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Clinical pharmacology is an important discipline that bridges clinical medicine and pharmacology. In the teaching practice, it is necessary to keep up with educational reform and adopt the seminar teaching method combined with case-based learning (CBL), so as to practically improve the benefits of both 'teaching' and 'learning'. The teaching of ideology and politics in the curriculum is the key to cultivate students' high sense of responsibility and noble medical ethics, and realize the goal of moral education. At present, in the teaching of clinical pharmacology of antineoplastic drugs, there are problems such as students' weak basic knowledge of oncology pharmacology, separation of 'teaching' and 'learning' due to the traditional teaching method, outdated teaching materials, and low motivation of students. Therefore, this paper takes this part of the course teaching as an example to initially explore the role of the innovative model of 'Seminar-CBL-Ideological and Political Education ' in the teaching practice of clinical pharmacology, with the hope of stimulating the students' interest in learning, cultivating students' correct outlook on the world, life, and values, achieving the goals of 'teaching' and 'learning', and providing reference for optimizing clinical pharmacology education.

This work was undertaken in order to study the microbial diversity in dairy products from ethnic minority habitats in Xilin Gol. Six fresh cow milk samples from Sunit Left Banner and East Ujimqin Banner (n = 3 for each region) were selected for metagenomic sequencing, and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from these samples were isolated and identified by the traditional culture method. There results showed that a total of 165 microbial species were identified in the six milk samples, the dominant ones being Lactococcus lactis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Many microbial species were common to the two groups, and there was no significant difference in α- or β-diversity, but there were still significantly differential species identified between these groups. Fresh milk from Sunit Left Banner was dominated by Lactococcu phage BM13, while that from East Ujimqin Banner was dominated by Enterobacter sp. MGH8. A total of 1 408 048 genes and 412 metabolic pathways were annotated using the Uniprot database, whose functions were concentrated on amino acid metabolism and glycolic acid metabolism. A total of 47 strains were isolated from the six fresh milk samples, and L. lactis was the dominant strain, which was consistent with the metagenomic results. This study is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the safe production of fermented dairy products and the development of starter cultures.

