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Copyright of Zhejiang Electric Power is the property of Zhejiang Electric Power Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology (10036504) is the property of Editorial Board of Environmental Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Under the constraints of the ‘dual carbon’ goals, investigating the impact of market-based environmental regulations on enterprise value has significant implications for enhancing the enthusiasm and initiative among enterprises to participate and achieving a ‘win-win’ situation in environmental protection and enterprise development. Using the carbon emissions trading pilot policy as a natural experiment and data from eight pilot industries in China's A-share market from 2008 to 2020, this study further investigated the impact mechanisms and heterogeneity of the policy on enterprise value on the basis of the parallel trend sensitivity test and the processing effect heterogeneity test, and examined the effects of the policy on enterprise value using robust estimators. The results showed that: ① After the implementation of the carbon emissions trading pilot policy, the enterprise value in the pilot area significantly increased, and this conclusion held after a series of robustness tests. ② Mechanism analysis found that this policy could improve enterprise value by improving enterprise ESG performance and that analyst attention had a dynamic moderating effect. By adjusting the two paths of the intermediation process, analysts not only adjusted the impact of the carbon emissions trading pilot policy on enterprise ESG performance but also adjusted the impact of enterprise ESG performance on enterprise value, thus strengthening the mediating role of enterprise ESG performance. ③ Heterogeneity analysis showed that the effects of this policy were more pronounced in regions with strong law enforcement, high attention to environmental governance, and an 'open economic order' business environment. Based on these research results, countermeasures and suggestions are put forward, including: focusing on the key links of the implementation of the carbon emissions trading pilot policy; actively improving the allocation mechanism for carbon market quotas and giving full play to their incentive mechanisms; standardizing the behavior of ESG information disclosure, and continuously improving the ‘information transmission’ and ‘external supervision’ functions of analysts to further strengthen the catalytic role of ESG performance. Additionally, the construction of a ‘promising government’ should be strengthened, the important role of local governments to environmental governance should be heeded, law enforcement should be strengthened, a neutral and inclusive competition policy should be maintained, and the high-quality development of the carbon trading market with a competitive open market should be promoted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a voluntary individual carbon trading mechanism, the carbon generalized system of preferences (CGSP) aims to promote individuals' active practice of low-carbon behaviors through the incentive model of 'who reduces emissions, who benefits from the practice.' It is an extension and expansion of the carbon emission trading mechanism to the individual level, and it is of great significance to evaluate the carbon emission performance of this policy to tap the emission reduction potential of individual society and enrich the environmental policy tool system. Based on the quasi-natural experiment of the implementation of the CGSP in Guangdong Province in 2015, this paper empirically evaluated the policy effect of the CGSP in improving regional carbon emission performance by using the synthetic control method and provincial panel data from 2005 to 2021 and further explored the mechanism of the policy effect. The results showed that the implementation of the CGSP was conducive to improving regional carbon emission performance and promoting the reduction of regional total carbon emissions, per capita carbon emissions, and carbon emission intensity. In the seven years from 2015 to 2021, the policy intervention reduced the total carbon emissions of Guangdong Province by an average of 40.94 million tons, per capita carbon emissions by 0.294 tons, and carbon emission intensity by 0.312 tons/10 000 yuan. This conclusion was still valid after the placebo test, ranking test, and test excluding other policy interferences. Further intermediary tests showed that the CGSP acted on regional carbon emissions through two intermediary pathways: promoting public green travel and reducing electricity consumption. But the mediating path with energy consumption as the mediating variable did not hold. The study reveals the effectiveness of both incentivized and voluntary individual carbon trading mechanisms in environmental governance and makes the following policy recommendations: ① We should pay attention to the emission reduction potential of social individuals on the consumer side, gradually incorporate individual carbon trading mechanisms into carbon emission reduction governance, and encourage local governments to apply and develop the CGSP according to local conditions. ② In the design of CGSP, it is necessary to improve the incentive mechanism in low-carbon travel scenarios and low-carbon life scenarios and improve the convenience of public participation in emission reduction. ③ It is necessary to develop a more scientific carbon-inclusive quantitative verification methodology and build a comprehensive carbon trading system covering the public and industrial enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the emergence of climate-themed trade measures, it is increasingly crucial to promote the globalization of China's national carbon emissions trading system (C-ETS) with Chinese characteristics in a proactive, systematic, and orderly manner. Existing studies have largely focused on 'point-to-point' responses to international pressure