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Objective To investigate the clinical and radiological characteristics of parakinesia brachialis oscitans (PBD) related to yawning in stroke patient and its mechanism. Methods We reported 4 patients with involuntary raising of the paralyzed limbs when yawning in neurological unit of Hainan Branch of Chinese PLA General Hospital, and analyzed their clinical characteristics together with published cases in literatures. Results In this group of stroke patients, when they yawned, their paralyzed upper limb could lift upward involuntarily. Totally 22 patients with ischemic (n=20) and hemorrhagic (n=2) stroke were enrolled. Brain imaging showed infarcts in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in 17 patients and in the brain stem in 5 patients. This phenomenon occurred 4 hours to 4 months (14.57±31.66d) after stroke onset, and lasted from 1 week to 3 years (6.70±11.66 months). Corticobulbar tract and pyramidal tract were both damaged in these 22 patients. The mechanism might be that after corticobulbar tract and pyramidal tract damaged, their dominant role in the cranial nerve nuclei of the brainstem and the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord disappeared, and the projection of oxytocinergic neurons from paraventricular nucleus functions, thus causing yawning and muscle contraction. Conclusion PBO may be a rare phenomenon of abnormal movement after stroke. This phenomenon indicates damaging of pyramidal tract, and PBO disappears gradually with the recovery of pyramidal tract function. DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2018.03.09

Objective To observe the protective effects of Chinese herbal compound Tenghuanglin (THL) against memory and sperm damage induced by microwave radiation in rats. Methods Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, radiation group, AduoLaFuzhenglin treatment (ADL) group and THL treatment (THL) group (10 in each). Before radiation, rats in ADL and THL groups were treated with AduoLaFuzhenglin (12g•kg-1•d-1) and THL (1g•kg-1•d-1) respectively by intragastric administration once per day for 7 days. Then, the rats in radiation, ADL and THL groups were exposed to 30mW/cm2 microwave once for 15min, and rats in normal group received sham-radiation. Morris water maze was adopted to detect the learning and memory function of rats 1-6 days after radiation, and the changes of sperm motility in rats were observed on day 7 post-radiation. Results Morris water maze tests showed that the escape latency was significantly shorter in ADL group and THL group than in RAD group on day 2-6 after withdrawal (P

Objective To observe the effects of Tenghuanglin (THL) on injury to peripheral T and B lymphocytes induced by microwave radiation in rats, and explore the protective effects of THL against derangement of immunity in rat injury induced by microwave irradiation and its mechanism. Methods Eighty clean male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group (CON group), radiation group (RAD group), AduoLa Fuzhenglin (ADL) treatment group and THL treatment group, with 20 rats in each group. Before radiation, rats in ADL group and THL group were treated with ADL and THL respectively by gavage once per day for 7 days. Then, whole body of the rats was respectively exposed to 30 mW/cm2 microwave for 15 min. Rats in CON group were shamradiated. The changes in splenic CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets and CD45RA+ B lymphocyte subset were analyzed 7 and 14 days after radiation. Results Seven days after radiation, the splenic coefficient of RAD group was lower than that of CON group and THL group (P0.05). The CD45RA+ B cell proportion of RAD group was lower than those of CON group and ADL group 7 days after radiation (P0.05). Conclusions The splenic T and B lymphocytes subsets decrease significantly at the early stage after microwave radiation in rats. Because of the rapid decrease in CD4+ T cell proportion, decreased CD4/CD8 ratio could lead to immune imbalance. Preventive treatment with THL could increase the T and B lymphocyte proportions and improve the CD4/CD8 ratio in rats after microwave radiation. DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2014.12.14

Objective To observe the effect of Tenghuanglin (THL) on peripheral T and B lymphocyte subsets in microwave irradiated rats, and explore the protective effect of THL on injury to immunity induced by microwave irradiation and its mechanism. Methods Eighty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=20): normal control group (CON), radiation group (RAD), radiation + Anduolin (positive control drug) treatment group (ADL), and radiation + THL treatment group (THL). Rats in ADL and THL groups received gavage of the individual drug once a day for 7 days, and then exposed to 30mW/cm2 microwave whole body for 15min. Rats in RAD group received same dose of microwave irradiation, and those in CON group received sham irradiation. The animals were sacrificed on 7th and 14th day after irradiation, and the changes in peripheral blood smear was observed, and CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets, and CD45RA+ B lymphocyte subset were determined. Results Fourteen days after irradiation, peripheral red blood cells in RAD group was obviously lower than those in CON, ADL and THL groups, and there was no statistically significant difference of red cell count between CON, ADL and THL groups. Seven days after irradiation, peripheral CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in RAD group were lower in number than those in CON group, and they did not return to normal level up to 14th day. The peripheral CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in THL and ADL groups were obviously higher than those in RAD group, and peripheral CD3+, CD4+ T cells were still higher than those in RAD group 14d after irradiation, while the peripheral CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in THL and ADL groups were similar both at 7th and 14th day. Seven days after irradiation, the CD4/CD8 ratio was lower in RAD group than that in CON and THL groups (P