In view of the time-varying nature of the single-satellite mission in the mega constellation, the resulting overload, the vulnerability of a single node, and the high reliability requirements of the network control plane, the topology control of satellite networks for multi-layer and multi-domain mega-constellation was studied. A multi-layer and multidomain topology description model based on Beidou grid position code was proposed. Firstly, the concepts and definitions of layer, domain, slice and element were given to realize the unified characterization of the topological characteristics of satellite nodes and inter-satellite links, and to describe the connectivity state of satellite nodes and the network topology of the entire constellation. Secondly, a topology control architecture with the on-orbit controller as the core and the ground network control as the auxiliary, was designed to provide normal operation service guarantee. Finally, the simulation platform was used to verify and analyze the subdomain division and unified characterization of the megaconstellation. The results show that the proposed topology description model can improve the real-time and accuracy of the topology control process for mega-constellation satellite networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inner Mongolia traditional dairy products are high quality medium for lactic acid bacteria. In order to preserve lactic acid bacteria resources in camel dairy products in Alxa region of Inner Mongolia and study the microbial diversity, the pure culture method and metagomic sequencing technology were respectively used to evaluate and preserve. Metage-nomic results showed that the microbial diversity of fresh camel milk was significantly higher than that of sour camel milk, and 157 species were identified from 18 samples. Lactococcus lactis (13.22% ) and Acinetobacter guillouiae (10.65%) were the dominant species. The dominant species were Lactobacillus helveticus (72.66%), Lactobacillus kefi-ranofaciens (8.32%) and Lactococcus lactis (4.28%). A total of 121 strains of Lactobacillus were further isolated from the samples by pure culture and identified as 14 species of 4 genera, in which the dominant specie of fresh camel milk is Lactococcus lactis (62.00%). The dominant species were the Lactobacillus helveticus (40.00%) and the Lactobacillus ke-firanofaciens (19.00%), which were consistent with the metapomic results. The combination of metagomic sequencing and pure culture method effectively realized the microbial diversity analysis and Lactobacillus resource mining of camel milk samples, providing a theoretical basis for the industrial production of camel milk and the utilization of lactobacillus resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arsenic is the most common pollutant of strong toxicity in contaminated sites with wide-spread feature. The issues of arsenic pollution of soil causing ecological risks which threaten the environmental security have drawn much public concern in China. Owing to the fact that the empirical research, which is the prerequisite and foundation for improving the environment management, is scarcely overall carried out on the arsenic-polluted land site nation-widely, a empirical research was thus conducted in this field. This article, basing on a survey about 221 arsenic-contaminated sites in the period of 2012-2021, elaborated on a empirical research involving the statistical analysis on spatial distribution, pollution characteristics, remediation target values, and treatment and restoration technologies, in order to explore the scientific characteristics and technical regulatory methods of arsenic-contaminated soil. As a result, the research showed that arsenic-contaminated sites in the country was relatively concentrated, with 61.1% in the economically developed regions and/or geological arsenic high-background areas such as Chongqing City, Shanghai City, and Zhejiang, Jiangsu,Guangxi and Guizhou provinces; 90.5% of the original site enterprises were categorized as manufacturing industries, among which were mainly chemical raw materials/chemical products manufacturing, black metal smelting and rolling processing, non-ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing, and metal product manufacturing. The planned land sites with multiple uses belonged to residential land, accounting for 63.8%, whose original sites used to be the plots of high-pollution industries such as chemical raw materials/chemical products manufacturing, ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industries, with the combined pollution of heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, petroleum hydrocarbons, besides the occurrence frequency of chlorinated hydrocarbons was high. As to the the target of arsenic polluted land remediation, 84.2% of the target values cited mainly referred to the national and/or local environmental quality standards. The major technologies of arsenic-contaminated soil treatment and remediation currently are solidification/stabilization and the co-treatment of cement kilns, the application frequency of the former accounting for 53.1% and the latter 35.0%; actually, solidification/stabilization technology were adopted in the early stage, however, since 2017 co-treatment such as cement kilns and brick kilns has been applied more frequently. Summarily, the empirical research could provide a support for the environmental management of arsenic-contaminated plots, and it is expected that the further control of the risks of soil arsenic pollution can be realized by a series of measures, i.e., strengthening the pollution-source prevention/control at typical arsenic-related enterprises, tightening the requirement for access of redevelopment projects, scientifically setting up the remediation target values of arsenic-polluted land, and strengthening the later-period management of land sites under risks control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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ABA receptors are involved in the mediation of ABA signaling transduction through interaction with abscisic acid (ABA) molecules induced by osmotic stresses and play critical roles in regulating the drought stress tolerance in plants. In this study, TaPYR1, an ABA family gene in wheat that was shown to be differentially expressed in our previous transcriptome analysis was used to analyze its molecular property, expression patterns under drought stress condition, and functions in mediating plant adaptation to drought stress. TaPYR1 shares high similarities to its plant counterparts at amino acid level. TaPYR1 protein contains the conserved domains specified by the plant PYR proteins and was targeted onto the plasma membrane after endoplasmic reticulum (ER) assortment. The expression of TaPYR1 was induced in both roots and leaves under drought, with the highest expression levels at 48 h of drought treatment. Transgene analysis on TaPYR1 was performed to assess the gene function in mediating plant drought tolerance. Compared with wild type (WT), the tobacco lines overexpressing TaPYR1 enhanced growth vigor and increased fresh and dry weight under drought stress. In addition, the transgenic lines with TaPYR1 overexpression also increased photosynthetic function, enhanced activities of cellular antioxidant enzymes, and elevated the contents of osmolytes (i.e., proline and soluble sugar) under drought condition. Our investigation suggests that TaPYR1 transcriptively responds to drought stress signaling and plays an important role in regulating plant drought adaptation by improving the associated physiological processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of "narrative turn", narrative research has attracted more attention in social science. The story of every life is a gendered story, just as every life is a gendered life. Narrative is of great importance to the development of gender studies, while how to narrate gender has become the key to it. From the perspective of critical humanism, each agent is the subject of telling life story and giving the meaning to it, so "subjective construction" manifests itself in narrative research. However, it doesn't hinder us in our search for limited truth, as long as we could explore the underlying meaning through life experience and achieve deeper understanding. The story of gender becomes the documentation of meaningful pieces of daily life and life trajectory, which could help us to get close to the truth. On this basis, gender studies advocate new public narratives, which could lead to a more just and equal society for subordinated and marginalized people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To research the pros and cons of four different blood purification modes on hypertension of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods 80 MHD patients with high blood pressure, were randomly divided into 4 groups: Regular hemodialysis group, S-HDF group, S-HPgroup, and S-HFP group. Then we compared the systolic blood pressure (SBP), blood pressure control rate (BPCR), serum creatinine (Scr), blood ureanitrogen (BUN), parathyroidhormone (PTH), C-reactiveprotein (CRP), hemoglobin (HGB), platelet (Plt) and reduction of hypotensive drugs 3 and 6 weeks after treatment. Results SBP, PTH and CRP dropped (P <0.05) in S-HDF group, S-HP group, S-HFP group 3 and 6 weeks after treatment compared with before treatment and regular hemodialysis group, BPCR increased (P<0.05) . Scr, BUN in S-HP group and S-HFP group dropped obviously compared with before treatment, regular hemodialysis