuum drying group could maintain the original dark green color, and the rehydration and solubility were improved. Conclusion: The ice-temperature vacuum drying process can minimally affect the Rugao black pakchoi powder, and the nutritional quality of this powder is the highest.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect and possible mechanism of sinomenine(SIN) on type 2 diabetic(T2DM) mice with liver cancer(HCC). Methods: Eight-week-old male BALB/c mice(20-25 g) were divided into Control, T2DM+HCC,SIN-L, SIN-M and SIN-H group. Mice in the Control group were fed normally, and mice in other groups were injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin(STZ) and inoculated with hepatocellular carcinoma cells(H22) in liver parenchyma to establish T2DM combined with HCC mice model. Mice in the SIN-L, SIN-M and SIN-H group were intraperitoneally injected with 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg/d of sinomenine, respectively. Mice in the Control group and T2DM+HCC group were intraperitoneally injected with 0.5 m L of normal saline respectively. All the mice were treated for 21 days. 24 hours after the last administration, the liver index was calculated and fasting blood glucose(FPG), fasting insulin(FINS), serum total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG)], alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), liver superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), Glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX)and malondialdehyde(MDA) levels were detected. Liver morphology was observed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining. The protein expression of BCL2, BAX, P53, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3), cytokine signal inhibitor 3(SOCS3) and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1(SREBP-1) in liver tissue were detected by Western blot. Results: The median survival time of T2DM+HCC group, SIN-L group, SIN-M group and SIN-H group was 25, 32, 35 and 41 days respectively(P＜0.001), the median survival time of mice extended with the increase of sinomenine concentration. Compared with T2DM+HCC group, the levels of FPG, FINS, TC and TG in SIN-L, SIN-M and SIN-H group decreased, serum ALT, AST and LDH levels decreased, the basic rules of hepatic cell arrangement, edema, vacuolar degeneration, inflammatory cell infiltration and other lesions were significantly reduced, liver index decreased, liver SOD, CAT and GSH-PX levels increased, liver MDA level decreased, liver BCL2 protein expression decreased, liver BAX and P53 protein expression increased(P＜0.05). Compared with T2DM+HCC group, the expression of p-STAT3(Tyr705), SOCS3 and SREBP-1 protein in liver of SIN-L, SIN-M and SIN-H group decreased in a dose-dependent manner(P＜0.05). Conclusion: Sinomenine can effectively prolong the survival time of type 2 diabetic mice with liver cancer, improve the blood glucose and lipid levels as well as the live function, and inhibit the growth of cancer cells, which may be related to the inhibition of STAT3 signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was to investigate the effect of different protein levels diets on growth performance, intestinal digestive enzymes and antioxidant function of Cyprynus carpio. A total of 270 Cyprynus carpio with an initial average weight of (92.36±3.32) g and an initial body length of (14.84±0.32) cm were randomly divided into three groups, with three replicates in each group and 30 Cyprynus carpio in each replicate. F1 group (43.12%), F2 group (41.96%) and F3 group (38.21) were fed diets with different protein levels, respectively. The experiment lasted for 60 d. The results showed that the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of Cyprynus carpio in F1 group and F2 group were significantly higher than those in F3 group (P<0.05). Intestinal amylase and lipase activity decreased from foregut to hindgut in all groups. The activity of trypsin increased from foregut to hindgut. The activity of serum superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in F1 group were significantly higher than those in F2 group and F3 groups (P<0.05). The study indicates that the feed with protein level of 43.12% has better effect on breeding of Cyprynus carpio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of N-carbamylglutamate(NCG)or taurine(Tau)on reproductive performance, serum antioxidant indices, immunoglobulin levels of sows and the growth performance of piglets. [Methods] Forty-eight Danbred Landrace sows with similar body condition and parity were assigned randomly into 3 groups:control group(basal diet), NCG group(basal diet with 500 mg·kg-1 NCG)and Tau group(basal diet with 600 mg·kg-1 Tau), respectively. The experiment was carried on sows from 35 days of gestation to weaning at 26-day-age of piglets. [Results]1)Compared with the control group, both dietary NCG and Tau supplementation increased the number of heavier piglets(P<0.05), however, no significant difference was found between NCG group and Tau group(P>0.05). 2)Supplementation with dietary NCG and Tau showed a significant increase in piglet vitality(P<0.05); meanwhile, NCG group showed a remarkable decrease in duration of parturition(P<0.05). 3)Compared with the control group and NCG group, dietary supplemented with Tau significantly increased the average daily feed intake(ADFI)of the sows 5 days after delivery(P<0.05), while compared with the control group and Tau group, dietary NCG supplementation significantly increased the ADFI of sows during lactation(P<0.05), and enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)(P<0.05). Meanwhile, compared with control group, the activity of serum glutathione peroxidase(GPx)in NCG and Tau groups increased by 0.41% and 0.03% respectively, the malondialdehyde(MDA)content decreased by 0.43% and 1.71%respectively, but there was no statistical difference(P>0.05). 4)Both NCG and Tau supplementation tended to increase serum IgG(P=0.06)and IgM levels(P=0.07). 