and/or on the construction of a domestic carbon ETS primarily for institutional self-sufficiency. Altogether, the current literature may fail to sufficiently inform authorities, particularly on how to effectively address the urgent need to safeguard economic and trade interests and, further, on how to systematically accommodate the strategic need to enhance low-carbon competitiveness for the future and to assume a more active role under future global governance. Therefore, this study analyzes the three major challenges faced by the C-ETS systematically and, from the interdisciplinary perspectives of law and economics, identifies the theoretical nature and guiding principles of globalizing the C-ETS. Furthermore, based on an analysis of institutional background (i.e., international law and associated carbon-themed guidelines) and practical basis (i.e., associated domestic and international practices and the status quo of carbon-themed global competitions), this study evaluates the technical feasibility, legal compatibility, economic co-benefits, and political desirability of various paths, identifies key areas and low-carbon standards, and further proposes three-stage paths. Ultimately, this study finds that:(1) From the perspective of climate trade policy linkages, the key to globalizing the C-ETS is to leverage China's economic and trade influences to systematically promote low-carbon standards thereof. (2) Differing from international practices, e.g., those of the EU, China's globalization emphasizes the dynamic interaction between climate justice and mitigation efficiency to better balance domestic and global interests as well as climate pledges and domestic industrial competitiveness. (3) Significant differences exist in the goals, implementing entities, and paths of globalization across different fields of mandatory and voluntary ETSs, intersections of trade and climate change mitigation, and mechanisms for sharing carbon costs. Altogether, this study provides theoretical rationale and policy suggestions for public actors at the national, regional, and city levels, particularly as to taking a more prominent role in future global climate governance. It further lays a theoretical foundation for private actors, such as Chinese enterprises, industry associations, and financial institutions, to engage in soft-law-governed global carbon governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increasing attention paid to the environment by all sectors of society, green and sustainable development has become one of the development themes of the current era. Pollutant emission trading and carbon Emissions trading are important means of building a green trading market, an inevitable requirement for improving the marketization mechanism of the modern environmental governance system, and a critical path method to promote the establishment and improvement of the value realization mechanism of ecological products. The trading system of pollutants and carbon emissions rights has the characteristics of similar management, coordinated emission reduction, and cross-scope. The synergy of the two will greatly improve environmental management efficiency, reduce implementation costs, and reduce pollutant emissions. This paper summarizes the current status of the feasibility study on the carbon pollutants emission trading system, points out the problems encountered in the construction of the two systems, proposes the path design for the synergy of pollutants and carbon emissions trading trading mechanisms, and on this basis, puts forward suggestions on improving relevant regulatory systems, promoting the synergy of monitoring mechanisms, and carrying out the evaluation of the synergy benefits of carbon and pollutants emission trading environment, a feasible path has been proposed for global green and sustainable development and pollution control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pearl River is the property of Pearl River Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Although the Interim Regulations on the Management of Carbon Emissions Trading have been included in the annual legislative plan of China' s State Council for two years, they are still pending. The reason is that the existing carbon emissions trading system has not been standardized within the existing legal system. Therefore, as the logical starting point for the construction of the carbon emissions trading system, carbon emissions should be clarified as a usufructuary right at first, which is beneficial to the distribution and transfer of carbon emission rights in the primary market and to the circulation of carbon emission rights in the secondary market. This also conforms to the legislative purpose of the Interim Regulations on the Management of Carbon Emissions Trading and the logic of the legal economics theory. Secondly, the carbon emissions trading market should be constructed at three levels: ① The allocation and trading of carbon emission rights in the primary market can be conducted in two ways: for free or in the form of a paid auction. For projects involving major public interests, carbon emission rights can be allocated for free; for other carbon emission subjects, carbon emission rights should be allocated in the form of a paid auction. ② In the secondary market, it should be clarified that the transaction of security by carbon emission rights is in the form of a mortgage, not a pledge. At the same time, carbon emission right guarantee transactions should be registered in the registration system of the People' s Bank of China. ③ In the tertiary market, asset-backed securitization and factoring financing of carbon emission rights should be developed. Finally, in order to resist the price fluctuation and transaction risk caused by the failure of the market, it is necessary to establish an administrative supervision system. It is also vital to establish a repurchase and release mechanism and a storage and lending mechanism related to the stabilization of the carbon