group and S-HDF group (P < 0.05), the number of reduction of hypotensive drugs 3 and 6 weeks after treatment increased compared with all experimental groups and regular hemodialysis group (P < 0.05). Conclusions Hypertension of MHD patients could be controlled and maintained effectively by S-HDF, S-HP and S-HFP, especially S-HFP, its mechanism may be related with removing the pathogenic factors of hypertension by using blood purification regularly and termly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecological niche has close relations with inter-species competition and resources utilization, and thus, can be used as an indicator to symbolize the resources utilization capability of certain groups of related species. In this paper, the niche breadth and overlap of the dominant zoo- plankton species in the Sanmen Bay of Zhejiang were determined by Shannon's formula and Petraitis index, respectively, and the differentiation of the niche was studied by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), aiming to approach the distribution features of coastal zooplankton and related affecting factors in the Bay. In the study area, some coastal species such as Zonosagitta bedoti, Centropages dorsispinatus, and brachyuran larvae had wider niche breadth than the pelagic species such as Flaccisagitta enflata and Pseudeuphausia sinica, and the species of different groups with prey- predator relation had a greater niche overlap than those of the same groups without this relation. The CCA analysis showed that the spatial distribution of the zooplankton was more affected by water temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll a content rather than nutrients. The spatial niche of the zoo- plankton species was correlated with their living habit, inter-species competition, and prey-predator relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To investigate the influence of hypoxia and co-culture of endothelial cells (ECs) induced by BMSCs and autologous bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) on proliferation and osteogenetic ability of BMSCs. METHODS :The rabbit BMSCs were isolated and induced into endothelial cells. Then induced endothelial cells were identified by CD34 immunocytochemistry. The BMSCs and ECs were divided into four groups. (1) BMSCs group cultured in osteogenic medium under normoxia; (2) BMSCs group cultured in osteogenic medium under hypoxia; (3) BMSCs+ECs group cocultured in osteogenic medium under normoxia; (4) BMSCs+EC group cocultured in osteogenic medium under hypoxia. Four groups were cultured for 7 days in vitro and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was detected by PNPP assay once a day within 6 days. Then the ALP activity curves were drawn according to OD values. Mineralization nodules of four groups were dyed by alizarin monosulfonate after 7 days' cultivation. The data was analyzed using SPSS11.0 software package. RESULTS: The rabbit BMSCs can be induced into ECs in vitro. The ALPactivity of BMSCs+ECs group cocultured in osteogenic medium under hypoxia was the strongest in four groups (P<0.05). The mineralized nodules were formed only in this group and dying was positive. There was no mineralized nodule formed in other groups. CONCLUSION: Autologous BMSCs cocultured under hypoxia with endothelial cells induced by BMSCs can significantly increase the proliferating ability of BMSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In August 15-28, 2009, a preliminary study was conducted on the spatial distribution characteristics of heterotrophic bacteria ( HB) , inorganic phosphate bacteria (IPB) , organic phosphate bacteria ( OPB) , denitrifying bacteria ( DB) , and ammonifying bacteria ( AB) in the hypoxic zone of Yangtze River Estuary. In the water surface, water bottom, and sediment surface of the zone, the average quantity of AB was the largest, being 307.52 × 10 ceLs ∙ L , 184.50 × 10 ceLs ∙ L-1 , 199. 97 × 102 ceLs ∙ gL-1 , followed by that of HB (87. 35 × 104 cfu ∙ L-1 , 86. 85 × 104 cfu ∙ L-1, and 19. 56 × 102 cfu ∙ gL-1) , and of OPB (19. 26 × 104 cfu ∙ L-1, 18. 82 × 104 cfu ∙ L-1, and 19. 56 × 10 cfu ∙ g-1 , respectively). IPB was only observed within the Yangtze Estuary, south passage of the Estuary, and Zhoushan inshore, and its average quantity in the water surface, water bottom, and sediment surface was 18. 50 × 104 cfu ∙ L-1 , 31.00 x 104 cfu ∙ L-1 , and 7. 17 × 102 cfu ∙ g respectively. DB had a wide distribution, but its average quantity was low, being 3. 94 × 104 cells ∙ L-1 , 23. 08 × 104 cells ∙ L-1 , and 6. 22 × 102 ceLs ∙ gL-1 in the water surface, water bottom , and sediment surface, respectively. Salinity, NO3-N, PO4 -P, SiO3 -Si, and pH were the main factors affecting the distribution of HB, IPB, OPB, and DB in water body and sediment surface. The HB, IPB, and OPB in water bottom and sediment surface had significant positive correlation with water temperature; the HB and OPB in water bottom and the IPB in sediment surface were significantly positively correlated with dissolved oxygen ( DO) ; while the AB in sediment surface in was significantly negatively correlated with DO. Cluster analysis showed that hypoxia affected the bacterial community structure in sediment surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An investigation was made on the abundance distribution and its variation of virioplankton in the Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent East China Sea in summer 2006 and winter 2007. The virus direct count (VDC) was quantified by fluorescent microscopy. In summer 2006, the VDC was from 2.22×106 to 9.97×107 ind·ml-1, being higher in the surface sea water of B area (122.5°-123.5° E); in winter 2007, the VDC was from 1.99×106 to 2.66×107 ind·ml-1, being higher in coastal A area (120.5°-122.5° E) and decreased from nearshore waters to offshore waters. In summer, the VDC had close relationships with bacteriaplankton biomass and chlorophyll-a concentration but less relationship with nutrients concentration (P>0.05); in winter, the VDC was closely related to bacteriaplankton biomass and nutrients concentration but less related to chlorophyll-a concentration (P>0.05). The abundance distribution pattern of virioplankton showed significant seasonal variability, with the VDC significantly larger in summer than in winter (P<0.01), which was mainly decided by the distribution of the viral host, and partly by the nutrients concentration in wintertime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-uniform illumination is one of the key points that affects the result of face recognition, and noise is the common issue in the image processing problems. A face recognition under non-uniform illumination and noise was addressed and the scheme that combines Gabor feature, Enhanced FLD Model (EFM) and Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) was proposed. The experimental result shows that this method is superior to other traditional method and robust under non-uniform illumination and noise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Risk assessment is a critical part of risk management for contaminated sites. However， in the specific management practice of As-contaminated sites， it is difficult to obtain realistic health risks for contaminated sites based on the total amount of pollutants and determined values of the model， thus preventing the control requirements of later remediation to be met. An increasing number of studies have recently been conducting risk assessments by considering bioavailability， modification parameters， and combined probabilistic models. To improve the accuracy of risk assessment results， taking a large As-contaminated site as a case， 432 sampling sites were set up and collected at different depths to analyze the level and distribution characteristics of As pollution， and probabilistic risk assessment was conducted with the modification of model parameters through literature research and Monte Carlo simulation. Then， the impact of traditional methods and probabilistic methods on health risk assessment was explored in comparison. The results indicated that ω （As） in the top soil of the study area ranged from 2.70-97.0 mg·kg -1 ， with a spatial variation coefficient of 0.61 and weaker spatial continuity. The carcinogenic risk and hazard index obtained by the traditional risk assessment method were 2.12E-4 and 8.36， respectively， which obviously overestimated the actual risk level and were not conductive to the refined management of As-contaminated sites. Combined with modification of model parameters and probabilistic risk assessment， the non-carcinogenic risk for adults and children was found to be at an acceptable level， and the carcinogenic risk was reduced by nearly an order of magnitude compared to that in the conventional method. Considering the relative biological effectiveness （RBA） of As， the 95% quantile of the total carcinogenic risk was 1.24E-5， a reduction of up to 36.41% compared to the uncorrected corresponding risk value of 1.95E-5. The carcinogenic risk of soil As for adults and children in the study area exceeded acceptable risk levels 1E-6， with oral ingestion of soil being the primary route of exposure. In addition， the results of the sensitivity analysis of the parameters showed that As concentration， daily oral ingestion rate of soils， and exposure duration of children had relatively larger effects for health risks. This work will provide a methodological and theoretical basis for achieving accurate risk assessment of As-contaminated sites and provide concepts for refined risk management.

