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The urbanization has been changing the pattern of land use, and at the same time has affected the amount of carbon stored in the carbon pools of terrestrial ecosystem so that the ecosystem' s regulating power has been declined, which is directly related to the supply of urban ecosystem service values, and the land use planning. Therefore, for the purpose of sustainable development in the process of urban development, it is of great significance to make clear the spatio-temporal changes of ecosystem carbon storage and the evolution of land use; however, in current relevant studies, a single land use/cover (LULC) dataset is usually used to estimate carbon stocks, so that the results of those studies come to be rather uncertain. Hence, in this study the integrated valuation model of ecosystem services and the trade-offs (InVEST) model are utilized, combining with the multiple commonly-used LULC datasets, to explore the impact of dataset selection on carbon stock estimation and land use type evolution in a typical city, e.g., Chongqing City, in order to better reflect the spatial and temporal changes in carbon stocks and the type of land use evolution during the city' s urban development. As a result, the study presents that the LULC change in Chongqing over the past 10 years is rather severe than before, and a large amount of cultivated land shifted to forest land or construction land, and compared with the years 2000-2010, during 2010-2020 the average area of cultivated land transferred to construction land is more than 400 km²; the carbon storage estimated by different datasets varies slightly, and the estimated storage was between 972.08~1 069.70 Tg C (1012 g C), the closer the area to the main city zone, the more remarkable decline in carbon storage, and the carbon storage of the main city zone decreased by (2.8±0.6) Tg C during the past 20 years. In addition, the study reveals that in the process of rapid urban development, the evolution of land use pattern rather accelerated, so more attention should be paid to ecological environmental protection, strictly adhering to the red line of land use. Summarily, the achievement of the study could offer a data support for urban land resource management, being conducive to formulating more scientific land resource management planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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(1) Background--Ecological industrialization takes ecological resources as the main research subject and realizes the economic value of ecological products and services by means of socialized production and market-oriented operation. (2) Methods--The weights of each index in the evaluation index system of ecological industrialization development level were determined according to entropy weight method, and the development level of ecological industrialization was measured by entropy weight TOP SIS model. (3) Results--First, the overall development level of ecological industrialization of the state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang Province was low from 2001 to 2008, and the development index of other system levels was low except for the high development index of ecological environment quality. Due to the implementation of a series of ecological projects, the development index of ecological industrialization from 2009 to 2018 began to improve, and the development index of the four system levels also began to increase. Affected by the system transformation of Yichun Forest Industry Group and the COVID-19 pandemic, the development index of ecological industrialization from 2019 to 2021 began to decline. In addition to the continuous increase in the ecological environment quality level, the development index of the other three system levels declined. Second, the obstacle degree of each system level of ecological industrialization of the state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang Province showed a trend of fluctuation decline from 2001 to 2018. Except for ecological environment quality level, the obstacle degree of the other system levels increased from 2019 to 2021. There were 17 obstacle factors affecting the development level of ecological industrialization, among which the average obstacle degree of forest resource index, pollution management index, industrial structure index and output value of pillar industry was the highest. (4) Conclusions and Discussions--First, the development level of ecological industrialization of the state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang Province showed a fluctuating upward trend from 2001 to 2021, and the development level of ecological industrialization was constantly improving. Second, the change trend of the development level of the system level of ecological industrialization was different. The development level of the ecological environment quality continued to rise, while the development level of the other three system levels fluctuated first and then continued to decline. Third, the change of system level obstacle degree affecting the development of ecological industrialization had phases. The obstacle degree of ecological environment quality was the largest from 2001 to 2018, and the pillar industry level became the new main obstacle factor from 2018 to 2021. Fourth, the distribution of indexes restricting the development of ecological industrialization of the state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang province was uneven in each system level. Forest resources, pollution management, industrial structure and output value of pillar industries were the main obstacle factors. According to the above research conclusions, the following policy recommendations are put forward: First, give priority to protection and improve the quality of the ecological environment. Second, optimize the industrial layout and improve the regional economic level. Third, extend the industrial chain and improve the level of pillar industries. Fourth, expand financing channels and increase capital investment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

⑴ Background——There is a complex relationship between forest dependence and residents' livelihoods. The relative forest income method is widely used to measure the degree of forest dependence of micro-subjects in the academic circles, and there are some limitations in discussing the diversity and complexity of forest dependence. ⑵ Methods——The research objects of this paper are the employees' families in the key state-owned forest regions. The relative forest income method and the forest dependence index method were used to measure the degree of forest dependence of the employees' families respectively, and the results were compared and analyzed. ⑶ Results——The degrees of forest dependence of employees' families in the key state-owned forest regions measured by using the relative forest income method and the forest dependence index method are significantly different. The degree of forest dependence is divided into four categories: “less dependent”, “medium dependent”, “highly dependent” and “very dependent”. The results show that the proportion of employees' families with “very dependent” measured by using the RFI method is the highest(47.41%),while the proportion of employees' families with “highly dependent” measured by using the FDI method is the highest(78.93%).The employees' families with “very dependent” measured by using the two methods are different. The proportion of wage income in the employees' families with “very dependent” measured by using the relative forest income method is very high, while the forestry income in the employees' families with “very dependent” measured by using the forest dependence index method is diversified. In terms of family consumptions and living conditions, the higher the forest dependence index, the lower the proportion of living expenses and the worse living conditions, while the higher the relative forest income, the higher the proportion of living expenses and the better living conditions. It can be seen that the relative forest income method overestimates the degree of forest dependence of the employees' families to some extent, while the forest dependency index method can better describe the situation of the employees' families which depend on forests for their livelihoods. ⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——First, the degrees of forest dependence of the employees' families in the key state-owned forest regions measured by using the relative forest income method and the forest dependence index method are 0.56 and 0.71 respectively, indicating that the degree of forest dependence of the employees' families is higher. Second, in the two measuring methods, the per capita income and per capita consumption of the employees' families generally decline as the degree of forest dependence increases. Third, in the two measuring methods, the specific income, consumption structures and living conditions of the employees' families all show different trends with the increase of the degree of forest dependence. Fourth, the relative forest income method overestimates the degree of forest dependence of the employees' families to some extent, while the results measured by using the forest dependence index method are more consistent with the actual situations of the employees' families in the key state-owned forest regions, because it can answer the questions of how much, how and why the employees' families depend on forests. Therefore, the forest dependence index can become an effective basis for identifying vulnerable groups in policy making, so that the policy priorities are tilted towards the employees' families with the highest degree of forest dependence and the lowest living standards, and the funds of natural forest resources protection project have a greater effect on people's livelihoods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conquest of nature is a major feature of industrial civilization. Although the overall level of Yunnan industrialization during the Republic of China was not high, the destruction of forests by human activities should not be underestimated. The huge demand for wood was the root cause of the continued decline in forest coverage. With the deepening of forest destruction, its negative effects were increasingly apparent, which became the internal driving force for the official emphasis on afforestation. The Yunnan provincial government realized the importance of ecological and social value of forest resources, and its attitude towards forest protection and forest expansion became increasingly decisive due to the aggravation of forest destruction. However, because of the combination of factors such as the Japanese War of Aggression Against China, financial difficulties, low level of public participation and weak administrative system, the ‘afforestation movement’ led by the government did not fundamentally reverse the decreasing trend of forest resources in the province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)