emission right transaction price so that the carbon emissions trading market can develop in a stable way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of China’s goals of reaching peak carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality, key technical support is urgently needed for carbon neutrality technology innovation. Then, what is the impact of carbon emissions trading policies aimed at encouraging economic entities to make independent technological innovation through the ‘invisible hand’ on carbon neutrality technology innovation? There have been few empirical studies on this issue. Therefore, based on the panel data from 2009 to 2019, the article re‑ garded the carbon emissions trading pilot policy carried out since 2013 in some provinces and municipalities as a natural experiment, using the difference-in-differences method to evaluate its net impact on carbon neutrality technology innovation, its short- and long-term effects, and its mechanism of action. The study also made a further analysis of its policy effects. The results showed that: ① The carbon emissions trading policy significantly promoted carbon neutrality technology innovation in the pilot areas, and this conclusion still held in a series of robustness tests, including the placebo test and the instrumental variable method. ② The policy’s short- and long-term promoting effects were significant, and the long-term effect was greater. ③ The policy effect was mainly realized by increasing R&D capital investment and increasing R&D personnel investment, and the promoting effect of these two mechanisms was stronger in the long run. ④ Compared with the central and western regions, the multi-quota allocation mode, the regions with low to medium carbon prices, and the negative-carbon technology innovation, the policy effect was more obvious in the eastern region, the free allocation mode, the high carbon price regions, and the non-negative-carbon technology innovation. In view of this, China should accelerate the training of professional personnel, such as carbon traders and carbon emission managers, to help achieve the goals of reaching peak car‑ bon emissions and carbon neutrality. China should also further develop a unified national carbon market, strengthen the coordinated management of the carbon market to promote the balanced development of various regions, accelerate the improvement of its carbon pilot quota distribution mechanism, increase the quota auction proportion appropriately, and make the carbon price fully reflect the cost of carbon reduction and play a better incentive role. While developing mainstream low-carbon technologies, we should focus on negativecarbon technologies and promote major breakthroughs in carbon neutrality technology innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zhejiang Electric Power is the property of Zhejiang Electric Power Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology (10036504) is the property of Editorial Board of Environmental Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Technology Economics is the property of Chinese Society of Technology Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Promoting environmental regulation and the reduction of carbon emissions are the key path to guide the high-quality development. Based on the concept of high-quality development, a framework for evaluating the urban ecological well-being performance(UEWP)was constructed, the quality of economic development of 253 prefecture-level cities in China from 2010 to 2019 was measured using the Super-SBM model, and a quasi-natural experiment of China's carbon emissions trading policy(CETP)was constructed using differences-in-differences(DID)model, in order to measure the impact and effect mechanism of the implementation of CETP on the UEWP. The results show that the average values of UEWP in China show a distribution pattern of being higher in the eastern region, lower in the western region and lowest in the middle region; the overall trend of UEWP is fluctuating upward; CETP has significantly improved UEWP; urban heterogeneity tests illustrate that CETP plays more significant role in promoting UEWP of cities in the middle region and the central cities. CETP can advance industrial structure upgrading, thereby promoting UEWP; however, there is no evidence that CETP can stimulate the regional Porter effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an innovative carbon financial system for using carbon emission rights as collateral to secure financing, the system of carbon emission rights guarantee financing is based on the requirements of reaching peak emissions and achieving carbon neutrality and derived from the construction and operation of the carbon emissions trading market. Such a system can provide enterprises with funds that would otherwise be unavailable to foster energy conservation and emission reduction transition, provide financial institutions with new risk management tools, intensify the price discovery and resource allocation function of the carbon market, further promote the development of a carbon-neutral economy, green finance, and a carbon emission trading market, and realize the win-win objective of economic benefits and environmental benefits. However, due to a lack of formal laws and delegated regulations, the industry standard, local guidelines, and exchange rules on carbon emission rights guarantee financing are vague, inconsistent, and conflicting, causing carbon emission rights guarantee financing to encounter multiple problems, including the undefined legal nature of carbon emission rights, the controversial methods of using carbon emission rights as collateral, the uncertain registration authority of carbon emission rights guarantee financing, the controversial channel of handling collaterals, and the nonstandard use of loan funding. These problems have impeded the development of carbon emission rights guarantee financing. Therefore, it is imperative to comprehensively consider the multi-factors