Studying the chemical composition and characteristic differences of soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) is significant for understanding the mechanism of Cd immobilization by soil amendments. Soil amendments have been widely applied to contaminated farmlands to reduce the accumulation of heavy metals in crops, but the spectral characteristics of DOM in soils under amendment regulation have rarely been studied. Typical Cd-contaminated paddy soil from South China was collected, three categories of amendments (organic-based, inorganic-based, and lime-based, a total of 11 types) were applied, rice planting pot trials were done, and the effects of different amendments on soil DOM were investigated. The spectral characteristics of rhizosphere soil DOM under the regulation of different amendments were comparatively analyzed using UV-Vis spectroscopy, 3D fluorescence spectroscopy, and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). The results showed that the lime-based amendments increased the soil pH and promoted the dissolution of organic matter from the soil solid phase, resulting in a significant increase in soil DOM content. Compared with that of the control, organic-based amendments increased the relative molecular weight and recent autochthonous origin contribution of soil DOM, inorganic-based amendments increased the aromatic content and hydrophobic components of soil DOM, and lime-based amendments increased the chromogenic components and the degree of humification of soil DOM. Four fluorescence components, C1 (255/465), C2 (325/400), C3 (275/390), and C4 (240/460), were identified using PARAFAC and verified with the OpenFluor database, all of which were humic-like. Two types of spectra corroborated with each other, indicating that soil DOM dominated by humus-like matter originated from terrestrial source input. The correlation analysis showed that the fluorescent component C4 of soil DOM could be used to predict Cd accumulation in brown rice in the red limestone soil-rice system. These results will provide a reference for the selection of the appropriate soil amendments.