5)Compared with the control group and the Tau group, the supplementation with NCG significantly increased the average daily weight gain and average body weight of the weaned piglets(P<0.05); compared with the control group, the supplementation with Tau had no significant effect on the growth performance of the piglets(P>0.05). [Conclusions] Dietary supplemented with 500 mg·kg-1 NCG or 600 mg·kg-1 Tau could increase the number of heavier piglets and enhance the piglets' vitality, and NCG group showed a better efficiency than Tau group. Meanwhile, the supplementation with NCG can also shorten the duration of parturition, improve the feed intake of the sow during lactation period and the growth performance of weaned piglets. The mechanism of this action might be related to the fact that NCG could improve the antioxidant level and immune function of sows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To disuss the effect of glucagon like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist Exendin-4 (E4) on injury of cardiomyocytes in the hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia (HGHL) environment, and to clarify its related mechanism. Methods: The H9C2 cardiomyocytes of the rats were divided into control group, HGHL group, HGHL+E4 group, HGHL+E4+iron death agonist (Erastin) group. The HGHL model of the H9C2 cells was induced by 33 mmol·L-1 glucose and 500 μmol·L-1 palmitate, and the cells in HGHL+E4 group and HGHL+E4+Erastin group were treated with 100 nmol·L-1 E4 and 5 μmol·L-1 Erastin. CCK-8 assay was used to detect the survival rates of cells in various groups; Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining was used to observe the apoptosis of cells in various groups; flow cytometry was used to detected the apoptotic rates of cells in various groups; 2', 7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) fluorescence probe was used to detect the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cells in various groups; the corresponding kit was used to detect the levels of glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in cells in various groups; JC-1 staining was used to detect the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in cells in various groups; FerroOrange fluorescence probe was used to detect the levels of Fe2+ in the cells in various groups; Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) in the cells in various groups. Results: Compared with control group, the survival rate of cells in HGHL group was decreased (P<0. 05), and the cells were fragmented and collapsed, which showed apoptotic morphology; the apoptotic rate and the levels of ROS and MDA in the cells were increased (P<0. 05), the levels of GSH and MMP were decreased (P<0. 05), the level of Fe2+ was increased (P<0. 05), and the expression levels of GPX4 and SLC7A11 proteins were decreased (P<0. 05). Compared with HGHL group, the survival rate of the cells in HGHL+E4 group was increased (P<0. 05), and the apoptosis was decreased; the apoptotic rate and the levels of ROS and MDA were decreased (P<0. 05), while the levels of GSH and MMP were increased (P<0. 05), the level of Fe2+ was decreased (P<0. 05), and the expression levels of GPX4 and SLC7A11 proteins were decreased (P<0. 05). Compared with HGHL+E4 group, the survival rate of the cells in HGHL+E4+Erastin group was decreased (P<0. 05), the cell fragmentation and wrinkling were obviously decreased, the apoptotic rate and the levels of ROS and MDA were increased (P<0. 05), the levels of GSH and MMP were decreased (P<0. 05), the level of Fe2+ was increased (P<0. 05), and the expression levels of GPX4 and SLC7A11 proteins were decreased (P< 0. 05). Conclusion: GLP-1R agonists can reduce the cardiomyocyte injury in the HGHL environment, and the protective effect may be related to inhibiting the iron death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Some studies have found that ferroptosis of osteoblasts can be an important mechanism to induce the occurrence and development of hormone-induced femoral head necrosis. With the development of Chinese medicine, some scholars have found that some Chinese medicine monomer, Chinese medicine compound and Chinese patent medicine can regulate the ferroptosis of osteoblasts through various pathway mechanisms, and finally play a role in the treatment of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between ferroptosis and steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head and the mechanism of Chinese medicine regulating ferroptosis of osteoblasts in the treatment of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head, so as to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head. METHODS: With “ferroptosis, steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head, osteoblast, Chinese herbal medicine, glucocorticoid, iron metabolism, reactive oxygen species, glutathione peroxidase” as Chinese search terms, and “ferroptosis, hormonal necrosis of the femoral head, osteoblast, Chinese herbal medicine, glucocorticoid, iron metabolism, ROS, GPX4” as English search terms, the search was conducted on CNKI, PubMed, WanFang, VIP and other databases. The relevant articles on osteoblast ferroptosis and steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head and the regulation of Chinese herbal medicine intervention from the establishment of each database to 2023 were screened. Finally, 76 articles were systematically analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Ferroptosis of osteoblasts plays an important role in the pathogenesis of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head. (2) The occurrence of ferroptosis in osteoblasts is regulated by a variety of mechanisms, such as intracellular iron overload causing ferroptosis. Lipid peroxidation damages cell membrane and causes ferroptosis. Cystine/glutamate reverse transporter induced ferroptosis by influencing glutathione level and glutathione peroxidase 4 activity. Fenton reaction in the cell produces a large number of reactive oxygen species and causes ferroptosis. (3) Chinese medicine monomer icariin, Chinese medicine compound Qinge pills and Chinese patent medicine Bushen Huoxue granules can regulate the occurrence of osteoblast ferroptosis, and help to prevent and treat steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head. (4) The mechanism of ferroptosis in osteoblasts is still unclear. Further investigation on the mechanism of action of both is expected to provide a new choice for clinical treatment of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]