of law, policy, market, society, and environment, balance the multiple values of efficiency, fairness, and order, and then, in a practical and prudent manner, draw a conclusion that is best suited to the evolving trends of the current carbon market system, the stage characteristic of green transformation, and the need for financial innovation and development. Accordingly, this article argues that carbon emission rights should be defined as administrative permission rights, the manner of guarantee should be identified as a pledge, the carbon emission exchanges should be authorized as the registration authority of carbon emission rights guarantee financing, the channel of handling collateral should be confined to carbon emission exchanges, and the use of loan funding should be limited to projects involving energy conservation and emission reduction. By providing a stable and formal legal framework, carbon emission rights guarantee financing will have a brighter future of steady functioning and efficient growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electric Power Automation Equipment / Dianli Zidonghua Shebei is the property of Electric Power Automation Equipment Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Railway Science & Engineering is the property of Journal of Railway Science & Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Technology Economics is the property of Chinese Society of Technology Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As a key policy tool for China' s achievement of the goals of reaching peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality, the carbon emissions trading mechanism has attracted widespread attention for its effect on reducing pollution and carbon emissions. This study incorporated carbon dioxide reduction and environmental pollution control into the same research framework. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2010 to 2019, it took the carbon emissions trading mechanism as the policy background and used the improved entropy weight TOPSIS model to calculate the environmental pollution index to measure the local environmental quality and environmental pollution degree. The intersection term of carbon emissions and environmental pollution index was used to characterize the level of pollution reduction and carbon reduction. The difference-in-differences model and the synthetic control method were used to empirically test the pollution and carbon emission reduction effects of the carbon emissions trading mechanism. The results showed that: (1) From the perspective of the average treatment effect of the policy, the carbon emissions trading mechanism reduced the emissions of carbon dioxide and environmental pollutants in the pilot provinces compared with non-pilot provinces. After adding relevant control variables, the level of pollution and carbon reduction in the pilot provinces increased by 16%. From the perspective of the policy effects of pilot individuals, Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, and Chongqing performed better; that is, their carbon emissions showed a significant downward trend, followed by Guangdong, while Hubei performed worse. (2) The influential mechanisms and heterogeneity test revealed that the carbon emissions trading system achieved an increase in the synergistic governance level of pollution and carbon reduction through energy consumption restructuring and technological innovation. (3) Meanwhile, the pollution and carbon reduction levels showed regional heterogeneity, with the eastern and western regions performing best and the central region performing poorly. Furthermore, a grey correlation model was used to investigate the relationship between the pollution and carbon reduction levels and the potential for synergistic emission reduction in each province. The results found that the average correlation degree of Shanghai, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, and Xinjiang was greater than other provinces, showing a higher level and potential. Therefore, it is necessary to accelerate and improve the construction of the national carbon emissions trading market; give full play to the synergistic emissions reduction effects of market-based carbon emissions trading policies on carbon dioxide emissions and environmental pollutants; and accelerate the synergy of carbon emissions trading policies by increasing investment in technological innovation and the transformation and upgrading of energy consumption structures and formulating regionally differentiated carbon emission reduction policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Taiwan Law Review is the property of Angle Publishing Co., Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Following the path set by the Paris Agreement, the Glasgow Climate Conference made an important contribution to carbon market linkages by developing an international normative document on trading ITMOs and A6.4ERs. However, with the emergence of multilateral and bilateral carbon market linkage patterns under the 'Article 6.2 cooperation approach' and 'Article 6.4 mechanism,' the current legal hollowing-out problems manifested by fuzzy obligation distribution, weak reduction mechanisms, and rough accounting transformation have become increasingly prominent. In order to deconstruct the crux of the times, it is necessary to exclude the transcendental non-positive legal factors, to interpret the legal provisions in accordance with the legal logic, and to reflect on the legal norms themselves. Through the interpretation of legal relations under the effect of international legal norms, this study focuses on the substantial impact of the future evolution of the order of governance on China. Such observations further focus on the dilemma caused by the problem, namely, the unclear roles of buyers and sellers, the uncontrolled supply of carbon credits, and the unclear ownership of transactions. Under the background of the initial opening of the national carbon market and the