To improve the specific recognition and presentation of virus-like particle (VLPs), and to develop immune-targeted VLPs vaccine, the gene fragment encoding OVA₂₅₇₋₂₆₄ peptide was inserted into the VP3 gene of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) between the 171th and 172th amino acids (aa) or 173th and 174th aa by reverse PCR. The recombinant proteins were expressed by using Escherichia coli and assembled into chimeric VLP (VLP(OVA)) in vitro after purification. The VLP(OVA) was measured by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The recombinant protein and the assembled VLPs were evaluated by Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and laser scanning confocal microscopy to confirm the insertion of OVA₂₅₇₋₂₆₄ peptide into VP3 and its location. The results show that insertion of OVA₂₅₇₋₂₆₄ into the 173th and 174th aa of FMDV VP3 did not affect the assembly of VLPs. The VLP(OVA) in size was larger than VLPs, and the OVA₂₅₇₋₂₆₄ peptide was located on the surface of VLP(OVA).

Based on the total and available concentrations of heavy metal elements in agricultural soil, and the concentrations of heavy metals in rice collected from Daye city, Hubei province, and the thresholds of available concentrations of heavy metals were derived by species sensitivity distribution (SSD). The over-standard rates of Cd and Cu in the soil were 90.7% and 42.6%, respectively, which indicates that agricultural soil in Daye city exhibits signs of Cd and Cu pollution. The rates of Cd and Pb were 50.9% and 89.8% in brown rice samples, respectively, which exceeds the safety standards of agricultural products. The SSD curves for Cd and Pb were fitted with BurrⅢ distribution based on the ratio of the concentration in brown rice and the available concentration in the soil. The hazardous concentrations (HC 5 ) were derived inversely from the agriculture product safety standards. The thresholds of available Cd and Pb were 0.02 mg·kg -1 and 0.005 mg·kg -1 , respectively. Compared with those of available Cd in other countries and studies, the threshold of available Cd is scientifically shown to be reasonable. Soil is not necessarily the main source of Pb in rice; thus, the rice species does not represent the derivation of the threshold of available Pb. Moreover, a lack of the accumulation data of Pb at low accumulation levels and multiple soil pollution levels leads to unreliable derivation. The results indicate that the threshold of available Pb does not have practical significance in soil pollution control.

A simple and rapid method was developed for the analysis of ofloxacin enantiomers by chiral ligand exchange-high performance liquid chromatography (CLE-HPLC). In addition, the influences of common cations (Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Fe 3+ , Zn 2+ ) and the content of humic acid (HA) on the separation were investigated. The separation was carried out on a C 18 column (25 cm×0.46 cm, 5 μm). The mobile phase was 20% (v/v) methanol aqueous solution containing 4 mmol/L L-isoleucine (as ligand) and 3 mmol/L CuSO 4 . The pH of the mobile phase was 4.5, and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was 40℃, and the detection wavelength was 293 nm. The ofloxacin enantiomers (ofloxacin and levofloxacin) were separated within 18 min and the resolution ( R ) was 2.70. The results showed that metal cations and HA had no significant influence on the resolution of ofloxacin enantiomers. However, the measured peak area of ofloxacin enantiomers decreased particularly in presence of Fe 3+ and on increasing HA content. The proposed method can rapidly and efficiently determine ofloxacin and its chiral isomers in surface water, the influences of Fe 3+ and HA content should be considered for verifying the applicability of the method.

A new method was established to determine short-chain chloroparaffins (SCCPs) in synthetic surfacing layers used in sports and diluents by solid-phase extraction (SPE) coupled with gas chromatography-negative chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (GC-NCI-MS). The analysis conditions for gas chromatography and mass spectrometry were optimized. Then, the samples were extracted by ultrasonication, purified on a Florisil SPE column, monitored in the selective ion monitoring (SIM) scanning mode, and quantified by the external standard method. With this method, a good linear relationship was found over a wide mass concentration range from 0.0501 to 100.17 mg/L, with a linear correlation coefficient ( R 2 ) of 0.9995. The detection limit for SCCPs by this method was found to be as low as 0.50 μg/g (i. e. 0.000050%) and the average recoveries for SCCPs spiked in the blank samples varied from 83.2% to 96.3% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 1.56%-6.02%. Ten batches of samples were tested and the contents of SCCPs detected in each batch were in the range from 0.016% to 0.55%, which agrees well the European Union limitation requirement for SCCPs. Thus, this method is suitable for qualitative and quantitative analyses of SCCPs in synthetic surfacing layers used in sports and diluents.

Purpose: To explore the effects of simulated mandibular models in skill training of implantology for dental undergraduate., Methods: Pre-clinical teaching of oral implantology was implemented on simulation models for 51 undergraduates of grade 2013. Each undergraduate inserted a dental implant and took an impression in the simulation model under the teacher＇s guidance. After the training course, the scores were evaluated both objectively and subjectively., Results: An average score of 91.6 was obtained in the course of oral implantology on simulated mandibular models. All students appreciated the teaching methods. They believed that training on simulation models could improve their learning interest and arouse their learning motivation., Conclusions: Simulated mandibular models are good tools in training of oral implantology for dental undergraduates education, which is worthy of wide application.

Objective: To compare the efficacy between moving cupping at Hechelu combined with rubbing method and western medication for depression of diabetes mellitus (DM)., Methods: Two hundred and sixteen patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 108 cases in each group. Patients in the observation group were treated with moving cupping at Hechelu combined with rubbing method, once every: other day; six treatments were considered as one course, and totally two courses were given with an interval of: 4 days between courses. Patients in the control group were treated with oral administration of fluoxetine hydrochloride capsules, once a day for consecutive 4 weeks. The Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), self-rating depression scale (SDS) and TCM symptom score were measured before treatment, after the treatment and in follow-up visit one and a half months after treatment. The fasting blood glucose was tested before and after treatment. The glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was tested in the follow-up visit., Results: The total effective rate was 90.9% (90/99) in the observation group, which was superior to 73.7% (70/95) in the control group (P < 0.05). After the treatment, HAMD, SDS and TCM symptom scores were all reduced apparently in the observation group and the control group (all P < 0.05). After the treatment and the follow-up visit, the TCM symptom score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The levels of HbA1c and GLU were stable in the observation group, and were decreased compared with those before treatment; but the difference between the, two groups was not significant (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: The Hechelu theory-based TCM treatment has better: efficacy for depression of diabetes mellitus than fluoxetine hydrochloride capsule, which has less adverse effects.