Objective To explore the regular pattern of variation of cytokines, especially the Th1/Th2 cytokines, and its effect on immune balance in stress induced by 35GHz millimeter-wave (MMW) exposure in mice. Methods BALB/c mice were exposed to 420mW/cm2, 35GHz MMW for 60s, and the dorsal skin temperature was real-time monitored with infrared monitor during the period of exposure. Peripheral WBC, thymic and splenic indexes of mice were detected at different time points after MMW exposure. Meanwhile, the contents of serum IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and Th1/Th2 cytokines IFN-γ, IL-4 were analyzed by ELISA. Results The temperature of ear auricle rapidly increased to 50℃ after initiation of exposure, and continuously rose to about 60℃ at 50s to 60s. Peripheral WBC and lymphocytes showed transient reduction at 6h and restored to the control level from 1 to 7d after radiation exposure. Compared with control group, thymus index displayed a transient increase at 6h and thereafter decreased, and then diminished to which significantly lower than control level 7d after radiation exposure. However, spleen index increased significantly on day 3 and day 7 after radiation exposure. Peripheral IL-1β levels immediately increased to the maximum at 6h and decreased to the minimum at 1d (P

Objective To observe the process of wound healing and investigate the characteristics of Treg/Th17 balance in rats with combined wound and 5 Gy whole-body γ-radiation (CWR) for exploring the interrelationship between wound healing and the immune balance of Treg/Th17. Methods Sixty-five female Wistar rats (clean grade) were randomly divided, depending on weight, into normal control group (normal), wound only group (MW) and wound plus 5 Gy whole body γ-radiation group (RW). The wound area was measured with image analyzer, the peripheral white blood cells (WBC) and lymphocytes (LYM) were counted with automatic cytometry, and the percentage of splenic regulatory T cells (Tregs) and Th17 cells was analyzed by flow cytometry at different time points post CWR. Results (1) The residual wound area was much greater in RW group than in MW group (P

The innate immune response may be activated quickly once the organism is invaded by exotic pathogens. An excessive immune response may result in inflammation and tissue damage, whereas an insufficient immune response may result in infection. Nervous system may regulate the intensity of innate immune responses by releasing neurotransmitters, neuropeptides and hormones. Compared with the complicated neuro-immune system in mammals, it is much simpler in Caenorhabditis elegans. Besides, C. elegans is accessible to genetic, molecular biology and behavioral analyses, so it has been used in studies on neuro-immune interactions. It has been revealed recently in the studies with C. elegans that the neuronal pathways regulating innate immune responses primarily include a transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway, an insulin/insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF) pathway and dopaminergic neurotransmission. Since these pathways are evolutionally conservative, so it might be able to provide some new ideas for the research on neuro-immune interactions at molecular levels. The recent progress in this field has been reviewed in present paper.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of microwave radiation on peripheral lymphocyte subpopulations in Wistar rats.Methods A total of 100 Wistar rats(180-220g) were exposed to microwave with different average power densities of 5,10,30 and 60 mW/cm2,and sham exposure of 0mW/cm2 was performed in a control group at the same time.At day 1,7,14 and 28 after microwave irradiation,the changes in peripheral CD3+,CD4+,CD8+ T cells,ratio of CD4+/CD8+ and CD45RA+ B lymphocyte in rats were analyzed by flow cytometry(FCM).Results The CD3+ T cells decreased significantly in 10-30mW/cm2 groups at day 7 and in 5-30 mW/cm2 groups at day 14 after radiation as compared with control group(P < 0.05),and CD4+ T cells decreased significantly in 10mW/cm2 group at day 14 after radiation as compared with control group(P < 0.01).From day 1 to day 14 after radiation,CD8+ T cells showed a reduction in number in all irradiated groups when compared with the control,but statistical significance was only found in the 30mW/cm2 group(P < 0.05).The CD4+/CD8+ ratio increased in 5mW/cm2 group on day 1,while decreased significantly in 5-30mW/cm2 groups on day 14 after radiation as compared with control group(P < 0.05).After microwave exposure,however,CD45RA+ B cells in 30mW/cm2 group at day 1 and in 30-60mW/cm2 groups at day 14 after radiation increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion A definite dosage of microwave radiation,ranging from 5-60mW/cm2,may induce changes in subpopulations of peripheral lymphocytes and cause acute immune function impairment in rats.