gradual formation of the international carbon market, it is necessary for China to adhere to the overall consideration of both domestic and international situations and lay out the construction path based on China' s value demands and the international consensus of justice. Specifically, we should formulate model bilateral agreements under 'Article 6.2 cooperation approach' and model contracts under 'Article 6.4 mechanism' to clarify the rights and obligations between subjects. We should strengthen the promotion mechanism and compliance mechanism of carbon credit issuance in linked markets and improve the standardization and transparency of carbon credit authorization and issuance rules, so as to create carbon credit supply rules in the linked carbon market. We should also incorporate the legal system concerning the linkages into the domestic regulatory system, such as the 'Measures for the Administration of Carbon Emission Trading' and so on. We should introduce related judicial review into the legal system concerning the linkages; reserve the right type space of carbon emission units but confirm their attributes as assets; stipulate the ownership relationship of carbon credits and the requirements for confirming the rights of the right holder; establish source-based multi-level conversion rules of carbon credits; and negotiate the bilateral conversion provisions under the 'Article 6.2 cooperation approach' and the multilateral conversion rules under the 'Article 6.4 mechanism.' In this way, the legitimacy and system of linkage market transactions can be enhanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore how local environmental target constraints, featured in China' s environmental regulation policy system, drive the improvement of enterprise green innovation quality under the background of the digital economy, this article conducted an empirical study on the impact mechanism of different types of local environmental target constraint intensity on the green innovation quality of en⁃ terprises and the moderating effect of the digital economy between local environmental target constraint intensity and enterprise green innovation quality based on the patent application information and patent citation data of listed companies in China from 2011 to 2018 and various local versions of the Report on the Work of the Government over the years. The results showed that: ① The improvement of the direct environmental target constraint intensity with specific pollutant emission reduction as the core had a negative impact on the green innovation quality of enterprises, and the digital economy did not have a significant moderating effect between direct environmen⁃ tal target constraint intensity and enterprise green innovation quality. ② The positive impact of indirect environmental target constraint intensity on the green innovation quality of enterprises showed a marginal diminishing law due to the declining expected net income, re⁃ sulting in an inverted 'U' -type curve relationship between the indirect environmental target constraint intensity and the enterprise green innovation quality. However, the impact of indirect environmental target constraint intensity on the quality of green innovation was mainly facilitative. ③ There was a significant positive moderating effect of the digital economy on the relationship between indirect environmental target constraint intensity and the green innovation quality of enterprises. The digital economy caused a steeper inverted 'U' relationship curve between them, which further promoted the early arrival of critical value of inverted 'U' -shaped relationship curve vertex. ④ Further analysis showed that the implementation of low-carbon transition policies, especially the carbon emission trad⁃ ing mechanism, would effectively expand the positive impact of indirect environmental target constraint intensity and the positive mod⁃ erating effect of the digital economy, which also mitigated the negative impact of direct environmental target constraint intensity on the quality of green innovation of enterprises. Therefore, local governments should improve the environmental target constraint system so that the indirect environmental target constraints are given priority over the direct environmental target constraints, attaching great at⁃ tention to the assessment of the completion of the indirect environmental goals, which is to be published in the Report on the Work of the Government the following year. Local governments should also formulate more flexible and innovative 'quality improvement' incentive policy mechanisms in combination with the constraints of local environmental goals, such as the carbon emission trading scheme. At the same time, digital information technology should be used to strengthen environmental supervision and deepen the interaction between and integration of the digital economy and enterprise green research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon emission reduction and air pollutant emission reduction are the dual strategic tasks of China's sustainable development. The carbon emission trading policy is the core issue of the implementation climate change policies, and its key is to set the total emission control target and force the emission subjects to achieve emission reduction. As a market-oriented policy tool to regulate economic development and relieve environmental pressure, whether the carbon trading policy has synergistic emission reduction effects on carbon emission intensity, PM2.5 concentration, SO2 and other air pollution deserves in-depth research. Based on the panel data from 276 prefecture-level cities in China between 2006 and 2018, this study, which took the implementation of the carbon trading pilot policy as a quasi-natural experiment, used the difference-in-differences model for empirical research, and further divided the sample cities into three sub samples, i.e. those in the eastern region, those in the central region, and those in the western region, to explore regional heterogeneity. And on account of this, the intermediary model was brought into the analysis framework to explore the transmission mechanism of the impact of technological innovation on carbon trading affecting greenhouse gases and air pollutants. The results showed that: 1 The carbon trading policy could not only reduce carbon emission intensity, but also effectively realize the coordinated emission reduction of PM2.5 and SO2. 