Objective: To observe different effects of moxibustion on extracellular potassium ion in acupoint under physiological and pathological status and provide experimental evidence for exploring action mechanism of moxibustion on acupoint local., Methods: Forty female SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a blank-moxibustion group, a model group and a model-moxibustion group, 10 cases in each one. The complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA) was adopted to establish model of adjuvant arthritis (AA) in the model group and model-moxibustion group. No treatment was given in the blank group and model group while moxibustion was applied at "Zusan-li" (ST 36) for 30 min in the blank-moxibustion group and model-moxibustion group. The tissue fluid in "Zusanli" (ST 36) was collected with microdialysis and real-time analyzed by electrolytic analyzer. The change of concentration of potassium ion in "Zusanli" (ST 36) was observed., Results: (1) Under physiological status, the concentration of extracellular potassium ion in the blank group was not changed within 150 min (P > 0.05); before the moxibustion, the concentration of extracellular potassium ion in the blank-moxibustion group was (1.21 +/- 0.31) mmol/L, and after treatment it was gradually increased and reached its peak at (2.38 +/- 0.42) mmol/L after 60 min (P < 0.05), then it was reduced. 150 min after the treatment, concentration of potassium ion was slightly higher than that before moxibustion as well as that in the blank group. The concentration in the blank-moxibustion group at 60 min was statistically significant compared with that in the blank group (P < 0.05). (2) Under pathological status, the concentration of extracellular potassium ion in the model group was not changed within 150 min, differences of which at each time point was not statistically significant (all P > 0.05). Before the moxibustion, the concentration of extracellular potassium ion was (1.09 +/- 0.12) mmol/L in the model-moxibustion group, and it was immediately increased to (1.96 +/- 0.18) mmol/L after moxibustion. 60 min and 90 min after the moxibustion, it still maintained a higher level, which was (1.87 +/- 0.29) mmol/L and (1.59 +/- 0.16) mmol/L respectively (both P < 0.05). The differences of each time point after moxibustion in the model-moxibustion group were statistically significant compared with those in the model group (all P < 0.05)., Conclusion: The moxibustion could increase the concentration of potassium ion in rat's acupoint local under physiological status but time of effect is short; with moxibustion at "Zusanli" (ST 36) under pathological status, the concentration of local potassium ion is obviously increased and maintains for a long time.

The influencing factors of benzene diffusion fluxes from sand and black soil to atmosphere were investigated using a flux chamber (30.0 cm x 17.5 cm x 29.0 cm). In this study, the benzene diffusion fluxes were estimated by measuring the benzene concentrations both in the headspace of the chamber and in the soils of different layers. The results indicated that the soil water content played an important role in benzene diffusion fluxes. The diffusion flux showed positive correlation with the initial benzene concentration and the benzene dissolution concentration for both soil types. The changes of air flow rate from 300 to 900 mL x min(-1) and temperature from 20 degrees C to 40 degrees C resulted in increases of the benzene diffusion flux. Our study of benzene diffusion fluxes from contaminated soils will be beneficial for the predicting model, and emergency management and precautions.

Ecological niche has close relations with inter-species competition and resources utilization, and thus, can be used as an indicator to symbolize the resources utilization capability of certain groups of related species. In this paper, the niche breadth and overlap of the dominant zooplankton species in the Sanmen Bay of Zhejiang were determined by Shannon's formula and Petraitis index, respectively, and the differentiation of the niche was studied by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), aiming to approach the distribution features of coastal zooplankton and related affecting factors in the Bay. In the study area, some coastal species such as Zonosagitta bedoti, Centropages dorsispinatus, and brachyuran larvae had wider niche breadth than the pelagic species such as Flaccisagitta enflata and Pseudeuphausia sinica, and the species of different groups with prey-predator relation had a greater niche overlap than those of the same groups without this relation. The CCA analysis showed that the spatial distribution of the zooplankton was more affected by water temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll a content rather than nutrients. The spatial niche of the zooplankton species was correlated with their living habit, inter-species competition, and prey- predator relationship.

A method was established for the determination of two plant growth regulators, forchlorfenuron (CPPU)and gibberellin acid (GA3), in the grapes using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The sample was extracted with 0.5% (v/v) formic acid aqueous solution and acetonitrile (4: 1, v/v), and cleaned-up with Strata-X solid phase extraction cartridge. The separations were performed on an Agilent SB-C18 column (50 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.8 microm), with a mobile phase of 0.5% formic acid aqueous solution-acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min and detected by electrospray ionization MS/MS under the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The results showed that the good linear relationships and the correlation coefficients greater than 0.999 were obtained. The limits of detection (LODs) were 0.5 microg/L and 0.3 microg/L for CPPU and GA3, respectively. The limits of quantification (LOQs) were 2.0 microg/L and 1.0 microg/L for CPPU and GA3, respectively. The recoveries were 91.7% - 95.6% and 90.3% - 94.2% with the relative standard deviations (RSD) of 4.1% - 7.3% and 3.2% - 6.9% for CPPU and GA3, respectively. The results indicate that the method is accurate and can be used for the determination of CPPU and GA3 residues in the grapes.