2 The results of heterogeneity analysis indicated that the effect of the carbon trading policy on the emission reduction of air pollutants and carbon dioxide was the largest in the western region, the second largest in the central region, and the smallest in the eastern region. 3 The intermediate mechanism of the carbon trading policy on regional pollution reduction was shown by the significant intermediary effect of technological innovation on carbon trading and carbon intensity, SO2 and PM2.5. These conclusions indicate that, concerning air pollution, we should give full play to the role of the market mechanism and expand the market and the main scope of the carbon emission trading system. At the same time, we should promote the carbon trading policy nationwide, take regional heterogeneity into account and enhance regional cooperative governance of air pollution. In addition, urban construction planning should take promoting technological progress and improving energy efficiency as the foothold to obtain comprehensive economic and environmental benefits. It is hoped that the results of this study could provide a theoretical reference for improving China's carbon trading system, optimizing the path of pollutant collaborative emission reduction and realizing green development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between environmental regulation and transnational investment has always been a focus of academic attention. As a means of environmental regulation, carbon emissions trading marks the enhancement of the intensity of China ’s environmental regulations. As one of the most common transnational economic activities, outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) is a vital part of China’s ‘Going Global’ strategy. In recent years, both the stock and the net amount of OFDI have shown a stable upward trend. Meanwhile, the intensity of environmental regulation is also increasing. It is worth discussing whether OFDI is affected by the strengthening of domestic environmental regulations. The carbon emissions trading pilots that have officially launched since 2003 in China provide a quasi-natural experiment scenario to solve this problem. Based on this, this study used the panel data of 30 provincial administrative units in China (excluding Tibet) during 2010-2019, and took the carbon emissions trading pilots carried out in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Tianjin, Hubei, Chongqing and Fujian as a quasi-natural experiment. The difference-in-differences (DID) analysis was used to study whether the carbon emissions trading pilots improved the level of foreign direct investment. The research conclusion showed that the carbon emissions trading pilots could significantly improve the level of China ’s foreign direct investment, and this conclusion was still robust after using the parallel trend test, the synthetic control method (SCM), placebo test and other tests. In addition, through the preliminary discussion of the potential mechanism, this article found that the carbon emissions trading pilots met the ‘pollution haven hypothesis’ and ‘Porter hypothesis’, promoting the improvement of the level of OFDI. Furthermore, through the preliminary discussion of the net effect, this article found that the ‘pollution haven hypothesis’ is still dominant at present. The conclusion of the study suggests that we should: ① continue promoting the construction of a unified national carbon emissions trading market in the future; ② continue exploring the incentive effect of carbon emissions trading pilots on innovation; ③ improve the system and measures that are conducive to investment facilitation, and build an international platform for technology trading or information sharing. It is hoped that these suggestions could help to improve China's ecological environment and promote the quality and quantity of foreign investment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The introduction of peaking carbon dioxide emissions and achieving carbon neutrality marks a new stage in carbon emission reduction in China. Various carbon emission reduction policies are being pursued, such as national-level macro policies including sectoral policies in various industries. Therefore, it is of great academic and practical significance to analyze the effects of carbon reduction policies dynamically from the perspective of sectoral heterogeneity. This study developed a multi-sector dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model that included environmental externalities and carbon mitigation policies, to investigate the dynamic effects of sectoral technology shocks, tax policies and mitigation policy adjustment shocks on macroeconomic, environmental, and sectoral emissions under two policy scenarios: cap-and-trade and carbon tax. The results of the simulation showed that: under the cap-and-trade scenario, sectoral technology shocks had a clear structural effect, with an increase in abatement effort and a decrease in emissions for firms in the covered sectors, while emissions in the uncovered sectors rose with output, whereas under the carbon tax scenario, the difference was not significant. Government policies to reduce carbon emissions by targeting fluctuations in total emissions could be effective in reducing welfare losses from shocks, and increased attention to maintaining emission levels could reduce the corresponding welfare losses. It is recommended that the government effectively weigh the relationship between economic growth and environmental improvement, strengthen emission reduction