In conventional wastewater bio-treatment, little attention has been paid on the bio-degradation of grease, causing low efficiency in the process, and thereby, further study should be made on the development and application of related mature and effective bio-treatment techniques. This paper summarized the pathways and mechanisms of grease bio-degradation in wastewater treatment, with the focus on the research progress in the functional microbes involved in lipid hydrolysis and long-chain fatty acid degradation, and briefly introduced a series of new treatment technologies based on the habitat differences of the functional microbes. The key breakthrough directions in the technological study of grease bio-degradation were prospected, expecting to provide theoretical guidance to the development of the related technologies.

In August 15-28, 2009, a preliminary study was conducted on the spatial distribution characteristics of heterotrophic bacteria (HB), inorganic phosphate bacteria (IPB), organic phosphate bacteria (OPB), denitrifying bacteria (DB), and ammonifying bacteria (AB) in the hypoxic zone of Yangtze River Estuary. In the water surface, water bottom, and sediment surface of the zone, the average quantity of AB was the largest, being 307.52 x 10(4) cells x L(-1), 184.50 x 10(4) cells x L(-1), 199.97 x 10(2) cells x g(-1), followed by that of HB (87.35 x 10(4) cfu x L(-1), 86.85 x 10(4) cfu x L(-1), and 19.56 x 10(2) cfu x g(-1)), and of OPB (19.26 x 10(4) cfu x L(-1), 18.82 x 10(4) cfu x L(-1), and 19.56 x10(2) cfu x g(-1), respectively). IPB was only observed within the Yangtze Estuary, south passage of the Estuary, and Zhoushan inshore, and its average quantity in the water surface, water bottom, and sediment surface was 18.50 x 10(4) cfu x L(-1), 31.00 x 10(4) cfu x L(-1), and 7.17 x 10(2) cfu x g(-1) respectively. DB had a wide distribution, but its average quantity was low, being 3.94 x 10(4) cells x L(-1), 23.08 x 10(4) cells x L(-1), and 6.22 x 10(2) cells x g(-1) in the water surface, water bottom, and sediment surface, respectively. Salinity, NO3(-)-N, PO4(3-)-P, SiO3(2)-Si, and pH were the main factors affecting the distribution of HB, IPB, OPB, and DB in water body and sediment surface. The HB, IPB, and OPB in water bottom and sediment surface had significant positive correlation with water temperature; the HB and OPB in water bottom and the IPB in sediment surface were significantly positively correlated with dissolved oxygen (DO); while the AB in sediment surface was significantly negatively correlated with DO. Cluster analysis showed that hypoxia affected the bacterial community structure in sediment surface.

An investigation was made on the abundance distribution and its variation of virioplankton in the Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent East China Sea in summer 2006 and winter 2007. The virus direct count (VDC) was quantified by fluorescent microscopy. In summer 2006, the VDC was from 2.22 x 10(6) to 9.97 x 10(7) ind x m(-1), being higher in the surface sea water of B area (122.5 degrees-123.5 degrees E); in winter 2007, the VDC was from 1.99 x 10(6) to 2.66 x 10(7) ind x mh(-1), being higher in coastal A area (120.5 degrees-122.5 degrees E) and decreased from nearshore waters to offshore waters. In summer, the VDC had close relationships with bacteriaplankton biomass and chlorophylla concentration but less relationship with nutrients concentration (P > 0.05); in winter, the VDC was closely related to bacteriaplankton biomass and nutrients concentration but less related to chlorophyll-a concentration (P > 0.05). The abundance distribution pattern of virioplankton showed significant seasonal variability, with the VDC significantly larger in summer than in winter (P < 0.01), which was mainly decided by the distribution of the viral host, and partly by the nutrients concentration in wintertime.

Bio-diesel oil has attracted much attention as a substitutable energy sources for its renewable and eco-friendly property. However, problems of lead contamination in fuel are also emphasized increasingly at present. So it was of quite significance to determine the contents of lead in bio-diesel oil and its raw material rapeseed oil. An effective method was developed for the rapid determination of lead in rapeseed oil and bio-diesel oil by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) after their stabilization as microemulsions. In this research work, polyethyleneglycol octyl phenyl ether and n-butanol were used for emulsifier and auxiliary emulsifying agent, respectively. For Pb, efficient thermal stabilization was obtained using NH4H2PO4 as matrix modifier. Sample stabilization was necessary because of evident analyte losses that occurred immediately after sampling. Excellent long-term sample stabilization and the influence of the microemulsion composition on the GFAAS response were observed by mixing different organic solvents. The ashing and atomization temperature and ramp rate influenced the sensitivity obtained for Ph. Take this into account, the optimum conditions of the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric determination of Pb in rapeseed oil and bio-diesel oil samples were investigated. The results showed that the microemulsion was quite stable when the value of V(20% polyethyleneglycol octyl phenyl ether), V(n-butanol), V(oil) and V(water) was 0.1: 8.9: 0.5: 0.5, without matrix interference effect. The determination limit of the proposed method was 126.2 microg x L(-1) for Pb, comfortably below the values found in the analyzed samples. The recoveries were from 81.8% to 109.0%, which performed using the addition of different concentrations of lead to bio-diesel oil, rapeseed oil and petrochemical diesel samples. The relative standard deviation of determination was 5.84%. This work showed the great efficiency of the microemulsion, indicating that it is possible to extract lead from the oil phase. The method was applied to the determination of lead in oil samples with satisfactory results.