policies, promote and expand the scope of carbon trading pilots, and introduce a national emission trading system as soon as possible. When designing carbon reduction policies, the government should consider the return mechanism of carbon reduction policy revenue, coupled with the fiscal policy of tax reduction to stimulate the economy and moderate the negative impact of the reduction policy. The government should also adjust the intensity of its carbon reduction policies in a pro-cyclical and dynamic manner according to the level of emissions and pay more attention to the appropriate maintenance of the level of emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon emissions trading is a market-based environmental regulation tool to promote low-carbon technology innovation and reduce the cost of carbon emissions. This research selects the low-carbon patent quantity indicators of 30 provinces from 2010-2017 to analyze the spatial clustering of low-carbon technology innovation in China by using spatial correlation coefficients and natural break-point method. In order to test the impact of China's carbon emission trading policy on low-carbon technology innovation, this research uses pilots in seven regions as a quasi-natural experiment of carbon emission trading through DID model. The results show that there has been a significant spatial agglomeration effect in the east-central region, and the establishment of carbon emission trading pilots significantly promotes the regional level of low-carbon technology innovation. Based on the findings, this paper suggests that China should continue to improve the national carbon market, expand the industry coverage of the pilot carbon market, give full play to the role of the carbon emissions trading market in promoting low-carbon technology innovation, and strengthen regional synergistic development to enhance the spatial spillover effect of low-carbon innovation technologies and help achieve the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology (10036504) is the property of Editorial Board of Environmental Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Clean Coal Technology is the property of Clean Coal Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Secretary (16742354) is the property of Secretary Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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To solve the logistics distribution routing problem under the carbon emission trading mechanism, we introduce a carbon emission calculation method considering the vehicle load and speed. Based on TSP model, a logistics distribution routing model under carbon emission trading mechanism is proposed. It is shown that the routing arrangement under carbon emission trading mechanism is better to reduce carbon emissions over the traditional routing arrangement only considering economic cost. We analytically and numerically examine the impacts of carbon trade, carbon price and carbon cap on routing decisions, carbon emissions, and total cost. We make some interesting observations for logistics companies about how to control cost and reduce carbon emissions from the numerical analytical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A central question in the design of an emissions trading system is how to initially allocate emissions permits among the participants. Researchers obtained the allocations making all participants efficient (Pareto efficient) based on data envelopment analysis, and then confirmed the interval of allocation. The utility function of satisfaction degree was defined based on the interval of allocation. The allocation models can finally generate the optimal allocation making all participants efficient (Pareto efficient) and maximizing the whole satisfaction degrees. A real data set of 139 participants in 2009 is presented to demonstrate the rationality of the approach. It is meaningful for the world's energy saving and emission reduction and achieving the sustainable development of society and economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Initial Allowances allocation is an essential tache in the carbon trading system. The allocation mode and method will have influence on the efficiency of carbon market. According to the experiences in EU, U. S., New Zealand, Australia and Japan, the auction mode of allocation will enhance the market efficiency, while free allocation mode is superior in encouraging enterprises' participation. Furthermore, among different free allocation methods, grandfathering requires relatively simple data accumulation, while benchmarking is more effective in motivating enterprises with better emissions reduction performance. Since China is lack of experiences in emissions trading, in the initial phase of establishing an emissions trading system, the gradual hybrid mode starts with mainly free allocation would be a suitable choice; and the free allocation is better to use grandfathering at first, at the same time taking the emission reduction performance of enterprises into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Constructing an appropriate regulatory system is a prerequisite for the development of carbon finance. Recently, the progress made in the field of financial supervision theories, including the demand, the system and the effects have provided valuable guidance for the establishing of regulatory system for carbon finance. From the practical experiences of EU ETS, we can conclude that it is essential to involve the spot and derivative instruments simultaneously to the existing financial regulatory system in the short term before setting up one more suitable mechanism in the future. It is advisable to combine the macro-prudential and micro-prudential regulations, that is, building a macro-prudential regulatory commission with the People's Bank of China as a leader, which takes the responsibility of identifying, monitoring and controlling the systematic risks, at the same time, founding up a specific sector in the People's Bank of China, which accounts for the micro-prudential regulation of carbon finance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The EU ETS is now in its third phase starting from 2013. The revised directive approved in 2009 reforms the structural design of the EU ETS for Phase III, which is significantly different from Phase I and Phase II. The major change is the abolishment of the previous "national allocation plan", which is replaced by a single, EU-wide cap and more auctioning. Besides, other changes are as follows: expanding and streamlining the scope, limiting on the use of offsets and reinforcing the power at EU level. In conclusion, EU ETS is far more harmonized than before because of this reform which can provide reference for China's carbon emissions trading pilots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China will launch a pilot project on carbon emission trading during the 12th Five-Year Plan, and Chinese chemical fiber industry needs to pay more attention on this, as the production capacity of re-PET is said to be more than 6 million tons. To promote the development of recycled chemical fiber industry, the article analyzed the environment effect of re-PET with chemical or physical process in detail, hoping this issue can get extensive attention from the insiders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following its rapid economic development, the People's Republic of China--one of the world's largest energy consumers--is focusing on reducing carbon emissions. This has been one of the main themes of its economic development. The tourism industry, accounting for about 6% of the total carbon dioxide emissions in China, has always been considered an important sector for reducing carbon emissions. Within the tourism industry the hotel industry is one of the top three main emission sources of greenhouse gases. Therefore, the hotel industry is in a stage of high energy consumption, with less attention paid to low-carbon management compared with that of the manufacturing industry. It is imperative for both environmental and economic reasons to conserve energy and reduce emissions. However, because the hotel industry has been considered a less important source of emissions than industry, there is little research on its low-carbon management. Based on a brief review of relevant research and classification schemes, we used cluster analysis to form 2 categories consisting of 11 indicators. We classified low-carbon behaviors as protection acts and control behaviors. We then performed nonlinear optimal scaling regression analysis using results from a survey of 112 high-star hotels and specialist research. The survey contained potential variables which influence the environmental management of hotels, such as the level of carbon emissions. Finally, we confirmed that the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR), perceived benefits, management training, and low-carbon behavior of hotels was significantly relevant. We also examined the mechanisms underlying the effects of the various factors. These suggest that hotel managers and government agencies should target those factors related to the control of hotel carbon emissions. Our results support the notion that low-carbon management, CSR, and enterprise economic conditions influence the degree of implementation of low-carbon protection acts by hotel companies. The results clearly show that low-carbon management is positively associated with the protection acts regarding low-carbon behaviors in hotels. Moreover, we find a positive relationship between enterprise economic conditions and low-carbon protection acts. There is also a significant relationship between CSR and hotels' low-carbon protection acts. According to the data of our sample, enterprise economic conditions are more important than the role of management, with management being more important than the influence of CSR. We also show that not only low-carbon management, CSR, and enterprise economic conditions influence control behavior, but also technical equipment and perceptions of low-carbon behaviors. Specifically we find that the effect of management is greater than the influence of technical equipment, while CSR's effect on low-carbon control behavior is greater than that of perceptions. Based on these findings, we suggest some approaches to hotel managers and government agencies, such as giving policy funds help to small and medium-sized hotels, promoting management quality, improving CSR and the regular maintenance of hardware facilities, and enhancing the efficiency of energy utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research into carbon footprint is now of more and more concern under the background of low-carbon economy. This paper has introduced methods of controlling and reducing carbon emissions, and also discussed the possibilities and possible difficulties in implementing carbon footprint evaluation in textile industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To date global warming has been becoming the hotspot of international environmental problem, and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) are the main cause of global warming. Carbon footprint expresses the total greenhouse gas emissions of human in the production and consumption activities. The paper is based on "PAS 2050: 2008 - Specification for the assessment of the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of goods and services" , combining with carbon footprint theory and Life Cycle Assessment, clarifys the necessity of textile carbon footprint label and has analyzed the current situation of textile carbon footprint label. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this discussion, advanced digital dyeing technologies and system integration practices have been introduced to a dyehouse, which result in Right at First Time improvement, capacity/efficiency enhancement, as well as energy conservation and emmission reduction benefit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]