We produced beta1 gene which is about 2400 bp by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from bovine trachea, reclaimed and purified, then cloned the amplified fragment to pGEM-T easy vector, confirmed by sequencing. The immune-dominant epitope of beta1 gene was chosen by computer analysis and then syncretized ligand-binding domain from 346 bp to 843 bp of ecytoplasm with six histidine, expressed LBD protein massly in E. coli BL21 (DE3), and identified by SDS-PAGE. The fusion protein was purified with Ni-NTA affinity chromatography and immunized New Zealand rabbits preparing of its polyclonal antibody, the specific antibody titer was above 1:12,800 detected by indirect ELISA, the result of Western blot showed that this antibody could be recognized by LBD fusion protein.

Objective: To study the effect of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) on lymphangiogenesis in breast cancer., Methods: By the means of immunohistochemistry, COX-2, vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) and D2-40 were examined in the tissue samples of primary tumors from 94 patients underwent surgical resections for breast cancer from November 1998 to March 2002. Eighty-three patients were followed-up. The expressions of VEGF-C mRNA and protein were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot in MDA-MB-231 cell lines by the treatment of selective COX-2 inhibitor Nimesulide at different doses. The expressions of VEGF-C protein were evaluated in MDA-MB-231 cells treated by PGE2 (1 microg/ml) and Trastuzumab (1 microg/ml), respectively., Results: COX-2 over-expression was observed in 46.8% of surgical specimens (44/94), while VEGF-C overexpression occurred in 51.1% of tumor samples (48/94). COX-2 was strongly correlated with VEGF-C expression (P < 0.01), micro-lymphatic vessels (P = 0.032) and metastatic lymph nodes (P = 0. 035). Patients with COX-2 positive tumors had a significant shorter survival time than those with negative tumors did, including disease-free survival (P = 0.010) and overall survival (P = 0.040). Nimesulide could down-regulate the expressions of VEGF-C mRNA and protein in a does-dependent manner, while PGE2 could up-regulate the expressions. The expression of VEGF-C protein up-regulated by PGE2 treatment was decreased by Trastuzumab., Conclusions: COX-2 over-expression can up-regulate the expression of VEGF-C. VEGF-C might promote lymph node metastasis by a lymph-angiogenic pathway, then affect the prognosis of the patients with breast cancer.

In this paper, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was conducted with 20 random primers in 7 strains of Phellinus baumii collected from different localities. The results showed that 17 of the 20 random primers were polymorphic ones. The DNA bands derived from each primer amplifying in tested strains ranged from 10 to 33. The size of the amplified DNA fragments ranged from 250 to 2000 base pairs. Of each test primer, a wide variation in banding profiles was observed among the 7 strains of P. baumii. A total of 377 band positions were scored for all of the test strains, which differed significantly among the bands from different primers. UPGMA cluster analysis subdivided the test strains into two groups, which was helpful to find out the difference among the test strains and to distinguish them directly.

Objective: To study the methods and points for attention of latissimus dorsi muscle flap transplantation to correct the thoracic malformation of Poland's syndrome., Methods: From 1995 to 2003, 10 patients were diagnosed of Poland's syndrome with absence of pectoris major muscle in all patients. The latissimus dorsi muscle flap was exposed and transferred through a vertical lateral thoracic cut and a short cut beneath the axillary fold. Reconstruction of the anterior axillary wall is one of the major goals to be achieved in this operation., Results: All of the latissimus dorsi muscle flaps survived. Satisfactory outcomes were achieved after 1-2 years of follow-up., Conclusion: The latissimus dorsi muscle flap has a stable and reliable blood supply. It is an ideal muscle flap to restore the thoracic malformation of Poland's syndrome.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical and radiographic manifestations of malignant ameloblastoma of the jaw and methods for treatment., Methods: 10 consecutive cases of malignant ameloblastoma were treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital,Shanghai Second Medical University between 1991 and 2003. All the cases were proved to be malignant ameloblastoma by surgical pathology and followed up for 1 to 8 years. This paper reviewed the clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment of these 10 cases., Results: Among the 10 cases of malignant ameloblastoma, 5 were female, 5 were male ,aged from 22 to 60 years. 4 cases were located in the maxilla, and 6 cases in the mandible.All the patients underwent partial mandibulectomy or maxillectomy combined with modified radical neck dissection or supraomohyoid dissection with flap repair at the same time. The follow up outcomes were satisfactory both in appearance and function without recurrence., Conclusion: Malignant ameloblastoma is a kind of low degree malignant tumors. Diagnosis is made by pathology. Operation is the only radical method of therapy.